Chapter 80

{ Guelph"ic, Guelf"ic } (?), a. Of or pertaining to the family or the faction of the Guelphs.

||Guenon" (?), n. [F.] (Zoˆl.) One of several long-tailed Oriental ||monkeys, of the genus Cercocebus, as the green monkey and grivet.

||Gue`parde" (?), n. [Cf. F. guÈpard.] (Zoˆl.) The cheetah.

Guer"don (?), n. [OF. guerdon, guerredon, LL. widerdonum (influenced by L. donum gift, cf. Donation ), fr. OHG. widarln; widar again, against (G. wider wieder) + ln reward, G. lohn, akin to AS. le·n Goth. laun. See Withers.] A reward; requital; recompense; -- used in both a good and a bad sense. Macaulay.

So young as to regard men's frown or smile As loss or guerdon of a glorious lot.

Byron.

He shall, by thy revenging hand, at once receive the just guerdon of all his former villainies.

Knolles.

Guer"don (?), v. t. [OF. guerdonner, guerredonner. See Guerdon, n.] To give guerdon to; to reward; to be a recompense for. [R.]

Him we gave a costly bribe To guerdon silence.

Tennyson.

Guer"don*a*ble (?), a. [Cf. OF. guerredonable.] Worthy of reward. Sir G. Buck.

Guer"don*less, a. Without reward or guerdon.

Gue*re"za (?), n. (Zoˆl.) A beautiful Abyssinian monkey (Colobus guereza), having the body black, with a fringe of long, silky, white hair along the sides, and a tuft of the same at the end of the tail. The frontal band, cheeks, and chin are white.

Gue*ril"la (?), a. See Guerrilla.

Guer"ite (?), n. [F. guÈrite.] (Fort.) A projecting turret for a sentry, as at the salient angles of works, or the acute angles of bastions.

Guern"sey lil"y (?). (Bot.) A South African plant (Nerine Sarniensis) with handsome lilylike flowers, naturalized on the island of Guernsey.

Guer*ril"la (?), n. [Sp., lit., a little war, skirmish, dim. of guerra war, fr. OHG. werra discord, strife. See War.] 1. An irregular mode of carrying on war, by the constant attacks of independent bands, adopted in the north of Spain during the Peninsular war.

2. One who carries on, or assists in carrying on, irregular warfare; especially, a member of an independent band engaged in predatory excursions in war time.

The term guerrilla is the diminutive of the Spanish word guerra, war, and means petty war, that is, war carried on by detached parties; generally in the mountains. . . . A guerrilla party means, an irregular band of armed men, carrying on an irregular war, not being able, according to their character as a guerrilla party, to carry on what the law terms a regular war. F. Lieder.

Guer*ril"la, a. Pertaining to, or engaged in, warfare carried on irregularly and by independent bands; as, a guerrilla party; guerrilla warfare.

Guess (gs), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Guessed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Guessing.] [OE. gessen; akin to Dan. gisse, Sw. gissa, Icel. gizha, D. gissen: cf. Dan. giette to guess, Icel. geta to get, to guess. Probably originally, to try to get, and akin to E. get. See Get.] 1. To form an opinion concerning, without knowledge or means of knowledge; to judge of at random; to conjecture.

First, if thou canst, the harder reason guess.

Pope.

2. To judge or form an opinion of, from reasons that seem preponderating, but are not decisive.

We may then guess how far it was from his design.

Milton.

Of ambushed men, whom, by their arms and dress, To be Taxallan enemies I guess.

Dryden.

3. To solve by a correct conjecture; to conjecture rightly; as, he who guesses the riddle shall have the ring; he has guessed my designs.

4. To hit upon or reproduce by memory. [Obs.]

Tell me their words, as near as thou canst guess them.

Shak.

5. To think; to suppose; to believe; to imagine; -- followed by an objective clause.

Not all together; better far, I guess, That we do make our entrance several ways.

Shak.

But in known images of life I guess The labor greater.

Pope.

