Chapter 47

Ap*pete" (&?;), v. t. [L. appetere: cf. F. appéter. See Appetite.] To seek for; to desire. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Ap"pe*tence (&?;), n. [Cf. F. appétence. See Appetency.] A longing; a desire; especially an ardent desire; appetite; appetency.

Ap"pe*ten*cy (&?;), n.; pl. Appetencies (&?;). [L. appetentia, fr. appetere to strive after, long for. See Appetite.] 1. Fixed and strong desire; esp. natural desire; a craving; an eager appetite.

They had a strong appetency for reading. Merivale.

2. Specifically: An instinctive inclination or propensity in animals to perform certain actions, as in the young to suck, in aquatic fowls to enter into water and to swim; the tendency of an organized body to seek what satisfies the wants of its organism.

These lacteals have mouths, and by animal selection or appetency the absorb such part of the fluid as is agreeable to their palate. E. Darwin.

3. Natural tendency; affinity; attraction; -- used of inanimate objects.

Ap"pe*tent (&?;), a. [L. appetens, p. pr. of appetere.] Desiring; eagerly desirous. [R.]

Appetent after glory and renown. Sir G. Buck.

Ap`pe*ti*bil"i*ty (&?;), n. [Cf. F. appétibilité.] The quality of being desirable. Bramhall.

Ap"pe*ti*ble (&?;), a. [L. appetibilis, fr. appetere: cf. F. appétible.] Desirable; capable or worthy of being the object of desire. Bramhall.

Ap"pe*tite (&?;), n. [OE. appetit, F. appétit, fr. L. appetitus, fr. appetere to strive after, long for; ad + petere to seek. See Petition, and cf. Appetence.] 1. The desire for some personal gratification, either of the body or of the mind.

The object of appetite it whatsoever sensible good may be wished for; the object of will is that good which reason does lead us to seek. Hooker.

2. Desire for, or relish of, food or drink; hunger.

Men must have appetite before they will eat. Buckle.

3. Any strong desire; an eagerness or longing.

It God had given to eagles an appetite to swim. Jer. Taylor.

To gratify the vulgar appetite for the marvelous. Macaulay.

4. Tendency; appetency. [Obs.]

In all bodies there as an appetite of union. Bacon.

5. The thing desired. [Obs.]

Power being the natural appetite of princes. Swift.

In old authors, appetite is followed by to or of, but regularly it should be followed by for before the object; as, an appetite for pleasure.

Syn. -- Craving; longing; desire; appetency; passion.

Ap`pe*ti"tion (&?;), n. [L. appetitio: cf. F. appétition.] Desire; a longing for, or seeking after, something. Holland.

Ap"pe*ti"tive (&?;), a. [Cf. F. appétitif.] Having the quality of desiring gratification; as, appetitive power or faculty. Sir M. Hale.

Ap"pe*tize (&?;), v. t. To make hungry; to whet the appetite of. Sir W. Scott.

Ap"pe*ti`zer (&?;), n. Something which creates or whets an appetite.

Ap"pe*ti`zing (&?;), a. [Cf. F. appétissant.] Exciting appetite; as, appetizing food.

The appearance of the wild ducks is very appetizing. Sir W. Scott.

Ap"pe*ti`zing, adv. So as to excite appetite.

Ap"pi*an (&?;), a. [L. Appius, Appianus.] Of or pertaining to Appius.

Appian Way, the great paved highway from ancient Rome trough Capua to Brundisium, now Brindisi, constructed partly by Appius Claudius, about 312 b. c.

Ap*plaud" (&?;), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Applauded; p. pr. & vb. n. Applauding.] [L. applaudere; ad + plaudere to clash, to clap the hands: cf. F. applaudir. Cf. Explode.] 1. To show approval of by clapping the hands, acclamation, or other significant sign.

I would applaud thee to the very echo, That should applaud again. Shak.

2. To praise by words; to express approbation of; to commend; to approve.

By the gods, I do applaud his courage. Shak.

Syn. -- To praise; extol; commend; cry up; magnify; approve. See Praise.

