Chapter 52

A"re*ole (&?;), n. Same as Areola.

A*re"o*let (&?;), n. [Dim. of L. areola.] (Zoöl.) A small inclosed area; esp. one of the small spaces on the wings of insects, circumscribed by the veins.

A`re*om"e*ter (?; 277), n. [Gr. 'araio`s thin, rare + -meter: cf. F. aréomètre.] (Physics) An instrument for measuring the specific gravity of fluids; a form hydrometer.

{ A`re*o*met"ric (&?;), A`re*o*met"ric*al (&?;), } a. Pertaining to, or measured by, an areometer.

A`re*om"e*try (&?;), n. [Gr. 'araio`s thin, rare + -metry.] The art or process of measuring the specific gravity of fluids.

Ar`e*op"a*gist (&?;), n. See Areopagite.

Ar`e*op"a*gite (&?;), n. [L. Areopagites, Gr. &?;.] A member of the Areopagus. Acts xvii. 34.

Ar`e*op`a*git"ic (&?;), a. [L. Areopagiticus, Gr. &?;.] Pertaining to the Areopagus. Mitford.

Ar`e*op"a*gus, n. [L., fr. Gr. &?;, and &?; &?;, hill of Ares (Mars' Hill).] The highest judicial court at Athens. Its sessions were held on Mars' Hill. Hence, any high court or tribunal

A*re"o*style (&?;), a. & n. See Intercolumniation, and Aræostyle.

A*re`o*sys"tyle (&?;), a. & n. See Intercolumniation, and Aræosystyle.

A*rere" (&?;), v. t. & i. See Arear. [Obs.] Ellis.

A*rest" (&?;), n. A support for the spear when couched for the attack. [Obs.] Chaucer.

A*ret" (&?;), v. t. [OE. aretten, OF. areter; a (L. ad) + OF. reter, L. reputare. See Repute.] To reckon; to ascribe; to impute. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Ar`e*ta"ics (&?;), n. [Gr. &?; virtue.] The ethical theory which excludes all relations between virtue and happiness; the science of virtue; -- contrasted with eudemonics. J. Grote.

Ar`e*tol"o*gy (&?;), n. [Gr. &?;; &?; virtue + &?; discourse, &?; to speak: cf. F. arétologie.] That part of moral philosophy which treats of virtue, its nature, and the means of attaining to it.

A*rew". adv. [See Arow, Row.] In a row. [Obs.] "All her teeth arew." Spenser.

Ar"gal (&?;), n. Crude tartar. See Argol.

Ar"gal, adv. A ludicrous corruption of the Latin word ergo, therefore. Shak.

{ ||Ar"gal (&?;), ||Ar"ga*li, } n. [Mongolian.] (Zoöl.) A species of wild sheep (Ovis ammon, or O. argali), remarkable for its large horns. It inhabits the mountains of Siberia and central Asia.

The bearded argali is the aoudad. See Aoudad. The name is also applied to the bighorn sheep of the Rocky Mountains. See Bighorn.

||Ar"ga*la (&?;), n. [Native name.] (Zoöl.) The adjutant bird.

Ar"gand lamp` (&?;). [Named from the inventor, Aimé Argand of Geneva.] A lamp with a circular hollow wick and glass chimney which allow a current of air both inside and outside of the flame.

Argand burner, a burner for an Argand lamp, or a gas burner in which the principle of that lamp is applied.

||Ar"gas (&?;), n. A genus of venomous ticks which attack men and animals. The famous Persian Argas, also called Miana bug, is A. Persicus; that of Central America, called talaje by the natives, is A. Talaje.

Ar*ge"an (&?;), a. Pertaining to the ship Argo. See Argo.

Ar"gent (&?;), n. [F. argent, fr. L. argentum, silver; akin to Gr. 'a`rgyros silver, 'argo`s, 'argh`s, white, bright, Skr. rajata white, silver, raj to shine, Ir. arg white, milk, airgiod silver, money, and L. arguere to make clear. See Argue.] 1. Silver, or money. [Archaic]

2. (Fig. & Poet.) Whiteness; anything that is white.

