Chapter 32

Rich bounty and dear cherishment. Spenser.

Cher"mes (?), n. See Kermes.

Cher"o*gril (?), n. [L. choerogryllus, Gr. &?;; &?; a young swine + &?; a pig.] (Zo÷l.) See Cony.

Cher`o*kees" (?), n. pl.; sing. Cherokee. (Ethnol.) An Appalachian tribe of Indians, formerly inhabiting the region about the head waters of the Tennessee River. They are now mostly settled in the Indian Territory, and have become one of the most civilized of the Indian Tribes.

Che*root" (ch&esl;*r&oomac;t"; 277), n. [Tamil shuru&tsdot;&tsdot;u, prop., a roll.] A kind of cigar, originally brought from Manila, in the Philippine Islands; now often made of inferior or adulterated tobacco.

Cher"ry (ch&ebreve;r"r&ybreve;), n. [OE. chery, for cherys, fr. F. cerise (cf. AS. cyrs cherry), fr. LL. ceresia, fr. L. cerasus Cherry tree, Gr. keraso`s, perh. fr. ke`ras horn, from the hardness of the wood.] 1. (Bot.) A tree or shrub of the genus Prunus (Which also includes the plum) bearing a fleshy drupe with a bony stone; (a) The common garden cherry (Prunus Cerasus), of which several hundred varieties are cultivated for the fruit, some of which are, the begarreau, blackheart, black Tartarian, oxheart, morelle or morello, May-duke (corrupted from MÚdoc in France). (b) The wild cherry; as, Prunus serotina (wild black cherry), valued for its timber; P. Virginiana (choke cherry), an American shrub which bears astringent fruit; P. avium and P. Padus, European trees (bird cherry).

2. The fruit of the cherry tree, a drupe of various colors and flavors.

3. The timber of the cherry tree, esp. of the black cherry, used in cabinetmaking, etc.

4. A peculiar shade of red, like that of a cherry.

Barbadoes cherry. See under Barbadoes. -- Cherry bird (Zo÷l.), an American bird; the cedar bird; -- so called from its fondness for cherries. -- Cherry bounce, cherry brandy and sugar. -- Cherry brandy, brandy in which cherries have been steeped. -- Cherry laurel (Bot.), an evergreen shrub (Prunus Lauro- cerasus) common in shrubberies, the poisonous leaves of which have a flavor like that of bitter almonds. -- Cherry pepper (Bot.), a species of Capsicum (C. cerasiforme), with small, scarlet, intensely piquant cherry-shaped fruit. -- Cherry pit. (a) A child's play, in which cherries are thrown into a hole. Shak. (b) A cherry stone. -- Cherry rum, rum in which cherries have been steeped. -- Cherry sucker (Zo÷l.), the European spotted flycatcher (Musicapa grisola); -- called also cherry chopper cherry snipe. -- Cherry tree, a tree that bears cherries. -- Ground cherry, Winter cherry, See Alkekengi.

Cher"ry (ch&ebreve;r"r&ybreve;), a. Like a red cherry in color; ruddy; blooming; as, a cherry lip; cherry cheeks.

Cher"so*nese (k&etilde;r"s&osl;*nēs), n. [Gr. cherso`nhsos; che`rsos land + nh`sos island.] A peninsula; a tract of land nearly surrounded by water, but united to a larger tract by a neck of land or isthmus; as, the Cimbric Chersonese, or Jutland; the Tauric Chersonese, or Crimea.

Chert (ch&etilde;rt), n. [Ir. ceart stone, perh. akin to E. crag.] (Min.) An impure, massive, flintlike quartz or hornstone, of a dull color.

Chert"y (?), a. Like chert; containing chert; flinty.

Cher"ub (?), n.; pl. Cherubs (#); but the Hebrew plural Cherubim (#) is also used. [Heb. kerūb.] 1. A mysterious composite being, the winged footstool and chariot of the Almighty, described in Ezekiel i. and x.

I knew that they were the cherubim. Ezek. x. 20.

He rode upon a cherub and did fly. Ps. xviii. 10.

2. A symbolical winged figure of unknown form used in connection with the mercy seat of the Jewish Ark and Temple. Ez. xxv. 18.

3. One of a order of angels, variously represented in art. In European painting the cherubim have been shown as blue, to denote knowledge, as distinguished from the seraphim (see Seraph), and in later art the children's heads with wings are generally called cherubs.