Ap*plaud", v. i. To express approbation loudly or significantly.

Ap*plaud"er (&?;), n. One who applauds.

Ap*plaus"a*ble (&?;), a. Worthy of applause; praiseworthy. [Obs.]

Ap*plause" (&?;), n. [L. applaudere, applausum. See Applaud.] The act of applauding; approbation and praise publicly expressed by clapping the hands, stamping or tapping with the feet, acclamation, huzzas, or other means; marked commendation.

The brave man seeks not popular applause. Dryden.

Syn. -- Acclaim; acclamation; plaudit; commendation; approval.

Ap*plau"sive (&?;), a. [LL. applausivus.] Expressing applause; approbative. -- Ap*plau"sive*ly, adv.

Ap"ple (p"p'l), n. [OE. appel, eppel, AS. æppel, æpl; akin to Fries. & D. appel, OHG, aphul, aphol, G. apfel, Icel. epli, Sw. äple, Dan. æble, Gael. ubhall, W. afal, Arm. aval, Lith. oblys, Russ. iabloko; of unknown origin.] 1. The fleshy pome or fruit of a rosaceous tree (Pyrus malus) cultivated in numberless varieties in the temperate zones.

The European crab apple is supposed to be the original kind, from which all others have sprung.

2. (bot.) Any tree genus Pyrus which has the stalk sunken into the base of the fruit; an apple tree.

3. Any fruit or other vegetable production resembling, or supposed to resemble, the apple; as, apple of love, or love apple (a tomato), balsam apple, egg apple, oak apple.

4. Anything round like an apple; as, an apple of gold.

Apple is used either adjectively or in combination; as, apple paper or apple-paper, apple-shaped, apple blossom, apple dumpling, apple pudding.

Apple blight, an aphid which injures apple trees. See Blight, n. -- Apple borer (Zoöl.), a coleopterous insect (Saperda candida or bivittata), the larva of which bores into the trunk of the apple tree and pear tree. -- Apple brandy, brandy made from apples. -- Apple butter, a sauce made of apples stewed down in cider. Bartlett. -- Apple corer, an instrument for removing the cores from apples. -- Apple fly (Zoöl.), any dipterous insect, the larva of which burrows in apples. Apple flies belong to the genera Drosophila and Trypeta. -- Apple midge (Zoöl.) a small dipterous insect (Sciara mali), the larva of which bores in apples. -- Apple of the eye, the pupil. -- Apple of discord, a subject of contention and envy, so called from the mythological golden apple, inscribed "For the fairest," which was thrown into an assembly of the gods by Eris, the goddess of discord. It was contended for by Juno, Minerva, and Venus, and was adjudged to the latter. -- Apple of love, or Love apple, the tomato (Lycopersicum esculentum). -- Apple of Peru, a large coarse herb (Nicandra physaloides) bearing pale blue flowers, and a bladderlike fruit inclosing a dry berry. -- Apples of Sodom, a fruit described by ancient writers as externally of fair appearance but dissolving into smoke and ashes when plucked; Dead Sea apples. The name is often given to the fruit of Solanum Sodomæum, a prickly shrub with fruit not unlike a small yellow tomato. -- Apple sauce, stewed apples. [U. S.] -- Apple snail or Apple shell (Zoöl.), a fresh-water, operculated, spiral shell of the genus Ampullaria. -- Apple tart, a tart containing apples. -- Apple tree, a tree which naturally bears apples. See Apple, 2. -- Apple wine, cider. -- Apple worm (Zoöl.), the larva of a small moth (Carpocapsa pomonella) which burrows in the interior of apples. See Codling moth. -- Dead Sea Apple. (a) pl. Apples of Sodom. Also Fig. "To seek the Dead Sea apples of politics." S. B. Griffin. (b) A kind of gallnut coming from Arabia. See Gallnut.

Ap"ple (p"p'l), v. i. To grow like an apple; to bear apples. Holland.

Ap"ple-faced` (&?;), a. Having a round, broad face, like an apple. "Apple-faced children." Dickens.

