Chapter 107

By one Spirit are we all baptized .. whether we be Jews or Bentiles, whether we be bond or free. 1 Cor. xii. 13.

Bond"age (&?;), n. [LL. bondagium. See Bond, a.]

1. The state of being bound; condition of being under restraint; restraint of personal liberty by compulsion; involuntary servitude; slavery; captivity.

The King, when he designed you for my guard, Resolved he would not make my bondage hard. Dryden.

2. Obligation; tie of duty.

He must resolve by no means to be . . . brought under the bondage of onserving oaths. South.

3. (Old Eng. Law) Villenage; tenure of land on condition of doing the meanest services for the owner.

Syn. -- Thralldom; bond service; imprisonment.

Bond"a*ger (&?;), n. A field worker, esp. a woman who works in the field. [Scot.]

||Bon"dar (&?;), n. [Native name.] (Zoöl.) A small quadruped of Bengal (Paradoxurus bondar), allied to the genet; -- called also musk cat.

Bond"ed (&?;), a. Placed under, or covered by, a bond, as for the payment of duties, or for conformity to certain regulations.

Bonded goods, goods placed in a bonded warehouse; goods, for the duties on which bonds are given at the customhouse. -- Bonded warehouse, a warehouse in which goods on which the duties are unpaid are stored under bond and in the joint custody of the importer, or his agent, and the customs officers.

Bond"er (&?;), n. 1. One who places goods under bond or in a bonded warehouse.

2. (Masonry) A bonding stone or brick; a bondstone.

Bond"er, n. [Norwegian bonde.] A freeholder on a small scale. [Norway] Emerson.

Bond"hold`er (&?;), n. A person who holds the bonds of a public or private corporation for the payment of money at a certain time.

Bond"maid` (&?;), n. [Bond, a. or n. + maid.] A female slave, or one bound to service without wages, as distinguished from a hired servant.

Bond"man (&?;), n.; pl. Bondmen (&?;). [Bond, a. or n. + man.] 1. A man slave, or one bound to service without wages. "To enfranchise bondmen." Macaulay.

2. (Old Eng. Law) A villain, or tenant in villenage.

Bond" serv`ant (&?;). A slave; one who is bound to service without wages.

If thy brother . . . be waxen poor, and be sold unto thee; thou shalt not compel him to serve as a bond servant: but as an hired servant. Lev. xxv. 39, 40.

Bond" serv`ice (&?;). The condition of a bond servant; service without wages; slavery.

Their children . . . upon those did Solomon levy a tribute of bond service. 1 Kings ix. 21.

Bond"slave` (&?;), n. A person in a state of slavery; one whose person and liberty are subjected to the authority of a master.

Bonds"man (&?;), n.; pl. Bondsmen. [Bond, a. or n. + man.] 1. A slave; a villain; a serf; a bondman.

Carnal, greedy people, without such a precept, would have no mercy upon their poor bondsmen. Derham.

2. (Law) A surety; one who is bound, or who gives security, for another.

Bond"stone` (&?;), n. [Bond, n. + stone.] (Masonry) A stone running through a wall from one face to another, to bind it together; a binding stone.

Bonds"wom`an (&?;), n. See Bondwoman.

||Bon"duc (&?;), n. [F. bonduc, fr. Ar. bunduq hazel nut, filbert nut.] (Bot.) See Nicker tree.

Bond"wom`an (&?;), n.; pl. Bondwomen (&?;). [Bond, a. or n. + woman.] A woman who is a slave, or in bondage.

He who was of the bondwoman. Gal. iv. 23.

Bone (&?;), n. [OE. bon, ban, AS. bn; akin to Icel. bein, Sw. ben, Dan. & D. been, G. bein bone, leg; cf. Icel. beinn straight.] 1. (Anat.) The hard, calcified tissue of the skeleton of vertebrate animals, consisting very largely of calcic carbonate, calcic phosphate, and gelatine; as, blood and bone.

Even in the hardest parts of bone there are many minute cavities containing living matter and connected by minute canals, some of which connect with larger canals through which blood vessels ramify.

2. One of the pieces or parts of an animal skeleton; as, a rib or a thigh bone; a bone of the arm or leg; also, any fragment of bony substance. (pl.) The frame or skeleton of the body.

