Chapter 93

Cramp, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Cramped (kr&?;mt; 215); p. pr. & vb. n. Cramping.] 1. To compress; to restrain from free action; to confine and contract; to hinder.

The mind my be as much cramped by too much knowledge as by ignorance. Layard.

2. To fasten or hold with, or as with, a cramp.

3. Hence, to bind together; to unite.

The . . . fabric of universal justic is well cramped and bolted together in all its parts. Burke.

4. To form on a cramp; as, to cramp boot legs.

5. To afflict with cramp.

When the gout cramps my joints. Ford.

To cramp the wheels of wagon, to turn the front wheels out of line with the hind wheels, so that one of them shall be against the body of the wagon.

Cramp, a. [See Cramp, n.] Knotty; difficult. [R.]

Care being taken not to add any of the cramp reasons for this opinion. Coleridge.

Cram"pet (kr?m"p?t), n. [See Cramp,n.] (Mil.) A cramp iron or cramp ring; a chape, as of a scabbard. [Written also crampit and crampette.]

Cramp"fish` (kr?mp"f?sh`), n. (Zo÷l.) The torpedo, or electric ray, the touch of which gives an electric shock. See Electric fish, and Torpedo.

Cramp" i`ron (?`rn). See Cramp, n., 2.

Cram"pit (krăm"p&ibreve;t), n. (Mil.) See Crampet.

||Cram"pon (krăm"p&obreve;n), n. [F. See Crampoons.] (Bot.) An aŰrial rootlet for support in climbing, as of ivy.

Cram`po*nee" (krăm`p?-n?"), a. [F. cramponnÚ. See Crampoons.] (Her.) Having a cramp or square piece at the end; -- said of a cross so furnished.

Cram*poons" (krăm*p&oomac;nz"), n. pl. [F. crampon, fr. OHG. chramph crooked; akin to G. krampf cramp. See Cramp,n., and cf. Crampon.] 1. A clutch formed of hooked pieces of iron, like double calipers, for raising stones, lumber, blocks of ice, etc.

2. Iron instruments with sharp points, worn on the shoes to assist in gaining or keeping a foothold.

Cramp"y (krămp"&ybreve;), 1. Affected with cramp.

2. Productive of, or abounding in, cramps. "This crampy country." Howitt.

{ Cran (krăn), Crane (krān) }, n. [Scot., fr. Gael. crann.] A measure for fresh herrings, -- as many as will fill a barrel. [Scot.] H. Miller.

Cran"age (krān"&asl;j), n. [See Crane.] 1. The liberty of using a crane, as for loading and unloading vessels.

2. The money or price paid for the use of a crane.

Cran"ber*ry (krăn"b&ebreve;r*r&ybreve;), n.; pl. Cranberries (- r&ibreve;z). [So named from its fruit being ripe in the spring when the cranes return. Dr. Prior.] (Bot.) A red, acid berry, much used for making sauce, etc.; also, the plant producing it (several species of Vaccinum or Oxycoccus.) The high cranberry or cranberry tree is a species of Viburnum (V. Opulus), and the other is sometimes called low cranberry or marsh cranberry to distinguish it.

Cranch (kr?nch), v. t. See Craunch.

Crane (krān), n. [AS. cran; akin to D. & LG. craan, G. kranich, krahn (this in sense 2), Gr. ge`ranos, L. grus, W. & Armor. garan, OSlav. zerav&ibreve;, Lith. gerve, Icel. trani, Sw. trana, Dan. trane. √24. Cf. Geranium.] 1. (Zo÷l.) A wading bird of the genus Grus, and allied genera, of various species, having a long, straight bill, and long legs and neck.

&fist; The common European crane is Grus cinerea. The sand-hill crane (G. Mexicana) and the whooping crane (G. Americana) are large American species. The Balearic or crowned crane is Balearica pavonina. The name is sometimes erroneously applied to the herons and cormorants.

