Chapter 51

Dock, n. [Akin to D. dok; of uncertain origin; cf. LL. doga ditch, L. doga ditch, L. doga sort of vessel, Gr. &?; receptacle, fr. &?; to receive.] 1. An artificial basin or an inclosure in connection with a harbor or river, -- used for the reception of vessels, and provided with gates for keeping in or shutting out the tide.

2. The slip or water way extending between two piers or projecting wharves, for the reception of ships; -- sometimes including the piers themselves; as, to be down on the dock.

3. The place in court where a criminal or accused person stands.

Balance dock, a kind of floating dock which is kept level by pumping water out of, or letting it into, the compartments of side chambers. -- Dry dock, a dock from which the water may be shut or pumped out, especially, one in the form of a chamber having walls and floor, often of masonry and communicating with deep water, but having appliances for excluding it; -- used in constructing or repairing ships. The name includes structures used for the examination, repairing, or building of vessels, as graving docks, floating docks, hydraulic docks, etc. -- Floating dock, a dock which is made to become buoyant, and, by floating, to lift a vessel out of water. -- Graving dock, a dock for holding a ship for graving or cleaning the bottom, etc. -- Hydraulic dock, a dock in which a vessel is raised clear of the water by hydraulic presses. -- Naval dock, a dock connected with which are naval stores, materials, and all conveniences for the construction and repair of ships. -- Sectional dock, a form of floating dock made in separate sections or caissons. -- Slip dock, a dock having a sloping floor that extends from deep water to above high-water mark, and upon which is a railway on which runs a cradle carrying the ship. -- Wet dock, a dock where the water is shut in, and kept at a given level, to facilitate the loading and unloading of ships; -- also sometimes used as a place of safety; a basin.

Dock (?), v. t. To draw, law, or place (a ship) in a dock, for repairing, cleaning the bottom, etc.

Dock"age (?), n. A charge for the use of a dock.

Dock"-cress` (?), n. (Bot.) Nipplewort.

Dock"et (?), n. [Dock to cut off + dim. suffix -et.] 1. A small piece of paper or parchment, containing the heads of a writing; a summary or digest.

2. A bill tied to goods, containing some direction, as the name of the owner, or the place to which they are to be sent; a label. Bailey.

3. (Law) (a) An abridged entry of a judgment or proceeding in an action, or register or such entries; a book of original, kept by clerks of courts, containing a formal list of the names of parties, and minutes of the proceedings, in each case in court. (b) (U. S.) A list or calendar of causes ready for hearing or trial, prepared for the use of courts by the clerks.

4. A list or calendar of business matters to be acted on in any assembly.

On the docket, in hand; in the plan; under consideration; in process of execution or performance. [Colloq.]

Dock"et, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Docketed; p. pr. & vb. n. Docketing.] 1. To make a brief abstract of (a writing) and indorse it on the back of the paper, or to indorse the title or contents on the back of; to summarize; as, to docket letters and papers. Chesterfield.

2. (Law) (a) To make a brief abstract of and inscribe in a book; as, judgments regularly docketed. (b) To enter or inscribe in a docket, or list of causes for trial.

3. To mark with a ticket; as, to docket goods.

Dock"yard` (?), n. A yard or storage place for all sorts of naval stores and timber for shipbuilding.

||Doc`o*glos"sa (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. &?; a beam + &?; the tongue.] (Zoöl.) An order of gastropods, including the true limpets, and having the teeth on the odontophore or lingual ribbon.

Doc"quet (?), n. & v. See Docket.

Doc"tor (?), n. [OF. doctur, L. doctor, teacher, fr. docere to teach. See Docile.] 1. A teacher; one skilled in a profession, or branch of knowledge; a learned man. [Obs.]

One of the doctors of Italy, Nicholas Macciavel.

Bacon.

2. An academical title, originally meaning a man so well versed in his department as to be qualified to teach it. Hence: One who has taken the highest degree conferred by a university or college, or has received a diploma of the highest degree; as, a doctor of divinity, of law, of medicine, of music, or of philosophy. Such diplomas may confer an honorary title only.

