Chapter 8

Ac"ci*die (&?;), n. [OF. accide, accidie, LL. accidia, acedia, fr. Gr. &?;; 'a priv. + &?; care.] Sloth; torpor. [Obs.] "The sin of accidie." Chaucer.

Ac`ci*pen"ser (&?;), n. See Acipenser.

Ac*cip"i*ent (&?;), n. [L. accipiens, p. pr. of accipere. See Accept.] A receiver. [R.] Bailey

||Ac*cip"i*ter (&?;), n.; pl. E. Accipiters (&?;). L. Accipitres (&?;). [L., hawk.] 1. (Zoöl.) A genus of rapacious birds; one of the Accipitres or Raptores.

2. (Surg.) A bandage applied over the nose, resembling the claw of a hawk.

Ac*cip"i*tral (&?;), n. Pertaining to, or of the nature of, a falcon or hawk; hawklike. Lowell.

||Ac*cip"i*tres (&?;), n. pl. [L., hawks.] (Zoöl.) The order that includes rapacious birds. They have a hooked bill, and sharp, strongly curved talons. There are three families, represented by the vultures, the falcons or hawks, and the owls.

Ac*cip"i*trine (#; 277), a. [Cf. F. accipitrin.] (Zoöl.) Like or belonging to the Accipitres; raptorial; hawklike.

||Ac*cis"mus (&?;), n. [NL., fr. Gr. &?;.] (Rhet.) Affected refusal; coyness.

Ac*cite" (&?;), v. t. [L. accitus, p. p. of accire, accere, to call for; ad + ciere to move, call. See Cite.] To cite; to summon. [Obs.]

Our heralds now accited all that were Endamaged by the Elians. Chapman.

Ac*claim" (&?;), v. t. [L. acclamare; ad + clamare to cry out. See Claim, Clamor.] [R.] 1. To applaud. "A glad acclaiming train." Thomson.

2. To declare by acclamations.

While the shouting crowd Acclaims thee king of traitors. Smollett.

3. To shout; as, to acclaim my joy.

Ac*claim", v. i. To shout applause.

Ac*claim", n. Acclamation. [Poetic] Milton.

Ac*claim"er (&?;), n. One who acclaims.

Ac`cla*ma"tion (&?;), n. [L. acclamatio: cf. F. acclamation.] 1. A shout of approbation, favor, or assent; eager expression of approval; loud applause.

On such a day, a holiday having been voted by acclamation, an ordinary walk would not satisfy the children. Southey.

2. (Antiq.) A representation, in sculpture or on medals, of people expressing joy.

Acclamation medals are those on which laudatory acclamations are recorded. Elmes.

Ac*clam"a*to*ry (&?;), a. Pertaining to, or expressing approval by, acclamation.

Ac*cli"ma*ta*ble (&?;), a. Capable of being acclimated.

Ac*cli`ma*ta"tion (&?;), n. [Cf. F. acclimation. See Acclimate.] Acclimatization.

Ac*cli"mate (#; 277), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Acclimated (&?;); p. pr. & vb. n. Acclimating.] [F. acclimater; à (l. ad) + climat climate. See Climate.] To habituate to a climate not native; to acclimatize. J. H. Newman.

Ac*cli"mate*ment (-ment), n. Acclimation. [R.]

Ac`cli*ma"tion (&?;), n. The process of becoming, or the state of being, acclimated, or habituated to a new climate; acclimatization.

Ac*cli"ma*ti`za*ble (&?;), a. Capable of being acclimatized.

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Ac*cli"ma*ti*za"tion (k`kl"m*t*z"shn), n. The act of acclimatizing; the process of inuring to a new climate, or the state of being so inured. Darwin.

Ac*cli"ma*tize (k`kl"m*tz), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Acclimatized (-tzd); p. pr. & vb. n. Acclimatizing (- t`zng).] To inure or habituate to a climate different from that which is natural; to adapt to the peculiarities of a foreign or strange climate; said of man, the inferior animals, or plants.

