Chapter 90

By perseverance in the course prescribed. Wodsworth.

You hold your course without remorse. Tennyson.

8. A series of motions or acts arranged in order; a succession of acts or practices connectedly followed; as, a course of medicine; a course of lectures on chemistry.

9. The succession of one to another in office or duty; order; turn.

He appointed . . . the courses of the priests 2 Chron. viii. 14.

10. That part of a meal served at one time, with its accompaniments.

He [Goldsmith] wore fine clothes, gave dinners of several courses, paid court to venal beauties. Macaulay.

11. (Arch.) A continuous level range of brick or stones of the same height throughout the face or faces of a building. Gwilt.

12. (Naut.) The lowest sail on any mast of a square-rigged vessel; as, the fore course, main course, etc.

13. pl. (Physiol.) The menses.

In course, in regular succession. - - Of course, by consequence; as a matter of course; in regular or natural order. -- In the course of, at same time or times during. "In the course of human events." T. Jefferson.

Syn. -- Way; road; route; passage; race; series; succession; manner; method; mode; career; progress.

Course, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Coursed (k?rst)); p. pr. & vb. n. Coursing.] 1. To run, hunt, or chase after; to follow hard upon; to pursue.

We coursed him at the heels. Shak.

2. To cause to chase after or pursue game; as, to course greyhounds after deer.

3. To run through or over.

The bounding steed courses the dusty plain. Pope.

Course, v. i. 1. To run as in a race, or in hunting; to pursue the sport of coursing; as, the sportsmen coursed over the flats of Lancashire.

2. To move with speed; to race; as, the blood courses through the veins. Shak.

Coursed (k?rst), a. 1. Hunted; as, a coursed hare.

2. Arranged in courses; as, coursed masonry.

Cours"er (k?rs"?r), n. [F. coursier.] 1. One who courses or hunts.

leash is a leathern thong by which . . . a courser leads his greyhound. Hanmer.

2. A swift or spirited horse; a racer or a war horse; a charger. [Poetic.] Pope.

3. (Zo÷l.) A grallatorial bird of Europe (Cursorius cursor), remarkable for its speed in running. Sometimes, in a wider sense, applied to running birds of the Ostrich family.

Cour"sey (k?r"s?), n. [Cf. OF. corsie, coursie, passage way to the stern. See Course, n. ] (Naut.)A space in the galley; a part of the hatches. Ham. Nav. Encyc.

Cours"ing (k?rs"?ng), n. The pursuit or running game with dogs that follow by sight instead of by scent.

In coursing of a deer, or hart, with greyhounds. Bacon

Court (kōrt), n. [OF. court, curt, cort, F. cour, LL. cortis, fr. L. cohors, cors, chors, gen. cohortis, cortis, chortis, an inclosure, court, thing inclosed, crowd, throng; co- + a root akin to Gr. chorto`s inclosure, feeding place, and to E. garden, yard, orchard. See Yard, and cf. Cohort, Curtain.] 1. An inclosed space; a courtyard; an uncovered area shut in by the walls of a building, or by different building; also, a space opening from a street and nearly surrounded by houses; a blind alley.

The courts of the house of our God. Ps. cxxxv. 2.

And round the cool green courts there ran a row Of cloisters. Tennyson.

Goldsmith took a garret in a miserable court. Macaulay.

2. The residence of a sovereign, prince, nobleman, or other dignitary; a palace.

Attends the emperor in his royal court. Shak.

This our court, infected with their manners, Shows like a riotous inn. Shak.

3. The collective body of persons composing the retinue of a sovereign or person high in authority; all the surroundings of a sovereign in his regal state.

My lord, there is a nobleman of the court at door would speak with you. Shak.

Love rules the court, the camp, the grove. Sir. W. Scott.

4. Any formal assembling of the retinue of a sovereign; as, to hold a court.

The princesses held their court within the fortress. Macaulay.