2. A machine for raising and lowering heavy weights, and, while holding them suspended, transporting them through a limited lateral distance. In one form it consists of a projecting arm or jib of timber or iron, a rotating post or base, and the necessary tackle, windlass, etc.; -- so called from a fancied similarity between its arm and the neck of a crane See Illust. of Derrick.

3. An iron arm with horizontal motion, attached to the side or back of a fireplace, for supporting kettles, etc., over a fire.

4. A siphon, or bent pipe, for drawing liquors out of a cask.

5. (Naut.) A forked post or projecting bracket to support spars, etc., -- generally used in pairs. See Crotch, 2.

Crane fly (Zo÷l.), a dipterous insect with long legs, of the genus Tipula. -- Derrick crane. See Derrick. -- Gigantic crane. (Zo÷l.) See Adjutant, n., 3. -- Traveling crane, Traveler crane, Traversing crane (Mach.), a crane mounted on wheels; esp., an overhead crane consisting of a crab or other hoisting apparatus traveling on rails or beams fixed overhead, as in a machine shop or foundry. -- Water crane, a kind of hydrant with a long swinging spout, for filling locomotive tenders, water carts, etc., with water.

Crane (krān), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Craned (krānd); p. pr. & vb. n. Craning.] 1. To cause to rise; to raise or lift, as by a crane; -- with up. [R.]

What engines, what instruments are used in craning up a soul, sunk below the center, to the highest heavens. Bates.

An upstart craned up to the height he has. Massinger.

2. To stretch, as a crane stretches its neck; as, to crane the neck disdainfully. G. Eliot.

crane, v. i. to reach forward with head and neck, in order to see better; as, a hunter cranes forward before taking a leap. Beaconsfield. Thackeray.

The passengers eagerly craning forward over the bulwarks. Howells.

Crane's"-bill` (kr?nz"b?l`), n. 1. (Bot.) The geranium; -- so named from the long axis of the fruit, which resembles the beak of a crane. Dr. Prior.

2. (Surg.) A pair of long-beaked forceps.

Crang (kr?ng), n. See Krang.

||Cra"ni*a (kr?"n?-?), n. [NL.] (Zo÷l.) A genus of living Brachiopoda; -- so called from its fancied resemblance to the cranium or skull.

Cra"ni*al (kr?"n?-a]/>l), a. (Anat.) Of or pertaining to the cranium.

Cra"ni*o*clasm (kr?"n?-?-kl?z'm), n. [Cranium + Gr. &?;&?;&?; to break.] (Med.) The crushing of a child's head, as with the cranioclast or craniotomy forceps in cases of very difficult delivery. Dunglison.

Cra"ni*o*clast (-kl?st), n. (Med.) An instrument for crushing the head of a fetus, to facilitate delivery in difficult eases.

Cra`ni*o*fa"cial (-f?"shal), a. Of or pertaining to the cranium and face; as, the craniofacial angle.

Cra`ni*og"no*my (-?g"n?-m?), n. [Cranium + Gr. &?;&?;&?;&?;, &?;&?;&?;&?;&?;. to know.] The science of the form and characteristics of the skull. [R.]

Cra`ni*o*log"ic*al (-?-l?j"?-kal), a. Of or pertaining to craniology.

Cra`ni*ol"o*gist (-?l"?-j?st), n. One proficient in craniology; a phrenologist.

Cra`ni*ol"o*gy (-j?), n. [Cranium + -logy.] The department of science (as of ethnology or archŠology) which deals with the shape, size, proportions, indications, etc., of skulls; the study of skulls.

Cra`ni*om"e*ter (kr?`n?-?m"?-t?r), n. [Cranium + -meter.] An instrument for measuring the size of skulls.

{ Cra`ni*o*met"ric (-?-m?t"r?k), Cra`ni*o*met"ric*al (-r?-kal), } a. Pertaining to craniometry.

