Chapter 120

Hy`dro*sor"bic (?), a. [Hydro-, 2 + sorbic.] (Chem.) Pertaining to, or designating, an acid obtained from sorbic acid when this takes up hydrogen; as, hydrosorbic acid.

Hy"dro*stat (?), n. A contrivance or apparatus to prevent the explosion of steam boilers.

{ Hy`dro*stat"ic (?), Hy`dro*stat"ic*al (?), } a. [Hydro-, 1 + Gr. &?; causing to stand: cf. F. hydrostatique. See Static.] Of or relating to hydrostatics; pertaining to, or in accordance with, the principles of the equilibrium of fluids.

The first discovery made in hydrostatics since the time of Archimedes is due to Stevinus.

Hallam.

Hydrostatic balance, a balance for weighing substances in water, for the purpose of ascertaining their specific gravities. -- Hydrostatic bed, a water bed. -- Hydrostatic bellows, an apparatus consisting of a water-tight bellowslike case with a long, upright tube, into which water may be poured to illustrate the hydrostatic paradox. -- Hydrostatic paradox, the proposition in hydrostatics that any quantity of water, however small, may be made to counterbalance any weight, however great; or the law of the equality of pressure of fluids in all directions. -- Hydrostatic press, a machine in which great force, with slow motion, is communicated to a large plunger by means of water forced into the cylinder in which it moves, by a forcing pump of small diameter, to which the power is applied, the principle involved being the same as in the hydrostatic bellows. Also called hydraulic press, and Bramah press. In the illustration, a is a pump with a small plunger b, which forces the water into the cylinder c, thus driving upward the large plunder d, which performs the reduced work, such as compressing cotton bales, etc.

Hy`dro*stat"ic*al*ly, adv. According to hydrostatics, or to hydrostatic principles. Bentley.

Hy`dro*sta*ti"cian (?), n. One who is versed or skilled in hydrostatics. [R.]

Hy`dro*stat"ics (?), n. [Cf. F. hydrostatique.] (Physics) The branch of science which relates to the pressure and equilibrium of nonelastic fluids, as water, mercury, etc.; the principles of statics applied to water and other liquids.

Hy`dro*sul"phate (?), n. (Chem.) Same as Hydrosulphurent.

Hy`dro*sul"phide (?), n. (Chem.) One of a series of compounds, derived from hydrogen sulphide by the replacement of half its hydrogen by a base or basic radical; as, potassium hydrosulphide, KSH. The hydrosulphides are analogous to the hydrates and include the mercaptans.

Hy`dro*sul"phite (?), n. (Chem.) A saline compound of hydrosulphurous acid and a base. [R.]

Hy`dro*sul"phu*ret (?), n. (Chem.) A hydrosulphide. [Archaic]

Hy`dro*sul"phu*ret`ed (?), a. (Chem.) Combined with hydrogen sulphide.

Hy`dro*sul*phu"ric (?), a. [Hydro- , 2 + sulphuric.] (Chem.) Pertaining to, or derived from, hydrogen and sulphur; as, hydrosulphuric acid, a designation applied to the solution of hydrogen sulphide in water.

Hy`dro*sul"phur*ous (?), a. (Chem.) Pertaining to, or designating, an acid obtained by the reduction of sulphurous acid. See Hyposulphurous acid, under Hyposulphurous.

Hy`dro*tel"lu*rate (?), n. (Chem.) A salt formed by the union of hydrotelluric acid and the base.

Hy`dro*tel*lu"ric (?), a. [Hydro- , 2 + telluric.] (Chem.) Formed by hydrogen and tellurium; as, hydrotelluric acid, or hydrogen telluride.

||Hy`dro*the"ca (?), n.; pl. L. HydrothecÊ (#), E. Hydrothecas (#). ||[NL., fr. E. hydra + Gr. &?; a box.] (Zoˆl.) One of the calicles ||which, in some Hydroidea (Thecaphora), protect the hydrants. See ||Illust. of Hydroidea, and Campanularian.