5. Attention directed to a person in power; conduct or address designed to gain favor; courtliness of manners; civility; compliment; flattery.

No solace could her paramour intreat Her once to show, ne court, nor dalliance. Spenser.

I went to make my court to the Duke and Duchess of Newcastle. Evelyn.

6. (Law) (a) The hall, chamber, or place, where justice is administered. (b) The persons officially assembled under authority of law, at the appropriate time and place, for the administration of justice; an official assembly, legally met together for the transaction of judicial business; a judge or judges sitting for the hearing or trial of causes. (c) A tribunal established for the administration of justice. (d) The judge or judges; as distinguished from the counsel or jury, or both.

Most heartily I do beseech the court To give the judgment. Shak.

7. The session of a judicial assembly.

8. Any jurisdiction, civil, military, or ecclesiastical.

9. A place arranged for playing the game of tennis; also, one of the divisions of a tennis court.

Christian court, the English ecclesiastical courts in the aggregate, or any one of them. -- Court breeding, education acquired at court. -- Court card. Same as Coat card. -- Court circular, one or more paragraphs of news respecting the sovereign and the royal family, together with the proceedings or movements of the court generally, supplied to the newspapers by an officer specially charged with such duty. [Eng.] Edwards. -- Court day, a day on which a court sits to administer justice. -- Court dress, the dress prescribed for appearance at the court of a sovereign. -- Court fool, a buffoon or jester, formerly kept by princes and nobles for their amusement. -- Court guide, a directory of the names and adresses of the nobility and gentry in a town. -- Court hand, the hand or manner of writing used in records and judicial proceedings. Shak. -- Court lands (Eng. Law), lands kept in demesne, -- that is, for the use of the lord and his family. -- Court marshal, one who acts as marshal for a court. -- Court party, a party attached to the court. -- Court rolls, the records of a court. SeeRoll. -- Court in banc, or Court in bank, The full court sitting at its regular terms for the hearing of arguments upon questions of law, as distinguished from a sitting at nisi prius. - - Court of Arches, audience, etc. See under Arches, Audience, etc. -- Court of Chancery. See Chancery, n. -- Court of Common pleas. (Law) See Common pleas, under Common. -- Court of Equity. See under Equity, and Chancery. -- Court of Inquiry (Mil.) , a court appointed to inquire into and report on some military matter, as the conduct of an officer. -- Court of St. James, the usual designation of the British Court; -- so called from the old palace of St. James, which is used for the royal receptions, levees, and drawing-rooms. -- The court of the Lord, the temple at Jerusalem; hence, a church, or Christian house of worship. - - General Court, the legislature of a State; -- so called from having had, in the colonial days, judicial power; as, the General Court of Massachusetts. [U.S.] -- To pay one's court, to seek to gain favor by attentions. "Alcibiades was assiduous in paying his court to Tissaphernes." Jowett. -- To put out of court, to refuse further judicial hearing.

Court, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Courted; p. pr. & vb. n. Courting.] 1. To endeavor to gain the favor of by attention or flattery; to try to ingratiate one's self with.

By one person, hovever, Portland was still assiduously courted. Macaulay.

2. To endeavor to gain the affections of; to seek in marriage; to woo.

If either of you both love Katharina . . . Leave shall you have to court her at your pleasure. Shak.

3. To attempt to gain; to solicit; to seek.

They might almost seem to have courted the crown of martyrdom. Prescott.

Guilt and misery . . . court privacy and solitude. De Quincey.

4. To invite by attractions; to allure; to attract.

A well-worn pathway courted us To one green wicket in a privet hedge. Tennyson.

Court, v. i. 1. To play the lover; to woo; as, to go courting.

Court"-bar`on (-b?r`?n), n. (Law) An inferior court of civil jurisdiction, attached to a manor, and held by the steward; a baron's court; -- now fallen into disuse.

Court"bred` (-br?d`), a. Bred, or educated, at court; polished; courtly.