The polished argent of her breast. Tennyson.

3. (Her.) The white color in coats of arms, intended to represent silver, or, figuratively, purity, innocence, beauty, or gentleness; -- represented in engraving by a plain white surface. Weale.

Ar"gent, a. Made of silver; of a silvery color; white; shining.

Yonder argent fields above. Pope.

Ar*gen"tal (&?;), a. Of or pertaining to silver; resembling, containing, or combined with, silver.

Ar"gen*tan, n. An alloy of nickel with copper and zinc; German silver.

Ar"gen*tate, a. [L. argentatus silvered.] (Bot.) Silvery white. Gray.

Ar`gen*ta"tion, n. [L. argentare to silver, fr. argentum silver. See Argent.] A coating or overlaying with silver. [R.] Johnson.

Ar*gen"tic (&?;), a. (Chem.) Pertaining to, derived from, or containing, silver; -- said of certain compounds of silver in which this metal has its lowest proportion; as, argentic chloride.

Ar`gen*tif"er*ous (&?;), a. [L. argentum silver + -ferous: cf. F. argentifère.] Producing or containing silver; as, argentiferous lead ore or veins.

Ar"gen*tine (?; in the 2d sense, commonly ?), a. 1. Pertaining to, or resembling, silver; made of, or sounding like, silver; silvery.

Celestial Dian, goddess argentine. Shak.

2. Of or pertaining to the Argentine Republic in South America.

Ar"gen*tine, n. [Cf. F. argentin, fr. L. argentum silver.] 1. (Min.) A siliceous variety of calcite, or carbonate of lime, having a silvery-white, pearly luster, and a waving or curved lamellar structure.

2. White metal coated with silver. Simmonds.

3. (Zoöl.) A fish of Europe (Maurolicus Pennantii) with silvery scales. The name is also applied to various fishes of the genus Argentina.

4. A citizen of the Argentine Republic.

Ar"gen*tite (&?;), n. [L. argentum silver.] (Min.) Sulphide of silver; -- also called vitreous silver, or silver glance. It has a metallic luster, a lead-gray color, and is sectile like lead.

Ar*gen"tous (&?;), a. (Chem.) Of, pertaining to, or containing, silver; -- said of certain silver compounds in which silver has a higher proportion than in argentic compounds; as, argentous chloride.

Ar"gent*ry (&?;), n. [F. argenterie, fr. argent silver, L. argentum.] Silver plate or vessels. [Obs.]

Bowls of frosted argentry. Howell.

Ar"gil (&?;), n. [F. argile, L. argilla white clay, akin to Gr. &?; or &?; argil, &?; white. See Argent.] (Min.) Clay, or potter's earth; sometimes pure clay, or alumina. See Clay.

Ar`gil*la"ceous (&?;), a. [L. argillaceus, fr. argilla.] Of the nature of clay; consisting of, or containing, argil or clay; clayey.

Argillaceous sandstone (Geol.), a sandstone containing much clay. -- Argillaceous iron ore, the clay ironstone. -- Argillaceous schist or state. See Argillite.

Ar`gil*lif"er*ous (&?;), a. [L. argilla white clay + -ferous.] Producing clay; -- applied to such earths as abound with argil. Kirwan.

Ar"gil*lite (&?;), n. [Gr. &?; clay + - lite.] (Min.) Argillaceous schist or slate; clay slate. Its colors is bluish or blackish gray, sometimes greenish gray, brownish red, etc. -- Ar`gil*lit"ic, a.

Ar*gil`lo-are`e*na"ceous (&?;), a. Consisting of, or containing, clay and sand, as a soil.

Ar*gil`lo-cal*ca"re*ous (&?;), a. Consisting of, or containing, clay and calcareous earth.

