Chapter 46

Dis`si*mil"i*tude (?), n. [L. dissimilitudo, fr. dissimilis: cf. F. dissimilitude.] 1. Want of resemblance; unlikeness; dissimilarity.

Dissimilitude between the Divinity and images.

Stillingfleet.

2. (Rhet.) A comparison by contrast; a dissimile.

Dis*sim"u*late (?), a. [L. dissimulatus, p. p. of dissimulare. See Dissemble.] Feigning; simulating; pretending. [Obs.] Henryson.

Dis*sim"u*late (?), v. i. To dissemble; to feign; to pretend.

Dis*sim`u*la"tion (?), n. [L. dissimulatio: cf. F. dissimulation.] The act of dissembling; a hiding under a false appearance; concealment by feigning; false pretension; hypocrisy.

Let love be without dissimulation.

Rom. xii. 9.

Dissimulation . . . when a man lets fall signs and arguments that he is not that he is.

Bacon.

Simulation is a pretense of what is not, and dissimulation a concealment of what is.

Tatler.

Dis*sim"u*la`tor (?), n. [L.] One who dissimulates; a dissembler.

Dis*sim"ule (?), v. t. & i. [F. dissimuler. See Dissimulate.] To dissemble. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Dis*sim"u*ler (?), n. A dissembler. [Obs.]

Dis*sim"u*lour (?), n. [OF. dissimuleur.] A dissembler. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Dis"si*pa*ble (?), a. [L. dissipabilis.] Capable of being scattered or dissipated. [R.]

The heat of those plants is very dissipable.

Bacon.

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Dis"si*pate (ds"s*pt), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Dissipated; p. pr. & vb. n. Dissipating.] [L. dissipatus, p. p. of dissipare; dis- + an obsolete verb sipare, supare. to throw.] 1. To scatter completely; to disperse and cause to disappear; -- used esp. of the dispersion of things that can never again be collected or restored.

Dissipated those foggy mists of error.

Selden.

I soon dissipated his fears.

Cook.

The extreme tendency of civilization is to dissipate all intellectual energy.

Hazlitt.

2. To destroy by wasteful extravagance or lavish use; to squander.

The vast wealth . . . was in three years dissipated.

Bp. Burnet.

Syn. -- To disperse; scatter; dispel; spend; squander; waste; consume; lavish.

Dis"si*pate, v. i. 1. To separate into parts and disappear; to waste away; to scatter; to disperse; to vanish; as, a fog or cloud gradually dissipates before the rays or heat of the sun; the heat of a body dissipates.

2. To be extravagant, wasteful, or dissolute in the pursuit of pleasure; to engage in dissipation.

Dis"si*pa`ted (ds"s*p`td), a. 1. Squandered; scattered. "Dissipated wealth." Johnson.

2. Wasteful of health, money, etc., in the pursuit of pleasure; dissolute; intemperate.

A life irregular and dissipated.

Johnson.

Dis`si*pa"tion (?), n. [L. dissipatio: cf. F. dissipation.] 1. The act of dissipating or dispersing; a state of dispersion or separation; dispersion; waste.

Without loss or dissipation of the matter.

Bacon.

The famous dissipation of mankind.

Sir M. Hale.

2. A dissolute course of life, in which health, money, etc., are squandered in pursuit of pleasure; profuseness in vicious indulgence, as late hours, riotous living, etc.; dissoluteness.

To reclaim the spendthrift from his dissipation and extravagance.

P. Henry.

3. A trifle which wastes time or distracts attention.

Prevented from finishing them [the letters] a thousand avocations and dissipations.

Swift.

Dissipation of energy. Same as Degradation of energy, under Degradation.

Dis"si*pa*tive (?), a. Tending to dissipate.

Dissipative system (Mech.), an assumed system of matter and motions in which forces of friction and resistances of other kinds are introduced without regard to the heat or other molecular actions which they generate; -- opposed to conservative system.

Dis`si*pa*tiv"i*ty (?), n. The rate at which palpable energy is dissipated away into other forms of energy.

Dis"site (?), a. [L. dissitus.] Lying apart. [Obs.]

Lands far dissite and remote asunder.

Holland.

