Chapter 65

2. (Chem.) Any one of a large class of sugars, isometric with glucose proper, and including levulose, galactose, etc.

3. The trade name of a sirup, obtained as an uncrystallizable reside in the manufacture of glucose proper, and containing, in addition to some dextrose or glucose, also maltose, dextrin, etc. It is used as a cheap adulterant of sirups, beers, etc.

Glu"co*side (?), n. [See Glucose.] (Chem.) One of a large series of amorphous or crystalline substances, occurring very widely distributed in plants, rarely in animals, and regarded as influental agents in the formation and disposition of the sugars. They are frequently of a bitter taste, but, by the action of ferments, or of dilute acids and alkalies, always break down into some characteristic substance (acid, aldehyde, alcohol, phenole, or alkaloid) and glucose (or some other sugar); hence the name. They are of the nature of complex and compound ethers, and ethereal salts of the sugar carbohydrates.

||Glu`co*su"ri*a (?), n. [NL., fr. E. glucose + Gr. &?; urine.] (Med.) ||A condition in which glucose is discharged in the urine; diabetes ||mellitus.

Glue (gl), n. [F. glu, L. glus, akin to gluten, from gluere to draw together. Cf. Gluten.] A hard brittle brownish gelatin, obtained by boiling to a jelly the skins, hoofs, etc., of animals. When gently heated with water, it becomes viscid and tenaceous, and is used as a cement for uniting substances. The name is also given to other adhesive or viscous substances.

Bee glue. See under Bee. -- Fish glue, a strong kind of glue obtained from fish skins and bladders; isinglass. -- Glue plant (Bot.), a fucoid seaweed (Gloiopeltis tenax). -- Liquid glue, a fluid preparation of glue and acetic acid or alcohol. -- Marine glue, a solution of caoutchouc in naphtha, with shellac, used in shipbuilding.

Glue, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Glued (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Gluing.] [F. gluer. See Glue, n.] To join with glue or a viscous substance; to cause to stick or hold fast, as if with glue; to fix or fasten.

This cold, congealed blood That glues my lips, and will not let me speak.

Shak.

Glue"pot` (?), n. A utensil for melting glue, consisting of an inner pot holding the glue, immersed in an outer one containing water which is heated to soften the glue.

Glu"er (?), n. One who cements with glue.

Glu"ey (?), a. Viscous; glutinous; of the nature of, or like, glue.

Glu"ey*ness, n. Viscidity.

Glu"ish, a. Somewhat gluey. Sherwood.

Glum (?), n. [See Gloom.] Sullenness. [Obs.] Skelton.

Glum, a. Moody; silent; sullen.

I frighten people by my glun face.

Thackeray.

Glum, v. i. To look sullen; to be of a sour countenance; to be glum. [Obs.] Hawes.

Glu*ma"ceous (?), a. [Cf. F. glumancÈ. See Glume.] Having glumes; consisting of glumes.

Glu"mal (?), a. (Bot.) Characterized by a glume, or having the nature of a glume.

Glume (glm), n. [L. gluma hull, husk, fr. glubere to bark or peel: cf. F. glume or gloume.] (Bot.) The bracteal covering of the flowers or seeds of grain and grasses; esp., an outer husk or bract of a spikelet. Gray.

{ Glu*mel"la (?), Glu"melle (?), } n. [F. glumelle, dim. of glume.] (Bot.) One of the palets or inner chaffy scales of the flowers or spikelets of grasses.

Glum"ly (?), adv. In a glum manner; sullenly; moodily.

Glum"my (?), a. [See Gloom.] Dark; gloomy; dismal. [Obs.]

Glum"ness, n. Moodiness; sullenness.

Glump (glmp), v. i. [See Glum.] To manifest sullenness; to sulk. [Colloq.]

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Glump"y (glmp"), a. Glum; sullen; sulky. [Colloq.] "He was glumpy enough." T. Hook.