Ac*cli"ma*ture (#; 135), n. The act of acclimating, or the state of being acclimated. [R.] Caldwell.

Ac*clive" (&?;), a. Acclivous. [Obs.]

Ac*cliv"i*tous (&?;), a. Acclivous. I. Taylor.

Ac*cliv"i*ty, n.; pl. Acclivities (&?;). [L. acclivitas, fr. acclivis, acclivus, ascending; ad + clivus a hill, slope, fr. root kli to lean. See Lean.] A slope or inclination of the earth, as the side of a hill, considered as ascending, in opposition to declivity, or descending; an upward slope; ascent.

Ac*cli"vous (#; 277), a. [L. acclivis and acclivus.] Sloping upward; rising as a hillside; -- opposed to declivous.

Ac*cloy" (-kloi"), v. t. [OF. encloyer, encloer, F. enclouer, to drive in a nail, fr. L. in + clavus nail.] To fill to satiety; to stuff full; to clog; to overload; to burden. See Cloy. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Ac*coast" (-kst"), v. t. & i. [See Accost, Coast.] To lie or sail along the coast or side of; to accost. [Obs.]

Whether high towering or accoasting low. Spenser.

Ac*coil" (&?;), v. t. [OE. acoillir to receive, F. accueillir; L. ad + colligere to collect. See Coil.] 1. To gather together; to collect. [Obs.] Spenser.

2. (Naut.) To coil together. Ham. Nav. Encyc.

Ac`co*lade" (k`k*ld" or -ld"; 277), n. [F. accolade, It. accolata, fr. accollare to embrace; L. ad + collum neck.] 1. A ceremony formerly used in conferring knighthood, consisting of an embrace, and a slight blow on the shoulders with the flat blade of a sword.

2. (Mus.) A brace used to join two or more staves.

Ac*com*bi*na"tion (&?;), n. [L. ad + E. combination.] A combining together. [R.]

Ac*com"mo*da*ble (&?;), a. [Cf. F. accommodable.] That may be accommodated, fitted, or made to agree. [R.] I. Watts.

Ac*com"mo*dable*ness, n. The quality or condition of being accommodable. [R.] Todd.

Ac*com"mo*date (&?;), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Accommodated (&?;); p. pr. & vb. n. Accommodating (&?;).] [L. accommodatus, p. p. of accommodare; ad + commodare to make fit, help; con- + modus measure, proportion. See Mode.] 1. To render fit, suitable, or correspondent; to adapt; to conform; as, to accommodate ourselves to circumstances. "They accommodate their counsels to his inclination." Addison.

2. To bring into agreement or harmony; to reconcile; to compose; to adjust; to settle; as, to accommodate differences, a dispute, etc.

3. To furnish with something desired, needed, or convenient; to favor; to oblige; as, to accommodate a friend with a loan or with lodgings.

4. To show the correspondence of; to apply or make suit by analogy; to adapt or fit, as teachings to accidental circumstances, statements to facts, etc.; as, to accommodate prophecy to events.

Syn. -- To suit; adapt; conform; adjust; arrange.

Ac*com"mo*date, v. i. To adapt one's self; to be conformable or adapted. [R.] Boyle.

Ac*com"mo*date (&?;), a. [L. accommodatus, p. p. of accommodare.] Suitable; fit; adapted; as, means accommodate to end. [Archaic] Tillotson.

Ac*com"mo*date*ly, adv. Suitably; fitly. [R.]

Ac*com"mo*date*ness, n. Fitness. [R.]

Ac*com"mo*da`ting (&?;), a. Affording, or disposed to afford, accommodation; obliging; as an accommodating man, spirit, arrangement.

Ac*com`mo*da"tion (&?;), n. [L. accommodatio, fr. accommodare: cf. F. accommodation.]

1. The act of fitting or adapting, or the state of being fitted or adapted; adaptation; adjustment; -- followed by to. "The organization of the body with accommodation to its functions." Sir M. Hale.