3. Anything made of bone, as a bobbin for weaving bone lace.

4. pl. Two or four pieces of bone held between the fingers and struck together to make a kind of music.

5. pl. Dice.

6. Whalebone; hence, a piece of whalebone or of steel for a corset.

7. Fig.: The framework of anything.

A bone of contention, a subject of contention or dispute. -- A bone to pick, something to investigate, or to busy one's self about; a dispute to be settled (with some one). -- Bone ash, the residue from calcined bones; -- used for making cupels, and for cleaning jewelry. - - Bone black (Chem.), the black, carbonaceous substance into which bones are converted by calcination in close vessels; - - called also animal charcoal. It is used as a decolorizing material in filtering sirups, extracts, etc., and as a black pigment. See Ivory black, under Black. -- Bone cave, a cave in which are found bones of extinct or recent animals, mingled sometimes with the works and bones of man. Am. Cyc. -- Bone dust, ground or pulverized bones, used as a fertilizer. -- Bone earth (Chem.), the earthy residuum after the calcination of bone, consisting chiefly of phosphate of calcium. -- Bone lace, a lace made of linen thread, so called because woven with bobbins of bone. -- Bone oil, an oil obtained by, heating bones (as in the manufacture of bone black), and remarkable for containing the nitrogenous bases, pyridine and quinoline, and their derivatives; -- also called Dippel's oil. -- Bone setter. Same as Bonesetter. See in the Vocabulary. -- Bone shark (Zoöl.), the basking shark. -- Bone spavin. See under Spavin. -- Bone turquoise, fossil bone or tooth of a delicate blue color, sometimes used as an imitation of true turquoise. -- Bone whale (Zoöl.), a right whale. - - To be upon the bones of, to attack. [Obs.] -- To make no bones, to make no scruple; not to hesitate. [Low] -- To pick a bone with, to quarrel with, as dogs quarrel over a bone; to settle a disagreement. [Colloq.]

Bone (&?;), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Boned (&?;); p. pr. & vb. n. Boning.] 1. To withdraw bones from the flesh of, as in cookery. "To bone a turkey." Soyer.

2. To put whalebone into; as, to bone stays. Ash.

3. To fertilize with bone.

4. To steal; to take possession of. [Slang]

Bone, v. t. [F. bornoyer to look at with one eye, to sight, fr. borgne one-eyed.] To sight along an object or set of objects, to see if it or they be level or in line, as in carpentry, masonry, and surveying. Knight.

Joiners, etc., bone their work with two straight edges. W. M. Buchanan.

Bone"ache` (&?;), n. Pain in the bones. Shak.

Bone"black` (&?;), n. See Bone black, under Bone, n.

Boned (&?;), a. 1. Having (such) bones; -- used in composition; as, big-boned; strong-boned.

No big-boned men framed of the Cyclops' size. Shak.

2. Deprived of bones; as, boned turkey or codfish.

3. Manured with bone; as, boned land.

Bone"dog` (&?;), n. (Zoöl.) The spiny dogfish.

Bone"fish` (&?;), n. (Zoöl.) See Ladyfish.

Bone"less, a. Without bones. "Boneless gums." Shak.

Bone"set` (&?;), n. (Bot.) A medicinal plant, the thoroughwort (Eupatorium perfoliatum). Its properties are diaphoretic and tonic.

Bone"set*ter (&?;), n. One who sets broken or dislocated bones; -- commonly applied to one, not a regular surgeon, who makes an occupation of setting bones. -- Bone"set*ting, n.

Bone"shaw (&?;), n. (Med.) Sciatica. [Obs.]

Bo*net"ta (&?;), n. See Bonito. Sir T. Herbert.

Bon"fire` (&?;), n. [OE. bonefire, banefire, orig. a fire of bones; bone + fire; but cf. also Prov. E. bun a dry stalk.] A large fire built in the open air, as an expression of public joy and exultation, or for amusement.

Full soon by bonfire and by bell, We learnt our liege was passing well. Gay.

Bon"grace` (&?;), n. [F. bon good + grâce grace, charm.] A projecting bonnet or shade to protect the complexion; also, a wide-brimmed hat. [Obs.]

||Bon`ho*mie", ||Bon`hom*mie" (&?;), n. [F.] good nature; pleasant and easy manner.

