Chapter 60

Com*pas"sion (?), n. [F., fr. L. compassio, fr. compati to have compassion; com- + pati to bear, suffer. See Patient.] Literally, suffering with another; a sensation of sorrow excited by the distress or misfortunes of another; pity; commiseration.

Womanly ingenuity set to work by womanly compassion. Macaulay.

Syn. -- Pity; sympathy; commiseration; fellow-feeling; mercy; condolence. See Pity.

Com*pas"sion, v. t. To pity. [Obs.] Shak.

Com*pas"sion*a*ble (?), a. Deserving compassion or pity; pitiable. [R.] Barrow.

Com*pas"sion*ate (?), a. 1. Having a temper or disposition to pity; sympathetic; merciful.

There never was any heart truly great and generous, that was not also tender and compassionate. South.

2. Complaining; inviting pity; pitiable. [R.] Shak.

Syn. -- Sympathizing; tender; merciful; pitiful.

Com*pas"sion*ate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Compassionated (#); p. pr. & vb. n. Compassionating (#).] To have compassion for; to pity; to commiserate; to sympathize with.

Compassionates my pains, and pities me. Addison.

Com*pas"sion*ate*ly (?), adv. In a compassionate manner; mercifully. Clarendon.

Com*pas"sion*ate*ness, n. The quality or state of being compassionate.

Com"pass*less (?), a. Having no compass. Knowles.

Com`pa*ter"ni*ty (?), n. [LL. compaternitas, fr. compater godfather; com- + pater father.] The relation of a godfather to a person. [Obs.]

The relation of gossipred or compaternity by the canon law is a spiritual affinity. Sir J. Davies.

Com*pat`i*bil"i*ty (?), n. [Cf. F. compatibilitÚ.] The quality or power of being compatible or congruous; congruity; as, a compatibility of tempers; a compatibility of properties.

Com*pat"i*ble (?), a. [F., fr. LL. compatibilis, fr. L. compati. See Compassion.] Capable of existing in harmony; congruous; suitable; not repugnant; -- usually followed by with.

Our poets have joined together such qualities as are by nature the most compatible. Broome.

Syn. -- Consistent; suitable; agreeable; accordant.

Com*pat"i*ble*ness, n. Compatibility; consistency; fitness; agreement.

Com*pat"i*bly, adv. In a compatible manner.

Com*pa"tient (?), a. [L. compatients, p. pr. of compati. See Compassion.] Suffering or enduring together. [Obs.] Sir G. Buck.

Com*pa"tri*ot (?), n. [F. compatriote, LL. compatriotus; com- + patriota a native. See Patriot, and cf. Copatriot.] One of the same country, and having like interests and feeling.

The distrust with which they felt themselves to be regarded by their compatriots in America. Palfrey.

Com*pa"tri*ot, a. Of the same country; having a common sentiment of patriotism.

She [Britain] rears to freedom an undaunted race, Compatriot, zealous, hospitable, kind. Thomson.

Com*pa"tri*ot*ism (?), n. The condition of being compatriots.

Com*pear" (?), v. i. [F. comparoir, L. comparēre; com- + parēre to appear.] 1. To appear. [Obs.]

2. (Law) To appear in court personally or by attorney. [Scot.]

Com*peer" (?), [OE. comper, through French fr. L. compar; com- + par equal. See Peer an equal, and cf. 1st Compare.] An equal, as in rank, age, prowess, etc.; a companion; a comrade; a mate.

And him thus answer'd soon his bold compeer. Milton.

His compeer in arms. Ford.

Com*peer", v. t. To be equal with; to match. [R.]

In my rights, By me invested, he compeers the best. Shak.

{ Com*peer", Com*peir" (?), } v. i. See Compear.

Com*pel" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Compelled (?); p. pr. & vb. n Compelling.] [L. compellere, compulsum, to drive together, to compel, urge; com- + pellere to drive: cf. OF. compellir. See Pulse.] 1. To drive or urge with force, or irresistibly; to force; to constrain; to oblige; to necessitate, either by physical or moral force.