2. Willingness to accommodate; obligingness.

3. Whatever supplies a want or affords ease, refreshment, or convenience; anything furnished which is desired or needful; -- often in the plural; as, the accommodations -- that is, lodgings and food -- at an inn. Sir W. Scott.

4. An adjustment of differences; state of agreement; reconciliation; settlement. "To come to terms of accommodation." Macaulay.

5. The application of a writer's language, on the ground of analogy, to something not originally referred to or intended.

Many of those quotations from the Old Testament were probably intended as nothing more than accommodations. Paley.

6. (Com.) (a) A loan of money. (b) An accommodation bill or note.

Accommodation bill, or note (Com.), a bill of exchange which a person accepts, or a note which a person makes and delivers to another, not upon a consideration received, but for the purpose of raising money on credit. -- Accommodation coach, or train, one running at moderate speed and stopping at all or nearly all stations. -- Accommodation ladder (Naut.), a light ladder hung over the side of a ship at the gangway, useful in ascending from, or descending to, small boats.

Ac*com"mo*da`tor (&?;), n. He who, or that which, accommodates. Warburton.

Ac*com"pa*na*ble (&?;), a. Sociable. [Obs.] Sir P. Sidney.

Ac*com"pa*ni*er (&?;), n. He who, or that which, accompanies. Lamb.

Ac*com"pa*ni*ment (-ment), n. [F. accompagnement.] That which accompanies; something that attends as a circumstance, or which is added to give greater completeness to the principal thing, or by way of ornament, or for the sake of symmetry. Specifically: (Mus.) A part performed by instruments, accompanying another part or parts performed by voices; the subordinate part, or parts, accompanying the voice or a principal instrument; also, the harmony of a figured bass. P. Cyc.

Ac*com"pa*nist (&?;), n. The performer in music who takes the accompanying part. Busby.

Ac*com"pa*ny (&?;), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Accompanied (&?;); p. pr. & vb. n. Accompanying (&?;)] [OF. aacompaignier, F. accompagner, to associate with, fr. OF. compaign, compain, companion. See Company.] 1. To go with or attend as a companion or associate; to keep company with; to go along with; -- followed by with or by; as, he accompanied his speech with a bow.

The Persian dames, . . . In sumptuous cars, accompanied his march. Glover.

They are never alone that are accompanied with noble thoughts. Sir P. Sidney.

He was accompanied by two carts filled with wounded rebels. Macaulay.

2. To cohabit with. [Obs.] Sir T. Herbert.

Syn. -- To attend; escort; go with. -- To Accompany, Attend, Escort. We accompany those with whom we go as companions. The word imports an equality of station. We attend those whom we wait upon or follow. The word conveys an idea of subordination. We escort those whom we attend with a view to guard and protect. A gentleman accompanies a friend to some public place; he attends or escorts a lady.

Ac*com"pa*ny, v. i. 1. To associate in a company; to keep company. [Obs.] Bacon.

Men say that they will drive away one another, . . . and not accompany together. Holland.

2. To cohabit (with). [Obs.] Milton.

3. (Mus.) To perform an accompanying part or parts in a composition.

Ac*com"ple*tive (&?;), a. [L. ad + complere, completum, to fill up.] Tending to accomplish. [R.]

Ac*com"plice (&?;), n. [Ac- (perh. for the article a or for L. ad) + E. complice. See Complice.]

1. A cooperator. [R.]

Success unto our valiant general, And happiness to his accomplices! Shak.

2. (Law) An associate in the commission of a crime; a participator in an offense, whether a principal or an accessory. "And thou, the cursed accomplice of his treason." Johnson. It is followed by with or of before a person and by in (or sometimes of) before the crime; as, A was an accomplice with B in the murder of C. Dryden uses it with to before a thing. "Suspected for accomplice to the fire." Dryden.

Syn. -- Abettor; accessory; assistant; associate; confederate; coadjutor; ally; promoter. See Abettor.

Ac*com"plice*ship (&?;), n. The state of being an accomplice. [R.] Sir H. Taylor.

Ac`com*plic"i*ty (&?;), n. The act or state of being an accomplice. [R.]