Bon"i*bell (&?;), n. See Bonnibel. [Obs.] Spenser.

Bon"i*face (&?;), n. [From the sleek, jolly landlord in Farquhar's comedy of "The Beaux' Stratagem."] An innkeeper.

Bon"i*form (&?;), a. [L. bonus good + -form.] Sensitive or responsive to moral excellence. Dr. H. More.

Bon"i*fy (&?;), v. t. [L. bonus good + -fy: cf. F. bonifier.] To convert into, or make, good.

To bonify evils, or tincture them with good. Cudworth.

Bon"i*ness (&?;), n. The condition or quality of being bony.

Bon"ing, n. [Senses 1 and 2 fr. 1st Bone, sense 3 fr. 3d Bone.] 1. The clearing of bones from fish or meat.

2. The manuring of land with bones.

3. A method of leveling a line or surface by sighting along the tops of two or more straight edges, or a range of properly spaced poles. See 3d Bone, v. t.

Bon"i*ta*ry (&?;), a. Beneficial, as opposed to statutory or civil; as, bonitary dominion of land.

Bo*ni"to (&?;), n.; pl. Bonitoes (&?;). [Sp. & Pg. bonito, fr. Ar. baint and bainth.] [Often incorrectly written bonita.] (Zoöl.) 1. A large tropical fish (Orcynus pelamys) allied to the tunny. It is about three feet long, blue above, with four brown stripes on the sides. It is sometimes found on the American coast.

2. The skipjack (Sarda Mediterranea) of the Atlantic, an important and abundant food fish on the coast of the United States, and (S. Chilensis) of the Pacific, and other related species. They are large and active fishes, of a blue color with black oblique stripes.

3. The medregal (Seriola fasciata), an edible fish of the southern of the United States and the West Indies.

4. The cobia or crab eater (Elacate canada), an edible fish of the Middle and Southern United States.

||Bon"mot` (&?;), n.; pl. Bonsmots (&?;). [ F. bon good + mot word.] A witty repartee; a jest.

||Bonne (bn), n. (F., prop. good woman.) A female servant charged with the care of a young child.

||Bonne" bouche" (&?;); pl. Bonnes bouches (&?;). [F. bon, fem. bonne, good + bouche mouth.] A delicious morsel or mouthful; a tidbit.

Bon"net (bn"nt), n. [OE. bonet, OF. bonet, bonete. F. bonnet fr. LL. bonneta, bonetum; orig. the name of a stuff, and of unknown origin.] 1. A headdress for men and boys; a cap. [Obs.] Milton. Shak.

2. A soft, elastic, very durable cap, made of thick, seamless woolen stuff, and worn by men in Scotland.

And p&?;i&?;s and bonnets waving high. Sir W. Scott.

3. A covering for the head, worn by women, usually protecting more or less the back and sides of the head, but no part of the forehead. The shape of the bonnet varies greatly at different times; formerly the front part projected, and spread outward, like the mouth of a funnel.

4. Anything resembling a bonnet in shape or use; as, (a) (Fort.) A small defense work at a salient angle; or a part of a parapet elevated to screen the other part from enfilade fire. (b) A metallic canopy, or projection, over an opening, as a fireplace, or a cowl or hood to increase the draught of a chimney, etc. (c) A frame of wire netting over a locomotive chimney, to prevent escape of sparks. (d) A roofing over the cage of a mine, to protect its occupants from objects falling down the shaft. (e) In pumps, a metal covering for the openings in the valve chambers.

5. (Naut.) An additional piece of canvas laced to the foot of a jib or foresail in moderate winds. Hakluyt.

6. The second stomach of a ruminating animal.

7. An accomplice of a gambler, auctioneer, etc., who entices others to bet or to bid; a decoy. [Cant]

Bonnet head (Zoöl.), a shark (Sphyrna tiburio) of the southern United States and West Indies. -- Bonnet limpet (Zoöl.), a name given, from their shape, to various species of shells (family Calyptræidæ). -- Bonnet monkey (Zoöl.), an East Indian monkey (Macacus sinicus), with a tuft of hair on its head; the munga. -- Bonnet piece, a gold coin of the time of James V. of Scotland, the king's head on which wears a bonnet. Sir W. Scott. -- To have a bee in the bonnet. See under Bee. -- Black bonnet. See under Black. -- Blue bonnet. See in the Vocabulary.