Glunch (glnch), a. [Cf. Glump.] Frowning; sulky; sullen. Sir W. Scott. -- n. A sullen, angry look; a look of disdain or dislike. [Prov. Eng. & Scot.]

Glut (glt), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Glutted; p. pr. & vb. n. Glutting.] [OE. glotten, fr. OF. glotir, gloutir, L. glutire, gluttire; cf. Gr. &?; to eat, Skr. gar. Cf. Gluttion, Englut.] 1. To swallow, or to swallow greedlly; to gorge.

Though every drop of water swear against it, And gape at widest to glut him.

Shak.

2. To fill to satiety; to satisfy fully the desire or craving of; to satiate; to sate; to cloy.

His faithful heart, a bloody sacrifice, Torn from his breast, to glut the tyrant's eyes.

Dryden.

The realms of nature and of art were ransacked to glut the wonder, lust, and ferocity of a degraded populace.

C. Kingsley.

To glut the market, to furnish an oversupply of any article of trade, so that there is no sale for it.

Glut, v. i. To eat gluttonously or to satiety.

Like three horses that have broken fence, And glutted all night long breast-deep in corn.

Tennyson.

Glut, n. 1. That which is swallowed. Milton

2. Plenty, to satiety or repletion; a full supply; hence, often, a supply beyond sufficiency or to loathing; over abundance; as, a glut of the market.

A glut of those talents which raise men to eminence.

Macaulay.

3. Something that fills up an opening; a clog.

4. (a) A wooden wedge used in splitting blocks. [Prov. Eng.] (b) (Mining) A piece of wood used to fill up behind cribbing or tubbing. Raymond. (c) (Bricklaying) A bat, or small piece of brick, used to fill out a course. Knight. (d) (Arch.) An arched opening to the ashpit of a kiln. (e) A block used for a fulcrum.

5. (Zoˆl.) The broad-nosed eel (Anguilla latirostris), found in Europe, Asia, the West Indies, etc.

Glu`ta*con"ic (?), a. [Glutaric + aconitic.] (Chem.) Pertaining to, or derived from, an acid intermediate between glutaric and aconitic acids.

||Glu*tÊ"us (?), n. [NL. See Gluteal.] (Anat.) The great muscle of the ||buttock in man and most mammals, and the corresponding muscle in many ||lower animals.

In man, the glutÊus is composed of three distinct parts, which extend and abduct the thigh, and help support the body in standing.

Glu*tam"ic (?), a. [Gluten + -amic.] (Chem.) Of or pertaining to gluten.

Glutamic acid, a nitrogenous organic acid obtained from certain albuminoids, as gluten; -- called also amido-glutaric acid.

Glu*tar"ic (?), a. [Glutamic + tartaric.] (Chem.) Of, pertaining to, or designating, an acid so called; as, glutaric ethers.

Glutaric acid, an organic acid obtained as a white crystalline substance, isomeric with pyrotartaric acid; -- called also normal pyrotartaric acid.

Glu"ta*zine (?), n. (Chem.) A nitrogenous substance, forming a heavy, sandy powder, white or nearly so. It is a derivative of pyridine.

Glu"te*al (?), a. [G. &?; rump, pl., the buttocks.] (Anat.) Pertaining to, or in the region of, the glutÊus.

Glu"ten (?), n. [L., glue: cf. F. gluten. See Glue.] (Chem.) The viscid, tenacious substance which gives adhesiveness to dough.

Gluten is a complex and variable mixture of glutin or gliadin, vegetable fibrin, vegetable casein, oily material, etc., and is a very nutritious element of food. It may be separated from the flour of grain by subjecting this to a current of water, the starch and other soluble matters being thus washed out.

Gluten bread, bread containing a large proportion of gluten; -- used in cases of diabetes. -- Gluten casein (Chem.), a vegetable proteid found in the seeds of grasses, and extracted as a dark, amorphous, earthy mass. -- Gluten fibrin (Chem.), a vegetable proteid found in the cereal grains, and extracted as an amorphous, brownish yellow substance.

||Glu*te"us (?), n. [NL.] (Anat.) Same as GlutÊus.