Ac*com"plish (&?;), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Accomplished (&?;), p. pr. & vb. n. Accomplishing.] [OE. acomplissen, OF. accomplir, F. accomplir; L. ad + complere to fill up, complete. See Complete, Finish.] 1. To complete, as time or distance.

That He would accomplish seventy years in the desolations of Jerusalem. Dan. ix. 2.

He had accomplished half a league or more. Prescott.

2. To bring to an issue of full success; to effect; to perform; to execute fully; to fulfill; as, to accomplish a design, an object, a promise.

This that is written must yet be accomplished in me. Luke xxii. 37.

3. To equip or furnish thoroughly; hence, to complete in acquirements; to render accomplished; to polish.

The armorers accomplishing the knights. Shak.

It [the moon] is fully accomplished for all those ends to which Providence did appoint it. Wilkins.

These qualities . . . go to accomplish a perfect woman. Cowden Clarke.

4. To gain; to obtain. [Obs.] Shak.

Syn. -- To do; perform; fulfill; realize; effect; effectuate; complete; consummate; execute; achieve; perfect; equip; furnish. -- To Accomplish, Effect, Execute, Achieve, Perform. These words agree in the general idea of carrying out to some end proposed. To accomplish (to fill up to the measure of the intention) generally implies perseverance and skill; as, to accomplish a plan proposed by one's self, an object, a design, an undertaking. "Thou shalt accomplish my desire." 1 Kings v. 9.

He . . . expressed his desire to see a union accomplished between England and Scotland. Macaulay.

To effect (to work out) is much like accomplish. It usually implies some degree of difficulty contended with; as, he effected or accomplished what he intended, his purpose, but little. "What he decreed, he effected." Milton.

To work in close design by fraud or guile What force effected not. Milton.

To execute (to follow out to the end, to carry out, or into effect) implies a set mode of operation; as, to execute the laws or the orders of another; to execute a work, a purpose, design, plan, project. To perform is much like to do, though less generally applied. It conveys a notion of protracted and methodical effort; as, to perform a mission, a part, a task, a work. "Thou canst best perform that office." Milton.

The Saints, like stars, around his seat Perform their courses still. Keble.

To achieve (to come to the end or arrive at one's purpose) usually implies some enterprise or undertaking of importance, difficulty, and excellence.

Ac*com"plish*a*ble (&?;), a. Capable of being accomplished; practicable. Carlyle.

Ac*com"plished (&?;), a. 1. Completed; effected; established; as, an accomplished fact.

2. Complete in acquirements as the result usually of training; -- commonly in a good sense; as, an accomplished scholar, an accomplished villain.

They . . . show themselves accomplished bees. Holland.

Daughter of God and man, accomplished Eve. Milton.

Ac*com"plish*er (&?;), n. One who accomplishes.

Ac*com"plish*ment (-ment), n. [F. accomplissement, fr. accomplir.] 1. The act of accomplishing; entire performance; completion; fulfillment; as, the accomplishment of an enterprise, of a prophecy, etc.

2. That which completes, perfects, or equips thoroughly; acquirement; attainment; that which constitutes excellence of mind, or elegance of manners, acquired by education or training. "My new accomplishment of dancing." Churchill. "Accomplishments befitting a station." Thackeray.

Accomplishments have taken virtue's place, And wisdom falls before exterior grace. Cowper.

Ac*compt" (#; formerly #), n. See Account.

Accompt, accomptant, etc., are archaic forms.

Ac*compt"a*ble (&?;), a. See Accountable.

Ac*compt"ant (&?;), n. See Accountant.

Ac*cord" (&?;), n. [OE. acord, accord, OF. acort, acorde, F. accord, fr. OF. acorder, F. accorder. See Accord, v. t.] 1. Agreement or concurrence of opinion, will, or action; harmony of mind; consent; assent.

A mediator of an accord and peace between them. Bacon.

These all continued with one accord in prayer. Acts i. 14.