Wolsey . . . compelled the people to pay up the whole subsidy at once. Hallam.

And they compel one Simon . . . to bear his cross. Mark xv. 21.

2. To take by force or violence; to seize; to exact; to extort. [R.]

Commissions, which compel from each The sixth part of his substance. Shak.

3. To force to yield; to overpower; to subjugate.

Easy sleep their weary limbs compelled. Dryden.

I compel all creatures to my will. Tennyson.

4. To gather or unite in a crowd or company. [A Latinism] "In one troop compelled." Dryden.

5. To call forth; to summon. [Obs.] Chapman.

She had this knight from far compelled. Spenser.

Syn. -- To force; constrain; oblige; necessitate; coerce. See Coerce.

Com*pel" (?), v. i. To make one yield or submit. "If she can not entreat, I can compel." Shak.

Com*pel"la*ble (?), a. Capable of being compelled or constrained. Blackstone.

Com*pel"la*bly, adv. By compulsion.

Com`pel*la"tion (?), n. [L. compellatio, fr. compellare to accost, fr. compellere. See Compel.] Style of address or salutation; an appellation. "Metaphorical compellations." Milton.

He useth this endearing compellation, "My little children." Bp. Beveridge.

The peculiar compellation of the kings in France is by "Sire," which is nothing else but father. Sir W. Temple.

Com*pel"la*tive (?), n. (Gram.) The name by which a person is addressed; an appellative.

Com*pel"la*to*ry (?), a. Serving to compel; compulsory. [R.]

Com*pel"ler (?), n. One who compels or constrains.

Com"pend (?), n. A compendium; an epitome; a summary.

A compend and recapitulation of the Mosaical law. Bp. Burnet.

Com*pen`di*a"ri*ous (?), a. [L. compendiarius.] Short; compendious. [Obs.] Bailey.

Com*pen"di*ate (?), v. t. [L. compendiatus, p. p. of compendiare to shorten, fr. compendium.] To sum or collect together. [Obs.] Bp. King.

Com*pen"di*ous (?), a. [L. compendiosus.] Containing the substance or general principles of a subject or work in a narrow compass; abridged; summarized.

More compendious and expeditious ways. Woodward.

Three things be required in the oration of a man having authority -- that it be compendious, sententious, and delectable. Sir T. Elyot.

Syn. -- Short; summary; abridged; condensed; comprehensive; succinct; brief; concise.

Com*pen"di*ous*ly, adv. In a compendious manner.

Compendiously expressed by the word chaos. Bentley.

Com*pen"di*ous*ness, n. The state or quality of being compendious.

Com*pen"di*um (?), n.; pl. E. Compendiums (#), L. Compendia (#). [L. compendium that which is weighed, saved, or shortened, a short way, fr. compendere to weigh; com- + pendere to weigh. See Pension, and cf. Compend.] A brief compilation or composition, containing the principal heads, or general principles, of a larger work or system; an abridgment; an epitome; a compend; a condensed summary.

A short system or compendium of a science. I. Watts.

Syn. -- See Abridgment.

Com"pen*sate (? or ?; 277), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Compensated; p. pr. & vb. n. Compensating.] [L. compensatus, p. p. of compensare, prop., to weigh several things with one another, to balance with one another, verb intens. fr. compendere. See Compendium.] 1. To make equal return to; to remunerate; to recompense; to give an equivalent to; to requite suitably; as, to compensate a laborer for his work, or a merchant for his losses.

2. To be equivalent in value or effect to; to counterbalance; to make up for; to make amends for.

The length of the night and the dews thereof do compensate the heat of the day. Bacon.

The pleasures of life do not compensate the miseries. Prior.

Syn. -- To recompense; remunerate; indemnify; reward; requite; counterbalance.

Com"pen*sate, v. i. To make amends; to supply an equivalent; -- followed by for; as, nothing can compensate for the loss of reputation.

Com`pen*sa"tion (?), n. [L. compensatio a weighing, a balancing of accounts.] 1. The act or principle of compensating. Emerson.

