Chapter 85

{ Bed"right` Bed"rite` } (&?;), n. [Bed + right, rite.] The duty or privilege of the marriage bed. Shak.

Be*driz"zle (&?;), v. t. To drizzle upon.

Bed" rock" (&?;). (Mining) The solid rock underlying superficial formations. Also Fig.

Bed"room (&?;), n. 1. A room or apartment intended or used for a bed; a lodging room.

2. Room in a bed. [In this sense preferably bed room.]

Then by your side no bed room me deny. Shak.

Be*drop" (&?;), v. t. To sprinkle, as with drops.

The yellow carp, in scales bedropped with gold. Pope.

Be*drug" (&?;), v. t. To drug abundantly or excessively.

Bed" screw` (&?;). 1. (Naut.) A form of jack screw for lifting large bodies, and assisting in launching.

2. A long screw formerly used to fasten a bedpost to one of the adjacent side pieces.

Bed"side` (&?;), n. The side of a bed.

Bed"site` (&?;), n. A recess in a room for a bed.

Of the three bedrooms, two have fireplaces, and all are of fair size, with windows and bedsite well placed. Quart. Rev.

Bed"sore` (&?;), n. (Med.) A sore on the back or hips caused by lying for a long time in bed.

Bed"spread` (&?;), n. A bedquilt; a counterpane; a coverlet. [U. S.]

Bed"staff` (&?;), n.; pl. Bedstaves (&?;). "A wooden pin stuck anciently on the sides of the bedstead, to hold the clothes from slipping on either side." Johnson.

Hostess, accommodate us with a bedstaff. B. Jonson.

Say there is no virtue in cudgels and bedstaves. Brome.

Bed"stead (&?;), n. [Bed + stead a frame.] A framework for supporting a bed.

Bed" steps` (&?;). Steps for mounting a bed of unusual height.

Bed"stock (&?;), n. The front or the back part of the frame of a bedstead. [Obs. or Dial. Eng.]

Bed"straw` (&?;), n. 1. Straw put into a bed. Bacon.

2. (Bot.) A genus of slender herbs, usually with square stems, whorled leaves, and small white flowers.

Our Lady's bedstraw, which has yellow flowers, is Galium verum. -- White bedstraw is G. mollugo.

Bed"swerv`er (&?;), n. One who swerves from and is unfaithful to the marriage vow. [Poetic] Shak.

Bed"tick` (&?;), n. A tick or bag made of cloth, used for inclosing the materials of a bed.

Bed"time` (&?;), n. The time to go to bed. Shak.

Be*duck" (&?;), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Beducked (&?;).] To duck; to put the head under water; to immerse. "Deep himself beducked." Spenser.

Bed"uin (&?;), n. See Bedouin.

Be*dung" (&?;), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Bedunged (&?;).] To cover with dung, as for manuring; to bedaub or defile, literally or figuratively. Bp. Hall.

Be*dust" (&?;), v. t. To sprinkle, soil, or cover with dust. Sherwood.

Bed"ward (&?;), adv. Towards bed.

Be*dwarf" (&?;), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Bedwarfed (&?;).] To make a dwarf of; to stunt or hinder the growth of; to dwarf. Donne.

Be*dye" (&?;), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Bedyed (&?;); p. pr. & vb. n. Bedyeing.] To dye or stain.

Briton fields with Sarazin blood bedyed. Spenser.

Bee (&?;), p. p. of Be; -- used for been. [Obs.] Spenser.

Bee (b), n. [AS. beó; akin to D. bij and bije, Icel. b&?;, Sw. & Dan. bi, OHG. pini, G. biene, and perh. Ir. beach, Lith. bitis, Skr. bha. √97.] 1. (Zoöl.) An insect of the order Hymenoptera, and family Apidæ (the honeybees), or family Andrenidæ (the solitary bees.) See Honeybee.

There are many genera and species. The common honeybee (Apis mellifica) lives in swarms, each of which has its own queen, its males or drones, and its very numerous workers, which are barren females. Besides the A. mellifica there are other species and varieties of honeybees, as the A. ligustica of Spain and Italy; the A. Indica of India; the A. fasciata of Egypt. The bumblebee is a species of Bombus. The tropical honeybees belong mostly to Melipoma and Trigona.

2. A neighborly gathering of people who engage in united labor for the benefit of an individual or family; as, a quilting bee; a husking bee; a raising bee. [U. S.]