Syn. -- To conjecture; suppose; surmise; suspect; divine; think; imagine; fancy. -- To Guess, Think, Reckon. Guess denotes, to attempt to hit upon at random; as, to guess at a thing when blindfolded; to conjecture or form an opinion on hidden or very slight grounds: as, to guess a riddle; to guess out the meaning of an obscure passage. The use of the word guess for think or believe, although abundantly sanctioned by good English authors, is now regarded as antiquated and objectionable by discriminating writers. It may properly be branded as a colloguialism and vulgarism when used respecting a purpose or a thing about which there is no uncertainty; as, I guess I 'll go to bed.

Guess, v. i. To make a guess or random judgment; to conjecture; -- with at, about, etc.

This is the place, as well as I may guess.

Milton.

Guess, n. An opinion as to anything, formed without sufficient or decisive evidence or grounds; an attempt to hit upon the truth by a random judgment; a conjecture; a surmise.

A poet must confess His art 's like physic -- but a happy guess.

Dryden.

Guess"a*ble (?), a. Capable of being guessed.

Guess"er (?), n. One who guesses; one who forms or gives an opinion without means of knowing.

Guess"ing*ly, adv. By way of conjecture. Shak.

Guess"ive (?), a. Conjectural. [Obs.] Feltham.

Guess" rope" (?). (Naut.) A guess warp.

Guess" warp" (?). (Naut.) A rope or hawser by which a vessel is towed or warped along; -- so called because it is necessary to guess at the length to be carried in the boat making the attachment to a distant object.

Guess"work` (?), n. Work performed, or results obtained, by guess; conjecture.

Guest (gst), n. [OE. gest, AS. gÊst, gest; akin to OS., D., & G. gast, Icel. gestr, Sw. g‰st, Dan. Gj‰st, Goth. gasts, Russ. goste, and to L. hostis enemy, stranger; the meaning stranger is the older one, but the root is unknown. Cf. Host an army, Hostile.] 1. A visitor; a person received and entertained in one's house or at one's table; a visitor entertained without pay.

To cheer his guests, whom he had stayed that night.

Spenser.

True friendship's laws are by this rule exprest. Welcome the coming, speed the parting guest.

Pope.

Guest (?), v. t. To receive or entertain hospitably. [Obs.] Sylvester.

Guest, v. i. To be, or act the part of, a guest. [Obs.]

And tell me, best of princes, who he was That guested here so late.

Chapman.

Guest" rope" (?). (Naut.) The line by which a boat makes fast to the swinging boom. Ham. Nav. Encyc.

Guest"wise" (?), adv. In the manner of a guest.

Gue"vi (?), n. (Zoˆl.) One of several very small species and varieties of African antelopes, of the genus Cephalophus, as the Cape guevi or kleeneboc (Cephalophus pygmÊa); -- called also pygmy antelope. [1913 Webster]

Guf*faw" (&?;), n. A loud burst of laughter; a horse laugh. "A hearty low guffaw." Carlyle.

Guf"fer (?), n. (Zoˆl.) The eelpout; guffer eel.

Gug"gle (?), v. i. See Gurgle.

Guhr (?), n. [G.] A loose, earthy deposit from water, found in the cavities or clefts of rocks, mostly white, but sometimes red or yellow, from a mixture of clay or ocher. P. Cleaveland.

Gui"ac (?), n. Same as Guaiac.

Gui"a*col (?), n. [Guiac + - ol.] (Chem.) A colorless liquid, C6H4.OCH3.OH, resembling the phenols, found as a constituent of woodtar creosote, and produced by the dry distillation of guaiac resin.

Gui"a*cum (?), n. Same as Guaiacum.

Guib (?), n. (Zoˆl.) A West African antelope (Tragelaphus scriptus), curiously marked with white stripes and spots on a reddish fawn ground, and hence called harnessed antelope; -- called also guiba.

||Gui"co*war (?), n. [Mahratta gekwr, prop., a cowherd.] The title of ||the sovereign of Guzerat, in Western India; -- generally called the ||Guicowar of Baroda, which is the capital of the country.

Guid"a*ble (?), a. Capable of being guided; willing to be guided or counseled. Sprat.

Guid"age (?), n. [See Guide.] 1. The reward given to a guide for services. [R.] Ainsworth.