Bon"net, v. i. To take off the bonnet or cap as a mark of respect; to uncover. [Obs.] Shak.

Bon"net*ed, a. 1. Wearing a bonnet. "Bonneted and shawled." Howitt.

2. (Fort.) Protected by a bonnet. See Bonnet, 4 (a).

Bon"net*less, a. Without a bonnet.

Bon"ni*bel (&?;), n. [F. bonne et belle, good and beautiful. Cf. Bellibone.] A handsome girl. [Obs.]

Bon"nie (&?;), a. [Scot.] See Bonny, a.

Bon"ni*lass` (&?;), n. [Bonny + lass.] A "bonny lass"; a beautiful girl. [Obs.] Spenser.

Bon"ni*ly, adv. Gayly; handsomely.

Bon"ni*ness, n. The quality of being bonny; gayety; handsomeness. [R.]

Bon"ny (&?;), a. [Spelled bonnie by the Scotch.] [OE. boni, prob. fr. F. bon, fem. bonne, good, fr. L. bonus good. See Bounty, and cf. Bonus, Boon.] 1. Handsome; beautiful; pretty; attractively lively and graceful.

Till bonny Susan sped across the plain. Gay.

Far from the bonnie banks of Ayr. Burns.

2. Gay; merry; frolicsome; cheerful; blithe.

Be you blithe and bonny. Shak.

Report speaks you a bonny monk, that would hear the mati&?;chime ere he quitted his bowl. Sir W. Scott.

Bon"ny, n. (Mining) A round and compact bed of ore, or a distinct bed, not communicating with a vein.

Bon"ny*clab`ber (&?;), n. [Ir. bainne, baine, milk + clabar mud, mire.] Coagulated sour milk; loppered milk; curdled milk; -- sometimes called simply clabber. B. Jonson.

||Bon" Si`lène" (&?;). [F.] (Bot.) A very fragrant tea rose with petals of various shades of pink.

Bon"spiel (&?;), n. [Scot.; of uncertain origin.] A cur&?;ing match between clubs. [Scot.]

||Bon"te*bok (&?;), n. [D. bont a sort of skin or fur, prop. variegated + bok buck.] (Zoöl.) The pied antelope of South Africa (Alcelaphus pygarga). Its face and rump are white. Called also nunni.

||Bon" ton" (&?;). [F., good tone, manner.] The height of the fashion; fashionable society.

Bo"nus (&?;), n.; pl. Bonuses (&?;). [L. bonus good. Cf. Bonny.] 1. (Law) A premium given for a loan, or for a charter or other privilege granted to a company; as the bank paid a bonus for its charter. Bouvier.

2. An extra dividend to the shareholders of a joint stock company, out of accumulated profits.

3. Money paid in addition to a stated compensation.

||Bon" vi`vant" (&?;); pl. Bons vivants (&?;). [F. bon good + vivant, p. pr. of vivre to live.] A good fellow; a jovial companion; a free liver.

Bon"y (&?;), a. 1. Consisting of bone, or of bones; full of bones; pertaining to bones.

2. Having large or prominent bones.

Bony fish (Zoöl.), the menhaden. -- Bony pike (Zoöl.), the gar pike (Lepidosteus).

Bon"ze (bn"z; 277), n. [Pg. bonzo, fr. Japan. bzu a Buddhist priest: cf. F. bonze.] A Buddhist or Fohist priest, monk, or nun.

The name was given by the Portuguese to the priests of Japan, and has since been applied to the priests of China, Cochin China, and the neighboring countries.

Boo"by (b"b), n.; pl. Boobies (-bz). [Sp. bobo dunce, idiot; cf. L. balbus stammering, E. barbarous.]

1. A dunce; a stupid fellow.

2. (Zoöl.) (a) A swimming bird (Sula fiber or S. sula) related to the common gannet, and found in the West Indies, nesting on the bare rocks. It is so called on account of its apparent stupidity. The name is also sometimes applied to other species of gannets; as, S. piscator, the red-footed booby. (b) A species of penguin of the antarctic seas.

