Chapter 45

Clin"ic (?), n. [See Clinical.] 1. One confined to the bed by sickness.

2. (Eccl.) One who receives baptism on a sick bed. [Obs.] Hook.

3. (Med.) A school, or a session of a school or class, in which medicine or surgery is taught by the examination and treatment of patients in the presence of the pupils.

{ Clin"ic*al (kl&ibreve;n"&ibreve;k*al), Clin"ic (kl&ibreve;n"&ibreve;k) }, a. [Gr. kliniko`s, fr. kli`nh bed, fr. kli`nein to lean, recline: cf. F. clinique. See Lean, v. i.] 1. Of or pertaining to a bed, especially, a sick bed.

2. Of or pertaining to a clinic, or to the study of disease in the living subject.

Clinical baptism, baptism administered to a person on a sick bed. -- Clinical instruction, instruction by means of clinics. -- Clinical lecture (Med.), a discourse upon medical topics illustrated by the exhibition and examination of living patients. -- Clinical medicine, Clinical surgery, that part of medicine or surgery which is occupied with the investigation of disease in the living subject.

Clin"ic*al*ly, adv. In a clinical manner.

||Cli*nique" (?), n. [F.] (Med.) A clinic.

||Clin"i*um (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. kli`nh bed.] (Bot.) See Clinanthium.

Clink (kl&ibreve;&nsm;k), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Clinked (kl&ibreve;&nsm;kt); p. pr. & vb. n. Clinking.] [OE. clinken; akin to G. klingen, D. klinken, SW. klinga, Dan. klinge; prob. of imitative origin. Cf. Clank, Clench, Click, v. i.] To cause to give out a slight, sharp, tinkling, sound, as by striking metallic or other sonorous bodies together.

And let me the canakin clink. Shak.

Clink (kl&ibreve;&nsm;k), v. i. 1. To give out a slight, sharp, tinkling sound. "The clinking latch." Tennyson.

2. To rhyme. [Humorous]. Cowper.

Clink, n. A slight, sharp, tinkling sound, made by the collision of sonorous bodies. "Clink and fall of swords." Shak.

Clin"kant (kl&ibreve;&nsm;"kant), a. See Clinquant.

Clink"er (kl&ibreve;&nsm;k"&etilde;r), n. [From clink; cf. D. clinker a brick which is so hard that it makes a sonorous sound, from clinken to clink. Cf. Clinkstone.] 1. A mass composed of several bricks run together by the action of the fire in the kiln.

2. Scoria or vitrified incombustible matter, formed in a grate or furnace where anthracite coal in used; vitrified or burnt matter ejected from a volcano; slag.

3. A scale of oxide of iron, formed in forging.

4. A kind of brick. See Dutch clinker, under Dutch.

Clink"er-built (?), a. (Naut.) Having the side planks (af a boat) so arranged that the lower edge of each overlaps the upper edge of the plank next below it like clapboards on a house. See Lapstreak.

Clink"stone` (?; 110), n. [Clink + stone; -- from its sonorousness.] (Min.) An igneous rock of feldspathic composition, lamellar in structure, and clinking under the hammer. See Phonolite.

Cli`no*di*ag"o*nal (?), n. [Gr. kli`nein to incline + E. diagonal.] (Crystallog.) That diagonal or lateral axis in a monoclinic crystal which makes an oblique angle with the vertical axis. See Crystallization. -- a. Pertaining to, or the direction of, the clinodiagonal.

Cli"no*dome` (?), n. [Gr. kli`nein to incline + E. dome.] (Crystallog.) See under Dome.

Cli"no*graph"ic (?), a. [Gr. kli`nein to incline + -graph.] Pertaining to that mode of projection in drawing in which the rays of light are supposed to fall obliquely on the plane of projection.

Cli"noid (?), a. [Gr. kli`nh bed + -oid.] (Anat.) Like a bed; -- applied to several processes on the inner side of the sphenoid bone.

Cli*nom"e*ter (?), n. [Gr. kli`nein to incline + -meter.] (Geol.) An instrument for determining the dip of beds or strata, pr the slope of an embankment or cutting; a kind of plumb level. Dana.