4. A beautiful child; -- so called because artists have represented cherubs as beautiful children.

{ Che*ru"bic (?), Che*ru"bic*al (?), } a. Of or pertaining to cherubs; angelic. "The cherubic host." Milton.

Cher"u*bim (?), n. The Hebrew plural of Cherub.. Cf. Seraphim.

&fist; Cherubims, in the King James version of the bible, is an incorrect form, made by adding the English plural termination to the Hebrew plural cherubim instead of to the singular cherub.

Cher"u*bin (?), a. Cherubic; angelic. [Obs.] Shak.

Cher"u*bin, n. A cherub. [Obs.] Dryden.

Cher"up (?), v. i. [Prob. fr. chirp.] To make a short, shrill, cheerful sound; to chirp. See Chirrup. "Cheruping birds." Drayton.

Cher"up, v. t. To excite or urge on by making a short, shrill, cheerful sound; to cherup to. See Chirrup.

He cherups brisk ear-erecting steed. Cowper.

Cher"up, n. A short, sharp, cheerful noise; a chirp; a chirrup; as, the cherup of a cricket.

Cher"vil (?), n. [AS. cerfille, fr. L. caerefolium, chaerephyllum, Gr. &?;; &?; to rejoice + &?; leaf.] (Bot.) A plant (Anthriscus cerefolium) with pinnately divided aromatic leaves, of which several curled varieties are used in soups and salads.

Ches (?), pret. of Chese. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Chese (?), v. t. To choose [Obs.] Chaucer.

Ches"i*ble (?), n. See Chasuble.

Ches"lip (?), n. (Zo÷l.) The wood louse. [Prov. Eng.]

Chess (?), n. [OE. ches, F. Úchecs, prop. pl. of Úchec check. See 1st Check.] A game played on a chessboard, by two persons, with two differently colored sets of men, sixteen in each set. Each player has a king, a queen, two bishops, two knights, two castles or rooks, and eight pawns.

Chess, n. (Bot.) A species of brome grass (Bromus secalinus) which is a troublesome weed in wheat fields, and is often erroneously regarded as degenerate or changed wheat; it bears a very slight resemblance to oats, and if reaped and ground up with wheat, so as to be used for food, is said to produce narcotic effects; -- called also cheat and Willard's bromus. [U. S.]

&fist; Other species of brome grass are called upright chess, soft chess, etc.

Chess"-ap`ple (?), n. The wild service of Europe (Purus torminalis).

Chess"board` (?), n. The board used in the game of chess, having eight rows of alternate light and dark squares, eight in each row. See Checkerboard.

&fist; The chessboard and the checkerboard are alike.

Ches"sel (?), n. The wooden mold in which cheese is pressed. Simmonds.

Chess"es (?), n. pl. [Cf. F. chassis a framework of carpenty.] (Mil.) The platforms, consisting of two or more planks doweled together, for the flooring of a temporary military bridge. Wilhelm.

&fist;A singular, chess, is sometimes used. "Each chess consists of three planks." Farrow.

Ches"sil (?), n. [OE. chesil, AS. ceosel gravel, sand.] Gravel or pebbles. Halliwell.

Chess"man (?), n.; pl. Chessmen (#). A piece used in the game of chess.

Ches"som (#), n. [Cf. Chisley.] Mellow earth; mold. [Obs.] Bacon.

Chess"tree` (?), n. [Cf. F. chassis a framework of carpentry.] (Naut.) A piece of oak bolted perpendicularly on the side of a vessel, to aid in drawing down and securing the clew of the mainsail.

Ches`sy" cop"per (?). (Min.) The mineral azurite, found in fine crystallization at Chessy, near Lyons; called also chessylite.

Chest (ch&ebreve;st), n. [OE. chest, chist, AS. cest, cist, cyst, L. cista, fr. Gr. ki`sth. Cf. Cist, Cistern.] 1. A large box of wood, or other material, having, like a trunk, a lid, but no covering of skin, leather, or cloth.

Heaps of money crowded in the chest. Dryden.

2. A coffin. [Obs.]

He is now dead and mailed in his cheste. Chaucer.

3. The part of the body inclosed by the ribs and breastbone; the thorax.

4. (Com.) A case in which certain goods, as tea, opium, etc., are transported; hence, the quantity which such a case contains.

5. (Mech.) A tight receptacle or box, usually for holding gas, steam, liquids, etc.; as, the steam chest of an engine; the wind chest of an organ.

Bomb chest, See under Bomb. -- Chest of drawers, a case or movable frame containing drawers.