Court"-craft` (k?rt"kr?ft`), n. The artifices, intrigues, and plottings, at courts.

Court"-cup`board (-k?b`b?rd), n. A movable sideboard or buffet, on which plate and other articles of luxury were displayed on special ocasions. [Obs.]

A way with the joint stools, remove the court- cupboard, look to the plate. Shak.

Courtelle n. a wool-like fabric. [WordNet 1.5]

Cour"te*ous (k?r"t?-?s; 277), a. [OE. cortais, corteis, cortois, rarely corteous, OF. corties, corteis, F. courtois. See Court.] Of courtlike manners; pertaining to, or expressive of, courtesy; characterized by courtesy; civil; obliging; well bred; polite; affable; complaisant.

A patient and courteous bearing. Prescott.

His behavior toward his people is grave and courteous. Fuller.

Cour"te*ous*ly, adv. In a courteous manner.

Cour"te*ous*ness, n. The quality of being courteous; politeness; courtesy.

Cour"te*py (k??r"t?-p?), n. [D. kort short + pije a coarse cloth.] A short coat of coarse cloth. [Obs.]

Full threadbare was his overeste courtepy. Chaucer.

Court"er (k?rt"?r), n. One who courts; one who plays the lover, or who solicits in marriage; one who flatters and cajoles. Sherwood.

Cour"te*san (k?r"t?-z?n; 277), n. [F. courtisane, fr. courtisan courtier, It. cortigiano; or directly fr. It. cortigiana, or Sp. cortesana. See Court.] A woman who prostitutes herself for hire; a prostitute; a harlot.

Lasciviously decked like a courtesan. Sir H. Wotton.

Cour"te*san*ship, n. Harlotry.

Cour"te*sy (k?r"t?-s?), n.; pl. Courtesies (-s&?;z). [OE. cortaisie, corteisie, courtesie, OF. curteisie, cortoisie, OF. curteisie, cortoisie, F. courtoisie, fr. curteis, corteis. See Courteous.] 1. Politeness; civility; urbanity; courtliness.

And trust thy honest-offered courtesy, With oft is sooner found in lowly sheds, With smoky rafters, than in tapestry walls And courts of princes, where it first was named, And yet is most pretended. Milton.

Pardon me, Messer Claudio, if once more I use the ancient courtesies of speech. Longfellow.

2. An act of civility or respect; an act of kindness or favor performed with politeness.

My lord, for your many courtesies I thank you. Shak.

3. Favor or indulgence, as distinguished from right; as, a title given one by courtesy.

Courtesy title, a title assumed by a person, or popularly conceded to him, to which he has no valid claim; as, the courtesy title of Lord prefixed to the names of the younger sons of noblemen.

Syn. -- Politeness; urbanity; civility; complaisance; affability; courteousness; elegance; refinement; courtliness; good breeding. See Politeness.

Courte"sy (kűrt"s&ybreve;), n. [See the preceding word.] An act of civility, respect, or reverence, made by women, consisting of a slight depression or dropping of the body, with bending of the knees. [Written also curtsy.]

The lady drops a courtesy in token of obedience, and the ceremony proceeds as usual. Golgsmith.

Courte"sy, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Courtesied (-s&ibreve;d); p. pr. & vb. n. Courtesying.] To make a respectful salutation or movement of respect; esp. (with reference to women), to bow the body slightly, with bending of the knes.

Courte"sy, v. t. To treat with civility. [Obs.]

Court"house` (kīrt"hous`), n. 1. A house in which established courts are held, or a house appropriated to courts and public meetings. [U.S.]

2. A county town; -- so called in Virginia and some others of the Southern States.

Providence, the county town of Fairfax, is unknown by that name, and passes as Fairfax Court House. Barlett.

Court"ier (kōrt"y&etilde;r), n. [From Court.] 1. One who is in attendance at the court of a prince; one who has an appointment at court.

You know I am no courtier, nor versed in state affairs. Bacon.