Cra`ni*om"e*try (kr?`n?-?m"?-tr?), n. The art or act of measuring skulls.

Cra`ni*os"co*pist (kr?`n?-?s"k?-p?st), n. One skilled in, or who practices, cranioscopy.

It was found of equal dimension in a literary man whose skull puzzied the cranioscopists. Coleridge.

Cra`ni*os"co*py (-p?), n. [Cranium + -scopy.] Scientific examination of the cranium.

||Cra`ni*o"ta (kr?`n?-?t?), n. pl. [NL., fr. cranium.] (Zo÷l.) A comprehensive division of the Vertebrata, including all those that have a skull.

Cra`ni*ot"o*my (kr?`n?-?t"?-m?), n. [Cranium + Gr. &?;&?;&?;&?; to cut off.] (Med.) The operation of opening the fetal head, in order to effect delivery.

Cra"ni*um (kr?"n?-?m), n.; pl. E. Craniums (-&?;mz), L. Crania (-&?;). [NL., fr. Gr. &?;&?;&?;&?;; akin to ka`ra head.] The skull of an animal; especially, that part of the skull, either cartilaginous or bony, which immediately incloses the brain; the brain case or brainpan. See Skull.

Crank (kr?nk), n. [OE. cranke; akin to E. cringe, cringle, crinkle, and to crank, a., the root meaning, probably, "to turn, twist." See Cringe.] 1. (Mach.) A bent portion of an axle, or shaft, or an arm keyed at right angles to the end of a shaft, by which motion is imparted to or received from it; also used to change circular into reciprocating motion, or reciprocating into circular motion. See Bell crank.

2. Any bend, turn, or winding, as of a passage.

So many turning cranks these have, so many crooks. Spenser.

3. A twist or turn in speech; a conceit consisting in a change of the form or meaning of a word.

Quips, and cranks, and wanton wiles. Milton.

4. A twist or turn of the mind; caprice; whim; crotchet; also, a fit of temper or passion. [Prov. Eng.]

Violent of temper; subject to sudden cranks. Carlyle.

5. A person full of crotchets; one given to fantastic or impracticable projects; one whose judgment is perverted in respect to a particular matter. [Colloq.]

6. A sick person; an invalid. [Obs.]

Thou art a counterfeit crank, a cheater. Burton.

Crank axle (Mach.), a driving axle formed with a crank or cranks, as in some kinds of locomotives. -- Crank pin (Mach.), the cylindrical piece which forms the handle, or to which the connecting rod is attached, at the end of a crank, or between the arms of a double crank. -- Crank shaft, a shaft bent into a crank, or having a crank fastened to it, by which it drives or is driven. -- Crank wheel, a wheel acting as a crank, or having a wrist to which a connecting rod is attached.

Crank (kr?nk), a. [AS. cranc weak ; akin to Icel. krangr, D. & G. krank sick, weak (cf. D. krengen to careen). Cf. Crank, n.] 1. Sick; infirm. [Prov. Eng.]

2. (Naut.) Liable to careen or be overset, as a ship when she is too narrow, or has not sufficient ballast, or is loaded too high, to carry full sail.

3. Full of spirit; brisk; lively; sprightly; overconfident; opinionated.

He who was, a little before, bedrid, . . . was now crank and lusty. Udall.

If you strong electioners did not think you were among the elect, you would not be so crank about it. Mrs. Stowe.

Crank, v. i. [See Crank, n.] To run with a winding course; to double; to crook; to wind and turn.

See how this river comes me cranking in. Shak.

Crank"bird` (-b?rd`), n. (Zo÷l.) A small European woodpecker (Picus minor).

Cranked (kr?nkt), a. Formed with, or having, a bend or crank; as, a cranked axle.

Crank"i*ness (kr?nk"?-n?s), n. Crankness. Lowell.

Cran"kle (kr?n"k'l), v. t. [Cf. Crinkle.] To break into bends, turns, or angles; to crinkle.