Ar*gil`lo-fer*ru"gi*nous (&?;), a. Containing clay and iron.

Ar*gil"lous (&?;), a. [L. argillosus, fr. argilla. See Argil.] Argillaceous; clayey. Sir T. Browne.

Ar"give (&?;), a. [L. Argivus, fr. Argos, Argi.] Of or performance to Argos, the capital of Argolis in Greece. -- n. A native of Argos. Often used as a generic term, equivalent to Grecian or Greek.

||Ar"go (&?;), n. [L. Argo, Gr. &?;.] 1. (Myth.) The name of the ship which carried Jason and his fifty-four companions to Colchis, in quest of the Golden Fleece.

2. (Astron.) A large constellation in the southern hemisphere, called also Argo Navis. In modern astronomy it is replaced by its three divisions, Carina, Puppis, and Vela.

Ar*go"an (&?;), a. Pertaining to the ship Argo.

Ar"goile (&?;), n. Potter's clay. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Ar"gol (&?;), n. [Cf. Argal, Orgal. Of unknown origin.] Crude tartar; an acidulous salt from which cream of tartar is prepared. It exists in the juice of grapes, and is deposited from wines on the sides of the casks. Ure.

Ar*gol"ic (&?;), a. [L. Argolicus, Gr. &?;.] Pertaining to Argolis, a district in the Peloponnesus.

Ar"gon (&?;), n. [Gr. &?; inactive.] (Chem.) A substance regarded as an element, contained in the atmosphere and remarkable for its chemical inertness. Rayleigh and Ramsay.

Ar"go*naut (&?;), n. [L. Argonauta, Gr. &?;; &?; + &?; sailor, &?; ship. See Argo.] 1. Any one of the legendary Greek heroes who sailed with Jason, in the Argo, in quest of the Golden Fleece.

2. (Zoöl.) A cephalopod of the genus Argonauta.

||Ar`go*nau"ta (&?;), n. (Zoöl.) A genus of Cephalopoda. The shell is called paper nautilus or paper sailor.

The animal has much resemblance to an Octopus. It has eight arms, two of which are expanded at the end and clasp the shell, but are never elevated in the air for sails as was formerly supposed. The creature swims beneath the surface by means of a jet of water, like other cephalopods. The male has no shell, and is much smaller than the female. See Hectocotylus.

Ar"go*naut"ic (&?;), a. [L. Argonauticus.] Of or pertaining to the Argonauts.

Ar"go*sy (&?;), n.; pl. Argosies (&?;). [Earlier ragusy, fr. ragusa meaning orig. a vessel of Ragusa.] A large ship, esp. a merchant vessel of the largest size.

Where your argosies with portly sail . . . Do overpeer the petty traffickers. Shak.

||Ar`got" (&?;), n. [F. Of unknown origin.] A secret language or conventional slang peculiar to thieves, tramps, and vagabonds; flash.

Ar"gu*a*ble (&?;), a. Capable of being argued; admitting of debate.

Ar"gue (&?;), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Argued (&?;); p. pr. & vb. n. Arguing.] [OE. arguen, F. arguer, fr. L. argutare, freq. of arguere to make clear; from the same root as E. argent.] 1. To invent and offer reasons to support or overthrow a proposition, opinion, or measure; to use arguments; to reason.

I argue not Against Heaven's hand or will. Milton.

2. To contend in argument; to dispute; to reason; - - followed by with; as, you may argue with your friend without convincing him.

Ar"gue, v. t. 1. To debate or discuss; to treat by reasoning; as, the counsel argued the cause before a full court; the cause was well argued.

2. To prove or evince; too manifest or exhibit by inference, deduction, or reasoning.

So many laws argue so many sins. Milton.

3. To persuade by reasons; as, to argue a man into a different opinion.

4. To blame; to accuse; to charge with. [Obs.]

Thoughts and expressions . . . which can be truly argued of obscenity, profaneness, or immorality. Dryden.