This courtier got a frigate, and that a company. Macaulay.

2. One who courts or solicits favor; one who flatters.

There was not among all our princes a greater courtier of the people than Richard III. Suckling.

Court"ier*y (-?), n. The manners of a courtier; courtliness. [Obs.] B. Jonson.

Court"-leet` (-l?t`), n. (Eng. Law) A court of record held once a year, in a particular hundred, lordship, or manor, before the steward of the leet. Blackstone.

Court"like` (-l?k`), a. After the manner of a court; elegant; polite; courtly.

Court"li*ness (-l?-n?s), n. [From Courtly.] The quality of being courtly; elegance or dignity of manners.

Court"ling (-l?ng), n. [Court + -ling.] A sycophantic courtier. B. Jonson.

Court"ly (-l?), a. [From Court.] 1. Relating or belonging to a court.

2. Elegant; polite; courtlike; flattering.

In courtly company or at my beads. Shak.

3. Disposed to favor the great; favoring the policy or party of the court; obsequious. Macaulay.

Court"ly, adv. In the manner of courts; politely; gracefully; elegantly.

They can produce nothing so courtly writ. Dryden

Court`-mar"tial (k?rt`m?r"shal), n.; pl. Courts-martial (k&?;rts`-). A court consisting of military or naval officers, for the trial of one belonging to the army or navy, or of offenses against military or naval law.

Court`-mar"tial, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Court-martialed (- shald); p. pr. & vb. n. Court- martialing.] To subject to trial by a court- martial.

Court"-plas`ter (k?rt"pl?s`t?r), n. Sticking plaster made by coating taffeta or silk on one side with some adhesive substance, commonly a mixture of isinglass and glycerin.

Court"ship (k?rt"sh?p), n. 1. The act of paying court, with the intent to solicit a favor. Swift.

2. The act of wooing in love; solicitation of woman to marriage.

This method of courtship, [by which] both sides are prepared for all the matrimonial adventures that are to follow. Goldsmith.

3. Courtliness; elegance of manners; courtesy. [Obs.]

Trim gallants, full of courtship and of state. Shak.

4. Court policy; the character of a courtier; artifice of a court; court-craft; finesse. [Obs.]

She [the Queen] being composed of courtship and Popery. Fuller.

Court" ten"nis (k?rt" t?n"n?s). See under Tennis.

Court"yard (k?rt"y?rd`), n. A court or inclosure attached to a house.

Cous"cous` (k??s"k??s`), n. A kind of food used by the natives of Western Africa, made of millet flour with flesh, and leaves of the baobab; -- called also lalo.

Cous`cou*sou" (k??s`k??-s??"), n. A favorite dish in Barbary. See Couscous.

Cous"in (kŭz"'n), n. [F. cousin, LL. cosinus, cusinus, contr. from L. consobrinus the child of a mother's sister, cousin; con- + sobrinus a cousin by the mother's side, a form derived fr. soror (forsosor) sister. See Sister, and cf. Cozen, Coz.] 1. One collaterally related more remotely than a brother or sister; especially, the son or daughter of an uncle or aunt.

&fist; The children of brothers and sisters are usually denominated first cousins, or cousins-german. In the second generation, they are called second cousins. See Cater-cousin, and Quater-cousin.

Thou art, great lord, my father's sister's son, A cousin-german to great Priam's seed. Shak.

2. A title formerly given by a king to a nobleman, particularly to those of the council. In English writs, etc., issued by the crown, it signifies any earl.

My noble lords and cousins, all, good morrow. Shak.

Cous"in, n. Allied; akin. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Cous"in*age (-?j), n. [F. cousinage, OF., also, cosinage. Cf. Cosinage, Cozenage.] Relationship; kinship. [Obs.] Wyclif.

Cous"in-ger"man (-j?r"man), n. [Cousin + german closely akin.] A first cousin. See Note under Cousin, 1.