Old Veg's stream . . . drew her humid train aslope, Crankling her banks. J. Philips.

Cran"kle, v. i. To bend, turn, or wind.

Along the crankling path. Drayton.

Cran"kle, n. A bend or turn; a twist; a crinkle.

Crank"ness (kr?nk"n?s), n. 1. (Naut.) Liability to be overset; - - said of a ship or other vessel.

2. Sprightliness; vigor; health.

Crank"y (-?), a. 1. Full of spirit; crank.

2. Addicted to crotchets and whims; unreasonable in opinions; crotchety. [Colloq.]

3. Unsteady; easy to upset; crank.

Cran"nied (kr?n"n?d), a. Having crannies, chinks, or fissures; as, a crannied wall. Tennyson.

{ Cran"nog (kr?n"n?g), Cran"noge (kr?n"n?j) }, n. [From Celtic; cf. Gael. crann a tree.] One of the stockaded islands in Scotland and Ireland which in ancient times were numerous in the lakes of both countries. They may be regarded as the very latest class of prehistoric strongholds, reaching their greatest development in early historic times, and surviving through the Middle Ages. See also Lake dwellings, under Lake. Encyc. Brit.

Cran"ny (krăn"n&ybreve;), n.; pl. Crannies (- n&ibreve;z). [F. cran notch, prob. from L. crena (a doubful word).] 1. A small, narrow opening, fissure, crevice, or chink, as in a wall, or other substance.

In a firm building, the cavities ought not to be filled with rubbish, but with brick or stone fitted to the crannies. Dryden.

He peeped into every cranny. Arbuthnot.

2. (Glass Making) A tool for forming the necks of bottles, etc.

Cran"ny, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Crannied (-n?d); p. pr. & vb. n. Crannying.] 1. To crack into, or become full of, crannies. [R.]

The ground did cranny everywhere. Golding.

2. To haunt, or enter by, crannies.

All tenantless, save to the crannying wind. Byron.

Cran"ny, a. [Perh. for cranky. See Crank, a. ] Quick; giddy; thoughtless. [Prov. Eng.] Halliwell.

Cran*ta"ra (kr?n-t?"r? or -t?"r?), n. [Gael. cranntara.] The fiery cross, used as a rallying signal in the Highlands of Scotland.

Crants (krănts), n. [Cf. D. krans, G. kranz.] A garland carried before the bier of a maiden. [Obs.]

Yet here she is allowed her virgin crants, Her maiden strewments. Shak.

Crap"au*dine (kr?p"?-d?n), a. [F., n.] (Arch.) Turning on pivots at the top and bottom; -- said of a door.

Crap"au*dine, n. [F.] (Far.) An ulcer on the coronet of a horse. Bailey.

Crape (krāp), n. [F. crŕpe, fr. L. crispus curled, crisped. See Crisp.] A thin, crimped stuff, made of raw silk gummed and twisted on the mill. Black crape is much used for mourning garments, also for the dress of some clergymen.

A saint in crape is twice a saint in lawn. Pope.

Crape myrtle (Bot.), a very ornamental shrub (Lagerstr÷mia Indica) from the East Indies, often planted in the Southern United States. Its foliage is like that of the myrtle, and the flower has wavy crisped petals. -- Oriental crape. See Canton crape.

Crape, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Craped (krāpt); p. pr. & vb. n. Craping.] [F. crŕper, fr. L. crispare to curl, crisp, fr. crispus. See Crape, n.] To form into ringlets; to curl; to crimp; to friz; as, to crape the hair; to crape silk.

The hour for curling and craping the hair. Mad. D'Arblay.

Crape"fish` (kr?p"f?sh`), n. Salted codfish hardened by pressure. Kane.

Crap"nel (kr?p"nel), n. A hook or drag; a grapnel.

Crap"pie (kr?p"p?), n. (Zo÷l.) A kind of fresh-water bass of the genus Pomoxys, found in the rivers of the Southern United States and Mississippi valley. There are several species. [Written also croppie.]

