Chapter 109

Cyst (s&ibreve;st), n. [Gr. ky`stis bladder, bag, pouch, fr. ky`ein to be pregnant. Cf. Cyme.] 1. (Med.) (a) A pouch or sac without opening, usually membranous and containing morbid matter, which is accidentally developed in one of the natural cavities or in the substance of an organ. (b) In old authors, the urinary bladder, or the gall bladder. [Written also cystis.]

2. (Bot.) One of the bladders or air vessels of certain algŠ, as of the great kelp of the Pacific, and common rockweeds (Fuci) of our shores. D. C. Eaton.

3. (Zo÷l.) (a) A small capsule or sac of the kind in which many immature entozoans exist in the tissues of living animals; also, a similar form in Rotifera, etc. (b) A form assumed by Protozoa in which they become saclike and quiescent. It generally precedes the production of germs. See Encystment.

Cyst"ed (s?s"t?d), a. Inclosed in a cyst.

Cyst"ic (s?s"t?k), a. [Cf. F. cystique.] 1. Having the form of, or living in, a cyst; as, the cystic entozoa.

2. Containing cysts; cystose; as, cystic sarcoma.

3. (Anat.) Pertaining to, or contained in, a cyst; esp., pertaining to, or contained in, either the urinary bladder or the gall bladder.

Cystic duct, the duct from the gall bladder which unites with the hepatic to form the common bile duct. -- Cystic worm (Zo÷l.), a larval tape worm, as the cysticercus and echinococcus.

{ Cys"ti*cerce (s?s"t?-s?rs), Cys`ti*cer"cus (-s?r"k?s), } n. [NL. cysticercus, fr. Gr. &?;&?;&?;&?; bladder + &?;&?;&?;&?; tail: cf. F. cysticerque.] (Zo÷l.) The larval form of a tapeworm, having the head and neck of a tapeworm attached to a saclike body filled with fluid; -- called also bladder worm, hydatid, and measle (as, pork measle).

&fist; These larvae live in the tissues of various living animals, and, when swallowed by a suitable carnivorous animal, develop into adult tapeworms in the intestine. See Measles, 4, Tapeworm.

Cys"ti*cule (s?s"t?-k?l), n. [Dim. of cyst.] (Anat.) An appendage of the vestibular ear sac of fishes. Owen.

Cys"tid (s?s"t?d), n. (Zo÷l.) One of the Cystidea.

||Cys*tid"e*a (s?s-t?d"?-?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. &?;&?;&?;&?; a bladder, pouch.] (Zo÷l.) An order of Crinoidea, mostly fossils of the Paleozoic rocks. They were usually roundish or egg-shaped, and often unsymmetrical; some were sessile, others had short stems.

Cys*tid"e*an (-t?d"?-a]/>n), n. (Zo÷l.) One of the Cystidea.

Cyst"ine (s?s"t?n; 104), n. [See Cyst.] (Physiol. Chem.) A white crystalline substance, C3H7NSO2, containing sulphur, occuring as a constituent of certain rare urinary calculi, and occasionally found as a sediment in urine.

Cys"tis (s?s"t?s), n. [NL.] A cyst. See Cyst.

Cys*ti"tis (s?s-t?"t?s), n. [Cyst + -itis: cf. F. cystite.] (Med.) Inflammation of the bladder.

Cys"to*carp (s?s"t?-k?rp), n. [Gr. &?;&?;&?;&?; bladder + karpo`s fruit.] (Bot.) A minute vesicle in a red seaweed, which contains the reproductive spores.

Cys"to*cele (-s?l), n. [Gr. &?;&?;&?;&?; bladder + &?;&?;&?; tumor: cf. F. cystocele.] (Med.) Hernia in which the urinary bladder protrudes; vesical hernia.

{ Cys"toid, Cys*toid"e*an }, n. Same as Cystidean.

Cys*toi"de*a (s?s-toi"d?-?), n. Same as Cystidea.

Cys"to*lith (s?s"t?-l?th), n. [Gr. &?;&?;&?;&?; bladder + -lith.] 1. (Bot.) A concretion of mineral matter within a leaf or other part of a plant.

2. (Med.) A urinary calculus.

Cys`to*lith"ic (-l?th"?k), a. (Med.) Relating to stone in the bladder.

Cys"to*plast (-pl?st), n. [Gr. &?;&?;&?;&?; bladder + &?;&?;&?; to form.] (Biol.) A nucleated cell having an envelope or cell wall, as a red blood corpuscle or an epithelial cell; a cell concerned in growth.

Cyst"ose (s?s"t?s), a. Containing, or resembling, a cyst or cysts; cystic; bladdery.