Cous"in*hood (-h??d), n. The state or condition of a cousin; also, the collective body of cousins; kinsfolk.

Cous"in*ly, a. Like or becoming a cousin.

Cous"in*ry (k?z"'n-r?), n. A body or collection of cousins; the whole number of persons who stand in the relation of cousins to a given person or persons.

Cous"in*ship, n. The relationship of cousins; state of being cousins; cousinhood. G. Eliot.

Cous"si*net` (k??s"s?-n?t`), n. [F., dim. of coussin cushion. See Cushionet.] (Arch.) (a) A stone placed on the impost of a pier for receiving the first stone of an arch. (b) That part of the Ionic capital between the abacus and quarter round, which forms the volute. Gwilt.

Cou*teau" (k??-t?"), n. [F.] A knife; a dagger.

Couth (k??th), imp. & p. p. of Can. [See Can, and cf. Uncouth.] Could; was able; knew or known; understood. [Obs.]

Above all other one Daniel He loveth, for he couth well Divine, that none other couth; To him were all things couth, As he had it of God's grace. Gower.

||Cou`vade" (k&oomac;`v&adot;d"), n. [F., fr. couver. See Covey.] A custom, among certain barbarous tribes, that when a woman gives birth to a child her husband takes to his bed, as if ill.

The world-wide custom of the couvade, where at childbirth the husband undergoes medical treatment, in many cases being put to bed for days. Tylor.

Co*va"ri*ant (k?-v?"r?-a]/>nt), n. (Higher Alg.) A function involving the coefficients and the variables of a quantic, and such that when the quantic is lineally transformed the same function of the new variables and coefficients shall be equal to the old function multiplied by a factor. An invariant is a like function involving only the coefficients of the quantic.

Cove (kōv), n. [AS. cofa room; akin to G. koben pigsty, orig., hut, Icel. kofi hut, and perh. to E. cobalt.]

1. A retired nook; especially, a small, sheltered inlet, creek, or bay; a recess in the shore.

Vessels which were in readiness for him within secret coves and nooks. Holland.

2. A strip of prairie extending into woodland; also, a recess in the side of a mountain. [U.S.]

3. (Arch.) (a) A concave molding. (b) A member, whose section is a concave curve, used especially with regard to an inner roof or ceiling, as around a skylight.

Cove, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Coved (k?vd); p. pr. & vb. n. Coving.] (Arch.) To arch over; to build in a hollow concave form; to make in the form of a cove.

The mosques and other buildings of the Arabians are rounded into domes and coved roofs. H. Swinburne.

Coved ceiling, a ceiling, the part of which next the wail is constructed in a cove. -- Coved vault, a vault composed of four coves meeting in a central point, and therefore the reverse of a groined vault.

Cove, v. t. [CF. F. couver, It. covare. See Covey.] To brood, cover, over, or sit over, as birds their eggs. [Obs.]

Not being able to cove or sit upon them [eggs], she [the female tortoise] bestoweth them in the gravel. Holland.

Cove, n. [A gypsy word, covo that man, covi that woman.] A boy or man of any age or station. [Slang]

There's a gentry cove here. Wit's Recreations (1654).

Now, look to it, coves, that all the beef and drink Be not filched from us. Mrs. Browning.

{ Co*vel"line (k?-v?l"l?n), Co*vel"lite } (-l?t), n. [After Covelli, the discoverer.] (Min.) A native sulphide of copper, occuring in masses of a dark blue color; -- hence called indigo copper.

Cov"e*na*ble (k?v"?-n?-b'l), a. [OF. covenable, F. convenable. See Covenant.] Fit; proper; suitable. [Obs.] "A covenable day." Wyclif (Mark vi. 21).

Cov"e*na*bly (k?v"?-n?-bly), adv. Fitly; suitably. [Obs.] "Well and covenably." Chaucer.

Cov"e*nant (k?v"?-nant), n. [OF. covenant, fr. F. & OF. convenir to agree, L. convenire. See Convene.]