Syn. -- to reason; evince; discuss; debate; expostulate; remonstrate; controvert. -- To Argue, Dispute, Debate. These words, as here compared, suppose a contest between two parties in respect to some point at issue. To argue is to adduce arguments or reasons in support of one's cause or position. To dispute is to call in question or deny the statements or arguments of the opposing party. To debate is to strive for or against in a somewhat formal manner by arguments.

Men of many words sometimes argue for the sake of talking; men of ready tongues frequently dispute for the sake of victory; men in public life often debate for the sake of opposing the ruling party, or from any other motive than the love of truth. Crabb.

Unskilled to argue, in dispute yet loud, Bold without caution, without honors proud. Falconer.

Betwixt the dearest friends to raise debate. Dryden.

Ar"gu*er (&?;), n. One who argues; a reasoner; a disputant.

Ar"gu*fy (&?;), v. t. & i. [Argue + -fy.] 1. To argue pertinaciously. [Colloq.] Halliwell.

2. To signify. [Colloq.]

||Ar"gu*lus (&?;), n. [NL., dim of Argus.] (Zoöl.) A genus of copepod Crustacea, parasitic of fishes; a fish louse. See Branchiura.

Ar"gu*ment (&?;), n. [F. argument, L. argumentum, fr. arguere to argue.] 1. Proof; evidence. [Obs.]

There is.. no more palpable and convincing argument of the existence of a Deity. Ray.

Why, then, is it made a badge of wit and an argument of parts for a man to commence atheist, and to cast off all belief of providence, all awe and reverence for religion? South.

2. A reason or reasons offered in proof, to induce belief, or convince the mind; reasoning expressed in words; as, an argument about, concerning, or regarding a proposition, for or in favor of it, or against it.

3. A process of reasoning, or a controversy made up of rational proofs; argumentation; discussion; disputation.

The argument is about things, but names. Locke.

4. The subject matter of a discourse, writing, or artistic representation; theme or topic; also, an abstract or summary, as of the contents of a book, chapter, poem.

You and love are still my argument. Shak.

The abstract or argument of the piece. Jeffrey.

[Shields] with boastful argument portrayed. Milton.

5. Matter for question; business in hand. [Obs.]

Sheathed their swords for lack of argument. Shak.

6. (Astron.) The quantity on which another quantity in a table depends; as, the altitude is the argument of the refraction.

7. (Math.) The independent variable upon whose value that of a function depends. Brande & C.

<! p. 81 !>

Ar"gu*ment (r"g*ment), v. i. [L. argumentari.] To make an argument; to argue. [Obs.] Gower.

Ar`gu*men"ta*ble (-men"t*b'l), a. [L. argumentabilis.] Admitting of argument. [R.] Chalmers.

Ar`gu*men"tal (&?;), a. [L. argumentalis.] Of, pertaining to, or containing, argument; argumentative.

Ar`gu*men*ta"tion (&?;), n. [L. argumentatio, from argumentari: cf. F. argumentation.] 1. The act of forming reasons, making inductions, drawing conclusions, and applying them to the case in discussion; the operation of inferring propositions, not known or admitted as true, from facts or principles known, admitted, or proved to be true.

Which manner of argumentation, how false and naught it is, . . . every man that hath with perceiveth. Tyndale.

2. Debate; discussion.

Syn. -- Reasoning; discussion; controversy. See Reasoning.

Ar`gu*men"ta*tive (&?;), a. 1. Consisting of, or characterized by, argument; containing a process of reasoning; as, an argumentative discourse.

2. Adductive as proof; indicative; as, the adaptation of things to their uses is argumentative of infinite wisdom in the Creator. [Obs.]

3. Given to argument; characterized by argument; disputatious; as, an argumentative writer.

--Ar`gu*men"ta*tive*ly, adv. -- Ar`gu*men"ta*tive*ness, n.