Glu"tin (?), n. [See Gluten.] (Chem.)

1. Same as Gliadin.

2. Sometimes synonymous with Gelatin. [R.]

Glu"ti*nate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Glutinated (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Glutinating.] [L. glutinatus, p. p. of glutinare to glue, fr. gluten glue.] To unite with glue; to cement; to stick together. Bailey.

Glu`ti*na"tion (?), n. [L. glutinatio: cf. F. glutination.] The act of uniting with glue; sticking together.

Glu"ti*na*tive (?), a. [L. glutinativus: cf. F. glutinatif.] Having the quality of cementing; tenacious; viscous; glutinous.

Glu`ti*nos"i*ty (?), n. [Cf. F. glutinositÈ .] The quality of being glutinous; viscousness. [R.]

Glu"ti*nous (?), a. [L. glutinosus, fr. gluten glue: cf. F. glutineux. See Gluten.]

1. Of the nature of glue; resembling glue; viscous; viscid; adhesive; gluey.

2. (Bot.) Havig a moist and adhesive or sticky surface, as a leaf or gland.

Glu"ti*nous*ness (?), n. The quality of being glutinous.

Glut"ton (?), n. [OE. glotoun, glotun, F. glouton, fr. L. gluto, glutto. See Glut.]

1. One who eats voraciously, or to excess; a gormandizer.

2. Fig.: One who gluts himself.

Gluttons in murder, wanton to destroy.

Granville.

3. (Zoˆl.) A carnivorous mammal (Gulo luscus), of the family MustelidÊ, about the size of a large badger. It was formerly believed to be inordinately voracious, whence the name; the wolverene. It is a native of the northern parts of America, Europe, and Asia.

Glutton bird (Zoˆl.), the giant fulmar (Ossifraga gigantea); -- called also Mother Carey's goose, and mollymawk.

Glut"ton (?), a. Gluttonous; greedy; gormandizing. "Glutton souls." Dryden.

A glutton monastery in former ages makes a hungry ministry in our days.

Fuller.

Glut"ton, v. t. & i. To glut; to eat voraciously. [Obs.]

Gluttoned at last, return at home to pine.

Lovelace.

Whereon in Egypt gluttoning they fed.

Drayton.

Glut"ton*ish, a. Gluttonous; greedy. Sir P. Sidney.

Glut"ton*ize (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Gluttonized (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Gluttonizing (?).] To eat to excess; to eat voraciously; to gormandize. Hallywell.

Glut"ton*ous (?), a. Given to gluttony; eating to excess; indulging the appetite; voracious; as, a gluttonous age. -- Glut"ton*ous*ly, adv. -- Glut"ton*ous*ness, n.

Glut"ton*y (?), n.; pl. Gluttonies (#). [OE. glotonie, OF. glotonie, gloutonnie.] Excess in eating; extravagant indulgence of the appetite for food; voracity.

Their sumptuous gluttonies, and gorgeous feasts.

Milton.

Glyc"er*ate (?), n. (Chem.) A salt of glyceric acid.

Gly*cer"ic (?), a. (Chem.) Pertaining to, or derived from, glycerin.

Glyceric acid (Chem.), an organic acid, obtained by the partial oxidation of glycerin, as a thick liquid. It is a hydroxyl derivative of propionic acid, and has both acid and alcoholic properties.

Glyc"er*ide (?), n. [See Glycerin.] (Chem.) A compound ether (formed from glycerin). Some glycerides exist ready formed as natural fats, others are produced artificially.

Glyc"er*in, Glyc"er*ine (&?;), n. [F. glycÈrine, fr. Gr. glykero`s, glyky`s, sweet. Cf. Glucose, Licorice.] (Chem.) An oily, viscous liquid, C3H5(OH)3, colorless and odorless, and with a hot, sweetish taste, existing in the natural fats and oils as the base, combined with various acids, as oleic, margaric, stearic, and palmitic. It is a triatomic alcohol, and hence is also called glycerol. See Note under Gelatin.