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Booby hatch (Naut.), a kind of wooden hood over a hatch, readily removable. -- Booby hut, a carriage body put upon sleigh runners. [Local, U. S.] Bartlett. -- Booby hutch, a clumsy covered carriage or seat, used in the eastern part of England. Forby. -- Booby trap, a schoolboy's practical joke, as a shower bath when a door is opened.

Boo"by (b"b), a. Having the characteristics of a booby; stupid.

Boo"by*ish, a. Stupid; dull.

Boodh (&?;), n. Same as Buddha. Malcom.

Boodh"ism (&?;), n. Same as Buddhism.

Boodh"ist, n. Same as Buddhist.

Boo"dle (&?;), n. [Origin uncertain.] 1. The whole collection or lot; caboodle. [Low, U. S.] Bartlett.

2. Money given in payment for votes or political influence; bribe money; swag. [Polit. slang, U. S.]

Boo`hoe" (&?;), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Boohooed (&?;); p. pr. & vb. n. Boohooing.] [An imitative word.] To bawl; to cry loudly. [Low] Bartlett.

Boo"hoo` (&?;), n. (Zoöl.) The sailfish; -- called also woohoo.

Book (bk), n. [OE. book, bok, AS. bc; akin to Goth. bka a letter, in pl. book, writing, Icel. bk, Sw. bok, Dan. bog, OS. bk, D. boek, OHG. puoh, G. buch; and fr. AS. bc, bce, beech; because the ancient Saxons and Germans in general wrote runes on pieces of beechen board. Cf. Beech.] 1. A collection of sheets of paper, or similar material, blank, written, or printed, bound together; commonly, many folded and bound sheets containing continuous printing or writing.

When blank, it is called a blank book. When printed, the term often distinguishes a bound volume, or a volume of some size, from a pamphlet.

It has been held that, under the copyright law, a book is not necessarily a volume made of many sheets bound together; it may be printed on a single sheet, as music or a diagram of patterns. Abbott.

2. A composition, written or printed; a treatise.

A good book is the precious life blood of a master spirit, embalmed and treasured up on purpose to a life beyond life. Milton.

3. A part or subdivision of a treatise or literary work; as, the tenth book of "Paradise Lost."

4. A volume or collection of sheets in which accounts are kept; a register of debts and credits, receipts and expenditures, etc.

5. Six tricks taken by one side, in the game of whist; in certain other games, two or more corresponding cards, forming a set.

Book is used adjectively or as a part of many compounds; as, book buyer, bookrack, book club, book lore, book sale, book trade, memorandum book, cashbook.

Book account, an account or register of debt or credit in a book. -- Book debt, a debt for items charged to the debtor by the creditor in his book of accounts. -- Book learning, learning acquired from books, as distinguished from practical knowledge. "Neither does it so much require book learning and scholarship, as good natural sense, to distinguish true and false." Burnet. -- Book louse (Zoöl.), one of several species of minute, wingless insects injurious to books and papers. They belong to the Pseudoneuroptera. -- Book moth (Zoöl.), the name of several species of moths, the larvæ of which eat books. -- Book oath, an oath made on The Book, or Bible. -- The Book of Books, the Bible. -- Book post, a system under which books, bulky manuscripts, etc., may be transmitted by mail. -- Book scorpion (Zoöl.), one of the false scorpions (Chelifer cancroides) found among books and papers. It can run sidewise and backward, and feeds on small insects. -- Book stall, a stand or stall, often in the open air, for retailing books. -- Canonical books. See Canonical. -- In one's books, in one's favor. "I was so much in his books, that at his decease he left me his lamp." Addison. -- To bring to book. (a) To compel to give an account. (b) To compare with an admitted authority. "To bring it manifestly to book is impossible." M. Arnold. -- To curse by bell, book, and candle. See under Bell. -- To make a book (Horse Racing), to lay bets (recorded in a pocket book) against the success of every horse, so that the bookmaker wins on all the unsuccessful horses and loses only on the winning horse or horses. -- To speak by the book, to speak with minute exactness. -- Without book. (a) By memory. (b) Without authority.

Book, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Booked (&?;); p. pr. & vb. n. Booking.] 1. To enter, write, or register in a book or list.