Clin`o*met"ric (?), a. 1. Pertaining to, or ascertained by, the clinometer.

2. Pertaining to the oblique crystalline forms, or to solids which have oblique angles between the axes; as, the clinometric systems.

Cli*nom"e*try (?), n. (geol.) That art or operation of measuring the inclination of strata.

Cli`no*pin"a*coid (?), n. [Gr. kli`nein to incline + E. pinacoid.] (Crystallog.) The plane in crystals of the monoclinic system which is parallel to the vertical and the inclined lateral (clinidiagonal) axes.

Cli`no*rhom"bic (?), a. [Gr. kli`nein to incline + E. rhombic: cf. F. clinorhombique.] (Crystallog.) Possessing the qualities of a prism, obliquely inclined to a rhombic base; monoclinic.

Clin"quant (?), a. [F.] Glittering; dressed in, or overlaid with, tinsel finery. [Obs.] Shak.

Clin"quant, n. Tinsel; Dutch gold.

Cli"o (?), n. [L., fr. Gr. &?; the proclaimer, fr. &?; to call, tell of, make famous.] (Class. Myth.) The Muse who presided over history.

Cli*o"ne (?), n. A genus of naked pteropods. One species (Clione papilonacea), abundant in the Arctic Ocean, constitutes a part of the food of the Greenland whale. It is sometimes incorrectly called Clio.

Clip (kl&ibreve;p), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Clipped (kl&ibreve;pt); p. pr. & vb. n. Clipping.] [OE. cluppen, clippen, to embrace, AS. clyran to embrace, clasp; cf. OHG. kluft tongs, shears, Icel, kl&ymacr;pa to pinch, squeeze, also OE. clippen to cut, shear, Dan. klippe to clip, cut, SW. & Icel. klippa.] 1. To embrace, hence; to encompass.

O . . . that Neptune's arms, who clippeth thee about, Would bear thee from the knowledge of thyself. Shak.

2. To cut off; as with shears or scissors; as, to clip the hair; to clip coin.

Sentenced to have his ears clipped. Macaulay.

3. To curtail; to cut short.

All my reports go with the modest truth; No more nor clipped, but so. Shak.

In London they clip their words after one manner about the court, another in the city, and a third in the suburbs. Swift.

Clip (kl&ibreve;p), v. i. To move swiftly; -- usually with indefinite it.

Straight flies as chek, and clips it down the wind. Dryden.

Clip, n. 1. An embrace. Sir P. Sidney.

2. A cutting; a shearing.

3. The product of a single shearing of sheep; a season's crop of wool.

4. A clasp or holder for letters, papers, etc.

5. An embracing strap for holding parts together; the iron strap, with loop, at the ends of a whiffletree. Knight.

6. (Far.) A projecting flange on the upper edge of a horseshoe, turned up so as to embrace the lower part of the hoof; -- called also toe clip and beak. Youatt.

7. A blow or stroke with the hand; as, he hit him a clip. [Colloq. U. S.]

Clip"per (?), n. 1. One who clips; specifically, one who clips off the edges of coin.

The value is pared off from it into the clipper's pocket. Locke.

2. A machine for clipping hair, esp. the hair of horses.

3. (Naut.) A vessel with a sharp bow, built and rigged for fast sailing. -- Clip"per- built` (&?;), a.

&fist; The name was first borne by "Baltimore clippers" famous as privateers in the early wars of the United States.

Clip"ping (?), n. 1. The act of embracing. [Obs.]

2. The act of cutting off, curtailing, or diminishing; the practice of clipping the edges of coins.

clipping by Englishmen is robbing the honest man who receives clipped money. Locke.

3. That which is clipped off or out of something; a piece separated by clipping; as, newspaper clippings.

||Clique (?), n. [F., fr. OF. cliquer to click. See Click, v. i.] A narrow circle of persons associated by common interests or for the accomplishment of a common purpose; - - generally used in a bad sense.

Clique, v. i. To To associate together in a clannish way; to act with others secretly to gain a desired end; to plot; -- used with together.

Cli"quish (?), a. Of or pertaining to a clique; disposed to from cliques; exclusive in spirit.