Crap"ple (kr?p"p'l), n. [See Graple.] A claw. [Obs.]

Craps (kr?ps), n. A gambling game with dice. [Local, U.S.]

{ ||Crap"u*la (kr?p"?-l?), Crap"ule (kr?p"?l), } n. [L. crapula intoxication.] Same as Crapulence.

Crap"u*lence (-?-lens), n. The sickness occasioned by intemperance; surfeit. Bailey.

{ Crap"u*lent (-lent), Crap"u*lous (- l?s), } a. [L. crapulentus, crapulosus: cf. F. crapuleux.] Surcharged with liquor; sick from excessive indulgence in liquor; drunk; given to excesses. [R.]

Crap"y (kr?p"?), a. Resembling crape.

Crare (kr?r), n. [OF. craier, creer, croyer, ship of war, LL. craiera, creyera, perh. from G. krieger warrior, or D. krijger.] A slow unwieldy trading vessel. [Obs.] [Written also crayer, cray, and craie.] Shak.

Crase (kr?z), v. t. [See Craze.] To break in pieces; to crack. [Obs.] "The pot was crased." Chaucer.

Crash (krăsh>), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Crashed (krăsht); p. pr. & vb. n. Crashing.] [OE. crashen, the same word as crasen to break, E. craze. See Craze.] To break in pieces violently; to dash together with noise and violence. [R.]

He shakt his head, and crasht his teeth for ire. Fairfax.

Crash, v. i. 1. To make a loud, clattering sound, as of many things falling and breaking at once; to break in pieces with a harsh noise.

Roofs were blazing and walls crashing in every part of the city. Macaulay.

2. To break with violence and noise; as, the chimney in falling crashed through the roof.

Crash, n. 1. A loud, sudden, confused sound, as of many things falling and breaking at once.

The wreck of matter and the crash of worlds. Addison.

2. Ruin; failure; sudden breaking down, as of a business house or a commercial enterprise.

Crash, n. [L. crassus coarse. See Crass.] Coarse, heavy, narrow linen cloth, used esp. for towels.

Crash"ing, n. The noise of many things falling and breaking at once.

There shall be . . . a great crashing from the hills. Zeph. i. 10.

Cra"sis (kr?"s?s), n. [LL., temperament, fr. Gr. &?;&?;&?;&?;, fr. &?;&?;&?;&?; to mix.] 1. (Med.) A mixture of constituents, as of the blood; constitution; temperament.

2. (Gram.) A contraction of two vowels (as the final and initial vowels of united words) into one long vowel, or into a diphthong; synŠresis; as, cogo for coago.

||Cras`pe*do"ta (kr?s`p?-d?"t?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. &?;&?;&?;&?; to be bordered or edged.] (Zo÷l.) The hydroid or naked-eyed medusŠ. See Hydroidea.

Cras"pe*dote (kr?s"p?-d?t), a. (Zo÷l.) Of or pertaining to the Craspedota.

Crass (kr?s), a. [L. crassus thick, fat, gross, prob. orig., closely woven. See Grease animal fat, and cf. Crate, Hurdle.] Gross; thick; dense; coarse; not elaborated or refined. "Crass and fumid exhalations." Sir. T. Browne. "Crass ignorance" Cudworth.

{ Cras"sa*ment (kr?s"s?-ment), ||Cras`sa*men"tum (-m?n"t?m), } n. [L. crassamentum, fr. crassare to make thick. See Crass, a.] A semisolid mass or clot, especially that formed in coagulation of the blood.

Cras"si*ment (kr?s"s?-ment), n. See Crassament.

Cras"si*tude (-t?d), n. [L. crassitudo.] Grossness; coarseness; thickness; density. Bacon.

Crass"ness (kr?s"n?s), n. Grossness. [Obs.] Glanvill.