Dis*slan"der (?), v. t. [Pref. dis- (intens.) + slander.] To slander. [Obs.] Legend of Dido.

Dis*slan"der, n. Slander. [Obs.] E. Hall.

Dis*slan"der*ous (?), a. Slanderous. [Obs.]

Dis*so`cia*bil"i*ty (?), n. Want of sociability; unsociableness. Bp. Warburton.

Dis*so"cia*ble (?), a. [L. dissociabilis, fr. dissociare: cf. F. dissociable. See Dissociate.] 1. Not well associated or assorted; incongruous.

They came in two and two, though matched in the most dissociable manner.

Spectator.

2. Having a tendency to dissolve social connections; unsuitable to society; unsociable.

Dis*so"cial (?), a. [Pref. dis- + social: cf. L. dissocialis. See Dissociate, v. t.] Unfriendly to society; contracted; selfish; as, dissocial feelings.

Dis*so"cial*ize (?), v. t. To render unsocial.

Dis*so"ci*ate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Dissociated; p. pr. & vb. n. Dissociating.] [L. dissociatus, p. p. of dissociare to dissociate; dis- + sociare to unite, associate, socius companion. See Social.] To separate from fellowship or union; to disunite; to disjoin; as, to dissociate the particles of a concrete substance.

Before Wyclif's death in 1384, John of Gaunt had openly dissociated himself from the reformer.

A. W. Ward.

Dis*so`ci*a"tion (?; 106), n. [L. dissociatio: cf. F. dissociation.] 1. The act of dissociating or disuniting; a state of separation; disunion.

It will add infinitely dissociation, distraction, and confusion of these confederate republics.

Burke.

2. (Chem.) The process by which a compound body breaks up into simpler constituents; -- said particularly of the action of heat on gaseous or volatile substances; as, the dissociation of the sulphur molecules; the dissociation of ammonium chloride into hydrochloric acid and ammonia.

Dis*so"ci*a*tive (?), a. Tending or leading to dissociation.

Dis`so*lu*bil"i*ty (?), n. The quality of being dissoluble; capacity of being dissoluble; capacity of being dissolved by heat or moisture, and converted into a fluid.

Dis"so*lu*ble (?), a. [L. dissolubilis: cf. F. dissoluble. See Dissolve, and cf. Dissolvable.] 1. Capable of being dissolved; having its parts separable by heat or moisture; convertible into a fluid. Woodward.

2. Capable of being disunited.

Dis"so*lu*ble*ness, n. The quality of being dissoluble; dissolubility. Boyle.

Dis"so*lute (?), a. [L. dissolutus, p. p. of dissolvere: cf. F. dissolu. See Dissolve.] 1. With nerves unstrung; weak. [Obs.] Spenser.

2. Loosed from restraint; esp., loose in morals and conduct; recklessly abandoned to sensual pleasures; profligate; wanton; lewd; debauched. "A wild and dissolute soldier." Motley.

Syn. -- Uncurbed; unbridled; disorderly; unrestrained; reckless; wild; wanton; vicious; lax; licentious; lewd; rakish; debauched; profligate.

Dis"so*lute*ly (?), adv. In a dissolute manner.

Dis"so*lute*ness, n. State or quality of being dissolute; looseness of morals and manners; addictedness to sinful pleasures; debauchery; dissipation.

Chivalry had the vices of dissoluteness.

Bancroft.

Dis`so*lu"tion (?), n. [OE. dissolucioun dissoluteness, F. dissolution, fr. L. dissolutio, fr. dissolvere. See Dissolve.] 1. The act of dissolving, sundering, or separating into component parts; separation.

Dissolutions of ancient amities.

Shak.

2. Change from a solid to a fluid state; solution by heat or moisture; liquefaction; melting.

3. Change of form by chemical agency; decomposition; resolution.

The dissolution of the compound.

South.

4. The dispersion of an assembly by terminating its sessions; the breaking up of a partnership.

Dissolution is the civil death of Parliament.

Blackstone.

5. The extinction of life in the human body; separation of the soul from the body; death.

We expected Immediate dissolution.

Milton.

6. The state of being dissolved, or of undergoing liquefaction.

A man of continual dissolution and thaw.