The cellar . . . was dug by a bee in a single day. S. G. Goodrich.

3. pl. [Prob. fr. AS. beáh ring, fr. b&?;gan to bend. See 1st Bow.] (Naut.) Pieces of hard wood bolted to the sides of the bowsprit, to reeve the fore-topmast stays through; -- called also bee blocks.

Bee beetle (Zoöl.), a beetle (Trichodes apiarius) parasitic in beehives. -- Bee bird (Zoöl.), a bird that eats the honeybee, as the European flycatcher, and the American kingbird. -- Bee flower (Bot.), an orchidaceous plant of the genus Ophrys (O. apifera), whose flowers have some resemblance to bees, flies, and other insects. -- Bee fly (Zoöl.), a two winged fly of the family Bombyliidæ. Some species, in the larval state, are parasitic upon bees. -- Bee garden, a garden or inclosure to set beehives in ; an apiary. Mortimer. -- Bee glue, a soft, unctuous matter, with which bees cement the combs to the hives, and close up the cells; -- called also propolis. -- Bee hawk (Zoöl.), the honey buzzard. -- Bee killer (Zoöl.), a large two-winged fly of the family Asilidæ (esp. Trupanea apivora) which feeds upon the honeybee. See Robber fly. -- Bee louse (Zoöl.), a minute, wingless, dipterous insect (Braula cæca) parasitic on hive bees. -- Bee martin (Zoöl.), the kingbird (Tyrannus Carolinensis) which occasionally feeds on bees. -- Bee moth (Zoöl.), a moth (Galleria cereana) whose larvæ feed on honeycomb, occasioning great damage in beehives. -- Bee wolf (Zoöl.), the larva of the bee beetle. See Illust. of Bee beetle. -- To have a bee in the head or in the bonnet. (a) To be choleric. [Obs.] (b) To be restless or uneasy. B. Jonson. (c) To be full of fancies; to be a little crazy. "She's whiles crack-brained, and has a bee in her head." Sir W. Scott.

Bee"bread` (&?;), n. A brown, bitter substance found in some of the cells of honeycomb. It is made chiefly from the pollen of flowers, which is collected by bees as food for their young.

Beech (&?;), n.; pl. Beeches (&?;). [OE. beche, AS. b&?;ce; akin to D. beuk, OHG. buocha, G. buche, Icel. beyki, Dan. bög, Sw. bok, Russ. buk, L. fagus, Gr. &?; oak, &?; to eat, Skr. bhaksh; the tree being named originally from the esculent fruit. See Book, and cf. 7th Buck, Buckwheat.] (Bot.) A tree of the genus Fagus.

It grows to a large size, having a smooth bark and thick foliage, and bears an edible triangular nut, of which swine are fond. The Fagus sylvatica is the European species, and the F. ferruginea that of America.

Beech drops (Bot.), a parasitic plant which grows on the roots of beeches (Epiphegus Americana). -- Beech marten (Zoöl.), the stone marten of Europe (Mustela foina). -- Beech mast, the nuts of the beech, esp. as they lie under the trees, in autumn. -- Beech oil, oil expressed from the mast or nuts of the beech tree. -- Cooper beech, a variety of the European beech with copper-colored, shining leaves.

Beech"en (&?;), a. [AS. b&?;cen.] Consisting, or made, of the wood or bark of the beech; belonging to the beech. "Plain beechen vessels." Dryden.

Beech"nut` (&?;), n. The nut of the beech tree.

Beech" tree` (&?;). The beech.

Beech"y (&?;), a. Of or relating to beeches.

Bee"-eat`er (&?;), n. (Zoöl.) (a) A bird of the genus Merops, that feeds on bees. The European species (M. apiaster) is remarkable for its brilliant colors. (b) An African bird of the genus Rhinopomastes.

Beef (bf), n. [OE. boef, befe, beef, OF. boef, buef, F. bœef, fr. L. bos, bovis, ox; akin to Gr. boy^s, Skr. g cow, and E. cow. See 2d Cow.] 1. An animal of the genus Bos, especially the common species, B. taurus, including the bull, cow, and ox, in their full grown state; esp., an ox or cow fattened for food. [In this, which is the original sense, the word has a plural, beeves (bvz).]

A herd of beeves, fair oxen and fair kine. Milton.