Ap"ple-jack` (&?;), n. Apple brandy. [U.S.]

Ap"ple-john`, n.. A kind of apple which by keeping becomes much withered; -- called also Johnapple. Shak.

Ap"ple pie` (&?;). A pie made of apples (usually sliced or stewed) with spice and sugar.

Apple-pie bed, a bed in which, as a joke, the sheets are so doubled (like the cover of an apple turnover) as to prevent any one from getting at his length between them. Halliwell Conybeare. -- Apple-pie order, perfect order or arrangement. [Colloq.] Halliwell.

Ap"ple-squire` (&?;), n. A pimp; a kept gallant. [Obs.] Beau. & Fl.

Ap*pli"a*ble (&?;), a. [See Apply.] Applicable; also, compliant. [Obs.] Howell.

Ap*pli"ance (&?;), n. 1. The act of applying; application; [Obs.] subservience. Shak.

2. The thing applied or used as a means to an end; an apparatus or device; as, to use various appliances; a mechanical appliance; a machine with its appliances.

Ap`pli*ca*bil"i*ty (&?;), n. The quality of being applicable or fit to be applied.

Ap"pli*ca*ble (&?;), a. [Cf. F. aplicable, fr. L. applicare. See Apply.] Capable of being applied; fit or suitable to be applied; having relevance; as, this observation is applicable to the case under consideration. -- Ap"pli*ca*ble*ness, n. -- Ap"pli*ca*bly, adv.

Ap"pli*can*cy (&?;), n. The quality or state of being applicable. [R.]

Ap"pli*cant (&?;), n. [L. applicans, p. pr. of applicare. See Apply.] One who apples for something; one who makes request; a petitioner.

The applicant for a cup of water. Plumtre.

The court require the applicant to appear in person. Z. Swift.

Ap"pli*cate (&?;), a. [L. applicatus, p. p. of applicare. See Apply.] Applied or put to some use.

Those applicate sciences which extend the power of man over the elements. I. Taylor.

Applicate number (Math.), one which applied to some concrete case. -- Applicate ordinate, right line applied at right angles to the axis of any conic section, and bounded by the curve.

Ap"pli*cate (&?;), v. i. To apply. [Obs.]

The act of faith is applicated to the object. Bp. Pearson.

Ap`pli*ca"tion (&?;), n. [L. applicatio, fr. applicare: cf. F. application. See Apply.] 1. The act of applying or laying on, in a literal sense; as, the application of emollients to a diseased limb.

2. The thing applied.

He invented a new application by which blood might be stanched. Johnson.

3. The act of applying as a means; the employment of means to accomplish an end; specific use.

If a right course . . . be taken with children, there will not be much need of the application of the common rewards and punishments. Locke.

4. The act of directing or referring something to a particular case, to discover or illustrate agreement or disagreement, fitness, or correspondence; as, I make the remark, and leave you to make the application; the application of a theory.

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5. Hence, in specific uses: (a) That part of a sermon or discourse in which the principles before laid down and illustrated are applied to practical uses; the "moral" of a fable. (b) The use of the principles of one science for the purpose of enlarging or perfecting another; as, the application of algebra to geometry.

6. The capacity of being practically applied or used; relevancy; as, a rule of general application.

7. The act of fixing the mind or closely applying one's self; assiduous effort; close attention; as, to injure the health by application to study.

Had his application been equal to his talents, his progress might have been greater. J. Jay.

8. The act of making request of soliciting; as, an application for an office; he made application to a court of chancery.

9. A request; a document containing a request; as, his application was placed on file.

Ap"pli*ca*tive (p"pl*k*tv), a. [Cf. F. applicatif, fr. L. applicare. See Apply.] Capable of being applied or used; applying; applicatory; practical. Bramhall. -- Ap"pli*ca*tive*ly, adv.

Ap"pli*ca*to*ri*ly (&?;), adv. By way of application.

Ap"pli*ca*to*ry, a. Having the property of applying; applicative; practical. -- n. That which applies.

Ap*pli"ed*ly (&?;), adv. By application. [R.]