2. That which constitutes, or is regarded as, an equivalent; that which makes good the lack or variation of something else; that which compensates for loss or privation; amends; remuneration; recompense.

The parliament which dissolved the monastic foundations . . . vouchsafed not a word toward securing the slightest compensation to the dispossessed owners. Hallam.

No pecuniary compensation can possibly reward them. Burke.

3. (Law) (a)The extinction of debts of which two persons are reciprocally debtors by the credits of which they are reciprocally creditors; the payment of a debt by a credit of equal amount; a set-off. Bouvier. Wharton. (b) A recompense or reward for some loss or service. (c) An equivalent stipulated for in contracts for the sale of real estate, in which it is customary to provide that errors in description, etc., shall not avoid, but shall be the subject of compensation.

Compensation balance, or Compensated balance, a kind of balance wheel for a timepiece. The rim is usually made of two different metals having different expansibility under changes of temperature, so arranged as to counteract each other and preserve uniformity of movement. -- Compensation pendulum. See Pendulum.

Syn. -- Recompense; reward; indemnification; consideration; requital; satisfaction; set-off.

Com*pen"sa*tive (?), a. [LL. compensativus.] Affording compensation.

Com*pen"sa*tive, n. Compensation. [R.] Lamb.

Com"pen*sa`tor (?), n. 1. One who, or that which, compensates; -- a name applied to various mechanical devices.

2. (Naut.) An iron plate or magnet placed near the compass on iron vessels to neutralize the effect of the ship's attraction on the needle.

Com*pen"sa*to*ry (?), a. Serving for compensation; making amends. Jer. Taylor.

Com*pense" (?), v. t. [F. compenser. See Compensate.] To compensate. [Obs.] Bacon.

Com`pe*ren"di*nate (?), v. t. [L. comperendinatus, p. p. of comperendinare to defer (the time of trial.)] To delay. Bailey.

Com*pesce" (?), v. t. [L. compescere.] To hold in check; to restrain. [R.] Carlyle.

Com*pete" (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Competed; p. pr. & vb. n. Competing.] [L. completere, competitum; com- + petere to seek. See Petition.] To contend emulously; to seek or strive for the same thing, position, or reward for which another is striving; to contend in rivalry, as for a prize or in business; as, tradesmen compete with one another.

The rival statesmen, with eyes fixed on America, were all the while competing for European alliances. Bancroft.

{ Com"pe*tence (?), Com"pe*ten*cy (?) }, n. [Cf. F. compÚtence, from L. competentia agreement.] 1. The state of being competent; fitness; ability; adequacy; power.

The loan demonstrates, in regard to instrumental resources, the competency of this kingdom to the assertion of the common cause. Burke.

To make them act zealously is not in the competence of law. Burke.

2. Property or means sufficient for the necessaries and conveniences of life; sufficiency without excess.

Reason's whole pleasure, all the joys of sense, Lie in three words -- health, peace, and competence. Pope.

Superfluity comes sooner by white hairs, but competency lives longer. Shak.

3. (Law) (a) Legal capacity or qualifications; fitness; as, the competency of a witness or of a evidence. (b) Right or authority; legal power or capacity to take cognizance of a cause; as, the competence of a judge or court. Kent.

Com"pe*tent (k&obreve;m"p&esl;*tent; 94), a. [F. compÚtent, p. pr. of compÚter to be in the competency of, LL. competere to strive after together, to agree with; hence, to be fit. See Compete.] 1. Answering to all requirements; adequate; sufficient; suitable; capable; legally qualified; fit. "A competent knowledge of the world." Atterbury. "Competent age." Grafton. "Competent statesmen." Palfrey. /"A competent witness." Bouvier.

2. Rightfully or properly belonging; incident; -- followed by to. [Rare, except in legal usage.]

That is the privilege of the infinite Author of things, . . . but is not competent to any finite being. Locke.

Syn. -- See Qualified.

Com"pe*tent*ly, adv. In a competent manner; adequately; suitably.