Hy`dro*ther"a*py (?), n. [Hydro- , 1 + therapy.] (Med.) See Hydropathy.

Hy`dro*ther"mal (?), a. [Hydro-, 1 + thermal.] Of or pertaining to hot water; -- used esp. with reference to the action of heated waters in dissolving, redepositing, and otherwise producing mineral changes within the crust of the globe.

Hy`dro*tho"rax (?), n. [Hydro-, 1 + thorax.] (Med.) An accumulation of serous fluid in the cavity of the chest.

Hy*drot"ic (?), a. [Gr. "y`dwr water: cf. Gr. &?; moisture, F. hydrotique.] Causing a discharge of water or phlegm. -- n. (Med.) A hydrotic medicine.

Hy*drot"ic*al (?), a. Hydrotic.

Hy"dro*trope (?), n. [Hydro-, 1 + Gr. &?; to turn, direct.] A device for raising water by the direct action of steam; a pulsometer.

Hy`dro*trop"ic (?), a. [See Hydrotrope.] (Bot.) Turning or bending towards moisture, as roots.

Hy*drot"ro*pism (?), n. (Bot.) A tendency towards moisture.

Hy"drous (?), a. [Gr. "y`dwr water.] 1. Containing water; watery.

2. (Chem.) Containing water of hydration or crystallization.

Hy`dro*xan"thane (?), n. (Chem.) A persulphocyanate. [Obs.]

Hy`dro*xan"thic (?), a. [Hydro-, 2 + xanthic.] (Chem.) Persulphocyanic.

Hy*drox"ide (?), n. [Hydro-, 2 + oxide.] (Chem.) A hydrate; a substance containing hydrogen and oxygen, made by combining water with an oxide, and yielding water by elimination. The hydroxides are regarded as compounds of hydroxyl, united usually with basic element or radical; as, calcium hydroxide ethyl hydroxide.

Hy*drox"y- (?). (Chem.) A combining form, also used adjectively, indicating hydroxyl as an ingredient.

Hydroxy acid (Chem.), an organic acid, having (besides the hydroxyl group of the carboxyl radical) an alcoholic hydroxyl group, and thus having the qualities of an alcohol in addition to its acid properties; as, lactic and tartaric acids are hydroxy acids.

Hy*drox"yl (?), n. [Hydro-, 2 + oxygen + -yl.] (Chem.) A compound radical, or unsaturated group, HO, consisting of one atom of hydrogen and one of oxygen. It is a characteristic part of the hydrates, the alcohols, the oxygen acids, etc.

Hy*drox`yl*am"ine (?), n. [Hydroxyl + amine.] (Chem.) A nitrogenous, organic base, NH2.OH, resembling ammonia, and produced by a modified reduction of nitric acid. It is usually obtained as a volatile, unstable solution in water. It acts as a strong reducing agent.

||Hy`dro*zo"a (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. E. hydra + Gr. &?; an animal.] ||(Zoˆl.) The AcalephÊ; one of the classes of cúlenterates, including ||the Hydroidea, Discophora, and Siphonophora.

Hy`dro*zo"al (?), a. (Zoˆl.) Of or pertaining to the Hydrozoa.

||Hy`dro*zo"ˆn (?), n.; pl. L. Hydrozoa (#), E. Hydrozoˆns (#). [NL.] ||(Zoˆl.) One of the Hydrozoa.

Hy"dru*ret (?), n. [Hydro-, 2] (Chem.) A binary compound of hydrogen; a hydride. [Obs.]

||Hy"drus (?), n. [L., a water serpent; also, a certain constellation, ||Gr. "y`dros.] (Astron.) A constellation of the southern hemisphere, ||near the south pole.

Hye (?), n. & v. See Hie. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Hy*e"mal (?), a. [L. hyemalis, or better hiemalis, fr. hyems, hiems, winter: cf. F. hyÈmal.] Belonging to winter; done in winter. Sir T. Browne.

Hy"e*mate (?), v. i. [L. hiemare, hiematum. See Hyemal.] To pass the winter. [Obs. & R.]