-- Cli"*quish*ness, n.

Cli"quism (?), n. The tendency to associate in cliques; the spirit of cliques.

||Cli*tel"lus (?), n. [NL., prob. fr. L. clitellae a packsadle.] (Zo÷l.) A thickened glandular portion of the body of the adult earthworm, consisting of several united segments modified for reproductive purposes.

||Cli"to*ris (? or ?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. &?;, fr. &?; to shut up. It is concealed by the labia pudendi.] (Anat.) A small organ at the upper part of the vulva, homologous to the penis in the male.

Cliv"ers (? or ?), n. See Cleavers.

Cliv"i*ty (?), n.; pl. Clivities (#). [L. clivus hill.] Inclination; ascent or descent; a gradient. [R.]

||Clo"a"ca (?), n.; pl. CloacŠ (#). [L.] 1. A sewer; as, the Cloaca Maxima of Rome.

2. A privy.

3. (Anat.) The common chamber into which the intestinal, urinary, and generative canals discharge in birds, reptiles, amphibians, and many fishes.

Clo*a"cal (?), a. Of or pertaining to a cloaca.

Cloak (?; 110), n. [Of. cloque cloak (from the bell-like shape), bell, F. cloche bell; perh. of Celtic origin and the same word as E. clock. See 1st Clock.] 1. A loose outer garment, extending from the neck downwards, and commonly without sleeves. It is longer than a cape, and is worn both by men and by women.

2. That which conceals; a disguise or pretext; an excuse; a fair pretense; a mask; a cover.

No man is esteemed any ways considerable for policy who wears religion otherwise than as a cloak. South.

Cloak bag, a bag in which a cloak or other clothes are carried; a portmanteau. Shak.

Cloak, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Cloaked (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Cloaking.] To cover with, or as with, a cloak; hence, to hide or conceal.

Now glooming sadly, so to cloak her matter. Spenser.

Syn. -- See Palliate.

Cloak"ed*ly, adv. In a concealed manner.

Cloak"ing, n. 1. The act of covering with a cloak; the act of concealing anything.

To take heed of their dissemblings and cloakings. Strype.

2. The material of which of which cloaks are made.

Cloak"room` (?), n. A room, attached to any place of public resort, where cloaks, overcoats, etc., may be deposited for a time.

Clock (?), n. [AS. clucge bell; akin to D. klok clock, bell, G. glocke, Dan. klokke, Sw. klocka, Icel. klukka bell, LL. clocca, cloca (whence F. cloche); al perh. of Celtic origin; cf. Ir. & Gael. clog bell, clock, W. cloch bell. Cf. Cloak.] 1. A machine for measuring time, indicating the hour and other divisions by means of hands moving on a dial plate. Its works are moved by a weight or a spring, and it is often so constructed as to tell the hour by the stroke of a hammer on a bell. It is not adapted, like the watch, to be carried on the person.

2. A watch, esp. one that strikes. [Obs.] Walton.

3. The striking of a clock. [Obs.] Dryden.

4. A figure or figured work on the ankle or side of a stocking. Swift.

&fist; The phrases what o'clock? it is nine o'clock, etc., are contracted from what of the clock? it is nine of the clock, etc.

Alarm clock. See under Alarm. -- Astronomical clock. (a) A clock of superior construction, with a compensating pendulum, etc., to measure time with great accuracy, for use in astronomical observatories; -- called a regulator when used by watchmakers as a standard for regulating timepieces. (b) A clock with mechanism for indicating certain astronomical phenomena, as the phases of the moon, position of the sun in the ecliptic, equation of time, etc. -- Electric clock. (a) A clock moved or regulated by electricity or electro-magnetism. (b) A clock connected with an electro-magnetic recording apparatus. -- Ship's clock (Naut.), a clock arranged to strike from one to eight strokes, at half hourly intervals, marking the divisions of the ship's watches. -- Sidereal clock, an astronomical clock regulated to keep sidereal time.

Clock (kl&obreve;k), v. t. To ornament with figured work, as the side of a stocking.

Clock, v. t. & i. To call, as a hen. See Cluck. [R.]