Com*pet"i*ble (?), a. Compatible; suitable; consistent. [Obs.] Sir M. Hale.

Com`pe*ti"tion (?), n. [L. competition. See Compete.] The act of seeking, or endeavoring to gain, what another is endeavoring to gain at the same time; common strife for the same objects; strife for superiority; emulous contest; rivalry, as for approbation, for a prize, or as where two or more persons are engaged in the same business and each seeking patronage; -- followed by for before the object sought, and with before the person or thing competed with.

Competition to the crown there is none, nor can be. Bacon.

A portrait, with which one of Titian's could not come in competition. Dryden.

There is no competition but for the second place. Dryden.

Where competition does not act at all there is complete monopoly. A. T. Hadley.

Syn. -- Emulation; rivalry; rivalship; contest; struggle; contention; opposition; jealousy. See Emulation.

Com*pet"i*tive (?), a. Of or pertaining to competition; producing competition; competitory; as, a competitive examination.

Com*pet"i*tor (?), n. [L.: cf. F. compÚtiteur.] 1. One who seeks what another seeks, or claims what another claims; one who competes; a rival.

And can not brook competitors in love. Shak.

2. An associate; a confederate. [Obs.]

Every hour more competitors Flock to their aid, and still their power increaseth. Shak.

Com*pet"i*to*ry (?), a. Acting in competition; competing; rival.

Com*pet"i*tress (?), n. A woman who competes.

Com*pet"i*trix (?), n. [L.] A competitress.

Com"pi*la"tion (?), n. [L. compilatio: cf. F. compilation.] 1. The act or process of compiling or gathering together from various sources.

2. That which is compiled; especially, a book or document composed of materials gathering from other books or documents.

His [Goldsmith's] compilations are widely distinguished from the compilations of ordinary bookmakers. Macaulay.

Com"pi*la`tor (?), n. [L.] Compiler. [Obs.]

Com*pile" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Compiled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Compiling.] [F. compiler, fr.L. compilare to plunder, pillage; com- + pilare to plunder. See Pill, v. t., Pillage.] 1. To put together; to construct; to build. [Obs.]

Before that Merlin died, he did intend A brazen wall in compass to compile. Spenser.

2. To contain or comprise. [Obs.]

Which these six books compile. Spenser.

3. To put together in a new form out of materials already existing; esp., to put together or compose out of materials from other books or documents.

He [Goldsmith] compiled for the use of schools a History of Rome. Macaulay.

4. To write; to compose. [Obs.] Sir W. Temple.

Com*pile"ment (?), n. Compilation. [R.]

Com*pil"er (?), n. [OE. compiluor; cf. OF. compileor, fr. L. compilator.] One who compiles; esp., one who makes books by compilation.

Com*pinge" (?), v. t. [L. compingere.] To compress; to shut up. [Obs.] Burton.

{ Com*pla"cence (?), Com*pla"cen*cy (?) }, n. [LL. complacentia: cf. F. complaisance. See Complacent, and cf. Complaisance.] 1. Calm contentment; satisfaction; gratification.

The inward complacence we find in acting reasonably and virtuously. Atterbury.

Others proclaim the infirmities of a great man with satisfaction and complacency, if they discover none of the like in themselves. Addison.

2. The cause of pleasure or joy. "O thou, my sole complacence." Milton.

3. The manifestation of contentment or satisfaction; good nature; kindness; civility; affability.

Complacency, and truth, and manly sweetness, Dwell ever on his tongue, and smooth his thoughts. Addison.

With mean complacence ne'er betray your trust. Pope.

Com*pla"cent (?), a. [L. complacens very pleasing, p. pr. of complacere; com- + placere to please: cf. F. complaisant. See Please and cf. Complaisant.] Self-satisfied; contented; kindly; as, a complacent temper; a complacent smile.

They look up with a sort of complacent awe . . . to kings. Burke.

Com`pla*cen"tial (?), a. Marked by, or causing, complacence. [Obs.] "Complacential love." Baxter.