Shak.

7. The new product formed by dissolving a body; a solution. Bacon.

8. Destruction of anything by the separation of its parts; ruin.

To make a present dissolution of the world.

Hooker.

9. Corruption of morals; dissipation; dissoluteness. [Obs. or R.] Atterbury.

Dis*solv`a*bil"i*ty (?), n. Capacity of being dissolved; solubility. Richardson.

Dis*solv"a*ble (?), a. [From Dissolve, cf. Dissoluble.] Capable of being dissolved, or separated into component parts; capable of being liquefied; soluble. -- Dis*solv"a*ble*ness, n.

Though everything which is compacted be in its own nature dissolvable.

Cudworth.

Such things as are not dissolvable by the moisture of the tongue.

Sir I. Newton.

Dis*solv"a*tive (?), n. Having the power to dissolve anything; solvent. [Obs.] Frampton.

Dis*solve" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Dissolved (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Dissolving.] [L. dissolvere, dissolutum; dis- + solvere to loose, free. See Solve, and cf. Dissolute.] 1. To separate into competent parts; to disorganize; to break up; hence, to bring to an end by separating the parts, sundering a relation, etc.; to terminate; to destroy; to deprive of force; as, to dissolve a partnership; to dissolve Parliament.

Lest his ungoverned rage dissolve the life.

Shak.

2. To break the continuity of; to disconnect; to disunite; to sunder; to loosen; to undo; to separate.

Nothing can dissolve us.

Shak.

Down fell the duke, his joints dissolved asunder.

Fairfax.

For one people to dissolve the political bands which have connected them with another.

The Declaration of Independence.

3. To convert into a liquid by means of heat, moisture, etc.,; to melt; to liquefy; to soften.

As if the world were all dissolved to tears.

Shak.

4. To solve; to clear up; to resolve. "Dissolved the mystery." Tennyson.

Make interpretations and dissolve doubts.

Dan. v. 16.

5. To relax by pleasure; to make powerless.

Angels dissolved in hallelujahs lie.

Dryden.

6. (Law) To annul; to rescind; to discharge or release; as, to dissolve an injunction.

Syn. -- See Adjourn.

Dis*solve", v. i. 1. To waste away; to be dissipated; to be decomposed or broken up.

2. To become fluid; to be melted; to be liquefied.

A figure Trenched in ice, which with an hour's heat Dissolves to water, and doth lose his form.

Shak.

3. To fade away; to fall to nothing; to lose power.

The charm dissolves apace.

Shak.

Dis*solv"ent (?), a. [L. dissolvens, -entis, p. pr. of dissolvere.] Having power to dissolve power to dissolve a solid body; as, the dissolvent juices of the stomach. Ray.

Dis*solv"ent, n. 1. That which has the power of dissolving or melting other substances, esp. by mixture with them; a menstruum; a solvent.

Melted in the crucible dissolvents.

A. Smith.

The secret treaty of December acted as an immediate dissolvent to the truce.

Mothley.

2. (Med.) A remedy supposed capable of dissolving concretions in the body, such as calculi, tubercles, etc.

Dis*solv"er (?), n. One who, or that which, has power to dissolve or dissipate.

Thou kind dissolver of encroaching care.

Otway.

Dis*solv"ing, a. Melting; breaking up; vanishing. -- Dis*solv"ing*ly, adv.

Dissolving view, a picture which grows dim and is gradually replaced by another on the same field; -- an effect produced by magic lanterns.

Dis"so*nance (?), n. [L. dissonantia: cf. F. dissonance.] 1. A mingling of discordant sounds; an inharmonious combination of sounds; discord.

Filled the air with barbarous dissonance.

Milton.

2. Want of agreement; incongruity. Milton.

Dis"so*nan*cy (?), n. Discord; dissonance.

Dis"so*nant (?), a. [L. dissonans, -antis, p. pr. of dissonare to disagree in sound, be discordant; dis- + sonare to sound: cf. F. dissonant. See Sonant.] 1. Sounding harshly; discordant; unharmonious.

With clamor of voices dissonant and loud.

Longfellow.