Ap*pli"er (&?;), n. He who, or that which, applies.

Ap*pli"ment (&?;), n. Application. [Obs.] Marston

||Ap`pli`qué" (?; 277), a. [F., fr. appliquer to put on.] Ornamented with a pattern (which has been cut out of another color or stuff) applied or transferred to a foundation; as, appliqué lace; appliqué work.

Ap*plot" (&?;), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Applotted; p. pr. & vb. n. Applotting.] [Pref. ad- + plot.] To divide into plots or parts; to apportion. Milton.

Ap*plot"ment (&?;), n. Apportionment.

Ap*ply" (&?;), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Applied (&?;); p. pr. & vb. n. Applying.] [OF. aplier, F. appliquer, fr. L. applicare to join, fix, or attach to; ad + plicare to fold, to twist together. See Applicant, Ply.] 1. To lay or place; to put or adjust (one thing to another); -- with to; as, to apply the hand to the breast; to apply medicaments to a diseased part of the body.

He said, and the sword his throat applied. Dryden.

2. To put to use; to use or employ for a particular purpose, or in a particular case; to appropriate; to devote; as, to apply money to the payment of a debt.

3. To make use of, declare, or pronounce, as suitable, fitting, or relative; as, to apply the testimony to the case; to apply an epithet to a person.

Yet God at last To Satan, first in sin, his doom applied. Milton.

4. To fix closely; to engage and employ diligently, or with attention; to attach; to incline.

Apply thine heart unto instruction. Prov. xxiii. 12.

5. To direct or address. [R.]

Sacred vows . . . applied to grisly Pluto. Pope.

6. To betake; to address; to refer; -- used reflexively.

I applied myself to him for help. Johnson.

7. To busy; to keep at work; to ply. [Obs.]

She was skillful in applying his "humors." Sir P. Sidney.

8. To visit. [Obs.]

And he applied each place so fast. Chapman.

Applied chemistry. See under Chemistry. -- Applied mathematics. See under Mathematics.

Ap*ply", v. i. 1. To suit; to agree; to have some connection, agreement, or analogy; as, this argument applies well to the case.

2. To make request; to have recourse with a view to gain something; to make application. (to); to solicit; as, to apply to a friend for information.

3. To ply; to move. [R.]

I heard the sound of an oar applying swiftly through the water. T. Moore.

4. To apply or address one's self; to give application; to attend closely (to).

||Ap*pog`gia*tu"ra (&?;), n. [It., fr. appogiarre to lean, to rest; ap- (L. ad) + poggiare to mount, ascend, poggio hill, fr. L. podium an elevated place.] (Mus.) A passing tone preceding an essential tone, and borrowing the time it occupies from that; a short auxiliary or grace note one degree above or below the principal note unless it be of the same harmony; -- generally indicated by a note of smaller size, as in the illustration above. It forms no essential part of the harmony.

Ap*point" (p*point"), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Appointed; p. pr. & vb. n. Appointing.] [OE. appointen, apointen, OF. apointier to prepare, arrange, lean, place, F. appointer to give a salary, refer a cause, fr. LL. appunctare to bring back to the point, restore, to fix the point in a controversy, or the points in an agreement; L. ad + punctum a point. See Point.] 1. To fix with power or firmness; to establish; to mark out.

When he appointed the foundations of the earth. Prov. viii. 29.

2. To fix by a decree, order, command, resolve, decision, or mutual agreement; to constitute; to ordain; to prescribe; to fix the time and place of.

Thy servants are ready to do whatsoever my lord the king shall appoint. 2 Sam. xv. 15.

He hath appointed a day, in the which he will judge the world in righteousness. Acts xvii. 31.

Say that the emperor request a parley . . . and appoint the meeting. Shak.

3. To assign, designate, or set apart by authority.

Aaron and his shall go in, and appoint them every one to his service. Num. iv. 19.

These were cities appointed for all the children of Israel, and for the stranger that sojourneth among them. Josh. xx. 9.

4. To furnish in all points; to provide with everything necessary by way of equipment; to equip; to fit out.

The English, being well appointed, did so entertain them that their ships departed terribly torn. Hayward.