2. The flesh of an ox, or cow, or of any adult bovine animal, when slaughtered for food. [In this sense, the word has no plural.] "Great meals of beef." Shak.

3. Applied colloquially to human flesh.

Beef (&?;), a. Of, pertaining to, or resembling, beef.

Beef tea, essence of beef, or strong beef broth.

Beef"eat`er (&?;), n. [Beef + eater; prob. one who eats another's beef, as his servant. Cf. AS. hlf&?;ta servant, properly a loaf eater.] 1. One who eats beef; hence, a large, fleshy person.

2. One of the yeomen of the guard, in England.

3. (Zoöl.) An African bird of the genus Buphaga, which feeds on the larvæ of botflies hatched under the skin of oxen, antelopes, etc. Two species are known.

Beef"steak` (&?;), n. A steak of beef; a slice of beef broiled or suitable for broiling.

Beef"-wit`ted (&?;), n. Stupid; dull. Shak.

Beef"wood` (&?;), n. An Australian tree (Casuarina), and its red wood, used for cabinetwork; also, the trees Stenocarpus salignus of New South Wales, and Banksia compar of Queensland.

Beef"y, a. Having much beef; of the nature of beef; resembling beef; fleshy.

Bee"hive` (&?;), n. A hive for a swarm of bees. Also used figuratively.

A common and typical form of beehive was a domeshaped inverted basket, whence certain ancient Irish and Scotch architectural remains are called beehive houses.

Bee"house` (&?;), n. A house for bees; an apiary.

Bee" lark`spur (&?;). (Bot.) See Larkspur.

Beeld (&?;), n. Same as Beild. Fairfax.

Bee" line` (&?;). The shortest line from one place to another, like that of a bee to its hive when loaded with honey; an air line. "A bee line for the brig." Kane.

Be*el"ze*bub (&?;), n. The title of a heathen deity to whom the Jews ascribed the sovereignty of the evil spirits; hence, the Devil or a devil. See Baal.

Beem (bm), n. [AS. bme, bme.] A trumpet. [Obs.]

Bee"mas`ter (&?;), n. One who keeps bees.

Been (&?;). [OE. beon, ben, bin, p. p. of been, beon, to be. See Be.] The past participle of Be. In old authors it is also the pr. tense plural of Be. See 1st Bee.

Assembled been a senate grave and stout. Fairfax.

Beer (&?;), n. [OE. beor, ber, AS. beór; akin to Fries. biar, Icel. bj&?;rr, OHG. bior, D. & G. bier, and possibly E. brew. √93, See Brew.] 1. A fermented liquor made from any malted grain, but commonly from barley malt, with hops or some other substance to impart a bitter flavor.

Beer has different names, as small beer, ale, porter, brown stout, lager beer, according to its strength, or other qualities. See Ale.

2. A fermented extract of the roots and other parts of various plants, as spruce, ginger, sassafras, etc.

Small beer, weak beer; (fig.) insignificant matters. "To suckle fools, and chronicle small beer." Shak.

Beer"e*gar (&?;), n. [Beer + eager.] Sour beer. [Obs.]

Beer"house` (&?;), n. A house where malt liquors are sold; an alehouse.

Beer"i*ness (&?;), n. Beery condition.

Beer"y (&?;), a. Of or resembling beer; affected by beer; maudlin.

Beest"ings (&?;), n. Same as Biestings.

Bees"wax` (&?;), n. The wax secreted by bees, and of which their cells are constructed.

Bees"wing` (&?;), n. The second crust formed in port and some other wines after long keeping. It consists of pure, shining scales of tartar, supposed to resemble the wing of a bee.

Beet (bt), n. [AS. bete, from L. beta.] 1. (Bot.) A biennial plant of the genus Beta, which produces an edible root the first year and seed the second year.

2. The root of plants of the genus Beta, different species and varieties of which are used for the table, for feeding stock, or in making sugar.

There are many varieties of the common beet (Beta vulgaris). The Old "white beet", cultivated for its edible leafstalks, is a distinct species (Beta Cicla).

{ Beete, Bete } (bt), v. t. [AS. btan to mend. See Better.] 1. To mend; to repair. [Obs.] Chaucer.

2. To renew or enkindle (a fire). [Obs.] Chaucer.

Bee"tle (b"t'l), n. [OE. betel, AS. btl, b&?;tl, mallet, hammer, fr. beátan to beat. See Beat, v. t.] 1. A heavy mallet, used to drive wedges, beat pavements, etc.

