The Gutenberg Webster's Unabridged Dictionary: Section C
Chapter 1
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The 1913 Webster Unabridged Dictionary: Letter C February, 1999 [Etext #661]
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Begin file 2 of 11: C. (Version 0.50) of An electronic field-marked version of:
Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary Version published 1913 by the C. & G. Merriam Co. Springfield, Mass. Under the direction of Noah Porter, D.D., LL.D.
This electronic version was prepared by MICRA, Inc. of Plainfield, NJ. Last edit February 11, 1999.
MICRA, Inc. makes no proprietary claims on this version of the 1913 Webster dictionary. If the original printed edition of the 1913 Webster is in the public domain, this version may also be considered as public domain.
This version is only a first typing, and has numerous typographic errors, including errors in the field-marks. Assistance in bringing this dictionary to a more accurate and useful state will be greatly appreciated. This electronic dictionary is made available as a potential starting point for development of a modern on-line comprehensive encyclopedic dictionary, by the efforts of all individuals willing to help build a large and freely available knowledge base. Anyone willing to assist in any way in constructing such a knowledge base should contact:
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C.
C. (sē) 1. C is the third letter of the English alphabet. It is from the Latin letter C, which in old Latin represented the sounds of k, and g (in go); its original value being the latter. In Anglo-Saxon words, or Old English before the Norman Conquest, it always has the sound of k. The Latin C was the same letter as the Greek &GAMMA;, γ, and came from the Greek alphabet. The Greeks got it from the Phťnicians. The English name of C is from the Latin name ce, and was derived, probably, through the French. Etymologically C is related to g, h, k, q, s (and other sibilant sounds). Examples of these relations are in L. acutus, E. acute, ague; E. acrid, eager, vinegar; L. cornu, E. horn; E. cat, kitten; E. coy, quiet; L. circare, OF. cerchier, E. search.
See Guide to Pronunciation, žž 221-228.
2. (Mus.) (a) The keynote of the normal or "natural" scale, which has neither flats nor sharps in its signature; also, the third note of the relative minor scale of the same. (b) C after the clef is the mark of common time, in which each measure is a semibreve (four fourths or crotchets); for alla breve time it is written &?;. (c) The "C clef," a modification of the letter C, placed on any line of the staff, shows that line to be middle C.
3. As a numeral, C stands for Latin centum or 100, CC for 200, etc.
C spring, a spring in the form of the letter C.
||Ca*a"ba (k&adot;*ā"b&adot;), n. [Ar. ka'bah, lit., a square building, fr. ka'b cube.] The small and nearly cubical stone building, toward which all Mohammedans must pray. [Written also kaaba.]
&fist; The Caaba is situated in Mecca, a city of Arabia, and contains a famous black stone said to have been brought from heaven. Before the time of Mohammed, the Caaba was an idolatrous temple, but it has since been the chief sanctuary and object of pilgrimage of the Mohammedan world.
Caas (kńs), n. sing. & pl. Case. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Cab (kăb), n. [Abbrev. fr. cabriolet.] 1. A kind of close carriage with two or four wheels, usually a public vehicle. "A cab came clattering up." Thackeray.
&fist; A cab may have two seats at right angles to the driver's seat, and a door behind; or one seat parallel to the driver's, with the entrance from the side or front.
Hansom cab. See Hansom.
2. The covered part of a locomotive, in which the engineer has his station. Knight.
Cab (kăb), n. [Heb. qab, fr. qābab to hollow.] A Hebrew dry measure, containing a little over two (2.37) pints. W. H. Ward. 2 Kings vi. 25.
Ca*bal" (k&adot;*băl"), n. [F. cabale cabal, cabala, LL. cabala cabala, fr. Heb. qabbālēh reception, tradition, mysterious doctrine, fr. qābal to take or receive, in PiŰl qibbel to adopt (a doctrine).] 1. Tradition; occult doctrine. See Cabala [Obs.] Hakewill.
2. A secret. [Obs.] "The measuring of the temple, a cabal found out but lately." B. Jonson.
3. A number of persons united in some close design, usually to promote their private views and interests in church or state by intrigue; a secret association composed of a few designing persons; a junto.