Ar"gu*men*tize (&?;), v. i. To argue or discuss. [Obs.] Wood.

||Ar"gus (&?;), n. [L. Argus, Gr. &?;.] 1. (Myth.) A fabulous being of antiquity, said to have had a hundred eyes, who has placed by Juno to guard Io. His eyes were transplanted to the peacock's tail.

2. One very vigilant; a guardian always watchful.

3. (Zoöl.) A genus of East Indian pheasants. The common species (A. giganteus) is remarkable for the great length and beauty of the wing and tail feathers of the male. The species A. Grayi inhabits Borneo.

Ar"gus-eyed (&?;), a. Extremely observant; watchful; sharp-sighted.

Ar"gus shell` (&?;) . (Zoöl.) A species of shell (Cypræa argus), beautifully variegated with spots resembling those in a peacock's tail.

Ar`gu*ta"tion (&?;), n. [L. argutatio. See Argue.] Caviling; subtle disputation. [Obs.]

Ar*gute" (&?;), a. [L. argutus, p. p. of arguere. See Argue.] 1. Sharp; shrill. [Obs.] Johnson.

2. Sagacious; acute; subtle; shrewd.

The active preacher . . . the argue schoolman. Milman.

Ar*gute"ly, adv. In a subtle; shrewdly.

Ar*gute"ness, n. Acuteness. Dryden.

A*rhi"zal (&?;), A*rhi"zous (&?;), A*rhyth"mic (&?;), A*rhyth"mous (&?;), a. See Arrhizal, Arrhizous, Arrhythmic, Arrhythmous.

||A"ri*a (&?;), n. [It., fr. L. aër. See Air.] (Mus.) An air or song; a melody; a tune.

The Italian term is now mostly used for the more elaborate accompanied melodies sung by a single voice, in operas, oratorios, cantatas, anthems, etc., and not so much for simple airs or tunes.

Ar"ian (&?;), a. & n. (Ethnol.) See Aryan.

A"ri*an (&?;), a. [L. Arianus.] Pertaining to Arius, a presbyter of the church of Alexandria, in the fourth century, or to the doctrines of Arius, who held Christ to be inferior to God the Father in nature and dignity, though the first and noblest of all created beings. -- n. One who adheres to or believes the doctrines of Arius. Mosheim.

A"ri*an*ism (&?;), n. The doctrines of the Arians.

A"ri*an*ize (&?;), v. i. To admit or accept the tenets of the Arians; to become an Arian.

A"ri*an*ize, v. t. To convert to Arianism.

Ar"i*cine (&?;), n. [From Arica, in Chile.] (Chem.) An alkaloid, first found in white cinchona bark.

Ar"id (&?;), a. [L. aridus, fr. arere to be dry: cf. F. aride.] Exhausted of moisture; parched with heat; dry; barren. "An arid waste." Thomson.

A*rid"i*ty (&?;), n.; pl. Aridities (&?;). [L. ariditas, fr. aridus.] 1. The state or quality of being arid or without moisture; dryness.

2. Fig.: Want of interest of feeling; insensibility; dryness of style or feeling; spiritual drought. Norris.

Ar"id*ness (&?;), n. Aridity; dryness.

A"ri*el (&?;), n., or A"ri*el ga*zelle" (&?;). [Ar. aryil, ayyil, stag.] (Zoöl.) (a) A variety of the gazelle (Antilope, or Gazella, dorcas), found in Arabia and adjacent countries. (b) A squirrel-like Australian marsupial, a species of Petaurus. (c) A beautiful Brazilian toucan Ramphastos ariel).

||A"ri*es, n. [L.] 1. (Astron.) (a) The Ram; the first of the twelve signs in the zodiac, which the sun enters at the vernal equinox, about the 21st of March. (b) A constellation west of Taurus, drawn on the celestial globe in the figure of a ram.