Clock, n. (Zo÷l.) A large beetle, esp. the European dung beetle (ScarabŠus stercorarius).

Clock"like` (kl&obreve;k"līk`), a. Like a clock or like clockwork; mechanical.

Their services are clocklike, to be set Backward and forward at their lord's command. B. Jonson.

Clock"work` (-wűrk`), n. The machinery of a clock, or machinery resembling that of a clock; machinery which produces regularity of movement.

Clod (kl&obreve;d), n. [OE. clodde, latter form of clot. See Clot.] 1. A lump or mass, especially of earth, turf, or clay. "Clods of a slimy substance." Carew. "Clods of iron and brass." Milton. "Clods of blood." E. Fairfax.

The earth that casteth up from the plow a great clod, is not so good as that which casteth up a smaller clod. Bacon.

2. The ground; the earth; a spot of earth or turf.

The clod Where once their sultan's horse has trod. Swift.

3. That which is earthy and of little relative value, as the body of man in comparison with the soul.

This cold clod of clay which we carry about with us. T. Burnet.

4. A dull, gross, stupid fellow; a dolt Dryden.

5. A part of the shoulder of a beef creature, or of the neck piece near the shoulder. See Illust. of Beef.

Clod (kl&obreve;d), v. i To collect into clods, or into a thick mass; to coagulate; to clot; as, clodded gore. See Clot.

Clodded in lumps of clay. G. Fletcher.

Clod, v. t. 1. To pelt with clods. Jonson.

2. To throw violently; to hurl. [Scot.] Sir W. Scott.

Clod"dish (?), a. Resembling clods; gross; low; stupid; boorish. Hawthorne.

-- Clod"dish*ness, n.

Clod"dy (?), a. Consisting of clods; full of clods.

Clod"hop`per (?), n. A rude, rustic fellow.

Clod"hop`ping, a. Boorish; rude. C. BrontÚ.

Clod"pate` (?), n. A blockhead; a dolt.

Clod"pat`ed (?), a. Stupid; dull; doltish.

Clod"poll` (?), n. [Clod + poll head.] A stupid fellow; a dolt. [Written also clodpole.] Shak.

Cloff (?; 115), n. [Etymol. uncertain.] Formerly an allowance of two pounds in every three hundred weight after the tare and tret are subtracted; now used only in a general sense, of small deductions from the original weight. [Written also clough.] McCulloch.

Clog (?), n. [OE. clogge clog, Scot. clag, n., a clot, v., to to obstruct, cover with mud or anything adhesive; prob. of the same origin as E. clay.] 1. That which hinders or impedes motion; hence, an encumbrance, restraint, or impediment, of any kind.

All the ancient, honest, juridical principles and institutions of England are so many clogs to check and retard the headlong course of violence and opression. Burke.

2. A weight, as a log or block of wood, attached to a man or an animal to hinder motion.

As a dog . . . but chance breaks loose, And quits his clog. Hudibras.

A clog of lead was round my feet. Tennyson.

3. A shoe, or sandal, intended to protect the feet from wet, or to increase the apparent stature, and having, therefore, a very thick sole. Cf. Chopine.

In France the peasantry goes barefoot; and the middle sort . . . makes use of wooden clogs. Harvey.

Clog almanac, a primitive kind of almanac or calendar, formerly used in England, made by cutting notches and figures on the four edges of a clog, or square piece of wood, brass, or bone; -- called also a Runic staff, from the Runic characters used in the numerical notation. -- Clog dance, a dance performed by a person wearing clogs, or thick-soled shoes. -- Clog dancer.

Clog, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Clogged (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Clogging.] 1. To encumber or load, especially with something that impedes motion; to hamper.

The winds of birds were clogged with ace and snow. Dryden.

2. To obstruct so as to hinder motion in or through; to choke up; as, to clog a tube or a channel.

3. To burden; to trammel; to embarrass; to perplex.

The commodities are clogged with impositions. Addison.

You 'll rue the time That clogs me with this answer. Shak.

Syn. -- Impede; hinder; obstruct; embarrass; burden; restrain; restrict.

Clog, v. i. 1. To become clogged; to become loaded or encumbered, as with extraneous matter.