2. Guidance; lead; direction. [R.] Southey.

Guid"ance (?), n. [See Guide.] The act or result of guiding; the superintendence or assistance of a guide; direction; government; a leading.

His studies were without guidance and without plan.

Macaulay.

Guide (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Guided; p. pr. & vb. n. Guiding.] [OE. guiden, gyden, F. guiaer, It. guidare; prob. of Teutonic origin; cf. Goth. ritan to watch over, give heed to, Icel. viti signal, AS. witan to know. The word prob. meant, to indicate, point to, and hence, to show the way. Cf. Wit, Guy a rope, Gye.]

1. To lead or direct in a way; to conduct in a course or path; to pilot; as, to guide a traveler.

I wish . . . you 'ld guide me to your sovereign's court.

Shak.

2. To regulate and manage; to direct; to order; to superintend the training or education of; to instruct and influence intellectually or morally; to train.

He will guide his affairs with discretion.

Ps. cxii. 5.

The meek will he guide in judgment.

Ps. xxv. 9.

Guide, n. [OE. giae, F. guide, It. guida. See Guide, v. t.] 1. A person who leads or directs another in his way or course, as in a strange land; one who exhibits points of interest to strangers; a conductor; also, that which guides; a guidebook.

2. One who, or that which, directs another in his conduct or course of life; a director; a regulator.

He will be our guide, even unto death.

Ps. xlviii. 14.

3. Any contrivance, especially one having a directing edge, surface, or channel, for giving direction to the motion of anything, as water, an instrument, or part of a machine, or for directing the hand or eye, as of an operator; as: (a) (Water Wheels) A blade or channel for directing the flow of water to the wheel buckets. (b) (Surgery) A grooved director for a probe or knife. (c) (Printing) A strip or device to direct the compositor's eye to the line of copy he is setting.

4. (Mil.) A noncommissioned officer or soldier placed on the directing flank of each subdivision of a column of troops, or at the end of a line, to mark the pivots, formations, marches, and alignments in tactics. Farrow.

Guide bar (Mach.), the part of a steam engine on which the crosshead slides, and by which the motion of the piston rod is kept parallel to the cylinder, being a substitute for the parallel motion; -- called also guide, and slide bar. -- Guide block (Steam Engine), a block attached in to the crosshead to work in contact with the guide bar. -- Guide meridian. (Surveying) See under Meridian. -- Guide pile (Engin.), a pile driven to mark a place, as a point to work to. -- Guide pulley (Mach.), a pulley for directing or changing the line of motion of belt; an idler. Knight. -- Guide rail (Railroads), an additional rail, between the others, gripped by horizontal driving wheels on the locomotive, as a means of propulsion on steep gradients.

Guide"board` (?), n. A board, as upon a guidepost having upon it directions or information as to the road. Lowell.

Guide"book` (?), n. A book of directions and information for travelers, tourists, etc.

Guide"less, a. Without a guide. Dryden.

Guide"post` (?), n. A post at the fork of a road, with a guideboard on it, to direct travelers.

Guid"er (?), n. A guide; a director. Shak.

Guid"er*ess (?), n. A female guide. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Guid"guid` (?), n. (Zoˆl.) A South American ant bird of the genus Hylactes; -- called also barking bird.

Gui"don (?), n. [F. guidon, It. guidone. See Guide, v. t.] 1. A small flag or streamer, as that carried by cavalry, which is broad at one end and nearly pointed at the other, or that used to direct the movements of a body of infantry, or to make signals at sea; also, the flag of a guild or fraternity. In the United States service, each company of cavalry has a guidon.

The pendants and guidons were carried by the officer of the army.

Evelyn.

<! p. 657 !>

2. One who carries a flag. Johnson.

3. One of a community established at Rome, by Charlemagne, to guide pilgrims to the Holy Land.

Guige (gj or gj), n. [Obs.] See Gige.

Guild (?), n. [OE. gilds, AS. gild, gield, geld, tribute, a society or company where payment was made for its charge and support, fr. AS. gildan, gieldan, to pay. See Yield, v. t.] 1. An association of men belonging to the same class, or engaged in kindred pursuits, formed for mutual aid and protection; a business fraternity or corporation; as, the Stationers' Guild; the Ironmongers' Guild. They were originally licensed by the government, and endowed with special privileges and authority.