It is obtained from fats by saponification, or, on a large scale, by the action of superheated steam. It is used as an ointment, as a solvent and vehicle for medicines, and as an adulterant in wine, beer, etc.

Glyc"er*ite (?), n. (Med.) A medicinal preparation made by mixing or dissolving a substance in glycerin.

Glyc"er*ol (?), n. (Chem.) Same as Glycerin.

Glyc"er*ole (?), n. [F. glycÈrolÈ.] (Med.) Same as Glycerite.

Glyc"er*yl (?), n. [Glycerin + -yl.] (Chem.) A compound radical, C3H5, regarded as the essential radical of glycerin. It is metameric with allyl. Called also propenyl.

Glyc"ide (?), n. [Glyceric + anhydride.] (Chem.) A colorless liquid, obtained from certain derivatives of glycerin, and regarded as a partially dehydrated glycerin; -- called also glycidic alcohol.

Gly*cid"ic (?), a. (Chem.) Pertaining to, or derived from, glycide; as, glycidic acid.

Gly"cin (?), n. [Gr. glyky`s sweet.] (Physiol. Chem.) Same as Glycocoll.

Gly`co*cho"late (?), n. [Glycocoll + cholic.] (Physiol. Chem.) A salt of glycocholic acid; as, sodium glycocholate.

Gly`co*chol"ic (?), a. (Physiol. Chem.) Pertaining to, or composed of, glycocoll and cholic acid.

Glycocholic acid (Physiol. Chem.), a conjugate acid, composed of glycocoll and cholic acid, present in bile in the form of a sodium salt. The acid commonly forms a resinous mass, but can be crystallized in long, white needles.

Gly"co*cin (?), n. [Glycocoll + -in.] (Physiol. Chem.) Same as Glycocoll.

Gly"co*coll (?), n. [Gr. glyky`s sweet + ko`lla glue.] (Physiol. Chem.) A crystalline, nitrogenous substance, with a sweet taste, formed from hippuric acid by boiling with hydrochloric acid, and present in bile united with cholic acid. It is also formed from gelatin by decomposition with acids. Chemically, it is amido-acetic acid. Called also glycin, and glycocin.

Gly"co*gen (?), n. [Gr. &?; sweet + -gen: cf. F. glycogËne.] (Physiol. Chem.) A white, amorphous, tasteless substance resembling starch, soluble in water to an opalescent fluid. It is found abundantly in the liver of most animals, and in small quantity in other organs and tissues, particularly in the embryo. It is quickly changed into sugar when boiled with dilute sulphuric or hydrochloric acid, and also by the action of amylolytic ferments.

Gly`co*gen"ic (?), a. Pertaining to, or caused by, glycogen; as, the glycogenic function of the liver.

{ Gly*cog"e*ny (?), Gly`co*gen"e*sis (?), } n. (Physiol.) The production or formation of sugar from gycogen, as in the liver.

Gly"col (?), n. [Glycerin + - ol. See Glycerin.] (Chem.) (a) A thick, colorless liquid, C2H4(OH)2, of a sweetish taste, produced artificially from certain ethylene compounds. It is a diacid alcohol, intermediate between ordinary ethyl alcohol and glycerin. (b) Any one of the large class of diacid alcohols, of which glycol proper is the type.

Gly*col"ic (?), a. (Chem.) Pertaining to, or derived from, glycol; as, glycolic ether; glycolic acid.

Glycolic acid (Chem.), an organic acid, found naturally in unripe grapes and in the leaves of the wild grape (Ampelopsis quinquefolia), and produced artificially in many ways, as by the oxidation of glycol, -- whence its name. It is a sirupy, or white crystalline, substance, HO.CH2.CO2H, has the properties both of an alcohol and an acid, and is a type of the hydroxy acids; -- called also hydroxyacetic acid.