Cras`ti*na"tion (kr?s`t?-n?"sh?n), n. [L. crastinus of to-morrow, from cras to-morrow.] Procrastination; a putting off till to-morrow. [Obs.]

||Cra*tŠ"gus (kr?-t?"g?s), n. [NL., fr. Gr. krataigo`s.] (Bot.) A genus of small, hardy trees, including the hawthorn, much used for ornamental purposes.

Cratch (kr?ch; 224), n. [OE. cracche, crecche, F. crŔche crib, manger, fr. OHG. krippa, krippea, G. krippe crib. See Crib.] A manger or open frame for hay; a crib; a rack. [Obs.]

Begin from first where He encradled was, In simple cratch, wrapt in a wad of hay. Spenser.

Cratch cradle, a representation of the figure of the cratch, made upon the fingers with a string; cat's cradle; -- called also scratch cradle.

Crate (kr?t), n. [L. cratis hurdle; perh. akin to E. cradle. See Hurdle, and cf. Crate a framework.] 1. A large basket or hamper of wickerwork, used for the transportation of china, crockery, and similar wares.

2. A box or case whose sides are of wooden slats with interspaces, -- used especially for transporting fruit.

Crate, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Crated; p. pr. & vb. n. Crating.] To pack in a crate or case for transportation; as, to crate a sewing machine; to crate peaches.

Cra"ter (kr?t?r), n. [L. crater, cratera, a mixing vessel, the mouth of a volcano, Gr. krath`r, fr. keranny`nai to mix; cf. Skr. šrī to mix, šir to cook, šrā to cook. Cf. Grail, in Holy Grail.] 1. The basinlike opening or mouth of a volcano, through which the chief eruption comes; similarly, the mouth of a geyser, about which a cone of silica is often built up.

2. (Mil.) The pit left by the explosion of a mine.

3. (Astron.) A constellation of the southen hemisphere; -- called also the Cup.

Cra*ter"i*form (kr?-t?r"?-f?rm), a. [L. cratera + -form.] (Bot.) Having the form of a shallow bowl; -- said of a corolla.

Cra"ter*ous (kr?"t?r-?s), a. Pertaining to, or resembling, a crater. [R.] R. Browning.

Craunch (kr?nch), v. t. & i. [imp. & p. p. Craunched (kr?ncht); p. pr. & vb. n. Craunching.] [See Crunch.] To crush with the teeth; to chew with violence and noise; to crunch. Swift.

Cra*vat" (kr?-v?t"), n. [F. cravate, fr. Cravate a Croat, an inhabitant of Croatia, one of a body of Austrian troops, from whom, in 1636, this article of dress was adopted in France.] A neckcloth; a piece of silk, fine muslin, or other cloth, worn by men about the neck.

While his wig was combed and his cravat tied. Macaulay.

Cra*vat`ted (kr?-v?t"t?d), a. Wearing a cravat.

The young men faultlessly appointed, handsomely cravatted. Thackeray.

Crave (krāv), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Craved (krāvd); p pr. & vb. n. Craving.] [AS. crafian; akin to Icel. krefja, Sw. krńfva, Dan. krŠve.] 1. To ask with earnestness or importunity; to ask with submission or humility; to beg; to entreat; to beseech; to implore.

I crave your honor's pardon. Shak.

Joseph . . . went in boldly unto Pilate, and craved the body of Jesus. Mark xv. 43.

2. To call for, as a gratification; to long for; hence, to require or demand; as, the stomach craves food.

His path is one that eminently craves weary walking. Edmund Gurney.

Syn. -- To ask; seek; beg; beseech; implore; entreat; solicit; request; supplicate; adjure.

Crave, v. i. To desire strongly; to feel an insatiable longing; as, a craving appetite.

Once one may crave for love. Suckling.