Hy`e*ma"tion (?), n. [L. hiematio.] 1. The passing of a winter in a particular place; a wintering.

2. The act of affording shelter in winter. [Obs.]

Hy"en (?), n. [F. hyËne.] A hyena. [Obs.] Shak.

Hy*e"na (?), n.; pl. Hyenas (#). [L. hyaena, Gr. &?;, orig., a sow, but usually, a Libyan wild beast, prob., the hyena, fr. &?; hog: cf. F. hyËne. See Sow female hog.] (Zoˆl.) Any carnivorous mammal of the family HyÊnidÊ, of which three living species are known. They are large and strong, but cowardly. They feed chiefly on carrion, and are nocturnal in their habits. [Written also hyÊna.]

The striped hyena (HyÊna striata) inhabits Southern Asia and a large part of Africa. The brown hyena (H. brunnea), and the spotted hyena (Crocuta maculata), are found in Southern Africa. The extinct cave hyena (H. spelÊa) inhabited England and France.

Cave hyena. See under Cave. -- Hyena dog (Zoˆl.), a South African canine animal (Lycaon venaticus), which hunts in packs, chiefly at night. It is smaller than the common wolf, with very large, erect ears, and a bushy tail. Its color is reddish or yellowish brown, blotched with black and white. Called also hunting dog.

Hy"e*tal (?), a. [Gr. &?; rain, from &?; to rain.] Of or pertaining to rain; descriptive of the distribution of rain, or of rainy regions.

Hy"e*to*graph (?), n. [Gr. &?; rain + -graph.] A chart or graphic representation of the average distribution of rain over the surface of the earth.

Hy`e*to*graph"ic (?), a. Of or pertaining to to hyetography.

Hy`e*tog"ra*phy (?), n. The branch of physical science which treats of the geographical distribution of rain.

Hy*ge"ia (?), n. [L. Hygea, Hygia, fr. Gr. &?;, &?;, health, &?;, Hygeia, fr. &?; sound, healthy.] (Classic Myth.) The goddess of health, daughter of Esculapius.

Hy*ge"ian (?), a. Relating to Hygeia, the goddess of health; of or pertaining to health, or its preservation.

Hy"ge*ist (?), n. One skilled in hygiena; a hygienist.

Hy"gie*ist (?), n. A hygienist.

Hy"gi*ene (?), n. [F. hygiËne. See Hygeia.] That department of sanitary science which treats of the preservation of health, esp. of households and communities; a system of principles or rules designated for the promotion of health.

Hy`gi*en"ic (?), a. [Cf. F. hygiÈnique.] Of or pertaining to health or hygiene; sanitary.

Hy`gi*en"ics, n. The science of health; hygiene.

Hy"gi*en*ism (?), n. Hygiene.

Hy"gi*en*ist, n. One versed in hygiene.

Hy`gi*ol"o*gy (?), n. [Gr. &?; health + -logy.] A treatise on, or the science of, the preservation of health. [R.]

Hy"grine (?), n. [From Gr. &?; moist.] (Chem.) An alkaloid associated with cocaine in coca leaves (Erythroxylon coca), and extracted as a thick, yellow oil, having a pungent taste and odor.

Hy"gro*deik (?), n. [Gr. &?; wet, moist, and &?; to show.] (Physics) A form of hygrometer having wet and dry bulb thermometers, with an adjustable index showing directly the percentage of moisture in the air, etc.

Hy"gro*graph (?), n. [Gr. &?; wet + -graph.] (Physics) An instrument for recording automatically the variations of the humidity of the atmosphere.

Hy*grol"o*gy (?), n. [Gr. &?; wet + -logy: cf. F. hygrologie.] (Med.) The science which treats of the fluids of the body.

Hy*grom"e*ter (?), n. [Gr. &?; wet, moist + -meter: cf. F. hygromËtre.] (Physics) An instrument for measuring the degree of moisture of the atmosphere.