3. One duly licensed to practice medicine; a member of the medical profession; a physician.

By medicine life may be prolonged, yet death Will seize the doctor too.

Shak.

4. Any mechanical contrivance intended to remedy a difficulty or serve some purpose in an exigency; as, the doctor of a calico-printing machine, which is a knife to remove superfluous coloring matter; the doctor, or auxiliary engine, called also donkey engine.

5. (Zoöl.) The friar skate. [Prov. Eng.]

Doctors' Commons. See under Commons. -- Doctor's stuff, physic, medicine. G. Eliot. -- Doctor fish (Zoöl.), any fish of the genus Acanthurus; the surgeon fish; -- so called from a sharp lancetlike spine on each side of the tail. Also called barber fish. See Surgeon fish.

Doc"tor, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Doctored (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Doctoring.] 1. To treat as a physician does; to apply remedies to; to repair; as, to doctor a sick man or a broken cart. [Colloq.]

2. To confer a doctorate upon; to make a doctor.

3. To tamper with and arrange for one's own purposes; to falsify; to adulterate; as, to doctor election returns; to doctor whisky. [Slang]

Doc"tor, v. i. To practice physic. [Colloq.]

Doc"tor*al, a. [Cf. F. doctoral.] Of or relating to a doctor, or to the degree of doctor.

Doctoral habit and square cap.

Wood.

Doc"tor*al*ly, adv. In the manner of a doctor.[R.]

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Doc"tor*ate (?), n. [Cf. F. doctorat.] The degree, title, or rank, of a doctor.

Doc"tor*ate (?), v. t. To make (one) a doctor.

He was bred . . . in Oxford and there doctorated.

Fuller.

Doc"tor*ess, n. A female doctor.[R.]

Doc"tor*ly, a. Like a doctor or learned man. [Obs.] "Doctorly prelates." Foxe.

Doc"tor*ship, n. Doctorate. [R.] Clarendon.

Doc"tress (?), n. A female doctor. [R.]

Doc"tri*na*ble (?), a. Of the nature of, or constituting, doctrine. [Obs.] Sir P. Sidney.

||Doc`tri*naire" (?), n. [F. See Doctrine.] One who would apply to political or other practical concerns the abstract doctrines or the theories of his own philosophical system; a propounder of a new set of opinions; a dogmatic theorist. Used also adjectively; as, doctrinaire notions.

In french history, the Doctrinaires were a constitutionalist party which originated after the restoration of the Bourbons, and represented the interests of liberalism and progress. After the Revolution of July, 1830, when they came into power, they assumed a conservative position in antagonism with the republicans and radicals. Am. Cyc.

Doc"tri*nal (dk"tr*nal), a. [LL. doctrinalis, fr. L. doctrina: cf. F. doctrinal. See Doctrine.] 1. Pertaining to, or containing, doctrine or something taught and to be believed; as, a doctrinal observation. "Doctrinal clauses." Macaulay.

2. Pertaining to, or having to do with, teaching.

The word of God serveth no otherwise than in the nature of a doctrinal instrument.

Hooker.

Doc"tri*nal, n. A matter of doctrine; also, a system of doctrines. T. Goodwin. Sir T. Elyot.

Doc"tri*nal*ly, adv. In a doctrinal manner or form; by way of teaching or positive direction.

Doc"tri*na"ri*an (?), n. A doctrinaire. J. H. Newman.

Doc`tri*na"ri*an*ism (?), n. The principles or practices of the Doctrinaires.

Doc"trine (dk"trn), n. [F. doctrine, L. doctrina, fr. doctor. See Doctor.] 1. Teaching; instruction.

He taught them many things by parables, and said unto them in his doctrine, Hearken.

Mark iv. 2.

2. That which is taught; what is held, put forth as true, and supported by a teacher, a school, or a sect; a principle or position, or the body of principles, in any branch of knowledge; any tenet or dogma; a principle of faith; as, the doctrine of atoms; the doctrine of chances. "The doctrine of gravitation." I. Watts.

Articles of faith and doctrine.

Hooker.