2. Harmony of sounds; agreement in pitch and tone; concord; as, the accord of tones.

Those sweet accords are even the angels' lays. Sir J. Davies.

3. Agreement, harmony, or just correspondence of things; as, the accord of light and shade in painting.

4. Voluntary or spontaneous motion or impulse to act; -- preceded by own; as, of one's own accord.

That which groweth of its own accord of thy harvest thou shalt not reap. Lev. xxv. 5.

Of his own accord he went unto you. 2 Cor. vii. 17.

5. (Law) An agreement between parties in controversy, by which satisfaction for an injury is stipulated, and which, when executed, bars a suit. Blackstone.

With one accord, with unanimity.

They rushed with one accord into the theater. Acts xix. 29.

Ac*cord", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Accorded; p. pr. & vb. n. According.] [OE. acorden, accorden, OF. acorder, F. accorder, fr. LL. accordare; L. ad + cor, cordis, heart. Cf. Concord, Discord, and see Heart.] 1. To make to agree or correspond; to suit one thing to another; to adjust; -- followed by to. [R.]

Her hands accorded the lute's music to the voice. Sidney.

2. To bring to an agreement, as persons; to reconcile; to settle, adjust, harmonize, or compose, as things; as, to accord suits or controversies.

When they were accorded from the fray. Spenser.

All which particulars, being confessedly knotty and difficult can never be accorded but by a competent stock of critical learning. South.

3. To grant as suitable or proper; to concede; to award; as, to accord to one due praise. "According his desire." Spenser.

Ac*cord", v. i. 1. To agree; to correspond; to be in harmony; -- followed by with, formerly also by to; as, his disposition accords with his looks.

My heart accordeth with my tongue. Shak.

Thy actions to thy words accord. Milton.

2. To agree in pitch and tone.

Ac*cord"a*ble (&?;), a. [OF. acordable, F. accordable.] 1. Agreeing. [Obs.] Chaucer.

2. Reconcilable; in accordance.

Ac*cord"ance (&?;), n. [OF. acordance.] Agreement; harmony; conformity. "In strict accordance with the law." Macaulay.

Syn. -- Harmony; unison; coincidence.

Ac*cord"an*cy (&?;), n. Accordance. [R.] Paley.

Ac*cord"ant (&?;), a. [OF. acordant, F. accordant.] Agreeing; consonant; harmonious; corresponding; conformable; -- followed by with or to.

Strictly accordant with true morality. Darwin.

And now his voice accordant to the string. Coldsmith.

Ac*cord"ant*ly, adv. In accordance or agreement; agreeably; conformably; -- followed by with or to.

Ac*cord"er (&?;), n. One who accords, assents, or concedes. [R.]

Ac*cord"ing, p. a. Agreeing; in agreement or harmony; harmonious. "This according voice of national wisdom." Burke. "Mind and soul according well." Tennyson.

According to him, every person was to be bought. Macaulay.

Our zeal should be according to knowledge. Sprat.

According to has been called a prepositional phrase, but strictly speaking, according is a participle in the sense of agreeing, acceding, and to alone is the preposition.

According as, precisely as; the same as; corresponding to the way in which. According as is an adverbial phrase, of which the propriety has been doubted; but good usage sanctions it. See According, adv.

Is all things well, According as I gave directions? Shak.

The land which the Lord will give you according as he hath promised. Ex. xii. 25.

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Ac*cord"ing (&?;), adv. Accordingly; correspondingly. [Obs.] Shak.

Ac*cord"ing*ly, adv. 1. Agreeably; correspondingly; suitably; in a manner conformable.

Behold, and so proceed accordingly. Shak.

2. In natural sequence; consequently; so.

Syn. -- Consequently; therefore; wherefore; hence; so. -- Accordingly, Consequently, indicate a connection between two things, the latter of which is done on account of the former. Accordingly marks the connection as one of simple accordance or congruity, leading naturally to the result which followed; as, he was absent when I called, and I accordingly left my card; our preparations were all finished, and we accordingly set sail. Consequently all finished, and we accordingly set sail. Consequently marks a closer connection, that of logical or causal sequence; as, the papers were not ready, and consequently could not be signed.