2. A guildhall. [Obs.] Spenser.

3. A religious association or society, organized for charitable purposes or for assistance in parish work.

Guild"a*ble (?), a. Liable to a tax. [Obs.]

Guil"der (?), n. [D. gulden, orig., golden. Cf. Golden.] A Dutch silver coin worth about forty cents; -- called also florin and gulden.

Guild"hall` (?), n. The hall where a guild or corporation usually assembles; a townhall.

Guile (?), n. [OE. guile, gile, OF. guile; of German origin, and the same word as E. wile. See Wile.] Craft; deceitful cunning; artifice; duplicity; wile; deceit; treachery.

Behold an Israelite indeed, in whom is no guile.

John i. 47.

To wage by force or guile eternal war.

Milton.

Guile, v. t. [OF. guiler. See Guile, n.] To disguise or conceal; to deceive or delude. [Obs.] Spenser.

Guile"ful (?), a. Full of guile; characterized by cunning, deceit, or treachery; guilty. -- Guile"ful*ly, adv. -- Guile"ful*ness, n.

Guile"less, a. Free from guile; artless. -- Guile"less*ly, adv. Guile"less*ness, n.

Guil"er (gl"r), n. [Cf. OF. guileor.] A deceiver; one who deludes, or uses guile. [Obs.] Spenser.

||Guil"le*met` (?), n. [F.] A quotation mark. [R.]

Guil"le*mot` (?), n. [F.] (Zoˆl.) One of several northern sea birds, allied to the auks. They have short legs, placed far back, and are expert divers and swimmers.

The common guillemots, or murres, belong to the genus Uria (as U. troile); the black or foolish guillemot (Cepphus grylle, formerly Uria grylle), is called also sea pigeon and eligny. See Murre.

Guil`le*vat" (-vt"), n. [F. guilloire (fr. guiller to work, ferment) + E. vat.] A vat for fermenting liquors.

||Guil"loche` (?), n. [F. guillochis; -- said to be fr. Guillot, the ||inventor of a machine for carving it.] (Arch.) An ornament in the ||form of two or more bands or strings twisted over each other in a ||continued series, leaving circular openings which are filled with ||round ornaments.

Guil*loched" (?), a. Waved or engine-turned. Mollett.

Guil"lo*tine` (gl"l*tn`), n. [F., from Guillotin, a French physician, who proposed, in the Constituent Assembly of 1789, to abolish decapitation with the ax or sword. The instrument was invented by Dr. Antoine Louis, and was called at first Louison or Louisette. Similar machines, however, were known earlier.] 1. A machine for beheading a person by one stroke of a heavy ax or blade, which slides in vertical guides, is raised by a cord, and let fall upon the neck of the victim.

2. Any machine or instrument for cutting or shearing, resembling in its action a guillotine.

Guil"lo*tine` (gl`l*tn"), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Guillotined (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Guillotining.] [Cf. F. guillotiner.] To behead with the guillotine.

Guilt (glt), n. [OE. gilt, gult, AS. gylt, crime; probably originally signifying, the fine or mulct paid for an offence, and afterward the offense itself, and akin to AS. gieldan to pay, E. yield. See Yield, v. t.] 1. The criminality and consequent exposure to punishment resulting from willful disobedience of law, or from morally wrong action; the state of one who has broken a moral or political law; crime; criminality; offense against right.

Satan had not answer, but stood struck With guilt of his own sin.

Milton.

2. Exposure to any legal penalty or forfeiture.

A ship incurs guilt by the violation of a blockade.

Kent.

Guilt"i*ly (glt"*l), adv. In a guilty manner.

Guilt"i*ness, n. The quality or state of being guilty.

Guilt"less, a. 1. Free from guilt; innocent.

The Lord will not hold him guiltless that taketh his name in vain.

Ex. xx. 7.

2. Without experience or trial; unacquainted (with).

Such gardening tools, as art, yet rude, Guiltless of fire, had formed.

Milton.

-- Guilt"less*ly, adv. -- Guilt"less*ness, n.

Guilt"-sick` (?), a. Made sick by consciousness of guilt. "A guilt-sick conscience." Beau. & Fl.