In working through the bone, the teeth of the saw will begin to clog. S. Sharp.

2. To coalesce or adhere; to unite in a mass.

Move it sometimes with a broom, that the seeds clog not together. Evelyn.

Clog"gi*ness (?), n. The state of being clogged.

Clog"ging, n. Anything which clogs. Dr. H. More.

Clog"gy (?), a. Clogging, or having power to clog.

||Cloi`son*nÚ (?), a. [F., partitioned, fr. cloison a partition.] Inlaid between partitions: -- said of enamel when the lines which divide the different patches of fields are composed of a kind of metal wire secured to the ground; as distinguished from champlevÚ enamel, in which the ground is engraved or scooped out to receive the enamel. S. Wells Williams.

Clois"ter (?), n. [OF. cloistre, F. cloţtre, L. claustrum, pl. claustra, bar, bolt, bounds, fr. claudere, clausum, to close. See Close, v. t., and cf. Claustral.]

1. An inclosed place. [Obs.] Chaucer.

2. A covered passage or ambulatory on one side of a court; (pl.) the series of such passages on the different sides of any court, esp. that of a monastery or a college.

But let my due feet never fail To walk the studious cloister's pale. Milton.

3. A monastic establishment; a place for retirement from the world for religious duties.

Fitter for a cloister than a crown. Daniel.

Cloister garth (Arch.), the garden or open part of a court inclosed by the cloisters.

Syn. -- Cloister, Monastery, Nunnery, Convent, Abbey, Priory. Cloister and convent are generic terms, and denote a place of seclusion from the world for persons who devote their lives to religious purposes. They differ is that the distinctive idea of cloister is that of seclusion from the world, that of convent, community of living. Both terms denote houses for recluses of either sex. A cloister or convent for monks is called a monastery; for nuns, a nunnery. An abbey is a convent or monastic institution governed by an abbot or an abbess; a priory is one governed by a prior or a prioress, and is usually affiliated to an abbey.

Clois"ter (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Cloistered (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Cloistering.] To confine in, or as in, a cloister; to seclude from the world; to immure.

None among them are thought worthy to be styled religious persons but those that cloister themselves up in a monastery. Sharp.

Clois"ter*al (?), a. Cloistral. [Obs.] I. Walton.

Clois"tered (?), a. 1. Dwelling in cloisters; solitary. "Cloistered friars and vestal nuns." Hudibras.

In cloistered state let selfish sages dwell, Proud that their heart is narrow as their cell. Shenstone.

2. Furnished with cloisters. Sir H. Wotton.

Clois"ter*er (?), n. [Cf. OF. cloistier.] One belonging to, or living in, a cloister; a recluse.

Clois"tral (?), a. Of, pertaining to, or confined in, a cloister; recluse. [Written also cloisteral.]

Best become a cloistral exercise. Daniel.

Clois"tress (?), n. A nun. [R.] Shak.

Cloke (?), n. & v. See Cloak. [Obs.]

{ Clomb (?), Clomb"en (?), } imp. & p. p. of Climb (for climbed). [Obs.]

The sonne, he sayde, is clomben up on hevene. Chaucer.

Clomp (?), n. See Clamp.

Clong (?), imp. of Cling. [Obs.]

Clon"ic (?), a. [Gr. klo`nos a violent, confused motion; cf. F. clonique.] (Med.) Having an irregular, convulsive motion. Dunglison.

Clonic spasm. (Med.) See under Spasm.

Cloom (?), v. t. [A variant of clam to clog.] To close with glutinous matter. [Obs.] Mortimer.

Cloop (?), n. [An onomatopťia.] The sound made when a cork is forcibly drawn from a bottle. "The cloop of a cork wrenched from a bottle." Thackeray.

Close (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Closed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Closing.] [From OF. & F. clos, p. p. of clore to close, fr. L. claudere; akin to G. schliessen to shut, and to E. clot, cloister, clavicle, conclude, sluice. Cf. Clause, n.] 1. To stop, or fill up, as an opening; to shut; as, to close the eyes; to close a door.

2. To bring together the parts of; to consolidate; as, to close the ranks of an army; -- often used with up.

3. To bring to an end or period; to conclude; to complete; to finish; to end; to consummate; as, to close a bargain; to close a course of instruction.