5. To point at by way, or for the purpose, of censure or commendation; to arraign. [Obs.]

Appoint not heavenly disposition. Milton.

6. (Law) To direct, designate, or limit; to make or direct a new disposition of, by virtue of a power contained in a conveyance; -- said of an estate already conveyed. Burrill. Kent.

To appoint one's self, to resolve. [Obs.] Crowley.

Ap*point" (p*point"), v. i. To ordain; to determine; to arrange.

For the Lord had appointed to defeat the good counsel of Ahithophel. 2 Sam. xvii. 14.

Ap*point"a*ble (&?;), a. Capable of being appointed or constituted.

Ap*point*ee" (&?;), n. [F. appointé, p. p. of appointer. See Appoint, v. t.] 1. A person appointed.

The commission authorizes them to make appointments, and pay the appointees. Circular of Mass. Representatives (1768).

2. (law) A person in whose favor a power of appointment is executed. Kent. Wharton.

Ap*point"er (&?;), n. One who appoints, or executes a power of appointment. Kent.

Ap*point"ive (&?;), a. Subject to appointment; as, an appointive office. [R.]

Ap*point"ment (&?;), n. [Cf. F. appointement.] 1. The act of appointing; designation of a person to hold an office or discharge a trust; as, he erred by the appointment of unsuitable men.

2. The state of being appointed to som&?; service or office; an office to which one is appointed; station; position; an, the appointment of treasurer.

3. Stipulation; agreement; the act of fixing by mutual agreement. Hence:: Arrangement for a meeting; engagement; as, they made an appointment to meet at six.

4. Decree; direction; established order or constitution; as, to submit to the divine appointments.

According to the appointment of the priests. Ezra vi. 9.

5. (Law) The exercise of the power of designating (under a "power of appointment") a person to enjoy an estate or other specific property; also, the instrument by which the designation is made.

6. Equipment, furniture, as for a ship or an army; whatever is appointed for use and management; outfit; (pl.) the accouterments of military officers or soldiers, as belts, sashes, swords.

The cavaliers emulated their chief in the richness of their appointments. Prescott.

I'll prove it in my shackles, with these hands Void of appointment, that thou liest. Beau. & Fl.

7. An allowance to a person, esp. to a public officer; a perquisite; -- properly only in the plural. [Obs.]

An expense proportioned to his appointments and fortune is necessary. Chesterfield.

8. A honorary part or exercise, as an oration, etc., at a public exhibition of a college; as, to have an appointment. [U.S.]

Syn. -- Designation; command; order; direction; establishment; equipment.

Ap*point*or" (&?;), n. (Law) The person who selects the appointee. See Appointee, 2.

Ap*por"ter (&?;), n. [Cf. F. apporter to bring in, fr. L. apportare; ad + portare to bear.] A bringer in; an importer. [Obs.] Sir M. Hale.

Ap*por"tion (&?;), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Apportioned (&?;); p. pr. & vb. n. Apportioning.] [OF. apportionner, LL. apportionare, fr. L. ad + portio. See Portion.] To divide and assign in just proportion; to divide and distribute proportionally; to portion out; to allot; as, to apportion undivided rights; to apportion time among various employments.

Ap*por"tion*ate*ness (&?;), n. The quality of being apportioned or in proportion. [Obs. & R.]

Ap*por"tion*er (&?;), n. One who apportions.

Ap*por"tion*ment (&?;), n. [Cf. F. apportionnement, LL. apportionamentum.] The act of apportioning; a dividing into just proportions or shares; a division or shares; a division and assignment, to each proprietor, of his just portion of an undivided right or property. A. Hamilton.

Ap*pose" (&?;), v. t. [F. apposer to set to; &?; (L. ad) + poser to put, place. See Pose.] 1. To place opposite or before; to put or apply (one thing to another).

The nymph herself did then appose, For food and beverage, to him all best meat. Chapman.

2. To place in juxtaposition or proximity.

Ap*pose", v. t. [For oppose. See Oppose.] To put questions to; to examine; to try. [Obs.] See Pose.