Guilt"y (?), a. [Compar. Gultier (?); superl. Guiltiest.] [AS. gyltig liable. See Guilt.] 1. Having incurred guilt; criminal; morally delinquent; wicked; chargeable with, or responsible for, something censurable; justly exposed to penalty; -- used with of, and usually followed by the crime, sometimes by the punishment.

They answered and said, He is guilty of death.

Matt. xxvi. 66.

Nor he, nor you, were guilty of the strife.

Dryden.

2. Evincing or indicating guilt; involving guilt; as, a guilty look; a guilty act; a guilty feeling.

3. Conscious; cognizant. [Obs.] B. Jonson.

4. Condemned to payment. [Obs. & R.] Dryden.

Guilt"y*like` (-lk`), adv. Guiltily. [Obs.] Shak.

Guin"ea (gn"), n. 1. A district on the west coast of Africa (formerly noted for its export of gold and slaves) after which the Guinea fowl, Guinea grass, Guinea peach, etc., are named.

2. A gold coin of England current for twenty- one shillings sterling, or about five dollars, but not coined since the issue of sovereigns in 1817.

The guinea, so called from the Guinea gold out of which it was first struck, was proclaimed in 1663, and to go for twenty shillings; but it never went for less than twenty-one shillings.

Pinkerton.

Guinea corn. (Bot.) See Durra. -- Guinea Current (Geog.), a current in the Atlantic Ocean setting southwardly into the Bay of Benin on the coast of Guinea. -- Guinea dropper one who cheats by dropping counterfeit guineas. [Obs.] Gay. -- Guinea fowl, Guinea hen (Zoˆl.), an African gallinaceous bird, of the genus Numida, allied to the pheasants. The common domesticated species (N. meleagris), has a colored fleshy horn on each aide of the head, and is of a dark gray color, variegated with small white spots. The crested Guinea fowl (N. cristata) is a finer species. -- Guinea grains (Bot.), grains of Paradise, or amomum. See Amomum. -- Guinea grass (Bot.), a tall strong forage grass (Panicum jumentorum) introduced. from Africa into the West Indies and Southern United States. -- Guinea-hen flower (Bot.), a liliaceous flower (Fritillaria Meleagris) with petals spotted like the feathers of the Guinea hen. -- Guinea peach. See under Peach. -- Guinea pepper (Bot.), the pods of the Xylopia aromatica, a tree of the order AnonaceÊ, found in tropical West Africa. They are also sold under the name of Piper ∆thiopicum. --Guinea pig. [Prob. a mistake for Guiana pig.] (a) (Zoˆl.) A small Brazilian rodent (Cavia cobaya), about seven inches in length and usually of a white color, with spots of orange and black. (b) A contemptuous sobriquet. Smollett -- Guinea plum (Bot.), the fruit of Parinarium excelsum, a large West African tree of the order ChrysobalaneÊ, having a scarcely edible fruit somewhat resembling a plum, which is also called gray plum and rough-skin plum. -- Guinea worm (Zoˆl.), a long and slender African nematoid worm (Filaria Medinensis) of a white color. It lives in the cellular tissue of man, beneath the skin, and produces painful sores.

Gui*pure" (?), n. [F.] A term used for lace of different kinds; most properly for a lace of large pattern and heavy material which has no ground or mesh, but has the pattern held together by connecting threads called bars or brides.

Guir"land (?), n. [Obs.] See Garland.

Guise (?), n. [OE. guise, gise, way, manner, F. guise, fr. OHG. wsa, G. weise. See Wise, n.] 1. Customary way of speaking or acting; custom; fashion; manner; behavior; mien; mode; practice; -- often used formerly in such phrases as: at his own guise; that is, in his own fashion, to suit himself. Chaucer.

The swain replied, "It never was our guise To slight the poor, or aught humane despise."

Pope.

2. External appearance in manner or dress; appropriate indication or expression; garb; shape.

As then the guise was for each gentle swain.

Spenser.

A . . . specter, in a far more terrific guise than any which ever yet have overpowered the imagination.

Burke.