The Monroe doctrine (Politics), a policy enunciated by President Monroe (Message, Dec. 2, 1823), the essential feature of which is that the United States will regard as an unfriendly act any attempt on the part of European powers to extend their systems on this continent, or any interference to oppress, or in any manner control the destiny of, governments whose independence had been acknowledged by the United States.

Syn. -- Precept; tenet; principle; maxim; dogma. -- Doctrine, Precept. Doctrine denotes whatever is recommended as a speculative truth to the belief of others. Precept is a rule down to be obeyed. Doctrine supposes a teacher; precept supposes a superior, with a right to command. The doctrines of the Bible; the precepts of our holy religion.

Unpracticed he to fawn or seek for power By doctrines fashioned to the varying hour.

Goldsmith.

Doc"u*ment (-*ment), n. [LL. documentum, fr. docere to teach: cf. F. document. See Docile.] 1. That which is taught or authoritatively set forth; precept; instruction; dogma. [Obs.]

Learners should not be too much crowded with a heap or multitude of documents or ideas at one time.

I. Watts.

2. An example for instruction or warning. [Obs.]

They were forth with stoned to death, as a document to others.

Sir W. Raleigh.

3. An original or official paper relied upon as the basis, proof, or support of anything else; -- in its most extended sense, including any writing, book, or other instrument conveying information in the case; any material substance on which the thoughts of men are represented by any species of conventional mark or symbol.

Saint Luke . . . collected them from such documents and testimonies as he . . . judged to be authentic.

Paley.

Doc"u*ment, v. t. 1. To teach; to school. [Obs.]

I am finely documented by my own daughter.

Dryden.

2. To furnish with documents or papers necessary to establish facts or give information; as, a ship should be documented according to the directions of law.

Doc`u*men"tal (?), a. 1. Of or pertaining to instruction. [Obs.] Dr. H. More.

2. Of or pertaining to written evidence; documentary; as, documental testimony.

Doc`u*men"ta*ry (?), a. Pertaining to written evidence; contained or certified in writing. "Documentary evidence." Macaulay.

{ Dodd, Dod (?) }, v. t. [OE. dodden.] To cut off, as wool from sheep's tails; to lop or clip off. Halliwell.

Dod"dart (?), n. A game much like hockey, played in an open field; also, the, bent stick for playing the game. [Local, Eng.] Halliwell.

Dod"ded, a. [See Dodd.] Without horns; as, dodded cattle; without beards; as, dodded corn. Halliwell.

Dod"der (?), n. [Cf. Dan. dodder, Sw. dodra, G. dotter.] (Bot.) A plant of the genus Cuscuta. It is a leafless parasitical vine with yellowish threadlike stems. It attaches itself to some other plant, as to flax, goldenrod, etc., and decaying at the root, is nourished by the plant that supports it.

Dod"der, v. t. & i. [Cf. AS. dyderian to deceive, delude, and E. didder, dudder.] To shake, tremble, or totter. "The doddering mast." Thomson.

Dod"dered (?), a. Shattered; infirm. "A laurel grew, doddered with age." Dryden.

Do*dec"a*gon (?), n. [Gr. &?; twelve + &?; angle: cf. F. dodécagone.] (Geom.) A figure or polygon bounded by twelve sides and containing twelve angles.

||Do*dec`a*gyn"i*a (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. &?; twelve + &?; woman, female.] (Bot.) A Linnæan order of plants having twelve styles.

{ Do*dec`a*gyn"i*an (?), Do`de*cag"y*nous (?), } a. (Bot.) Of or pertaining to the Dodecagynia; having twelve styles.

Do*dec`a*he"dral (?), a. Pertaining to, or like, a dodecahedion; consisting of twelve equal sides.

Dodecahedral cleavage. See under Cleavage.

Do*dec`a*he"dron (?), n. [Gr. &?;; &?; twelve + &?; seat, bottom, base: cf. F. dodécaèdre.] (Geom. & Crystallog.) A solid having twelve faces.

The regular dodecahedron is bounded by twelve equal and regular pentagons; the pyritohedron (see Pyritohedron) is related to it; the rhombic dodecahedron is bounded by twelve equal rhombic faces.

||Do`de*can"dri*a (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. &?; twelve + &?;, &?;, man, male.] (Bot.) A Linnæan class of plants including all that have any number of stamens between twelve and nineteen.