Daniell's hygrometer, a form of hygrometer consisting of a bent glass tube terminating in two bulbs, the one covered with muslin, the other of black glass, and containing ether and a thermometer. Ether being poured on the muslin, the black ball, cooled by the evaporation of the ether within, is soon covered with dew; at this moment, the inclosed thermometer gives the dew-point, and this, compared with the reading of one in the air, determines the humidity.

{ Hy`gro*met"ric (?), Hy`gro*met"ric*al (?), } a. [Cf. F. hygromÈtrique.] 1. Of or pertaining to hygrometry; made with, or according to, the hygrometer; as, hygrometric observations.

2. Readily absorbing and retaining moisture; as, hygrometric substances, like potash.

Hy*grom"e*try (?), n. [Cf. F. hygromÈtrie.] (Physics) That branch of physics which relates to the determination of the humidity of bodies, particularly of the atmosphere, with the theory and use of the instruments constructed for this purpose.

Hy*groph"a*nous (?), a. [Gr. &?; wet + &?; to show.] Having such a structure as to be diaphanous when moist, and opaque when dry.

Hy`groph*thal"mic (?), a. [Gr. &?; wet + E. ophthalmic.] (Anat.) Serving to moisten the eye; -- sometimes applied to the lachrymal ducts.

Hy"gro*plasm (?), n. [Gr. &?; wet + &?; form, mold.] (Biol.) The fluid portion of the cell protoplasm, in opposition to stereoplasm, the solid or insoluble portion. The latter is supposed to be partly nutritive and partly composed of idioplasm.

Hy"gro*scope (?), n. [Gr. &?; wet + -scope: cf. F. hygroscope.] (Physics) An instrument which shows whether there is more or less moisture in the atmosphere, without indicating its amount.

Hy`gro*scop"ic (?), a. [Cf. F. hygroscopique.] 1. Of or pertaining to, or indicated by, the hygroscope; not readily manifest to the senses, but capable of detection by the hygroscope; as, glass is often covered with a film of hygroscopic moisture.

2. Having the property of readily inbibing moisture from the atmosphere, or of the becoming coated with a thin film of moisture, as glass, etc.

Hy`gro*sco*pic"i*ty (?), n. (Bot.) The property possessed by vegetable tissues of absorbing or discharging moisture according to circumstances.

Hy`gro*stat"ics (?), n. [Gr. &?; wet + &?;. See Statics.] The science or art of comparing or measuring degrees of moisture. Evelyn.

Hyke (?), n. See Haik, and Huke.

{ Hy"lÊ*o*saur` (?), ||Hy`lÊ*o*sau"rus (?), } n. [NL. hylaeosaurus, fr. Gr. &?; belonging to a forest (fr. &?; wood) + &?; a lizard.] (Paleon.) A large Wealden dinosaur from the Tilgate Forest, England. It was about twenty feet long, protected by bony plates in the skin, and armed with spines.

Hy*lar"chi*cal (?), a. [Gr. &?; wood, matter + &?;: cf. F. hylarchique. See Archical.] Presiding over matter. [Obs.] Hallywell.

Hy"le*o*saur" (?), n. Same as HylÊosaur.

Hyl"ic (?), a. Of or pertaining to matter; material; corporeal; as, hylic influences.

Hy"li*cist (?), n. [Gr. &?; adj., material, fr. &?; wood, matter.] A philosopher who treats chiefly of matter; one who adopts or teaches hylism.

<! p. 719 !>

Hy"lism (?), n. [Gr. &?; wood, matter.] (Metaph.) A theory which regards matter as the original principle of evil.

Hy"lo*bate (?), n. [Gr. &?; one that walks or inhabits the woods: &?; a wood + &?; to go.] (Zoˆl.) Any species of the genus Hylobates; a gibbon, or long-armed ape. See Gibbon.

||Hy*lo"des (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. &?; woody, wooded, muddy; &?; a wood ||+ &?; form.] (Zoˆl.) The piping frog (Hyla Pickeringii), a small ||American tree frog, which in early spring, while breeding in swamps ||and ditches, sings with high, shrill, but musical, notes.