Chest (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Chested.] 1. To deposit in a chest; to hoard.

2. To place in a coffin. [Obs.]

He dieth and is chested. Gen. 1. 26 (heading).

Chest (?), n. [AS. ceßst.] Strife; contention; controversy. [Obs.] P. Plowman.

Chest"ed, a. Having (such) a chest; -- in composition; as, broad-chested; narrow- chested.

Ches"ter*lite (?), n. [See - lite.] A variety of feldspar found in crystals in the county of Chester, Pennsylvania.

Ches"teyn (?), n. The chestnut tree. [Obs.]

Wilwe, elm, plane, assch, box, chesteyn. Chaucer.

Chest" foun`der (?). (Far.) A rheumatic affection of the muscles of the breast and fore legs of a horse, affecting motion and respiration.

Chest"nut (ch&ebreve;s"nŭt), n. [For chesten-nut; OE. chestein, chesten, chastein, chestnut, fr. AS. cisten in cisten-beßm chestnut tree, influenced by OF. chastaigne, F. chÔtaigne, both the AS. and the F. words coming from L. castanea a chestnut, Gr. ka`stanon, fr. Ka`stana a city of Pontus, where chestnut trees grew in abundance, and whence they were introduced into Europe. Cf. Castanets.] 1. (Bot.) The edible nut of a forest tree (Castanea vesca) of Europe and America. Commonly two or more of the nuts grow in a prickly bur.

2. The tree itself, or its light, coarse- grained timber, used for ornamental work, furniture, etc.

3. A bright brown color, like that of the nut.

4. The horse chestnut (often so used in England).

5. One of the round, or oval, horny plates on the inner sides of the legs of the horse, and allied animals.

6. An old joke or story. [Slang]

Chestnut tree, a tree that bears chestnuts.

Chest"nut, a. Of the color of a chestnut; of a reddish brown color; as, chestnut curls.

Che"tah (chē"t&adot;), n. (Zo÷l.) See Cheetah.

Chet"vert (ch&ebreve;t"v&etilde;rt), n. [Russ. chetverte.] A measure of grain equal to 0.7218 of an imperial quarter, or 5.95 Winchester bushels. [Russia]

Chev"a*chie` (?), n. See Chivachie. [Obs.]

Che"vage (chē"v&asl;j), n. See Chiefage. [Obs.]

||Che*val" (she*v&adot;l"), n.; pl. Chevaux (- vō"). [F. See Cavalcade.] A horse; hence, a support or frame.

Cheval glass, a mirror swinging in a frame, and large enough to reflect the full length figure.

||Che*val"-de-frise" (?), n.; commonly used in the pl. Chevaux-de- frise. [F.; cheval horse + Frise Friesland, where it was first used.] (Mil.) A piece of timber or an iron barrel traversed with iron-pointed spikes or spears, five or six feet long, used to defend a passage, stop a breach, or impede the advance of cavalry, etc.

Obstructions of chain, boom, and cheval-de- frise. W. Irving.

Che`va*lier" (?), n. [F., fr. LL. caballarius. See Cavaller.] 1. A horseman; a knight; a gallant young man. "Mount, chevaliers; to arms." Shak.

2. A member of certain orders of knighthood.

||Chevalier d'industrie (&?;) [F.], one who lives by persevering fraud; a pickpocket; a sharper. -- The Chevalier St. George (Eng. Hist.), James Francis Edward Stuart (son of James II.), called "The Pretender." -- The Young Chevalier, Charles Edward Stuart, son of the Chevalier St. George.

||Che*vaux" (she*vō"), n. pl. See Cheval.

Cheve (chēv), v. i. [OF. chevir. See Chievance.] To come to an issue; to turn out; to succeed; as, to cheve well in a enterprise. [Prov. or Obs.] Holland.

||Cheve*lure" (?), n. [F., head of hair.] A hairlike envelope.

The nucleus and chevelure of nebulous star. Sir. W. Hershel.

Chev"en (?), n. [Cf. F. chevanne. Cf. Chavender.] (Zo÷l.) A river fish; the chub. Sir T. Browne.

Chev"en*tein (?), n. A variant of Chieftain. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Chev"er*il (?), n. [OF. chevrel, F. chevreau, kid, dim. of chevre goat, fr. L. capra. See Caper, v. i.] Soft leather made of kid skin. Fig.: Used as a symbol of flexibility. [Obs.]