2. A machine in which fabrics are subjected to a hammering process while passing over rollers, as in cotton mills; -- called also beetling machine. Knight.

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Bee"tle (b"t'l), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Beetled (-t'ld); p. pr. & vb. n. Beetling.] 1. To beat with a heavy mallet.

2. To finish by subjecting to a hammering process in a beetle or beetling machine; as, to beetle cotton goods.

Bee"tle, n. [OE. bityl, bittle, AS. btel, fr. btan to bite. See Bite, v. t.] Any insect of the order Coleoptera, having four wings, the outer pair being stiff cases for covering the others when they are folded up. See Coleoptera.

Beetle mite (Zoöl.), one of many species of mites, of the family Oribatidæ, parasitic on beetles. -- Black beetle, the common large black cockroach (Blatta orientalis).

Bee"tle, v. i. [See Beetlebrowed.] To extend over and beyond the base or support; to overhang; to jut.

To the dreadful summit of the cliff That beetles o'er his base into the sea. Shak.

Each beetling rampart, and each tower sublime. Wordsworth.

Bee"tle brow` (&?;). An overhanging brow.

Bee"tle-browed` (&?;), a. [OE. bitelbrowed; cf. OE. bitel, adj., sharp, projecting, n., a beetle. See Beetle an insect.] Having prominent, overhanging brows; hence, lowering or sullen.

The earlier meaning was, "Having bushy or overhanging eyebrows."

Bee"tle*head` (&?;), n. [Beetle a mallet + head.] 1. A stupid fellow; a blockhead. Sir W. Scott.

2. (Zoöl.) The black-bellied plover, or bullhead (Squatarola helvetica). See Plover.

Bee"tle-head`ed (&?;), a. Dull; stupid. Shak.

Bee"tle*stock` (&?;), n. The handle of a beetle.

Beet" rad`ish (&?;). Same as Beetrave.

Beet"rave` (&?;), n. [F. betterave; bette beet + rave radish.] The common beet (Beta vulgaris).

Beeve (&?;), n. [Formed from beeves, pl. of beef.] A beef; a beef creature.

They would knock down the first beeve they met with. W. Irving.

Beeves (bvz), n. plural of Beef, the animal.

Be*fall" (&?;), v. t. [imp. Befell (&?;); p. p. Befallen (&?;); p. pr. & vb. n. Befalling.] [AS. befeallan; pref. be- + feallan to fall.] To happen to.

I beseech your grace that I may know The worst that may befall me. Shak.

Be*fall", v. i. To come to pass; to happen.

I have revealed . . . the discord which befell. Milton.

Be*fit" (&?;), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Befitted; p. pr. & vb. n. Befitting.] To be suitable to; to suit; to become.

That name best befits thee. Milton.

Be*fit"ting, a. Suitable; proper; becoming; fitting.

Be*fit"ting*ly, adv. In a befitting manner; suitably.

Be*flat"ter (&?;), v. t. To flatter excessively.

Be*flow"er (&?;), v. t. To besprinkle or scatter over with, or as with, flowers. Hobbes.

Be*fog" (&?;), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Befogged (&?;); p. pr. & vb. n. Befogging (&?;).] 1. To involve in a fog; -- mostly as a participle or part. adj.

2. Hence: To confuse; to mystify.

Be*fool" (&?;), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Befooled (&?;); p. pr. & vb. n. Befooling.] [OE. befolen; pref. be- + fol fool.] 1. To fool; to delude or lead into error; to infatuate; to deceive.

This story . . . contrived to befool credulous men. Fuller.

2. To cause to behave like a fool; to make foolish. "Some befooling drug." G. Eliot.

Be*fore" (&?;), prep. [OE. beforen, biforen, before, AS. beforan; pref. be- + foran, fore, before. See Be-, and Fore.] 1. In front of; preceding in space; ahead of; as, to stand before the fire; before the house.

His angel, who shall go Before them in a cloud and pillar of fire. Milton.

2. Preceding in time; earlier than; previously to; anterior to the time when; -- sometimes with the additional idea of purpose; in order that.

Before Abraham was, I am. John viii. 58.

Before this treatise can become of use, two points are necessary. Swift.