Cra"ven (kr?"v'n), a. [OE. cravant, cravaunde, OF. cravant&?; struck down, p. p. of cravanter, crevanter, to break, crush, strike down, fr. an assumed LL. crepantare, fr. L. crepans, p. pr. of crepare to break, crack, rattle. Cf. Crevice, Crepitate.] Cowardly; fainthearted; spiritless. "His craven heart." Shak.

The poor craven bridegroom said never a word. Sir. W. Scott.

In craven fear of the sarcasm of Dorset. Macaulay.

Cra"ven, n. [Formerly written also cravant and cravent.] A recreant; a coward; a weak-hearted, spiritless fellow. See Recreant, n.

King Henry. Is it fit this soldier keep his oath? Fluellen. He is a craven and a villain else. Shak.

Syn. -- Coward; poltroon; dastard.

Cra"ven, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Cravened (-v'nd); p. pr. & vb. n. Cravening.] To make recreant, weak, spiritless, or cowardly. [Obs.]

There is a prohibition so divine, That cravens my weak hand. Shak.

Crav"er (kr?v"?r), n. One who craves or begs.

Crav"ing (-?ng), n. Vehement or urgent desire; longing for; beseeching.

A succession of cravings and satiety. L'Estrange.

-- Crav"ing*ly, adv. -- Crav"ing*ness, n.

Craw (kr&add;), n. [Akin to D. kraag neck, collar, G. kragen, Sw. krńfva craw, Dan. kro, and possibly to Gr. &?;&?;&?;&?; (E. bronchus), or bro`chqos throat. √25. Cf. Crag neck.] (Zo÷l.) (a) The crop of a bird. (b) The stomach of an animal.

{ Craw"fish` (kr&add;"f&ibreve;sh`), Cray"fish` (krā"f&ibreve;sh`) }, n.; pl. -fishes or -fish. [Corrupted fr. OE. crevis, creves, OF. crevice, F. Úcrevisse, fr. OHG. krebiz crab, G. krebs. See Crab. The ending -fish arose from confusion with E. fish.] (Zo÷l.) Any crustacean of the family AstacidŠ, resembling the lobster, but smaller, and found in fresh waters. Crawfishes are esteemed very delicate food both in Europe and America. The North American species are numerous and mostly belong to the genus Cambarus. The blind crawfish of the Mammoth Cave is Cambarus pellucidus. The common European species is Astacus fluviatilis.

Craw"ford (kr&add;"f&etilde;rd), n. A Crawford peach; a well-known freestone peach, with yellow flesh, first raised by Mr. William Crawford, of New Jersey.

Crawl (kr&add;l), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Crawled (kr&add;ld); p. pr. & vb. n. Crawling.] [Dan. kravle, or Icel. krafla, to paw, scrabble with the hands; akin to Sw. krńla to crawl; cf. LG. krabbeln, D. krabbelen to scratch.] 1. To move slowly by drawing the body along the ground, as a worm; to move slowly on hands and knees; to creep.

A worm finds what it searches after only by feeling, as it crawls from one thing to another. Grew.

2. Hence, to move or advance in a feeble, slow, or timorous manner.

He was hardly able to crawl about the room. Arbuthnot.

The meanest thing that crawl'd beneath my eyes. Byron.

3. To advance slowly and furtively; to insinuate one's self; to advance or gain influence by servile or obsequious conduct.

Secretly crawling up the battered walls. Knolles.

Hath crawled into the favor of the king. Shak.

Absurd opinions crawl about the world. South.

4. To have a sensation as of insect creeping over the body; as, the flesh crawls. See Creep, v. i., 7.

Crawl (kr&add;l), n. The act or motion of crawling; slow motion, as of a creeping animal.

Crawl, n. [Cf. Kraal.] A pen or inclosure of stakes and hurdles on the seacoast, for holding fish.

Crawl"er (kr&add;l"&etilde;r), n. One who, or that which, crawls; a creeper; a reptile.

Crawl"y (kr&add;l"&ybreve;), a. Creepy. [Colloq.]