Here's wit of cheveril, that stretches from an inch narrow to an ell broad. Shak.

Chev"er*il, a. Made of cheveril; pliant. [Obs.]

A cheveril conscience and a searching wit. Drayton.

Chev"er*li*ize (?), v. i. To make as pliable as kid leather. [Obs.] Br. Montagu.

||Che*vet" (?), n. [F., head of the bed, dim. fr. chef head. See Chief.] (Arch.) The extreme end of the chancel or choir; properly the round or polygonal part.

Chev"i*ot (?), n. 1. A valuable breed of mountain sheep in Scotland, which takes its name from the Cheviot hills.

2. A woolen fabric, for men's clothing.

Chev"i*sance (?), n. [Of. chevisance, chevissance, fr. chevircome to an end, perform, fr. chef head, end, from L. caput head. See Chieve, Chief.]

1. Achievement; deed; performance. [Obs.]

Fortune, the foe of famous chevisance. Spenser.

2. A bargain; profit; gain. [Obs.] Piers Plowman.

3. (O. Eng. Law) (a) A making of contracts. (b) A bargain or contract; an agreement about a matter in dispute, such as a debt; a business compact. (c) An unlawful agreement or contract.

Chev*rette" (?), n. [F., fr. chÚvre goat, fr. L. capra. Cf. Chevron.] (Mil.) A machine for raising guns or mortar into their carriages.

Chev"ron (?), n. [F., rafter, chevron, from chÚvre goat, OF. chevre, fr. L. capra she-goat. See Cheveril.] 1. (Her.) One of the nine honorable ordinaries, consisting of two broad bands of the width of the bar, issuing, respectively from the dexter and sinister bases of the field and conjoined at its center.

2. (Mil.) A distinguishing mark, above the elbow, on the sleeve of a non-commissioned officer's coat.

3. (Arch.) A zigzag molding, or group of moldings, common in Norman architecture.

Chevron bones (Anat.), The V- shaped subvertebral arches which inclose the caudal blood vessels in some animals.

Chev"roned (?), p. a. Having a chevron; decorated with an ornamental figure of a zigzag from.

[A garment] whose nether parts, with their bases, were of watchet cloth of silver, chevroned all over with lace. B. Jonson.

Chev"ron*el (?), n. (Her.) A bearing like a chevron, but of only half its width.

Chev"ron*wise` (?), adv. (Her.) In the manner of a chevron; as, the field may be divided chevronwise.

Chev`ro*tain" (?), n. [F. chevrotin, OF. chevrot little goat, roe, dim. of chevre goat. See Chevron.] (Zo÷l.) A small ruminant of the family TragulidŠ a allied to the musk deer. It inhabits Africa and the East Indies. See Kanchil.

Chev"y (?), v. t. See Chivy, v. t. [Slang, Eng.]

One poor fellow was chevied about among the casks in the storm for ten minutes. London Times.

Chew (ch&udd;), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Chewed (ch&udd;d); p. pr. & vb. n. Chewing.] [As ceˇwan, akin to D. kauwen, G. kauen. Cf. Chaw, Jaw.] 1. To bite and grind with the teeth; to masticate.

2. To ruminate mentally; to meditate on.

He chews revenge, abjuring his offense. Prior.

To chew the cud, to chew the food over again, as a cow; to ruminate; hence, to meditate.

Every beast the parteth the hoof, and cleaveth the cleft into two claws, and cheweth the cud among the beasts, that ye shall eat. Deut. xxiv. 6.

Chew, v. i. To perform the action of biting and grinding with the teeth; to ruminate; to meditate.

old politicians chew wisdom past. Pope.

Chew, n. That which is chewed; that which is held in the mouth at once; a cud. [Law]

Chew"er (?), n. One who chews.

Chew"et, n. A kind of meat pie. [Obs.]

Che"wink (?), n. (Zo÷l.) An american bird (Pipilo erythrophthalmus) of the Finch family, so called from its note; -- called also towhee bunting and ground robin.

Chey*ennes" (?), n. pl.; sing. cheyenne. (Ethnol.) A warlike tribe of indians, related to the blackfeet, formerly inhabiting the region of Wyoming, but now mostly on reservations in the Indian Territory. They are noted for their horsemanship.

Chi"an (?) a. [L. chius, fr. Chios the island Chios, Gr. &?;.] Of or pertaining to Chios, an island in the Ăgean Sea.