To appose him without any accuser, and that secretly. Tyndale.

Ap*posed" (&?;), a. Placed in apposition; mutually fitting, as the mandibles of a bird's beak.

Ap*pos"er (&?;), n. An examiner; one whose business is to put questions. Formerly, in the English Court of Exchequer, an officer who audited the sheriffs' accounts.

Ap"po*site (&?;), a. [L. appositus, p. p. of apponere to set or put to; ad + ponere to put, place.] Very applicable; well adapted; suitable or fit; relevant; pat; -- followed by to; as, this argument is very apposite to the case. -- Ap"po*site*ly, adv. -- Ap"po*site*ness, n.

Ap`po*si"tion (&?;), n. [L. appositio, fr. apponere: cf. F. apposition. See Apposite.] 1. The act of adding; application; accretion.

It grows . . . by the apposition of new matter. Arbuthnot.

2. The putting of things in juxtaposition, or side by side; also, the condition of being so placed.

3. (Gram.) The state of two nouns or pronouns, put in the same case, without a connecting word between them; as, I admire Cicero, the orator. Here, the second noun explains or characterizes the first.

Growth by apposition (Physiol.), a mode of growth characteristic of non vascular tissues, in which nutritive matter from the blood is transformed on the surface of an organ into solid unorganized substance.

Ap`po*si"tion*al (&?;), a. Pertaining to apposition; put in apposition syntactically. Ellicott.

Ap*pos"i*tive (&?;), a. Of or relating to apposition; in apposition. -- n. A noun in apposition. -- Ap*pos"i*tive*ly, adv.

Appositive to the words going immediately before. Knatchbull.

Ap*prais"a*ble (&?;), a. Capable of being appraised.

Ap*prais"al (&?;), n. [See Appraise. Cf. Apprizal.] A valuation by an authorized person; an appraisement.

Ap*praise" (&?;), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Appraised (&?;); p. pr. & vb. n. Appraising.] [Pref. ad- + praise. See Praise, Price, Apprize, Appreciate.] 1. To set a value; to estimate the worth of, particularly by persons appointed for the purpose; as, to appraise goods and chattels.

2. To estimate; to conjecture.

Enoch . . . appraised his weight. Tennyson.

3. To praise; to commend. [Obs.] R. Browning.

Appraised the Lycian custom. Tennyson.

In the United States, this word is often pronounced, and sometimes written, apprize.

Ap*praise"ment (&?;), n. [See Appraise. Cf. Apprizement.] The act of setting the value; valuation by an appraiser; estimation of worth.

Ap*prais"er (&?;), n. [See Appraise, Apprizer.] One who appraises; esp., a person appointed and sworn to estimate and fix the value of goods or estates.

Ap`pre*ca"tion, n. [L. apprecari to pray to; ad + precari to pray, prex, precis, prayer.] Earnest prayer; devout wish. [Obs.]

A solemn apprecation of good success. Bp. Hall.

Ap"pre*ca*to*ry (&?;), a. Praying or wishing good. [Obs.]"Apprecatory benedictions." Bp. Hall.

Ap*pre"ci*a*ble (&?;), a. [Cf. F. appréciable.] Capable of being appreciated or estimated; large enough to be estimated; perceptible; as, an appreciable quantity. -- Ap*pre"ci*a*bly, adv.

Ap*pre"ci*ant (&?;), a. Appreciative. [R.]

Ap*pre"ci*ate (&?;), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Appreciated; p. pr. & vb. n. Appreciating.] [L. appretiatus, p. p. of appretiare to value at a price, appraise; ad + pretiare to prize, pretium price. Cf. Appraise.] 1. To set a price or value on; to estimate justly; to value.

To appreciate the motives of their enemies. Gibbon.

3. To raise the value of; to increase the market price of; -- opposed to depreciate. [U.S.]

Lest a sudden peace should appreciate the money. Ramsay.

4. To be sensible of; to distinguish.

To test the power of bees to appreciate color. Lubbock.