Hy"lo*ism (?), n. Same as Hylotheism.

Hy"lo*ist, n. [Gr. &?; wood, matter.] Same as Hylotheist.

Hy*lop"a*thism (?), n. [Gr. &?; matter + &?;, &?;, to suffer.] The doctrine that matter is sentient. Krauth-Fleming.

Hy*lop"a*thist (?), n. One who believes in hylopathism.

Hy*loph"a*gous (?), a. [Gr. &?; wood + &?; to eat.] (Zoˆl.) Eating green shoots, as certain insects do.

Hy"lo*the*ism (?), n. [Gr. &?; wood, matter + &?; God.] The doctrine of belief that matter is God, or that there is no God except matter and the universe; pantheism. See Materialism.

Hy"lo*the*ist, n. One who believes in hylotheism.

Hy`lo*zo"ic (?), a. Of or pertaining to hylozoism.

Hy`lo*zo"ism (?), n. [Gr. &?; wood, matter + &?; life, fr. &?; to live: cf. F. hylozoÔsme.] The doctrine that matter possesses a species of life and sensation, or that matter and life are inseparable. [R.] Cudworth.

Hy`lo*zo"ist, n. A believer in hylozoism. A. Tucker.

Hy*mar" (?), n. (Zoˆl.) The wild ass of Persia.

Hy"men (?), n. [Gr. &?; skin, membrane.] (Anat.) A fold of muscous membrane often found at the orifice of the vagina; the vaginal membrane.

Hy"men, n. [L., fr. Gr. &?;.] 1. (Class Myth.) A fabulous deity; according to some, the son of Apollo and Urania, according to others, of Bacchus and Venus. He was the god of marriage, and presided over nuptial solemnities.

Till Hymen brought his love-delighted hour, There dwelt no joy in Eden's rosy bower.

Campbell.

2. Marriage; union as if by marriage.

Hymen of element and race.

Emerson.

{ Hy`me*ne"al (?), Hy`me*ne"an (?), } a. [L. hymeneius, a., also Hymenaeus, n., Hymen, Gr. &?; the wedding song, also &?; Hymen: cf. F. hymÈnÈal, hymÈnÈen.] Of or pertaining to marriage; as, hymeneal rites. Pope.

{ Hy`me*ne"al, Hy`me*ne"an, } n. A marriage song. Milton.

||Hy*me"ni*um (?), n.; pl. L. Hymenia (#), E. Hymeniums (#). [NL., fr. ||Gr. &?; a membrane.] (Bot.) The spore-bearing surface of certain ||fungi, as that on the gills of a mushroom.

Hy`me*nog"e*ny (?), n. [Gr. &?; a membrane + root of &?; to be born.] The production of artificial membranes by contact of two fluids, as albumin and fat, by which the globules of the latter are surrounded by a thin film of the former.

||Hy`me*no*my*ce"tes (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. &?; a membrane + &?;, ||&?;, a mushroom.] (Bot.) One of the great divisions of fungi, ||containing those species in which the hymenium is completely exposed. ||M. J. Berkley.

Hy*men"o*phore (?), n. [Gr. &?; a membrane + &?; to bear.] (Bot.) That part of a fungus which is covered with the hymenium.

Hy`me*nop"ter (?), n. [Cf. F. hymÈnoptËre.] (Zoˆl.) One of the Hymenoptera.

||Hy`me*nop"te*ra (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. &?; membrane-winged; &?; ||skin, membrane + &?; wing.] (Zoˆl.) An extensive order of insects, ||including the bees, ants, ichneumons, sawflies, etc.

They have four membranous wings, with few reticulations, and usually with a thickened, dark spot on the front edge of the anterior wings. In most of the species, the tongue, or lingua, is converted into an organ for sucking honey, or other liquid food, and the mandibles are adapted for biting or cutting. In one large division (Aculeata), including the bees, wasps, and ants, the females and workers usually have a sting, which is only a modified ovipositor.