Gly"co*lide (?), n. [Glycol + anhydride.] (Chem.) A white amorphous powder, C4H4O, obtained by heating and dehydrating glycolic acid. [Written also glycollide.]

Gly`co*lu"ric (?), a. [Glycol + uric.] (Chem.) Pertaining to, derived from, glycol and urea; as, glycoluric acid, which is called also hydantoic acid.

Gly`co*lu"ril (?), n. [Glycolyl + uric.] (Chem.) A white, crystalline, nitrogenous substance, obtained by the reduction of allantoÔn.

Gly"co*lyl (?), n. [Glycolic + -yl.] (Chem.) A divalent, compound radical, CO.CH2, regarded as the essential radical of glycolic acid, and a large series of related compounds.

Gly*co"ni*an (?), a. & n. Glyconic.

Gly*con"ic (?), a. [Gr. &?; a kind of verse, so called from its inventor, Glycon.] (Pros.) Consisting of a spondee, a choriamb, and a pyrrhic; -- applied to a kind of verse in Greek and Latin poetry. -- n. (Pros.) A glyconic verse.

Gly"co*nin (?), n. An emulsion of glycerin and the yolk of eggs, used as an ointment, as a vehicle for medicines, etc.

Gly"co*sine (?), n. (Chem.) An organic base, C6H6N4, produced artificially as a white, crystalline powder, by the action of ammonia on glyoxal.

||Gly`co*su"ri*a (?), n. (Med.) Same as Glucosuria.

||Glyc`yr*rhi"za (?), n. [L., fr. Gr. &?;; &?; sweet + &?; root. Cf. ||Licorice.]

1. (Bot.) A genus of papilionaceous herbaceous plants, one species of which (G. glabra), is the licorice plant, the roots of which have a bittersweet mucilaginous taste.

2. (Med.) The root of Glycyrrhiza glabra (liquorice root), used as a demulcent, etc.

Glyc`yr*rhi*zim"ic (?), a. (Chem.) From, or pertaining to, glycyrrhizin; as, glycyrrhizimic acid.

Gly*cyr"rhi*zin (?), n. [Cf. F. glycyrrhizine. See Glycyrrhiza.] (Chem.) A glucoside found in licorice root (Glycyrrhiza), in monesia bark (Chrysophyllum), in the root of the walnut, etc., and extracted as a yellow, amorphous powder, of a bittersweet taste.

{ Glyn, Glynne } (?), n. A glen. See Glen. [Obs. singly, but occurring often in locative names in Ireland, as Glen does in Scotland.]

He could not beat out the Irish, yet he did shut them up within those narrow corners and glyns under the mountain's foot.

Spenser.

Gly*ox"al (?), n. [Glycol + oxalic + aldehyde.] (Chem.) A white, amorphous, deliquescent powder, (CO.H)2, obtained by the partial oxidation of glycol. It is a double aldehyde, between glycol and oxalic acid.

Gly`ox*al"ic (?), a. (Chem.) Pertaining to, or designating, an aldehyde acid, intermediate between glycol and oxalic acid. [Written also glyoxylic.]

Gly*ox"a*line (?), n. (Chem.) A white, crystalline, organic base, C3H4N2, produced by the action of ammonia on glyoxal, and forming the origin of a large class of derivatives hence, any one of the series of which glyoxaline is a type; -- called also oxaline.

Gly*ox"ime (?), n. [Glyoxal + oxime.] (Chem.) A white, crystalline, nitrogenous substance, produced by the action of hydroxylamine on glyoxal, and belonging to the class of oximes; also, any one of a group of substances resembling glyoxime proper, and of which it is a type. See Oxime.

Glyph (glf), n. [Gr. glyfh` carving, fr. gly`fein to carve: cf. F. glyphe. Cf. Cleave to split.] (Arch.) A sunken channel or groove, usually vertical. See Triglyph.