It so happend, by a whimsical coincidence, that in 1671 the cabinet consisted of five persons, the initial letters of whose names made up the word cabal; Clifford, Arlington, Buckingham, Ashley, and Lauderdale. Macaulay.
4. The secret artifices or machinations of a few persons united in a close design; intrigue.
By cursed cabals of women. Dryden.
Syn. -- Junto; intrigue; plot; combination; conspiracy. -- Cabal, Combination, Faction. An association for some purpose considered to be bad is the idea common to these terms. A combination is an organized union of individuals for mutual support, in urging their demands or resisting the claims of others, and may be good or bad according to circumstances; as, a combiniation of workmen or of employers to effect or to prevent a change in prices. A cabal is a secret association of a few individuals who seek by cunning practices to obtain office and power. A faction is a larger body than a cabal, employed for selfish purposes in agitating the community and working up an excitement with a view to change the existing order of things. "Selfishness, insubordination, and laxity of morals give rise to combinations, which belong particularly to the lower orders of society. Restless, jealous, ambitious, and little minds are ever forming cabals. Factions belong especially to free governments, and are raised by busy and turbulent spirits for selfish purposes". Crabb.
Ca*bal", v. i. [imp. & p. p. Caballed (-băld"); p. pr. & vb. n. Caballing]. [Cf. F. cabaler.] To unite in a small party to promote private views and interests by intrigue; to intrigue; to plot.
Caballing still against it with the great. Dryden.
Cab"a*la (kăb"&adot;*l&adot;), n. [LL. See Cabal, n.] 1. A kind of occult theosophy or traditional interpretation of the Scriptures among Jewish rabbis and certain mediŠval Christians, which treats of the nature of god and the mystery of human existence. It assumes that every letter, word, number, and accent of Scripture contains a hidden sense; and it teaches the methods of interpretation for ascertaining these occult meanings. The cabalists pretend even to foretell events by this means.
2. Secret science in general; mystic art; mystery.
Cab"a*lism (kăb"&adot;*l&ibreve;z'm), n. [Cf. F. cabalisme.]
1. The secret science of the cabalists.
2. A superstitious devotion to the mysteries of the religion which one professes. [R] Emerson.
Cab"a*list (-l&ibreve;st), n. [Cf. F. cabaliste.] One versed in the cabala, or the mysteries of Jewish traditions. "Studious cabalists." Swift.
{ Cab`a*lis"tic (kăb`&adot;*l&ibreve;s"t&ibreve;k), Cab`a*lis"tic*al (-t&ibreve;*kal) } a. Of or pertaining to the cabala; containing or conveying an occult meaning; mystic.
The Heptarchus is a cabalistic exposition of the first chapter of Genesis . Hallam.
Cab`a*lis"tic*al*ly, adv. In a cabalistic manner.
Cab"a*lize (?), v. i. [Cf. F. cabaliser.] To use cabalistic language. [R] Dr. H. More.
Ca*bal"ler (k&adot;*băl"l&etilde;r), n. One who cabals.
A close caballer and tongue-valiant lord. Dryden.
Cab"al*line (kăb"al*līn), a. [L. caballinus, fr. caballus a nag. Cf. Cavalier.] Of or pertaining to a horse. -- n. Caballine aloes.
Caballine aloes, an inferior and impure kind of aloes formerly used in veterinary practice; -- called also horse aloes. -- Caballine spring, the fountain of Hippocrene, on Mount Helicon; -- fabled to have been formed by a stroke from the foot of the winged horse Pegasus.
Cab"a*ret (kăb"&adot;*r&ebreve;t; 277), n. [F.] A tavern; a house where liquors are retailed. [Obs. as an English word.]
||Ca*bas" (k&adot;*bń"), n. [F.] A flat basket or frail for figs, etc.; hence, a lady's flat workbasket, reticule, or hand bag; -- often written caba. C. BrontÚ.
||Ca*bas"sou (k&adot;*băs"s&oomac;), n. (Zo÷l.) A species of armadillo of the genus Xenurus (X. unicinctus and X. hispidus); the tatouay. [Written also kabassou.]