Chian earth, a dense, compact kind of earth, from Chios, used anciently as an astringent and a cosmetic. -- Chian turpentine, a fragrant, almost transparent turpentine, obtained from the Pistacia Terebinthus.

Chi*a`ros*cu"rist (?), n. A painter who cares for and studies light and shade rather than color.

{ ||Chia`ro*scu"ro (?), ||Chi*a"ro-os*cu"ro (?), } n. [It., clear dark.] (a) The arrangement of light and dark parts in a work of art, such as a drawing or painting, whether in monochrome or in color. (b) The art or practice of so arranging the light and dark parts as to produce a harmonious effect. Cf. Clair-obscur.

{ Chi"asm (kī"ăz'm), ||Chi*as"ma (k&isl;*ăz"m&adot;), } n. [NL. chiasma, fr. Gr. chi`asma two lines placed crosswise, fr. &?; to mark with a χ.] (Anat.) A commissure; especially, the optic commissure, or crucial union of the optic nerves. -- Chi*as"mal (&?;), a..

||Chi*as"mus (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. chiasmo`s a placing crosswise, fr. chia`zein. See Chiasm.] (Rhet.) An inversion of the order of words or phrases, when repeated or subsequently referred to in a sentence; thus,

If e'er to bless thy sons My voice or hands deny, These hands let useful skill forsake, This voice in silence die. Dwight.

Chi*as"to*lite (k&isl;*ăs"t&osl;*līt), n. [Gr. chiasto`s marked with a χ + -lite. See Chiasm. So called from the resemblance of the cross cuts of its crystals to the Greek letter χ.] (Min.) A variety of andalusite; -- called also macle. The tessellated appearance of a cross section is due to the symmetrical arrangement of impurities in the crystal.

Chib"bal (?), n. (Bot.) See Cibol.

{ ||Chi*bouque", Chi*bouk" } (?), n. [F. chibouque, fr. Turk.] A Turkish pipe, usually with a mouthpiece of amber, a stem, four or five feet long and not pliant, of some valuable wood, and a bowl of baked clay.

||Chic (?), n. [F.] Good form; style. [Slang]

||Chi"ca (?), n. [Sp.] A red coloring matter. extracted from the Bignonia Chica, used by some tribes of South American Indians to stain the skin.

2. A fermented liquor or beer made in South American from a decoction of maize.

3. A popular Moorish, Spanish, and South American dance, said to be the original of the fandango, etc.

Chi*cane" (?), n. [F., prob. earlier meaning a dispute, orig. in the game of mall (F. mail), fr. LGr. &?; the game of mall, fr Pers chaugān club or bat; or possibly ultimated fr. L. ciccus a trible.] The use of artful subterfuge, designed to draw away attention from the merits of a case or question; -- specifically applied to legal proceedings; trickery; chicanery; caviling; sophistry. Prior.

To shuffle from them by chicane. Burke.

To cut short this chicane, I propound it fairly to your own conscience. Berkeley.

Chi*cane", v. i. [Cf. F. chicaner. See Chicane, n.] To use shifts, cavils, or artifices. Burke.

Chi*can"er (?), n. [Cf. F. chicaneur.] One who uses chicanery. Locke.

Chi*can"er*y (?), n. [F. chicanerie.] Mean or unfair artifice to perplex a cause and obscure the truth; stratagem; sharp practice; sophistry.

Irritated by perpetual chicanery. Hallam.

Syn. -- Trickery; sophistry; stratagem.

Chic"co*ry (?), n. See Chicory.

Chich (?), n.; pl. Chiches (&?;). [F. chiche, pois chiche, a dwarf pea, from L. cicer the chick-pea.] (Bot.) The chick-pea.

||Chi"cha (?), n. [Sp.] See Chica.

||Chiche"vache` (?), n. [F. chiche lean + vache cow.] A fabulous cow of enormous size, whose food was patient wives, and which was therefore in very lean condition.

{ Chich"ling (?), Chich"ling vetch` (?), } n. [Chich + -ling.] (Bot.) A leguminous plant (Lathyrus sativus), with broad flattened seeds which are sometimes used for food.

Chick (ch&ibreve;k), v. i. [OE. chykkyn, chyke, chicken.] To sprout, as seed in the ground; to vegetate. Chalmers.

Chick, n. 1. A chicken.

2. A child or young person; -- a term of endearment. Shak.

Chick"a*bid`dy (?), n. A chicken; a fowl; also, a trivial term of endearment for a child.