2. (Rom. Antiq.) A battering-ram.

Ar"i*e*tate (&?;), v. i. [L. arietatus, p. p. of arietare, fr. aries ram.] To butt, as a ram. [Obs.]

Ar`i*e*ta"tion (&?;), n. [L. arietatio.] 1. The act of butting like a ram; act of using a battering-ram. [Obs.] Bacon.

2. Act of striking or conflicting. [R.] Glanvill.

{ ||A`ri*et"ta (&?;), Ar`i*ette" (&?;), } n. [It. arietta, dim. of aria; F. ariette.] (Mus.) A short aria, or air. "A military ariette." Sir W. Scott.

A*right" (&?;), adv. [Pref. a- + right.] Rightly; correctly; in a right way or form; without mistake or crime; as, to worship God aright.

Ar"il (&?;), ||A*ril"lus (&?;), n. [From LL. arilli dry grapes, perh. fr. L. aridus dry: cf. F,. arille.] (Bot.) A exterior covering, forming a false coat or appendage to a seed, as the loose, transparent bag inclosing the seed of the white water lily. The mace of the nutmeg is also an aril. Gray.

Ar"il*late (&?;). Ar"l*la`ted (&?;), Ar"iled (&?;), a. [Cf. NL. arillatus, F. arillé.] Having an aril.

A"ri*man (&?;), n. See Ahriman.

Ar`i*o*la"tion (&?;), n. [L. ariolatio, hariolatio, fr. hariolari to prophesy, fr. hariolus soothsayer.] A soothsaying; a foretelling. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.

Ar"i*ose (&?;), a. [It. arioso, fr. aria.] Characterized by melody, as distinguished from harmony.

Mendelssohn wants the ariose beauty of Handel; vocal melody is not his forte; the interest of his airs is harmonic. Foreign Quart. Rev.

||A`ri*o"so (&?;), adv. & a. [It.] (Mus.) In the smooth and melodious style of an air; ariose.

A*rise" (*rz"), v. i. [imp. Arose (-rz"); p. pr. & vb. n. Arising; p. p. Arisen (- rz"'n).]. [AS. rsan; (equiv. to Goth. us-, ur-, G. er-, orig. meaning out) + rsan to rise; cf. Goth. urreisan to arise. See Rise.] 1. To come up from a lower to a higher position; to come above the horizon; to come up from one's bed or place of repose; to mount; to ascend; to rise; as, to arise from a kneeling posture; a cloud arose; the sun ariseth; he arose early in the morning.

2. To spring up; to come into action, being, or notice; to become operative, sensible, or visible; to begin to act a part; to present itself; as, the waves of the sea arose; a persecution arose; the wrath of the king shall arise.

There arose up a new king . . . which knew not Joseph. Ex. i. 8.

The doubts that in his heart arose. Milton.

3. To proceed; to issue; to spring.

Whence haply mention may arise Of something not unseasonable to ask. Milton.

A*rise", n. Rising. [Obs.] Drayton.

A*rist" (&?;), 3d sing. pres. of Arise, for ariseth. [Obs.] Chaucer.

||A*ris"ta (&?;), n. [L.] (Bot.) An awn. Gray.

Ar"is*tarch (&?;), n. [From Aristarchus, a Greek grammarian and critic, of Alexandria, about 200 b. c.] A severe critic. Knowles.

Ar`is*tar"chi*an (&?;), a. Severely critical.

Ar"is*tar`chy (&?;), n. Severely criticism.

Ar"is*tar`chy (&?;), n. Severe criticism. [Obs.] Sir J. Harrington.

A*ris"tate (&?;), a. [L. aristatus, fr. arista. See Arista.] 1. (Bot.) Having a pointed, beardlike process, as the glumes of wheat; awned. Gray.

2. (Zoöl.) Having a slender, sharp, or spinelike tip.