{ Hy`me*nop"ter*al (?), Hy`me*nop"ter*ous (?), } a. (Zoˆl.) Like, or characteristic of, the Hymenoptera; pertaining to the Hymenoptera.

Hy`me*nop"ter*an (?), n. (Zoˆl.) One of the Hymenoptera.

Hymn (hm), n. [OE. hympne, ympne, F. hymne, OF. also ymne, L. hymnus, Gr. &?;; perh. akin to &?; web, &?; to weave, and so to E. weave.] An ode or song of praise or adoration; especially, a religious ode, a sacred lyric; a song of praise or thanksgiving intended to be used in religious service; as, the Homeric hymns; Watts' hymns.

Admonishing one another in psalms and hymns.

Col. iii. 16.

Where angels first should practice hymns, and string Their tuneful harps.

Dryden.

Hymn book, a book containing a collection of hymns, as for use in churches; a hymnal.

Hymn (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Hymned (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Hymning (?).] [Cf. L. hymnire, Gr. &?;.] To praise in song; to worship or extol by singing hymns; to sing.

To hymn the bright of the Lord.

Keble.

Their praise is hymned by loftier harps than mine.

Byron.

Hymn, v. i. To sing in praise or adoration. Milton.

Hym"nal (?), n. A collection of hymns; a hymn book.

Hym"nic (?), a. [Cf. F. hymnique.] Relating to hymns, or sacred lyrics. Donne.

Hymn"ing (?), a. Praising with hymns; singing. "The hymning choir." G. West.

Hymn"ing, n. The singing of hymns. Milton.

Hym"nist (?), n. A writer of hymns.

Hym"no*dy (?), n. [Gr. &?;; &?; a hymn + &?; a song, a singing.] Hymns, considered collectively; hymnology.

Hym*nog"ra*pher (?), n. 1. One who writes on the subject of hymns.

2. A writer or composed of hymns.

Hym*nog"ra*phy (?), n. [Gr. &?; hymn + graphy.] The art or act of composing hymns.

Hym*nol"o*gist (?), n. A composer or compiler of hymns; one versed in hymnology. Busby.

Hym*nol"o*gy (?), n. [Gr. &?; hymn + -logy: cf. F. hymnologie.] 1. The hymns or sacred lyrics composed by authors of a particular country or period; as, the hymnology of the eighteenth century; also, the collective body of hymns used by any particular church or religious body; as, the Anglican hymnology.

2. A knowledge of hymns; a treatise on hymns.

Hymp"ne (?), n. A hymn. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Hynd"reste (?), a. See Hinderest. [Obs.]

Hyne (?), n. A servant. See Hine. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Hy"o- (?). [See Hyod.] A prexif used in anatomy, and generally denoting connection with the hyoid bone or arch; as, hyoglossal, hyomandibular, hyomental, etc.

||Hy`o*ga*noi"de*i (?), n. pl. [NL. See Hyo-, and Canoidei.] (Zoˆl.) A ||division of ganoid fishes, including the gar pikes and bowfins. -- ||Hy`o*ga"noid (#), a.

Hy`o*glos"sal (?), a. [Hyo- + Gr. &?; tongue.] (Anat.) (a) Pertaining to or connecting the tongue and hyodean arch; as, the hyoglossal membrane. (b) Of or pertaining to the hyoglossus muscle.

||Hy`o*glos"sus (?), n. [NL., fr. hyo- hyo- + Gr. glw^ssa tongue.] ||(Anat.) A flat muscle on either side of the tongue, connecting it ||with the hyoid bone.

Hy"oid (?), a. [Gr. &?; fr. the letter + &?; form: cf. F. hyoÔde.] 1. Having the form of an arch, or of the Greek letter upsilon [].

2. (Anat.) Of or pertaining to the bony or cartilaginous arch which supports the tongue. Sometimes applied to the tongue itself.