3. Cover; cloak; as, under the guise of patriotism.

Guis"er (?), n. [From Guise.] A person in disguise; a masker; a mummer. [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]

Gui*tar" (?), n. [F. guitare; cf. Pr., Sp., & Pg. guitarra, It. chitarra; all fr. Gr. &?;; cf. L. cithara. Cf. Cittern, Gittern.] A stringed instrument of music resembling the lute or the violin, but larger, and having six strings, three of silk covered with silver wire, and three of catgut, -- played upon with the fingers.

Guit"guit` (?), n. [So called from its note.] (Zoˆl.) One of several species of small tropical American birds of the family CúrebidÊ, allied to the creepers; -- called also quit. See Quit.

||Gu"la (?), n.; pl. L. Gul∆ (#), E. Gulas (#). [L., the throat, ||gullet.] 1. (Zoˆl.) (a) The upper front of the neck, next to the ||chin; the upper throat. (b) A plate which in most insects supports ||the submentum.

2. (Arch.) A capping molding. Same as Cymatium.

Gu"lar (?), a. [Cf. F. gulaire.] (Zoˆl.) Pertaining to the gula or throat; as, gular plates. See Illust. of Bird, and Bowfin.

Gu"laund (?), n. [Icel. gul- ˆnd.] An arctic sea bird.

Gulch (?), n. 1. Act of gulching or gulping. [Obs.]

2. A glutton. [Obs.] B. Jonson.

3. A ravine, or part of the deep bed of a torrent when dry; a gully.

Gulch, v. t. [OE. gulchen; cf. dial. Sw. gˆlka to gulch, D. gulzig greedy, or E. gulp.] To swallow greedily; to gulp down. [Obs.]

Guld (gld), n. A flower. See Gold. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Gul"den (?), n. See Guilder.

Gule (?), v. t. To give the color of gules to.

Gule (?), n. The throat; the gullet. [Obs.]

Throats so wide and gules so gluttonous.

Gauden.

Gules (glz), n. [OE. goules, F. gueules, the same word as gueule throat, OF. gole, goule, L. gula. So named from the red color of the throat. See Gullet, and cf. Gula.] (Her.) The tincture red, indicated in seals and engraved figures of escutcheons by parallel vertical lines. Hence, used poetically for a red color or that which is red.

His sev'n-fold targe a field of gules did stain In which two swords he bore; his word, "Divide and reign."

P. Fletcher.

Follow thy drum; With man's blood paint the ground; gules, gules.

Shak.

Let's march to rest and set in gules, like suns.

Beau. & Fl.

Gulf (?), n. [F. golfe, It. golfo, fr. Gr. &?; bosom, bay, gulf, LGr. &?;.] 1. A hollow place in the earth; an abyss; a deep chasm or basin,

He then surveyed Hell and the gulf between.

Milton.

Between us and you there is a great gulf fixed.

Luke xvi. 26.

2. That which swallows; the gullet. [Obs.] Shak.

3. That which swallows irretrievably; a whirlpool; a sucking eddy. Shak.

A gulf of ruin, swallowing gold.

Tennyson.

4. (Geog.) A portion of an ocean or sea extending into the land; a partially land-locked sea; as, the Gulf of Mexico.

5. (Mining) A large deposit of ore in a lode.

Gulf Stream (Geog.), the warm ocean current of the North Atlantic. It originates in the westward equatorial current, due to the trade winds, is deflected northward by Cape St. Roque through the Gulf of Mexico, and flows parallel to the coast of North America, turning eastward off the island of Nantucket. Its average rate of flow is said to be about two miles an hour. The similar Japan current, or Kuro-Siwo, is sometimes called the Gulf Stream of the Pacific. -- Gulf weed (Bot.), a branching seaweed (Sargassum bacciferum, or sea grape), having numerous berrylike air vessels, -- found in the Gulf Stream, in the Sargasso Sea, and elsewhere.

Gulf"y (?), a. Full of whirlpools or gulfs. Chapman.

Gul"gul (?), n. [Hind. galgal.] A cement made in India from sea shells, pulverized and mixed with oil, and spread over a ship's bottom, to prevent the boring of worms.

Gu"list (?), n. [L. gulo.] A glutton. [Obs.]