Cab"bage (kăb"b&asl;j), n. [OE. cabage, fr. F. cabus headed (of cabbages), chou cabus headed cabbage, cabbage head; cf. It. capuccio a little head, cappuccio cowl, hood, cabbage, fr. capo head, L. caput, or fr. It. cappa cape. See Chief, Cape.] (Bot.) 1. An esculent vegetable of many varieties, derived from the wild Brassica oleracea of Europe. The common cabbage has a compact head of leaves. The cauliflower, Brussels sprouts, etc., are sometimes classed as cabbages.
2. The terminal bud of certain palm trees, used, like, cabbage, for food. See Cabbage tree, below.
3. The cabbage palmetto. See below.
Cabbage aphis (Zo÷l.), a green plant-louse (Aphis brassicŠ) which lives upon the leaves of the cabbage. -- Cabbage beetle (Zo÷l.), a small, striped flea- beetle (Phyllotreta vittata) which lives, in the larval state, on the roots, and when adult, on the leaves, of cabbage and other cruciferous plants. -- Cabbage butterfly (Zo÷l.), a white butterfly (Pieris rapŠ of both Europe and America, and the allied P. oleracea, a native American species) which, in the larval state, devours the leaves of the cabbage and the turnip. See Cabbage worm, below. -- Cabbage fly (Zo÷l.), a small two-winged fly (Anthomyia brassicŠ), which feeds, in the larval or maggot state, on the roots of the cabbage, often doing much damage to the crop. -- Cabbage head, the compact head formed by the leaves of a cabbage; -- contemptuously or humorously, and colloquially, a very stupid and silly person; a numskull. -- Cabbage palmetto, a species of palm tree (Sabal Palmetto) found along the coast from North Carolina to Florida. -- Cabbage rose (Bot.), a species of rose (Rosa centifolia) having large and heavy blossoms. -- Cabbage tree, Cabbage palm, a name given to palms having a terminal bud called a cabbage, as the Sabal Palmetto of the United States, and the Euterpe oleracea and Oreodoxa oleracea of the West Indies. -- Cabbage worm (Zo÷l.), the larva of several species of moths and butterflies, which attacks cabbages. The most common is usually the larva of a white butterfly. See Cabbage butterfly, above. The cabbage cutworms, which eat off the stalks of young plants during the night, are the larvŠ of several species of moths, of the genus Agrotis. See Cutworm. -- Sea cabbage.(Bot.) (a) Sea kale (b). The original Plant (Brassica oleracea), from which the cabbage, cauliflower, broccoli, etc., have been derived by cultivation. -- Thousand-headed cabbage. See Brussels sprouts.
Cab"bage, v. i. To form a head like that the cabbage; as, to make lettuce cabbage. Johnson.
Cab"bage, v. i. [imp. & p. p Cabbaged (-b&asl;jd); p. pr. & vb. n. Cabbaging (-b&asl;*j&ibreve;ng).] [F. cabasser, fr. OF. cabas theft; cf. F. cabas basket, and OF. cabuser to cheat.] To purloin or embezzle, as the pieces of cloth remaining after cutting out a garment; to pilfer.
Your tailor . . . cabbages whole yards of cloth. Arbuthnot.
Cab"bage, n. Cloth or clippings cabbaged or purloined by one who cuts out garments.
Cab"bler (kăb"bl&etilde;r), n. One who works at cabbling.
Cab"bling (-bl&ibreve;ng), n. (Metal.) The process of breaking up the flat masses into which wrought iron is first hammered, in order that the pieces may be reheated and wrought into bar iron.
{ ||Ca*be"ša (k&adot;*b&asl;"s&adot;), ||Ca*besse" (k&adot;*b&ebreve;s"), } n. [Pg. cabeša, F. cabesse.] The finest kind of silk received from India.
||Ca"ber (kā"b&etilde;r), n. [Gael] A pole or beam used in Scottish games for tossing as a trial of strength.