Hyoid arch (Anat.), the arch of cartilaginous or bony segments, which connects the base of the tongue with either side of the skull. -- Hyoid bone (Anat.), the bone in the base of the tongue, the middle part of the hyoid arch.

Hy"oid, n. The hyoid bone.

{ Hy*oid"e*al (?), Hy*oid"e*an (?), } a. Same as Hyoid, a.

Hy`o*man*dib"u*lar (?), a. [Hyo- + mandibular.] (Anat.) Pertaining both to the hyoidean arch and the mandible or lower jaw; as, the hyomandibular bone or cartilage, a segment of the hyoid arch which connects the lower jaw with the skull in fishes. -- n. The hyomandibular bone or cartilage.

Hy`o*men"tal (?), a. [Hyo- + mental of the chin.] (Anat.) Between the hyoid bone and the lower jaw, pertaining to them; suprahyoid; submaxillary; as, the hyomental region of the front of the neck.

Hy`o*pas"tron (?), n. [Hyo- + plastron.] (Zoˆl.) The second lateral plate in the plastron of turtles; -- called also hyosternum.

Hy*os"cine (?), n. [See Hyoscyamus.] (Chem.) An alkaloid found with hyoscyamine (with which it is also isomeric) in henbane, and extracted as a white, amorphous, semisolid substance.

Hy`os*cy"a*mine (?), n. [See Hyoscyamus.] (Chem.) An alkaloid found in henbane (Hyoscyamus niger), and regarded as its active principle. It is also found with other alkaloids in the thorn apple and deadly nightshade. It is extracted as a white crystalline substance, with a sharp, offensive taste. Hyoscyamine is isomeric with atropine, is very poisonous, and is used as a medicine for neuralgia, like belladonna. Called also hyoscyamia, duboisine, etc.

||Hy`os*cy"a*mus (?), n. [L., fr. Gr. &?;; &?; a sow, hog + &?; a ||bean.] 1. (Bot.) A genus of poisonous plants of the Nightshade ||family; henbane.

2. (Med.) The leaves of the black henbane (Hyoscyamus niger), used in neuralgic and pectorial troubles.

Hy`o*ster"nal (?), a. [Hyo- + ternal.] (Anat.) (a) Between the hyoid bone and the sternum, or pertaining to them; infrahyoid; as, the hyosternal region of the neck. (b) Pertaining to the hyosternum of turtles.

||Hy`o*ster"num (?), n. [Hyo- + sternum.] (Anat.) See Hyoplastron.

Hy`o*styl"ic (?), a. [Hyo- + Gr. &?; a pillar.] (Anat.) Having the mandible suspended by the hyomandibular, or upper part of the hyoid arch, as in fishes, instead of directly articulated with the skull as in mammals; -- said of the skull.

Hyp (?), n. An abbreviation of hypochonaria; -- usually in plural. [Colloq.]

Heaven send thou hast not got the hyps.

Swift.

Hyp, v. t. To make melancholy. [Colloq.] W. Irving.

{ Hy*pÊ"thral, Hy*pe"thral (?) }, a. [L. hypaethrus in the open air, uncovered, Gr. &?;; &?; under + &?; ether, the clear sky.] (Arch.) Exposed to the air; wanting a roof; -- applied to a building or part of a building. Gwilt.

Hy*pal"la*ge (?), n. [L., fr. Gr. &?;, prop., interchange, exchange, fr, &?; to interchange; &?; under + &?; to change.] (Gram.) A figure consisting of a transference of attributes from their proper subjects to others. Thus Virgil says, "dare classibus austros," to give the winds to the fleets, instead of dare classibus austris, to give the fleets to the winds.

The hypallage, of which Virgil is fonder than any other writer, is much the gravest fault in language.

Landor.

||Hy*pan"thi*um (?), n.; pl. L. Hypanthia (#), E. Hypanthiums (#). ||[NL., fr. Gr. "ypo beneath + 'a`nqos flower.] (Bot.) A fruit ||consisting in large part of a receptacle, enlarged below the calyx, ||as in the Calycanthus, the rose hip, and the pear.