Glyph"ic (?), a. [Gr. &?; of or for carving.] (Fine Arts) Of or pertaining to sculpture or carving of any sort, esp. to glyphs.

Glyph"o*graph (?), n. A plate made by glyphography, or an impression taken from such a plate.

Glyph`o*graph"ic (?), a. Of or pertaining to glyphography.

Gly*phog"ra*phy (?), n. [Gr. &?; to engrave + -graphy.] A process similar to etching, in which, by means of voltaic electricity, a raised copy of a drawing is made, so that it can be used to print from.

Glyp"tic (?), a. [See Glyph.]

1. Of or pertaining to gem engraving.

2. (Min.) Figured; marked as with figures.

Glyp"tics (?), n. [Cf. F. glyptique. See Glyph.] The art of engraving on precious stones.

Glyp"to*don (?), n. [Gr. &?; carved, engraved + &?;, &?;, tooth. See Glyph.] (Paleon.) An extinct South American quaternary mammal, allied to the armadillos. It was as large as an ox, was covered with tessellated scales, and had fluted teeth. Owen.

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Glyp"to*dont (?), n. (Paleon.) One of a family (GlyptodontidÊ) of extinct South American edentates, of which Glyptodon is the type. About twenty species are known.

Glyp`to*graph"ic (?), a. [Cf. F. glyptographique.] Relating to glyptography, or the art of engraving on precious stones. [R.]

Glyp*tog"ra*phy (?), n. [Gr. &?; carved + -graphy: cf. F. glyptographie.] The art or process of engraving on precious stones. [R.]

||Glyp`to*the"ca (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. &?; carved + &?; case, box.] A ||building or room devoted to works of sculpture.

Glys"ter (?), n. (Med.) Same as Clyster.

Gmel"in*ite (?), n. [Named after the German chemist Gmelin.] (Min.) A rhombohedral zeolitic mineral, related in form and composition to chabazite.

||Gna*pha"li*um (?), n. [Nl., from Gr. &?; wool of the teasel.] (Bot.) ||A genus of composite plants with white or colored dry and persistent ||involucres; a kind of everlasting.

Gnar (?), n. [OE. knarre, gnarre, akin to OD. knor, G. knorren. Cf. Knar, Knur, Gnarl.] A knot or gnarl in wood; hence, a tough, thickset man; -- written also gnarr. [Archaic]

He was . . . a thick gnarre.

Chaucer.

Gnar (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Gnarred (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Gnarring.] [See Gnarl.] To gnarl; to snarl; to growl; -- written also gnarr. [Archaic]

At them he gan to rear his bristles strong, And felly gnarre.

Spenser.

A thousand wants Gnarr at the heels of men.

Tennison.

Gnarl (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Gnarled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Gnarling.] [From older gnar, prob. of imitative origin; cf. G. knarren, knurren. D. knorren, Sw. knorra, Dan. knurre.] To growl; to snarl.

And wolves are gnarling who shall gnaw thee first.

Shak.

Gnarl, n. [See Gnar, n.] a knot in wood; a large or hard knot, or a protuberance with twisted grain, on a tree.

Gnarled (?), a. Knotty; full of knots or gnarls; twisted; crossgrained.

The unwedgeable and gnarlÈd oak.

Shak.

Gnarl"y (?), a. Full of knots; knotty; twisted; crossgrained.

Gnash (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Gnashed (#); p. pr. & vb. n. Gnashing.] [OE. gnasten, gnaisten, cf. Icel. gnastan a gnashing, gn&?;sta to gnash, Dan. knaske, Sw. gnissla, D. knarsen, G. knirschen.] To strike together, as in anger or pain; as, to gnash the teeth.

Gnash, v. i. To grind or strike the teeth together.

There they him laid, Gnashing for anguish, and despite, and shame.

Milton.

Gnash"ing*ly, adv. With gnashing.