{ Do`de*can"dri*an (?), Do`de*can"drous (?), } a. (Bot.) Of or pertaining to the Dodecandria; having twelve stamens, or from twelve to nineteen.

Do"de*cane (?), n. [Gr. &?; twelve.] (Chem.) Any one of a group of thick oily hydrocarbons, C12H26, of the paraffin series.

Do*dec"a*style (?), a. [Gr. &?; twelve + &?; column: cf. F. dodécastyle.] (Arch.) Having twelve columns in front. -- n. A dodecastyle portico, or building.

Do*dec`a*syl*lab"ic (?), a. [Gr. &?; twelve + E. syllabic.] Having twelve syllables.

Do*dec"a*syl`la*ble (?), n. A word consisting of twelve syllables.

Do*dec`a*tem"o*ry (?), n. [Gr. &?;; &?; twelve + &?;, dim. of &?; part: cf. F. dodécatémorie.] (Astron.) A tern applied to the twelve houses, or parts, of the zodiac of the primum mobile, to distinguish them from the twelve signs; also, any one of the twelve signs of the zodiac.

Dodge (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Dodged (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Dodging.] [Of uncertain origin: cf. dodder, v., daddle, dade, or dog, v. t.] 1. To start suddenly aside, as to avoid a blow or a missile; to shift place by a sudden start. Milton.

2. To evade a duty by low craft; to practice mean shifts; to use tricky devices; to play fast and loose; to quibble.

Some dodging casuist with more craft than sincerity.

Milton.

Dodge, v. t. 1. To evade by a sudden shift of place; to escape by starting aside; as, to dodge a blow aimed or a ball thrown.

2. Fig.: To evade by craft; as, to dodge a question; to dodge responsibility. [Colloq.] S. G. Goodrich.

3. To follow by dodging, or suddenly shifting from place to place. Coleridge.

Dodge, n. The act of evading by some skillful movement; a sudden starting aside; hence, an artful device to evade, deceive, or cheat; a cunning trick; an artifice. [Colloq.]

Some, who have a taste for good living, have many harmless arts, by which they improve their banquet, and innocent dodges, if we may be permitted to use an excellent phrase that has become vernacular since the appearance of the last dictionaries.

Thackeray.

Dodg"er (?), n. 1. One who dodges or evades; one who plays fast and loose, or uses tricky devices. Smart.

2. A small handbill. [U. S.]

3. See Corndodger.

Dodg"er*y (?), n. trickery; artifice. [Obs.] Hacket.

{ Dod"i*pate (?), Dod"i*poll (?), } n. [Perh. fr. OE. dodden to cut off, to shear, and first applied to shaven-polled priests.] A stupid person; a fool; a blockhead.

Some will say, our curate is naught, an ass-head, a dodipoll.

Latimer.

Dod"kin (?), n. [D. duitken, dim. of duit. See Doit, and cf. Doitkin.] A doit; a small coin. Shelton.

Dod"man (?), n. 1. A snail; also, a snail shell; a hodmandod. [Obs. or Prov. Eng.] Nares.

2. (Zoöl.) Any shellfish which casts its shell, as a lobster. [Prov. Eng.]

Do"do (?), n.; pl. Dodoes (#). [Said to be fr. Pg. doudo silly, foolish (cf. Booby); this is fr. Prov. E. dold, the same word as E. dolt.] (Zoöl.) A large, extinct bird (Didus ineptus), formerly inhabiting the Island of Mauritius. It had short, half-fledged wings, like those of the ostrich, and a short neck and legs; -- called also dronte. It was related to the pigeons.

Doe (d), n. [AS. d; cf. Dan. daa, daa-dyr, deer, and perh. L. dama. &radic;66.] (Zoöl.) A female deer or antelope; specifically, the female of the fallow deer, of which the male is called a buck. Also applied to the female of other animals, as the rabbit. See the Note under Buck.

Doe (d), n. A feat. [Obs.] See Do, n. Hudibras.