Com*pla"cent*ly (?), adv. In a complacent manner.

Com*plain" (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Complained (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Complaining.] [F. complaindre, LL. complangere; com- + L. plangere to strike, beat, to beat the breast or head as a sign of grief, to lament. See Plaint.] 1. To give utterance to expression of grief, pain, censure, regret. etc.; to lament; to murmur; to find fault; -- commonly used with of. Also, to creak or squeak, as a timber or wheel.

O loss of sight, of thee I most complain! Milton.

2. To make a formal accusation; to make a charge.

Now, Master Shallow, you'll complain of me to the king? Shak.

Syn. -- To repine; grumble; deplore; bewail; grieve; mourn; regret; murmur.

Com*plain", v. t. To lament; to bewail. [Obs.]

They might the grievance inwardly complain. Daniel.

By chaste Lucrece's soul that late complain'd Her wrongs to us. Shak.

Com*plain"a*ble (?), a. That may be complained of. [R.] Feltham.

Com*plain"ant (?), n. [F. complaignant, p. pr. of complaindre.] 1. One who makes complaint.

Eager complainants of the dispute. Collier.

2. (Law) (a) One who commences a legal process by a complaint. (b) The party suing in equity, answering to the plaintiff at common law.

He shall forfeit one moiety to the use of the town, and the other moiety to the use of the complainant. Statutes of Mass.

Com*plain"er (?), n. One who complains or laments; one who finds fault; a murmurer. Beattie.

Speechless complainer, I will learn thy thought. Shak.

Com*plaint" (?), n. [F. complainte. See Complain.] 1. Expression of grief, regret, pain, censure, or resentment; lamentation; murmuring; accusation; fault-finding.

I poured out my complaint before him. Ps. cxlii. 2.

Grievous complaints of you. Shak.

2. Cause or subject of complaint or murmuring.

The poverty of the clergy in England hath been the complaint of all who wish well to the church. Swift.

3. An ailment or disease of the body.

One in a complaint of his bowels. Arbuthnot.

4. (Law) A formal allegation or charge against a party made or presented to the appropriate court or officer, as for a wrong done or a crime committed (in the latter case, generally under oath); an information; accusation; the initial bill in proceedings in equity.

Syn. -- Lamentation; murmuring; sorrow; grief; disease; illness; disorder; malady; ailment.

Com*plaint"ful (?), a. Full of complaint. [Obs.]

Com"plai*sance` (?; 277), n. [F. complaisance. See Complaisant, and cf. Complacence.] Disposition to please or oblige; obliging compliance with the wishes of others; a deportment indicative of a desire to please; courtesy; civility.

These [ladies] . . . are by the just complaisance and gallantry of our nation the most powerful part of our people. Addison.

They strive with their own hearts and keep them down, In complaisance to all the fools in town. Young.

Syn. -- Civility; courtesy; urbanity; suavity; affability; good breeding.

Com"plai*sant (?), a. [F. complaisant, p. pr. of complaire to acquiesce as a favor, fr. L. complacere. See Complacent.] Desirous to please; courteous; obliging; compliant; as, a complaisant gentleman.

There are to whom my satire seems too bold: Scarce to wise Peter complaisant enough. Pope.

Syn. -- Obliging; courteous; affable; gracious; civil; polite; well-bred. See Obliging.

-- Com"plai*sant`ly, adv. -- Com"plai*sant`ness, n.

Com*pla"nar (?), a. See Coplanar.

Com"pla*nate (? or &?;), a. [L. complanatus, p. p. of complanare to make plane. See Plane, v. t.] Flattened to a level surface. [R.]

Com"pla*nate (?), v. t. To make level. [R.]

Com*plect"ed (?), a. Complexioned. [Low, New Eng.]

Com"ple*ment (?), n. [L. complementun: cf. F. complÚment. See Complete, v. t., and cf. Compliment.] 1. That which fills up or completes; the quantity or number required to fill a thing or make it complete.