Formerly before, in this sense, was followed by that. "Before that Philip called thee . . . I saw thee." John i. 48.

3. An advance of; farther onward, in place or time.

The golden age . . . is before us. Carlyle.

4. Prior or preceding in dignity, order, rank, right, or worth; rather than.

He that cometh after me is preferred before me. John i. 15.

The eldest son is before the younger in succession. Johnson.

5. In presence or sight of; face to face with; facing.

Abraham bowed down himself before the people. Gen. xxiii. 12.

Wherewith shall I come before the Lord? Micah vi. 6.

6. Under the cognizance or jurisdiction of.

If a suit be begun before an archdeacon. Ayliffe.

7. Open for; free of access to; in the power of.

The world was all before them where to choose. Milton.

Before the mast (Naut.), as a common sailor, -- because the sailors live in the forecastle, forward of the foremast. -- Before the wind (Naut.), in the direction of the wind and by its impulse; having the wind aft.

Be*fore", adv. 1. On the fore part; in front, or in the direction of the front; -- opposed to in the rear.

The battle was before and behind. 2 Chron. xiii. 14.

2. In advance. "I come before to tell you." Shak.

3. In time past; previously; already.

You tell me, mother, what I knew before. Dryden.

4. Earlier; sooner than; until then.

When the butt is out, we will drink water; not a drop before. Shak.

Before is often used in self-explaining compounds; as, before-cited, before-mentioned; beforesaid.

Be*fore"hand` (&?;), adv. [Before + hand.] 1. In a state of anticipation ore preoccupation; in advance; -- often followed by with.

Agricola . . . resolves to be beforehand with the danger. Milton.

The last cited author has been beforehand with me. Addison.

2. By way of preparation, or preliminary; previously; aforetime.

They may be taught beforehand the skill of speaking. Hooker.

Be*fore"hand`, a. In comfortable circumstances as regards property; forehanded.

Rich and much beforehand. Bacon.

Be*fore"time` (&?;), adv. Formerly; aforetime.

[They] dwelt in their tents, as beforetime. 2 Kings xiii. 5.

Be*for"tune (&?;), v. t. To befall. [Poetic]

I wish all good befortune you. Shak.

Be*foul" (&?;), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Befouled (&?;); p. pr. & vb. n. Befouling.] [Cf. AS. bef&?;lan; pref. be- + f&?;lan to foul. See Foul, a.] 1. To make foul; to soil.

2. To entangle or run against so as to impede motion.

Be*friend" (&?;), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Befriended; p. pr. & vb. n. Befriending.] To act as a friend to; to favor; to aid, benefit, or countenance.

By the darkness befriended. Longfellow.

Be*friend"ment (&?;), n. Act of befriending. [R.]

Be*frill" (&?;), v. t. To furnish or deck with a frill.

Be*fringe" (&?;), v. t. To furnish with a fringe; to form a fringe upon; to adorn as with fringe. Fuller.

Be*fud"dle (&?;), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Befuddled (&?;)] To becloud and confuse, as with liquor.

Beg (&?;), n. [Turk. beg, pronounced bay. Cf. Bey, Begum.] A title of honor in Turkey and in some other parts of the East; a bey.

Beg (&?;), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Begged (&?;); p. pr. & vb. n. Begging.] [OE. beggen, perh. fr. AS. bedecian (akin to Goth. bedagwa beggar), biddan to ask. (Cf. Bid, v. t.); or cf. beghard, beguin.] 1. To ask earnestly for; to entreat or supplicate for; to beseech.

I do beg your good will in this case. Shak.

[Joseph] begged the body of Jesus. Matt. xxvii. 58.

Sometimes implying deferential and respectful, rather than earnest, asking; as, I beg your pardon; I beg leave to disagree with you.

2. To ask for as a charity, esp. to ask for habitually or from house to house.

Yet have I not seen the righteous forsaken, nor his seed begging bread. Ps. xxxvii. 25.

3. To make petition to; to entreat; as, to beg a person to grant a favor.

4. To take for granted; to assume without proof.

5. (Old Law) To ask to be appointed guardian for, or to ask to have a guardian appointed for.

Else some will beg thee, in the court of wards. Harrington.

Hence: To beg (one) for a fool, to take him for a fool.