Dœg"lic (?), a. Pertaining to, or obtained from, the dœgling; as, dœglic acid (Chem.), an oily substance resembling oleic acid.

||Dœg"ling (?), n. [Native name in Faroe Islands.] (Zoöl.) The beaked whale (Balænoptera rostrata), from which dœgling oil is obtained.

Do"er (?), n. [From Do, v. t. & i.] 1. One who does; one who performs or executes; one who is wont and ready to act; an actor; an agent.

The doers of the law shall be justified.

Rom. ii. 13.

2. (Scots Law) An agent or attorney; a factor. Burrill.

Does (dz). The 3d pers. sing. pres. of Do.

Doe"skin` (?), n. 1. The skin of the doe.

2. A firm woolen cloth with a smooth, soft surface like a doe's skin; -- made for men's wear.

Doff (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Doffed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Doffing.] [Do + off. See Do, v. t., 7.] 1. To put off, as dress; to divest one's self of; hence, figuratively, to put or thrust away; to rid one's self of.

And made us doff our easy robes of peace.

Shak.

At night, or in the rain, He dons a surcoat which he doffs at morn.

Emerson.

2. To strip; to divest; to undress.

Heaven's King, who doffs himself our flesh to wear.

Crashaw.

Doff, v. i. To put off dress; to take off the hat.

Doff"er (?), n. (Mach.) A revolving cylinder, or a vibrating bar with teeth, in a carding machine, which doffs, or strips off, the cotton from the cards. Ure.

Dog (dg), n. [AS. docga; akin to D. dog mastiff, Dan. dogge, Sw. dogg.] 1. (Zoöl.) A quadruped of the genus Canis, esp. the domestic dog (C. familiaris). The dog is distinguished above all others of the inferior animals for intelligence, docility, and attachment to man. There are numerous carefully bred varieties, as the beagle, bloodhound, bulldog, coachdog, collie, Danish dog, foxhound, greyhound, mastiff, pointer, poodle, St. Bernard, setter, spaniel, spitz dog, terrier, etc. There are also many mixed breeds, and partially domesticated varieties, as well as wild dogs, like the dingo and dhole. (See these names in the Vocabulary.)

2. A mean, worthless fellow; a wretch.

What is thy servant, which is but a dog, that he should do this great thing?

2 Kings viii. 13 (Rev. Ver. )

3. A fellow; -- used humorously or contemptuously; as, a sly dog; a lazy dog. [Colloq.]

4. (Astron.) One of the two constellations, Canis Major and Canis Minor, or the Greater Dog and the Lesser Dog. Canis Major contains the Dog Star (Sirius).

5. An iron for holding wood in a fireplace; a firedog; an andiron.

6. (Mech.) (a) A grappling iron, with a claw or claws, for fastening into wood or other heavy articles, for the purpose of raising or moving them. (b) An iron with fangs fastening a log in a saw pit, or on the carriage of a sawmill. (c) A piece in machinery acting as a catch or clutch; especially, the carrier of a lathe, also, an adjustable stop to change motion, as in a machine tool.

Dog is used adjectively or in composition, commonly in the sense of relating to, or characteristic of, a dog. It is also used to denote a male; as, dog fox or g-fox, a male fox; dog otter or dog-otter, dog wolf, etc.; -- also to denote a thing of cheap or mean quality; as, dog Latin.