Chick"a*dee` (?), n. (Zo÷l.) A small bird, the blackcap titmouse (Parus atricapillus), of North America; -- named from its note.

Chick"a*ree` (?), n. (Zo÷l.) The American red squirrel (Sciurus Hudsonius); -- so called from its cry.

Chick"a*saws (?), n. pl.; sing. Chickasaw. (Ethnol.) A tribe of North American Indians (Southern Appalachian) allied to the Choctaws. They formerly occupied the northern part of Alabama and Mississippi, but now live in the Indian Territory.

Chick"en (?), n. [AS. cicen, cyceun, dim. of coc cock; akin to LG. kiken, kŘken, D. Kieken, kuiken, G. kŘchkein. See Cock the animal.] 1. A young bird or fowl, esp. a young barnyard fowl.

2. A young person; a child; esp. a young woman; a maiden. "Stella is no chicken." Swift.

Chicken cholera, a contagious disease of fowls; -- so called because first studied during the prevalence of a cholera epidemic in France. It has no resemblance to true cholera.

Chick"en-breast`ed (?), a. Having a narrow, projecting chest, caused by forward curvature of the vertebral column.

Chick"en-heart`ed (?), a. Timid; fearful; cowardly. Bunyan.

Chick"en pox" (?). (Med.) A mild, eruptive disease, generally attacking children only; varicella.

Chick"ling (ch&ibreve;k"l&ibreve;ng), n. [Chick + -ling.] A small chick or chicken.

Chick"-pea` (-pē`), n. [See Chich.] 1. (Bot.) A Small leguminous plant (Cicer arietinum) of Asia, Africa, and the south of Europe; the chich; the dwarf pea; the gram.

2. Its nutritious seed, used in cookery, and especially, when roasted (parched pulse), as food for travelers in the Eastern deserts.

Chick"weed` (-wēd`), n. (Bot.) The name of several caryophyllaceous weeds, especially Stellaria media, the seeds and flower buds of which are a favorite food of small birds.

Chick"y (ch&ibreve;k"&ybreve;), n. A chicken; -- used as a diminutive or pet name, especially in calling fowls.

Chic"o*ry (?), n. [F. chicorÚe, earlier also cichorÚe, L. cichorium, fr. Gr. &?;, &?;, Cf. Succory.] 1. (Bot.) A branching perennial plant (Cichorium Intybus) with bright blue flowers, growing wild in Europe, Asia, and America; also cultivated for its roots and as a salad plant; succory; wild endive. See Endive.

2. The root, which is roasted for mixing with coffee.

Chide (chīd), v. t. [imp. Chid (ch&ibreve;d), or Chode (chīd Obs.); p. p. Chidden (?), Chid; p. pr. & vb. n. Chiding.] [AS. cīdan; of unknown origin.] 1. To rebuke; to reprove; to scold; to find fault with.

Upbraided, chid, and rated at. Shak.

2. Fig.: To be noisy about; to chafe against.

The sea that chides the banks of England. Shak.

To chide hither, chide from, or chide away, to cause to come, or to drive away, by scolding or reproof.

Syn. -- To blame; rebuke; reprove; scold; censure; reproach; reprehend; reprimand.

Chide, v. i. 1. To utter words of disapprobation and displeasure; to find fault; to contend angrily.

Wherefore the people did chide with Moses. Ex. xvii. 2.

2. To make a clamorous noise; to chafe.

As doth a rock againts the chiding flood. Shak.

Chide, n. [AS. cīd] A continuous noise or murmur.

The chide of streams. Thomson.

Chid"er (?), n. One who chides or quarrels. Shak.

Chid"er*ess, n. She who chides. [Obs.]

Chide"ster (?), n. [Chide + -ster.] A female scold. [Obs.]

Chid"ing*ly (?), adv. In a chiding or reproving manner.

Chief (chēn), n. [OE. chief, chef, OF. chief, F. chef, fr. L. caput head, possibly akin to E. head. Cf. Captain, Chapter] 1. The head or leader of any body of men; a commander, as of an army; a head man, as of a tribe, clan, or family; a person in authority who directs the work of others; the principal actor or agent.

2. The principal part; the most valuable portion.

The chief of the things which should be utterly destroyed. 1 Sam. xv. 21

3. (Her.) The upper third part of the field. It is supposed to be composed of the dexter, sinister, and middle chiefs.

In chief. (a) At the head; as, a commander in chief. (b) (Eng. Law) From the king, or sovereign; as, tenure in chief, tenure directly from the king.