Cys"to*tome (s?s"t?-t?m), n. [Gr. &?;&?;&?; bladder + &?;&?;&?;&?; to cut: cf. F. cystotome.] (Surg.) A knife or instrument used in cystotomy.

Cys*tot"o*my (s??s-t?t"?-m?), n. [Gr. &?;&?;&?;&?; bladder + &?;&?;&?;&?; to cut: cf. F. cystotomie.] The act or practice of opening cysts; esp., the operation of cutting into the bladder, as for the extraction of a calculus.

Cyth`er*e"an (s?th`?r--?"an), a. [L. Cythereus, from Cythera, Gr. &?;&?;&?;, now Cerigo, an island in the Ăgean Sea, celebrated for the worship of Venus.] Pertaining to the goddess Venus.

Cy"to*blast (s?"t?-bl?st), n. [Gr. &?;&?;&?;&?; hollow vessel + -blast.] (Biol.) The nucleus of a cell; the germinal or active spot of a cellule, through or in which cell development takes place.

Cy`to*blas*te"ma (-bl?s-t?"m?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. &?;&?;&?; hollow vessel + &?;&?;&?;&?; growth.] (Biol.) See Protoplasm.

Cy`to*coc"cus (-k?k"k?s), n.; pl. Cytococci (-s&?;). [NL., fr. Gr. &?;&?;&?; hollow vessel + &?;&?;&?;&?; kernel.] (Biol.) The nucleus of the cytula or parent cell. HŠckel.

Cy"tode (s?"t?d), n. [Gr. &?;&?;&?;&?; hollow vessel, from &?;&?;&?;&?;. See Cyst.] (Biol.) A nonnucleated mass of protoplasm, the supposed simplest form of independent life differing from the amoeba, in which nuclei are present.

Cy`to*gen"e*sis (s?`t?-j?n"?-s?s), n. [Gr. &?;&?;&?;&?; hollow vessel + E. genesis.] (Biol.) Development of cells in animal and vegetable organisms. See Gemmation, Budding, Karyokinesis; also Cell development, under Cell.

{ Cy`to*gen"ic (s?`t?-j?n"?k), Cy`to*ge*net"ic (-j?-n?t"?k), } a. (Biol.) Of or pertaining to cytogenesis or cell development.

Cy*tog"e*nous (s?-t?j"?-n?s), a. (Anat.) Producing cells; -- applied esp. to lymphatic, or adenoid, tissue.

Cy*tog"e*ny (-n?), n . (Biol.) Cell production or development; cytogenesis.

Cy"toid (s?"toid), a. [Gr. &?;&?;&?;&?; hollow vessel + -oid.] (Physiol.) Cell-like; -- applied to the corpuscles of lymph, blood, chyle, etc.

Cy"to*plasm (s?"t?-pl?z'm), n. [Gr. &?;&?;&?;&?; hollow vessel + &?;&?;&?;&?; a mold.] (Biol.) The substance of the body of a cell, as distinguished from the karyoplasma, or substance of the nucleus. -- Cy`to*plas"mic (-pl&?;z"m&?;k), a.

||Cyt"u*la (s?t"?-l?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. &?;&?;&?;&?; a hollow vessel.] (Biol.) The fertilized egg cell or parent cell, from the development of which the child or other organism is formed. HŠckel.

Czar (zńr), n. [Russ. tsare, fr. L. Caesar CŠsar; cf. OPol. czar, Pol. car. ] A king; a chief; the title of the emperor of Russia. [Written also tzar.]

Cza*rev"na (z?-r?v"n?), n. [Russ. tsarevna.] The title of the wife of the czarowitz.

Cza*ri"na (z?-r?"n?), n. [Cf. G. Zarin, Czarin, fem., Russ. tsaritsa.] The title of the empress of Russia.

Cza*rin"i*an (z?-r?n"?-an), a. Of or pertaining to the czar or the czarina; czarish.

Czar"ish (z?r"?sh), a. Of or pertaining to the czar.

Czar"o*witz (z?r"?-w?ts or t??r"?-v?ch), n.; pl. Czarowitzes (- &?;z). [Russ. tsarÚvich'.] The title of the eldest son of the czar of Russia.

Czech (ch?k; 204), n. 1. One of the Czechs.

2. The language of the Czechs (often called Bohemian), the harshest and richest of the Slavic languages.

Czech"ic (ch?k"?k), a. Of or pertaining to the Czechs. "One Czechic realm." The Nation.

Czechs (ch?ks), n. pl.; sing. Czech. [Named after their chieftain, Czech.] (Ethnol.) The most westerly branch of the great Slavic family of nations, numbering now more than 6,000,000, and found principally in Bohemia and Moravia.