A dead dog, a thing of no use or value. 1 Sam. xxiv. 14. -- A dog in the manger, an ugly-natured person who prevents others from enjoying what would be an advantage to them but is none to him. -- Dog ape (Zoöl.), a male ape. -- Dog cabbage, or Dog's cabbage (Bot.), a succulent herb, native to the Mediterranean region (Thelygonum Cynocrambe). -- Dog cheap, very cheap. See under Cheap. -- Dog ear (Arch.), an acroterium. [Colloq.] -- Dog flea (Zoöl.), a species of flea (Pulex canis) which infests dogs and cats, and is often troublesome to man. In America it is the common flea. See Flea, and Aphaniptera. -- Dog grass (Bot.), a grass (Triticum caninum) of the same genus as wheat. -- Dog Latin, barbarous Latin; as, the dog Latin of pharmacy. -- Dog lichen (Bot.), a kind of lichen (Peltigera canina) growing on earth, rocks, and tree trunks, - - a lobed expansion, dingy green above and whitish with fuscous veins beneath. -- Dog louse (Zoöl.), a louse that infests the dog, esp. Hæmatopinus piliferus; another species is Trichodectes latus. -- Dog power, a machine operated by the weight of a dog traveling in a drum, or on an endless track, as for churning. -- Dog salmon (Zoöl.), a salmon of northwest America and northern Asia; -- the gorbuscha; -- called also holia, and hone. -- Dog shark. (Zoöl.) See Dogfish. -- Dog's meat, meat fit only for dogs; refuse; offal. -- Dog Star. See in the Vocabulary. -- Dog wheat (Bot.), Dog grass. -- Dog whelk (Zoöl.), any species of univalve shells of the family Nassidæ, esp. the Nassa reticulata of England. -- To give, or throw, to the dogs, to throw away as useless. "Throw physic to the dogs; I'll none of it." Shak. -- To go to the dogs, to go to ruin; to be ruined.

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Dog (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Dogged (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Dogging.] To hunt or track like a hound; to follow insidiously or indefatigably; to chase with a dog or dogs; to worry, as if by dogs; to hound with importunity.

I have been pursued, dogged, and waylaid.

Pope.

Your sins will dog you, pursue you.

Burroughs.

Eager ill-bred petitioners, who do not so properly supplicate as hunt the person whom they address to, dogging him from place to place, till they even extort an answer to their rude requests.

South.

Do"gal (?), a. [LL. dogalis for ducalis. See Doge.] Of or pertaining to a doge.[R.]

Do"gate (?), n. [Cf. F. dogat, It. dogato. See Doge, and cf. Dogeate.] The office or dignity of a doge.

Dog"bane` (?), n. [Said to be poisonous to dogs. Cf. Apocynaceous.] (Bot.) A small genus of perennial herbaceous plants, with poisonous milky juice, bearing slender pods pods in pairs.

Dog" bee` (?). A male or drone bee. Halliwell.

Dog"ber`ry (?), n. (Bot.) The berry of the dogwood; -- called also dogcherry. Dr. Prior.

Dogberry tree (Bot.), the dogwood.

Dog"bolt` (?), n. (Gun.) The bolt of the cap-square over the trunnion of a cannon. Knight.

Dog"-bri`er (?), n. (Bot.) The dog-rose.

Dog"cart` (?), n. A light one- horse carriage, commonly two-wheeled, patterned after a cart. The original dogcarts used in England by sportsmen had a box at the back for carrying dogs.

{ Dog" day` or Dog"day` (?) }. One of the dog days.

Dogday cicada (Zoöl.), a large American cicada (C. pruinosa), which trills loudly in midsummer.

Dog" days` (?). A period of from four to six weeks, in the summer, variously placed by almanac makers between the early part of July and the early part of September; canicular days; -- so called in reference to the rising in ancient times of the Dog Star (Sirius) with the sun. Popularly, the sultry, close part of the summer.

The conjunction of the rising of the Dog Star with the rising of the sun was regarded by the ancients as one of the causes of the sultry heat of summer, and of the maladies which then prevailed. But as the conjunction does not occur at the same time in all latitudes, and is not constant in the same region for a long period, there has been much variation in calendars regarding the limits of the dog days. The astronomer Roger Long states that in an ancient calendar in Bede (died 735) the beginning of dog days is placed on the 14th of July; that in a calendar prefixed to the Common Prayer, printed in the time of Queen Elizabeth, they were said to begin on the 6th of July and end on the 5th of September; that, from the Restoration (1660) to the beginning of New Style (1752), British almanacs placed the beginning on the 19th of July and the end on the 28th of August; and that after 1752 the beginning was put on the 30th of July, the end on the 7th of September. Some English calendars now put the beginning on July 3d, and the ending on August 11th. A popular American almanac of the present time (1890) places the beginning on the 25th of July, and the end on the 5th of September.

Dog"draw` (?), n. (Eng. Forest Law) The act of drawing after, or pursuing, deer with a dog. Cowell.