2. Disagreeing; incongruous; discrepant, -- with from or to. "Anything dissonant to truth." South.

What can be dissonant from reason and nature than that a man, naturally inclined to clemency, should show himself unkind and inhuman?

Hakewill.

Dis*spir"it (?), v. t. See Dispirit.

Dis*suade" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Dissuaded; p. pr. & vb. n. Dissuading.] [L. dissuadere, dissuasum; dis- + suadere to advise, persuade: cf. F. dissuader. See Suasion.] 1. To advise or exhort against; to try to persuade (one from a course). [Obsolescent]

Mr. Burchell, on the contrary, dissuaded her with great ardor: and I stood neuter.

Goldsmith.

War, therefore, open or concealed, alike My voice dissuades.

Milton.

2. To divert by persuasion; to turn from a purpose by reasons or motives; -- with from; as, I could not dissuade him from his purpose.

I have tried what is possible to dissuade him.

Mad. D' Arblay.

Dis*suad"er (?), n. One who dissuades; a dehorter.

Dis*sua"sion (?), n. [L. dissuasio: cf. F. dissuasion. See Dissuade.] 1. The act of dissuading; exhortation against a thing; dehortation.

In spite of all the dissuasions of his friends.

Boyle.

2. A motive or consideration tending to dissuade; a dissuasive.

Dis*sua"sive (?), a. Tending to dissuade or divert from a measure or purpose; dehortatory; as, dissuasive advice. -- n. A dissuasive argument or counsel; dissuasion; dehortation. Prynne. -- Dis*sua"sive*ly, adv.

Dis*sua"so*ry (?), n. A dissuasive. [R.]

This virtuous and reasonable person, however, has ill luck in all his dissuasories.

Jeffrey.

Dis*sun"der (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Dissundered (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Dissundering.] [Pref. dis- (intens) + sunder.] To separate; to sunder; to destroy. [R.] Chapman.

Dis*sweet"en (?), v. t. To deprive of sweetness. [R.] Bp. Richardson.

Dis`syl*lab"ic (ds`sl*lb"k), a. [Cf. F. dissyllabique. See Dissylable.] Consisting of two syllables only; as, a dissyllabic foot in poetry. B. Jonson.

Dis`syl*lab`i*fi*ca"tion (?), n. A forming into two syllables.

Dis`syl*lab"i*fy (?), v. t. [Dissyllable + -fly.] To form into two syllables. Ogilvie.

Dis*syl"la*bize (?), v. t. To form into two syllables; to dissyllabify.

Dis*syl"la*ble (?; 277), n. [F. dissyllabe, L. disyllabus, adj., of two syllables, fr. Gr. &?;; di- = di`s- twice + &?; syllable. See Syllable.] A word of two syllables; as, pa- per.

Dis`sym*met"ric*al (?), a. Not having symmetry; asymmetrical; unsymmetrical.

Dis*sym"me*try (?), n. [Pref. dis- + symmetry.] Absence or defect of symmetry; asymmetry.

Dis*sym"pa*thy (?), n. Lack of sympathy; want of interest; indifference. [R.]

Dis"tad (?), adv. [Distal + L. ad toward.] (Anat.) Toward a distal part; on the distal side of; distally.

Dis"taff (?), n.; pl. Distaffs (#), rarely Distaves (#). [OE. distaf, dysestafe, AS. distaef; cf. LG. diesse the bunch of flax on a distaff, and E. dizen. See Staff.] 1. The staff for holding a bunch of flax, tow, or wool, from which the thread is drawn in spinning by hand.

I will the distaff hold; come thou and spin.

Fairfax.

2. Used as a symbol of the holder of a distaff; hence, a woman; women, collectively.

His crown usurped, a distaff on the throne.

Dryden.

Some say the crozier, some say the distaff was too busy.

Howell.

The plural is regular, but Distaves occurs in Beaumont & Fletcher.

Descent by distaff, descent on the mother's side. -- Distaff Day, or Distaff's Day, the morrow of the Epiphany, that is, January 7, because working at the distaff was then resumed, after the Christmas festival; -- called also Rock Day, a distaff being called a rock. Shipley.