I beg to, is an elliptical expression for I beg leave to; as, I beg to inform you. -- To beg the question, to assume that which was to be proved in a discussion, instead of adducing the proof or sustaining the point by argument. -- To go a-begging, a figurative phrase to express the absence of demand for something which elsewhere brings a price; as, grapes are so plentiful there that they go a- begging.

Syn. -- To Beg, Ask, Request. To ask (not in the sense of inquiring) is the generic term which embraces all these words. To request is only a polite mode of asking. To beg, in its original sense, was to ask with earnestness, and implied submission, or at least deference. At present, however, in polite life, beg has dropped its original meaning, and has taken the place of both ask and request, on the ground of its expressing more of deference and respect. Thus, we beg a person's acceptance of a present; we beg him to favor us with his company; a tradesman begs to announce the arrival of new goods, etc. Crabb remarks that, according to present usage, "we can never talk of asking a person's acceptance of a thing, or of asking him to do us a favor." This can be more truly said of usage in England than in America.

Beg, v. i. To ask alms or charity, especially to ask habitually by the wayside or from house to house; to live by asking alms.

I can not dig; to beg I am ashamed. Luke xvi. 3.

||Be"ga (&?;), n. See Bigha.

Be*gem" (&?;), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Begemmed (&?;); p. pr. & vb. n. Begemming.] To adorn with gems, or as with gems.

Begemmed with dewdrops. Sir W. Scott.

Those lonely realms bright garden isles begem. Shelley.

Be*get" (&?;), v. t. [imp. Begot (&?;), (Archaic) Begat (&?;); p. p. Begot, Begotten (&?;); p. pr. & vb. n. Begetting.] [OE. bigiten, bigeten, to get, beget, AS. begitan to get; pref. be- + gitan. See Get, v. t. ] 1. To procreate, as a father or sire; to generate; -- commonly said of the father.

Yet they a beauteous offspring shall beget. Milton.

2. To get (with child.) [Obs.] Shak.

3. To produce as an effect; to cause to exist.

Love is begot by fancy. Granville.

Be*get"ter (&?;), n. One who begets; a father.

Beg"ga*ble (&?;), a. Capable of being begged.

Beg"gar (&?;), n. [OE. beggere, fr. beg.] 1. One who begs; one who asks or entreats earnestly, or with humility; a petitioner.

2. One who makes it his business to ask alms.

3. One who is dependent upon others for support; -- a contemptuous or sarcastic use.

4. One who assumes in argument what he does not prove. Abp. Tillotson.

Beg"gar, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Beggared (&?;); p. pr. & vb. n. Beggaring.] 1. To reduce to beggary; to impoverish; as, he had beggared himself. Milton.

2. To cause to seem very poor and inadequate.

It beggared all description. Shak.

Beg"gar*hood (&?;), n. The condition of being a beggar; also, the class of beggars.

Beg"gar*ism (&?;), n. Beggary. [R.]

Beg"gar*li*ness (&?;), n. The quality or state of being beggarly; meanness.

Beg"gar*ly (&?;), a. 1. In the condition of, or like, a beggar; suitable for a beggar; extremely indigent; poverty-stricken; mean; poor; contemptible. "A bankrupt, beggarly fellow." South. "A beggarly fellowship." Swift. "Beggarly elements." Gal. iv. 9.

2. Produced or occasioned by beggary. [Obs.]

Beggarly sins, that is, those sins which idleness and beggary usually betray men to; such as lying, flattery, stealing, and dissimulation. Jer. Taylor.

Beg"gar*ly, adv. In an indigent, mean, or despicable manner; in the manner of a beggar.

Beg"gar's lice` (&?;). (Bot.) The prickly fruit or seed of certain plants (as some species of Echinospermum and Cynoglossum) which cling to the clothing of those who brush by them.

Beg"gar's ticks` (&?;). The bur marigold (Bidens) and its achenes, which are armed with barbed awns, and adhere to clothing and fleeces with unpleasant tenacity.

Beg"gar*y (&?;), n. [OE. beggerie. See Beggar, n.] 1. The act of begging; the state of being a beggar; mendicancy; extreme poverty.

2. Beggarly appearance. [R.]

The freedom and the beggary of the old studio. Thackeray.

Syn. -- Indigence; want; penury; mendicancy.

Beg"gar*y, a. Beggarly. [Obs.] B. Jonson.

Beg"ge*stere (&?;), n. [Beg + - ster.] A beggar. [Obs.] Chaucer.