Ar`is*toc"ra*cy (&?;), n.; pl. Aristocracies (&?;). [Gr. &?;; &?; best + &?; to be strong, to rule, &?; strength; &?; is perh. from the same root as E. arm, and orig. meant fitting: cf. F. aristocratie. See Arm, and Create, which is related to Gr. &?;.] 1. Government by the best citizens.

2. A ruling body composed of the best citizens. [Obs.]

In the Senate Right not our quest in this, I will protest them To all the world, no aristocracy. B. Jonson.

3. A form a government, in which the supreme power is vested in the principal persons of a state, or in a privileged order; an oligarchy.

The aristocracy of Venice hath admitted so many abuses, trough the degeneracy of the nobles, that the period of its duration seems approach. Swift.

4. The nobles or chief persons in a state; a privileged class or patrician order; (in a popular use) those who are regarded as superior to the rest of the community, as in rank, fortune, or intellect.

A*ris"to*crat (?; 277), n. [F. aristocrate. See Aristocracy.] 1. One of the aristocracy or people of rank in a community; one of a ruling class; a noble.

2. One who is overbearing in his temper or habits; a proud or haughty person.

A born aristocrat, bred radical. Mrs. Browning.

3. One who favors an aristocracy as a form of government, or believes the aristocracy should govern.

His whole family are accused of being aristocrats. Romilly.

{ Ar`is*to*crat"ic (&?;), Ar`is*to*crat"ic*al (&?;), } a. [Gr. &?;: cf. F. aristocratique.] 1. Of or pertaining to an aristocracy; consisting in, or favoring, a government of nobles, or principal men; as, an aristocratic constitution.

2. Partaking of aristocracy; befitting aristocracy; characteristic of, or originating with, the aristocracy; as, an aristocratic measure; aristocratic pride or manners. - - Ar`is*to*crat"ic*al*ly, adv. -- Ar`is*to*crat"ic*al*ness, n.

Ar"is*to*crat`ism (&?;), n. 1. The principles of aristocrats. Romilly.

2. Aristocrats, collectively. [R.]

Ar`is*tol"o*gy (&?;), n. [Gr. &?; dinner + -logy.] The science of dining. Quart. Rev.

Ar`is*to*phan"ic (&?;), a. Of or pertaining to Aristophanes, the Athenian comic poet.

Ar`is*to*te"li*an (?; 277), a. Of or pertaining to Aristotle, the famous Greek philosopher (384-322 b. c.). -- n. A follower of Aristotle; a Peripatetic. See Peripatetic.

Ar`is*to*te"li*an*ism (&?;). The philosophy of Aristotle, otherwise called the Peripatetic philosophy.

Ar`is*to*tel"ic (&?;), a. Pertaining to Aristotle or to his philosophy. "Aristotelic usage." Sir W. Hamilton.

Ar"is*to`tle's lan"tern (&?;). (Zoöl.) The five united jaws and accessory ossicles of certain sea urchins.

A*ris"tu*late (?; 135), a. [Dim. fr. arista.] (Bot.) Having a short beard or awn. Gray.

Ar"ith*man`cy (&?;), n. [Gr. &?; number + -mancy.] Divination by means of numbers.

A*rith"me*tic (&?;), n. [OE. arsmetike, OF. arismetique, L. arithmetica, fr. Gr. &?; (sc. &?;), fr. &?; arithmetical, fr. &?; to number, fr. &?; number, prob. fr. same root as E. arm, the idea of counting coming from that of fitting, attaching. See Arm. The modern Eng. and French forms are accommodated to the Greek.] 1. The science of numbers; the art of computation by figures.

2. A book containing the principles of this science.

Arithmetic of sines, trigonometry. -- Political arithmetic, the application of the science of numbers to problems in civil government, political economy, and social science. -- Universal arithmetic, the name given by Sir Isaac Newton to algebra.

Ar`ith*met"ic*al (&?;), a. Of or pertaining to arithmetic; according to the rules or method of arithmetic.