Dis*tain" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Distained (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Distaining.] [OE. desteinen, OF. desteindre to take away the color, F. déteindre; pref. des- (L. dis-) + F. teindre to tinge, dye, L. tingere. See Tinge, and cf. Stain.] To tinge with a different color from the natural or proper one; to stain; to discolor; to sully; to tarnish; to defile; -- used chiefly in poetry. "Distained with dirt and blood." Spenser.

[She] hath . . . distained her honorable blood.

Spenser.

The worthiness of praise distains his worth.

Shak.

Dis"tal (?), a. [From Distant.] (Physiol.) (a) Remote from the point of attachment or origin; as, the distal end of a bone or muscle; -- opposed to proximal. (b) Pertaining to that which is distal; as, the distal tuberosities of a bone.

Dis"tal*ly, adv. (Anat.) Toward a distal part.

Dis"tance (?), n. [F. distance, L. distantia.] 1. The space between two objects; the length of a line, especially the shortest line joining two points or things that are separate; measure of separation in place.

Every particle attracts every other with a force . . . inversely proportioned to the square of the distance.

Sir I. Newton.

2. Remoteness of place; a remote place.

Easily managed from a distance.

W. Irving.

'T is distance lends enchantment to the view.

T. Campbell.

[He] waits at distance till he hears from Cato.

Addison.

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3. (Racing) A space marked out in the last part of a race course.

The horse that ran the whole field out of distance.

L'Estrange.

In trotting matches under the rules of the American Association, the distance varies with the conditions of the race, being 80 yards in races of mile heats, best two in three, and 150 yards in races of two-mile heats. At that distance from the winning post is placed the distance post. If any horse has not reached this distance post before the first horse in that heat has reached the winning post, such horse is distanced, and disqualified for running again during that race.

4. (Mil.) Relative space, between troops in ranks, measured from front to rear; -- contrasted with interval, which is measured from right to left. "Distance between companies in close column is twelve yards." Farrow.

5. Space between two antagonists in fencing. Shak.

6. (Painting) The part of a picture which contains the representation of those objects which are the farthest away, esp. in a landscape.

In a picture, the Middle distance is the central portion between the foreground and the distance or the extreme distance. In a perspective drawing, the Point of distance is the point where the visual rays meet.

7. Ideal disjunction; discrepancy; contrariety. Locke.

8. Length or interval of time; period, past or future, between two eras or events.

Ten years' distance between one and the other.

Prior.

The writings of Euclid at the distance of two thousand years.

Playfair.

9. The remoteness or reserve which respect requires; hence, respect; ceremoniousness.

I hope your modesty Will know what distance to the crown is due.

Dryden.

'T is by respect and distance that authority is upheld.

Atterbury.

10. A withholding of intimacy; alienation; coldness; disagreement; variance; restraint; reserve.

Setting them [factions] at distance, or at least distrust amongst themselves.

Bacon.

On the part of Heaven, Now alienated, distance and distaste.

Milton.

11. Remoteness in succession or relation; as, the distance between a descendant and his ancestor.

12. (Mus.) The interval between two notes; as, the distance of a fourth or seventh.

Angular distance, the distance made at the eye by lines drawn from the eye to two objects. -- Lunar distance. See under Lunar. -- North polar distance (Astron.), the distance on the heavens of a heavenly body from the north pole. It is the complement of the declination. -- Zenith distance (Astron.), the arc on the heavens from a heavenly body to the zenith of the observer. It is the complement of the altitude. -- To keep one's distance, to stand aloof; to refrain from familiarity.

If a man makes me keep my distance, the comfort is he keeps his at the same time.

Swift.

Dis"tance (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Distanced (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Distancing (?).] 1. To place at a distance or remotely.

I heard nothing thereof at Oxford, being then miles distanced thence.

Fuller.

2. To cause to appear as if at a distance; to make seem remote.

His peculiar art of distancing an object to aggrandize his space.

H. Miller.

3. To outstrip by as much as a distance (see Distance, n., 3); to leave far behind; to surpass greatly.

He distanced the most skillful of his contemporaries.

Milner.

Dis"tan*cy (?), n. Distance. [Obs.] Dr. H. More.

Dis"tant (?), a. [F., fr. L. distans, -antis, p. pr. of distare to stand apart, be separate or distant; dis- + stare to stand. See Stand.] 1. Separated; having an intervening space; at a distance; away.