1. A mutual agreement of two or more persons or parties, or one of the stipulations in such an agreement.

Then Jonathan and David made a covenant. 1 Sam. xviiii. 3.

Let there be covenants drawn between us. Shak.

If we conclude a peace, It shall be with such strict and severe covenants As little shall the Frenchmen gain thereby. Shak.

2. (Eccl. Hist.) An agreement made by the Scottish Parliament in 1638, and by the English Parliament in 1643, to preserve the reformed religion in Scotland, and to extirpate popery and prelacy; -- usually called the "Solemn League and Covenant."

He [Wharton] was born in the days of the Covenant, and was the heir of a covenanted house. Macaulay.

3. (Theol.) The promises of God as revealed in the Scriptures, conditioned on certain terms on the part of man, as obedience, repentance, faith, etc.

I will establish my covenant between me and thee and thy seed after thee in their generations for an everlasting covenant, to be a God unto thee, and to thy seed after thee. Gen. xvii. 7.

4. A solemn compact between members of a church to maintain its faith, discipline, etc.

5. (Law) (a) An undertaking, on sufficient consideration, in writing and under seal, to do or to refrain from some act or thing; a contract; a stipulation; also, the document or writing containing the terms of agreement. (b) A form of action for the violation of a promise or contract under seal.

Syn. -- Agreement; contract; compact; bargain; arrangement; stipulation. -- Covenant, Contract, Compact, Stipulation. These words all denote a mutual agreement between two parties. Covenant is frequently used in a religious sense; as, the covenant of works or of grace; a church covenant; the Solemn League and Covenant. Contract is the word most used in the business of life. Crabb and Taylor are wrong in saying that a contract must always be in writing. There are oral and implied contracts as well as written ones, and these are equally enforced by law. In legal usage, the word covenant has an important place as connected with contracts. A compact is only a stronger and more solemn contract. The term is chiefly applied to political alliances. Thus, the old Confederation was a compact between the States. Under the present Federal Constitution, no individual State can, without consent of Congress, enter into a compact with any other State or foreign power. A stipulation is one of the articles or provisions of a contract.

Cov"e*nant (k?v"?-n?nt), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Covenanted; p. pr. & vb. n. Covenanting.] To agree (with); to enter into a formal agreement; to bind one's self by contract; to make a stipulation.

Jupiter covenanted with him, that it should be hot or cold, wet or dry, . . . as the tenant should direct. L'Estrange.

And they covenanted with him for thyrty pieces of silver. Matt. xxvi. 15.

Syn. -- To agree; contract; bargain; stipulate.

Cov"e*nant, v. t. To grant or promise by covenant.

My covenant of peace that I covenanted with you. Wyclif.

Cov`e*nan*tee" (k?v`?-nan-t?"), n. (Law) The person in whose favor a covenant is made.

Cov"e*nant*er (k?v"?-n?nt-?r), n. 1. One who makes a covenant.

2. (Eccl. Hist.) One who subscribed and defended the "Solemn League and Covenant." See Covenant.

Cov"e*nant*ing, a. Belonging to a covenant. Specifically, belonging to the Scotch Covenanters.

Be they covenanting traitors, Or the brood of false Argyle? Aytoun.

Cov"e*nant*or` (-?r`), n. (Law) The party who makes a covenant. Burrill.

Cov"e*nous (k?v"?-n?s), a. See Covinous, and Covin.

Cov"ent (k?v"ent), n. [OF. covent, F. couvent. See Convent.] A convent or monastery. [Obs.] Bale.

Covent Garden, a large square in London, so called because originally it was the garden of a monastery.

Cov"en*try (k?v"en-tr?), n. A town in the county of Warwick, England.

To send to Coventry, to exclude from society; to shut out from social intercourse, as for ungentlemanly conduct. -- Coventry blue, blue thread of a superior dye, made at Coventry, England, and used for embroidery.