Let it be booked with the rest of this day's deeds. Shak.

2. To enter the name of (any one) in a book for the purpose of securing a passage, conveyance, or seat; as, to be booked for Southampton; to book a seat in a theater.

3. To mark out for; to destine or assign for; as, he is booked for the valedictory. [Colloq.]

Here I am booked for three days more in Paris. Charles Reade.

Book"bind`er (&?;), n. One whose occupation is to bind books.

Book"bind`er*y (&?;), n. A bookbinder's shop; a place or establishment for binding books.

Book"bind`ing, n. The art, process, or business of binding books.

Book"case` (&?;), n. A case with shelves for holding books, esp. one with glazed doors.

Book"craft` (&?;), n. Authorship; literary skill.

Booked (&?;), a. 1. Registered.

2. On the way; destined. [Colloq.]

Book"er (&?;), n. One who enters accounts or names, etc., in a book; a bookkeeper.

Book"ful (&?;), n. As much as will fill a book; a book full. Shak. -- a. Filled with book learning. [R.] "The bookful blockhead." Pope.

Book"hold`er (&?;), n. 1. A prompter at a theater. [Obs.] Beau. & Fl.

2. A support for a book, holding it open, while one reads or copies from it.

Book"ing clerk` (&?;). A clerk who registers passengers, baggage, etc., for conveyance, as by railway or steamship, or who sells passage tickets at a booking office.

Book"ing of`fice (&?;). 1. An office where passengers, baggage, etc., are registered for conveyance, as by railway or steamship.

2. An office where passage tickets are sold. [Eng.]

Book"ish, a. 1. Given to reading; fond of study; better acquainted with books than with men; learned from books. "A bookish man." Addison. "Bookish skill." Bp. Hall.

2. Characterized by a method of expression generally found in books; formal; labored; pedantic; as, a bookish way of talking; bookish sentences.

-- Book"ish*ly, adv. -- Book"ish*ness, n.

Book"keep`er (&?;), n. One who keeps accounts; one who has the charge of keeping the books and accounts in an office.

Book"keep`ing, n. The art of recording pecuniary or business transactions in a regular and systematic manner, so as to show their relation to each other, and the state of the business in which they occur; the art of keeping accounts. The books commonly used are a daybook, cashbook, journal, and ledger. See Daybook, Cashbook, Journal, and Ledger.

Bookkeeping by single entry, the method of keeping books by carrying the record of each transaction to the debit or credit of a single account. -- Bookkeeping by double entry, a mode of bookkeeping in which two entries of every transaction are carried to the ledger, one to the Dr., or left hand, side of one account, and the other to the Cr., or right hand, side of a corresponding account, in order tha&?; the one entry may check the other; -- sometimes called, from the place of its origin, the Italian method.

{ Book"land` (&?;), Bock"land` } (&?;), n. [AS. b&?;cland; b&?;c book + land land.] (O. Eng. Law) Charter land held by deed under certain rents and free services, which differed in nothing from free socage lands. This species of tenure has given rise to the modern freeholds.

Book"-learned` (&?;), a. Versed in books; having knowledge derived from books. [Often in a disparaging sense.]

Whate'er these book-learned blockheads say, Solon's the veriest fool in all the play. Dryden.

Book"less, a. Without books; unlearned. Shenstone.

Book"let (&?;), n. A little book. T. Arnold.

Book"mak`er (&?;), n. 1. One who writes and publishes books; especially, one who gathers his materials from other books; a compiler.

2. (Horse Racing) A betting man who "makes a book." See To make a book, under Book, n.

Book"man (&?;), n.; pl. Bookmen (&?;). A studious man; a scholar. Shak.

Book"mark` (&?;), n. Something placed in a book to guide in finding a particular page or passage; also, a label in a book to designate the owner; a bookplate.

Book"mate` (&?;), n. [Book + mate.] A schoolfellow; an associate in study.

Book"mon`ger (&?;), n. A dealer in books.

Book" mus`lin (&?;). 1. A kind of muslin used for the covers of books.

2. A kind of thin white muslin for ladies' dresses.

Book"plate` (&?;), n. A label, placed upon or in a book, showing its ownership or its position in a library.

Book"sell`er (&?;), n. One who sells books.