One board had two tenons, equally distant.

Ex. xxxvi. 22.

Diana's temple is not distant far.

Shak.

2. Far separated; far off; not near; remote; -- in place, time, consanguinity, or connection; as, distant times; distant relatives.

The success of these distant enterprises.

Prescott.

3. Reserved or repelling in manners; cold; not cordial; somewhat haughty; as, a distant manner.

He passed me with a distant bow.

Goldsmith.

4. Indistinct; faint; obscure, as from distance.

Some distant knowledge.

Shak.

A distant glimpse.

W. Irving.

5. Not conformable; discrepant; repugnant; as, a practice so widely distant from Christianity.

Syn. -- Separate; far; remote; aloof; apart; asunder; slight; faint; indirect; indistinct.

Dis*tan"tial (?), a. Distant. [Obs.]

More distantial from the eye.

W. Montagu.

Dis"tant*ly (?), adv. At a distance; remotely; with reserve.

Dis*taste" (?), n. 1. Aversion of the taste; dislike, as of food or drink; disrelish. Bacon.

2. Discomfort; uneasiness.

Prosperity is not without many fears and distastes, and adversity is not without comforts and hopes.

Bacon.

3. Alienation of affection; displeasure; anger.

On the part of Heaven, Now alienated, distance and distaste.

Milton.

Syn. -- Disrelish; disinclination; dislike; aversion; displeasure; dissatisfaction; disgust.

Dis*taste", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Distasted; p. pr. & vb. n. Distasting.] 1. Not to have relish or taste for; to disrelish; to loathe; to dislike.

Although my will distaste what it elected.

Shak.

2. To offend; to disgust; to displease. [Obs.]

He thought in no policy to distaste the English or Irish by a course of reformation, but sought to please them.

Sir J. Davies.

3. To deprive of taste or relish; to make unsavory or distasteful. Drayton.

Dis*taste" (?), v. i. To be distasteful; to taste ill or disagreeable. [Obs.]

Dangerous conceits are, in their natures, poisons, Which at the are scarce found to distaste.

Shak.

Dis*taste"ful (?), a. 1. Unpleasant or disgusting to the taste; nauseous; loathsome.

2. Offensive; displeasing to the feelings; disagreeable; as, a distasteful truth.

Distasteful answer, and sometimes unfriendly actions.

Milton.

3. Manifesting distaste or dislike; repulsive. "Distasteful looks." Shak.

Syn. -- Nauseous; unsavory; unpalatable; offensive; displeasing; dissatisfactory; disgusting.

- Dis*taste"ful*ly, adv. -- Dis*taste"ful*ness, n.

Dis*taste"ive (?), a. Tending to excite distaste. [Obs.] -- n. That which excites distaste or aversion. [Obs.] Whitlock.

Dis*tas"ture (?; 135), n. Something which excites distaste or disgust. [Obs.] Speed.

Dis*tem"per (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Distempered (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Distempering.] [OF. destemprer, destremper, to distemper, F. détremper to soak, soften, slake (lime); pref. des- (L. dis-) + OF. temprer, tremper, F. tremper, L. temperare to mingle in due proportion. See Temper, and cf. Destemprer.] 1. To temper or mix unduly; to make disproportionate; to change the due proportions of. [Obs.]

When . . . the humors in his body ben distempered.

Chaucer.

2. To derange the functions of, whether bodily, mental, or spiritual; to disorder; to disease. Shak.

The imagination, when completely distempered, is the most incurable of all disordered faculties.

Buckminster.

3. To deprive of temper or moderation; to disturb; to ruffle; to make disaffected, ill-humored, or malignant. "Distempered spirits." Coleridge.

4. To intoxicate. [R.]

The courtiers reeling, And the duke himself, I dare not say distempered, But kind, and in his tottering chair carousing.

Massinger.

5. (Paint.) To mix (colors) in the way of distemper; as, to distemper colors with size. [R.]

Dis*tem"per, n. [See Distemper, v. t., and cf. Destemprer.] 1. An undue or unnatural temper, or disproportionate mixture of parts. Bacon.