Ac*cor"di*on (&?;), n. [See Accord.] (Mus.) A small, portable, keyed wind instrument, whose tones are generated by play of the wind upon free metallic reeds.

Ac*cor"di*on*ist, n. A player on the accordion.

Ac*cord"ment (k*kôrd"ment), n. [OF. acordement. See Accord, v.] Agreement; reconcilement. [Obs.] Gower.

Ac*cor"po*rate (&?;), v. t. [L. accorporare; ad + corpus, corporis, body.] To unite; to attach; to incorporate. [Obs.] Milton.

Ac*cost" (#; 115), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Accosted; p. pr. & vb. n. Accosting.] [F. accoster, LL. accostare to bring side by side; L. ad + costa rib, side. See Coast, and cf. Accoast.] 1. To join side to side; to border; hence, to sail along the coast or side of. [Obs.] "So much [of Lapland] as accosts the sea." Fuller.

2. To approach; to make up to. [Archaic] Shak.

3. To speak to first; to address; to greet. "Him, Satan thus accosts." Milton.

Ac*cost", v. i. To adjoin; to lie alongside. [Obs.] "The shores which to the sea accost." Spenser.

Ac*cost", n. Address; greeting. [R.] J. Morley.

Ac*cost"a*ble (&?;), a. [Cf. F. accostable.] Approachable; affable. [R.] Hawthorne.

Ac*cost"ed, a. (Her.) Supported on both sides by other charges; also, side by side.

||Ac*couche"ment (#; 277), n. [F., fr. accoucher to be delivered of a child, to aid in delivery, OF. acouchier orig. to lay down, put to bed, go to bed; L. ad + collocare to lay, put, place. See Collate.] Delivery in childbed

||Ac*cou*cheur" (&?;), n. [F., fr. accoucher. See Accouchement.] A man who assists women in childbirth; a man midwife; an obstetrician.

||Ac*cou*cheuse" (&?;), n. [F.., fem. of accoucher.] A midwife. [Recent] Dunglison.

Ac*count" (&?;), n. [OE. acount, account, accompt, OF. acont, fr. aconter. See Account, v. t., Count, n., 1.] 1. A reckoning; computation; calculation; enumeration; a record of some reckoning; as, the Julian account of time.

A beggarly account of empty boxes. Shak.

2. A registry of pecuniary transactions; a written or printed statement of business dealings or debts and credits, and also of other things subjected to a reckoning or review; as, to keep one's account at the bank.

3. A statement in general of reasons, causes, grounds, etc., explanatory of some event; as, no satisfactory account has been given of these phenomena. Hence, the word is often used simply for reason, ground, consideration, motive, etc.; as, on no account, on every account, on all accounts.

4. A statement of facts or occurrences; recital of transactions; a relation or narrative; a report; a description; as, an account of a battle. "A laudable account of the city of London." Howell.

5. A statement and explanation or vindication of one's conduct with reference to judgment thereon.

Give an account of thy stewardship. Luke xvi. 2.

6. An estimate or estimation; valuation; judgment. "To stand high in your account." Shak.

7. Importance; worth; value; advantage; profit. "Men of account." Pope. "To turn to account." Shak.

Account current, a running or continued account between two or more parties, or a statement of the particulars of such an account. -- In account with, in a relation requiring an account to be kept. -- On account of, for the sake of; by reason of; because of. -- On one's own account, for one's own interest or behalf. -- To make account, to have an opinion or expectation; to reckon. [Obs.]

This other part . . . makes account to find no slender arguments for this assertion out of those very scriptures which are commonly urged against it. Milton.

-- To make account of, to hold in estimation; to esteem; as, he makes small account of beauty. -- To take account of, or to take into account, to take into consideration; to notice. "Of their doings, God takes no account." Milton. -- A writ of account (Law), a writ which the plaintiff brings demanding that the defendant shall render his just account, or show good cause to the contrary; -- called also an action of account. Cowell.