One frugal supper did our studies close. Dryden.

4. To come or gather around; to inclose; to encompass; to confine.

The depth closed me round about. Jonah ii. 5.

But now thou dost thyself immure and close In some one corner of a feeble heart. Herbert.

A closed sea, a sea within the jurisdiction of some particular nation, which controls its navigation.

Close, v. i. 1. To come together; to unite or coalesce, as the parts of a wound, or parts separated.

What deep wounds ever closed without a scar? Byron.

2. To end, terminate, or come to a period; as, the debate closed at six o'clock.

3. To grapple; to engage in hand-to-hand fight.

They boldly closed in a hand-to-hand contest. Prescott.

To close on or upon, to come to a mutual agreement; to agree on or join in. "Would induce France and Holland to close upon some measures between them to our disadvantage." Sir W. Temple. -- To close with. (a) To accede to; to consent or agree to; as, to close with the terms proposed. (b) To make an agreement with. -- To close with the land (Naut.), to approach the land.

Close (?), n. 1. The manner of shutting; the union of parts; junction. [Obs.]

The doors of plank were; their close exquisite. Chapman.

2. Conclusion; cessation; ending; end.

His long and troubled life was drawing to a close. Macaulay.

3. A grapple in wrestling. Bacon.

4. (Mus.) (a) The conclusion of a strain of music; cadence. (b) A double bar marking the end.

At every close she made, the attending throng Replied, and bore the burden of the song. Dryden.

Syn. -- Conclusion; termination; cessation; end; ending; extremity; extreme.

Close (? or ?), n. [OF. & F. clos an inclosure, fr. clos, p. p. of clore. See Close, v. t.] 1. An inclosed place; especially, a small field or piece of land surrounded by a wall, hedge, or fence of any kind; -- specifically, the precinct of a cathedral or abbey.

Closes surrounded by the venerable abodes of deans and canons. Macaulay.

2. A narrow passage leading from a street to a court, and the houses within. [Eng.] Halliwell

3. (Law) The interest which one may have in a piece of ground, even though it is not inclosed. Bouvier.

Close (?), a. [Compar. Closer (?); superl. Closest.] [Of. & F. clos, p. p. of clore. See Close, v. t.] 1. Shut fast; closed; tight; as, a close box.

From a close bower this dainty music flowed. Dryden.

2. Narrow; confined; as, a close alley; close quarters. "A close prison." Dickens.

3. Oppressive; without motion or ventilation; causing a feeling of lassitude; -- said of the air, weather, etc.

If the rooms be low-roofed, or full of windows and doors, the one maketh the air close, . . . and the other maketh it exceeding unequal. Bacon.

4. Strictly confined; carefully quarded; as, a close prisoner.

5. Out of the way observation; secluded; secret; hidden. "He yet kept himself close because of Saul." 1 Chron. xii. 1

"Her close intent." Spenser.

6. Disposed to keep secrets; secretive; reticent. "For secrecy, no lady closer." Shak.

7. Having the parts near each other; dense; solid; compact; as applied to bodies; viscous; tenacious; not volatile, as applied to liquids.

The golden globe being put into a press, . . . the water made itself way through the pores of that very close metal. Locke.

8. Concise; to the point; as, close reasoning. "Where the original is close no version can reach it in the same compass." Dryden.

9. Adjoining; near; either in space; time, or thought; -- often followed by to.

Plant the spring crocuses close to a wall. Mortimer.

The thought of the Man of sorrows seemed a very close thing -- not a faint hearsay. G. Eliot.

10. Short; as, to cut grass or hair close.

11. Intimate; familiar; confidential.

League with you I seek And mutual amity, so strait, so close, That I with you must dwell, or you with me. Milton.

12. Nearly equal; almost evenly balanced; as, a close vote. "A close contest." Prescott.

13. Difficult to obtain; as, money is close. Bartlett.

14. Parsimonious; stingy. "A crusty old fellow, as close as a vise." Hawthorne.

15. Adhering strictly to a standard or original; exact; strict; as, a close translation. Locke.