2. That which is required to supply a deficiency, or to complete a symmetrical whole.

History is the complement of poetry. Sir J. Stephen.

3. Full quantity, number, or amount; a complete set; completeness.

To exceed his complement and number appointed him which was one hundred and twenty persons. Hakluyt.

4. (Math.) A second quantity added to a given quantity to make it equal to a third given quantity.

5. Something added for ornamentation; an accessory. [Obs.]

Without vain art or curious complements. Spenser.

6. (Naut.) The whole working force of a vessel.

7. (Mus.) The interval wanting to complete the octave; -- the fourth is the complement of the fifth, the sixth of the third.

8. A compliment. [Obs.] Shak.

Arithmetical compliment of a logarithm. See under Logarithm. -- Arithmetical complement of a number (Math.), the difference between that number and the next higher power of 10; as, 4 is the complement of 6, and 16 of 84. -- Complement of an arc or angle (Geom.), the difference between that arc or angle and 90░. -- Complement of a parallelogram. (Math.) See Gnomon. -- In her complement (Her.), said of the moon when represented as full.

Com"ple*ment (?), v. t. 1. To supply a lack; to supplement. [R.]

2. To compliment. [Obs.] Jer. Taylor.

Com`ple*men"tal (?), a. 1. Supplying, or tending to supply, a deficiency; fully completing. "Complemental ceremony." Prynne.

2. Complimentary; courteous. [Obs.] Shak.

Complemental air (Physiol.), the air (averaging 100 cubic inches) which can be drawn into the lungs in addition to the tidal air, by the deepest possible inspiration. -- Complemental males (Zo÷l.), peculiar small males living parasitically on the ordinary hermaphrodite individuals of certain barnacles.

Com`ple*men"ta*ry (?), a. Serving to fill out or to complete; as, complementary numbers.

Complementary colors. See under Color. -- Complementary angles (Math.), two angles whose sum is 90░.

Com`ple*men"ta*ry, n. [See Complimentary.] One skilled in compliments. [Obs.] B. Jonson.

Com*plete" (?), a. [L. completus, p. p. of complere to fill up; com- + plere to fill. See Full, a., and cf. Comply, Compline.] 1. Filled up; with no part or element lacking; free from deficiency; entire; perfect; consummate. "Complete perfections." Milton.

Ye are complete in him. Col. ii. 10.

That thou, dead corse, again in complete steel Revisit'st thus the glimpses of the moon. Shak.

2. Finished; ended; concluded; completed; as, the edifice is complete.

This course of vanity almost complete. Prior.

3. (Bot.) Having all the parts or organs which belong to it or to the typical form; having calyx, corolla, stamens, and pistil.

Syn. -- See Whole.

Com*plete", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Completed; p. pr. & vb. n. Completing.] To bring to a state in which there is no deficiency; to perfect; to consummate; to accomplish; to fulfill; to finish; as, to complete a task, or a poem; to complete a course of education.

Bred only and completed to the taste Of lustful appetence. Milton.

And, to complete her bliss, a fool for mate. Pope.

Syn. -- To perform; execute; terminate; conclude; finish; end; fill up; achieve; realize; effect; consummate; accomplish; effectuate; fulfill; bring to pass.

Com*plete"ly, adv. In a complete manner; fully.

Com*plete"ment (?), n. Act of completing or perfecting; completion. [Obs.] Dryden.

Com*plete"ness, n. The state of being complete.

Com*ple"tion (?), n. [L. completio a filling, a fulfillment.] 1. The act or process of making complete; the getting through to the end; as, the completion of an undertaking, an education, a service.

The completion of some repairs. Prescott.

2. State of being complete; fulfillment; accomplishment; realization.

Predictions receiving their completion in Christ. South.

Com*ple"tive (?), a. [L. completivus: cf. F. complÚtif.] Making complete. [R.] J. Harris.

Com*ple"to*ry (?), a. Serving to fulfill.

Completory of ancient presignifications. Barrow.

Com"ple*to"ry (? or ?), n. [L. completorium.] (Eccl.) Same as Compline.