Gnat (?), n. [AS. gnÊt.] 1. (Zoˆl.) A blood-sucking dipterous fly, of the genus Culex, undergoing a metamorphosis in water. The females have a proboscis armed with needlelike organs for penetrating the skin of animals. These are wanting in the males. In America they are generally called mosquitoes. See Mosquito.

2. Any fly resembling a Culex in form or habits; esp., in America, a small biting fly of the genus Simulium and allies, as the buffalo gnat, the black fly, etc.

Gnat catcher (Zoˆl.), one of several species of small American singing birds, of the genus Polioptila, allied to the kinglets. -- Gnat flower, the bee flower. -- Gnat hawk (Zoˆl.), the European goatsucker; -- called also gnat owl. -- Gnat snapper (Zoˆl.), a bird that catches gnats. -- Gnat strainer, a person ostentatiously punctilious about trifles. Cf. Matt. xxiii. 24.

Gnath"ic (?), a. [Gr. &?; the jaw.] (Anat.) Of or pertaining to the jaw.

Gnathic index, in a skull, the ratio of the distance from the middle of the nasofrontal suture to the basion (taken equal to 100), to the distance from the basion to the middle of the front edge of the upper jaw; -- called also alveolar index.

Skulls with the gnathic index below 98 are orthognathous, from 98 to 103 mesognathous, and above 103 are prognathous.

Flower.

||Gna*thid"i*um (?), n.; pl. Gnathidia (#). [NL., fr. Gr. gna`qos the ||jaw.] (Zoˆl.) The ramus of the lower jaw of a bird as far as it is ||naked; -- commonly used in the plural.

Gnath"ite (?), n. [Gr. gna`qos the jaw.] (Zoˆl.) Any one of the mouth appendages of the Arthropoda. They are known as mandibles, maxillÊ, and maxillipeds.

{ Gna*thon"ic (?), Gna*thon"ic*al (?), } a. [L. Gnatho, name of a parasite in the "Eunuchus" of Terence, Gr. &?;; hence, a parasite in general.] Flattering; deceitful. [Obs.]

Gnath"o*pod (?), n. [Gr. gna`qos the jaw + -pod.] (Zoˆl.) A gnathopodite or maxilliped. See Maxilliped.

Gna*thop"o*dite (?), n. (Zoˆl,) Any leglike appendage of a crustacean, when modified wholly, or in part, to serve as a jaw, esp. one of the maxillipeds.

Gna*thos"te*gite (?), n. [Gr. gna`qos the jaw + &?; a roof.] (Zoˆl.) One of a pair of broad plates, developed from the outer maxillipeds of crabs, and forming a cover for the other mouth organs.

||Gna*thos"to*ma (?), n. pl. [NL., from Gr. gna`qos the jaw + &?;, &?;, ||the mouth.] (Zoˆl.) A comprehensive division of vertebrates, ||including all that have distinct jaws, in contrast with the ||leptocardians and marsipobranchs (Cyclostoma), which lack them. ||[Written also Gnathostomata.]

||Gnath`o*the"ca (?), n.; pl. Gnathothec∆ (#). [NL., fr. Gr. gna`qos ||the jaw + &?; a box.] (Zoˆl.) The horney covering of the lower ||mandible of a bird.

Gnat"ling (?), n. (Zoˆl.) A small gnat.

Gnat"worm` (?), n. (Zoˆl.) The aquatic larva of a gnat; -- called also, colloquially, wiggler.

Gnaw (n), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Gnawed (nd); p. pr. & vb. n. Gnawing.] [OE. gnawen, AS. gnagan; akin to D. knagen, OHG. gnagan, nagan, G. nagen, Icel. & Sw. gnaga, Dan. gnave, nage. Cf. Nag to tease.] 1. To bite, as something hard or tough, which is not readily separated or crushed; to bite off little by little, with effort; to wear or eat away by scraping or continuous biting with the teeth; to nibble at.