Chapter 95

Ar"ris (#) , n. [OF. areste , F. ar\'88te , fr. L. arista the top or beard of an ear of grain, the bone of a fish.] (Arch.) The sharp edge or salient angle formed by two surfaces meeting each other, whether plane or curved; -- applied particularly to the edges in moldings, and to the raised edges which separate the flutings in a Doric column.

P. Cyc.

Arris fillet , a triangular piece of wood used to raise the slates of a roof against a chimney or wall, to throw off the rain. Gwilt . -- Arris gutter , a gutter of a V form fixed to the eaves of a building. Gwilt .

Arrish <Xpage=84>

Ar"rish (#) , n. [See Eddish .] The stubble of wheat or grass; a stubble field; eddish. [Eng.] [Written also arish , ersh , etc.]

The moment we entered the stubble or arrish . Blackw. Mag.

Arriswise <Xpage=84>

Ar"ris*wise` (#) , adv. Diagonally laid, as tiles; ridgewise.

Arrival <Xpage=84>

Ar*riv"al (#) , n. [From Arrive .] 1. The act of arriving, or coming; the act of reaching a place from a distance, whether by water (as in its original sense) or by land.

Our watchmen from the towers, with longing eyes, Expect his swift arrival . Dryden.

2. The attainment or reaching of any object, by effort, or in natural course; as, our arrival at this conclusion was wholly unexpected .

3. The person or thing arriving or which has arrived; as, news brought by the last arrival .

Another arrival still more important was speedily announced. Macaulay.

4. An approach. [Obs.]

The house has a corner arrival . H. Walpole.

Arrivance <Xpage=84>

Ar*riv"ance (#) , n. Arrival. [Obs.]

Shak.

Arrive <Xpage=84>

Ar*rive" (#) , v. i. [ imp. & p. p. Arrived (#) ; p. pr. & vb. n. Arriving .] [OE. ariven to arrive, land, OF. ariver , F. arriver , fr. LL. arripare , adripare , to come to shore; L. ad + ripa the shore or sloping bank of a river. Cf. Riparian .] 1. To come to the shore or bank. In present usage: To come in progress by water, or by traveling on land; to reach by water or by land; -- followed by at (formerly sometimes by to ), also by in and from . " Arrived in Padua."

Shak.

[\'92neas] sailing with a fleet from Sicily, arrived . . . and landed in the country of Laurentum. Holland.

There was no outbreak till the regiment arrived at Ipswich. Macaulay.

2. To reach a point by progressive motion; to gain or compass an object by effort, practice, study, inquiry, reasoning, or experiment.

To arrive at , or attain to.

When he arrived at manhood. Rogers.

We arrive at knowledge of a law of nature by the generalization of facts. McCosh.

If at great things thou wouldst arrive . Milton.

3. To come; said of time; as, the time arrived .

4. To happen or occur. [Archaic]

Happy! to whom this glorious death arrives . Waller.

Arrive <Xpage=84>

Ar*rive" , v. t. 1. To bring to shore. [Obs.]

And made the sea-trod ship arrive them. Chapman.

2. To reach; to come to. [Archaic]

Ere he arrive the happy isle. Milton.

Ere we could arrive the point proposed. Shak.

Arrive at last the blessed goal. Tennyson.

Arrive <Xpage=84>

Ar*rive" , n. Arrival. [Obs.]

Chaucer.

How should I joy of thy arrive to hear! Drayton.

Arriver <Xpage=84>

Ar*riv"er (#) , n. One who arrives.

Arroba <Xpage=84>

Ar*ro"ba (#) , n. [Sp. and Pg., from Ar. arrub , ar - rubu , a fourth part.] 1. A Spanish weight used in Mexico and South America = 25.36 lbs. avoir.; also, an old Portuguese weight, used in Brazil = 32.38 lbs. avoir.

2. A Spanish liquid measure for wine = 3.54 imp. gallons, and for oil = 2.78 imp. gallons.

Arrogance <Xpage=84>

Ar"ro*gance (#) , n. [F., fr. L. arrogantia , fr. arrogans . See Arrogant .] The act or habit of arrogating, or making undue claims in an overbearing manner; that species of pride which consists in exorbitant claims of rank, dignity, estimation, or power, or which exalts the worth or importance of the person to an undue degree; proud contempt of others; lordliness; haughtiness; self-assumption; presumption.

I hate not you for her proud arrogance . Shak.

Syn. -- Haughtiness; hauteur; assumption; lordliness; presumption; pride; disdain; insolence; conceit; conceitedness. See Haughtiness .

Arrogancy <Xpage=84>

Ar"ro*gan*cy (#) , n. Arrogance.

Shak.

Arrogant <Xpage=84>

Ar"ro*gant (#) , a. [F. arrogant , L. arrogans , p. pr. of arrogare . See Arrogate .] 1. Making, or having the disposition to make, exorbitant claims of rank or estimation; giving one's self an undue degree of importance; assuming; haughty; -- applied to persons.

Arrogant Winchester, that haughty prelate. Shak.

2. Containing arrogance; marked with arrogance; proceeding from undue claims or self-importance; -- applied to things; as, arrogant pretensions or behavior .

Syn. -- Magisterial; lordly; proud; assuming; overbearing; presumptuous; haughty. See Magisterial .

Arrogantly <Xpage=84>

Ar"ro*gant*ly , adv. In an arrogant manner; with undue pride or self-importance.

Arrogantness <Xpage=84>

Ar"ro*gant*ness , n. Arrogance. [R.]

Arrogate <Xpage=84>

Ar"ro*gate (#) , v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Arrogated (#) ; p. pr. & vb. n. Arrogating (#) .] [L. arrogatus , p. p. of adrogare , arrogare , to ask, appropriate to one's self; ad + rogare to ask. See Rogation .] To assume, or claim as one's own, unduly, proudly, or presumptuously; to make undue claims to, from vanity or baseless pretensions to right or merit; as, the pope arrogated dominion over kings .

He arrogated to himself the right of deciding dogmatically what was orthodox doctrine. Macaulay.

Arrogation <Xpage=84>

Ar`ro*ga"tion (#) , n. [L. arrogatio , fr. arrogare . Cf. Adrogation .] 1. The act of arrogating, or making exorbitant claims; the act of taking more than one is justly entitled to.

Hall.

2. (Civ. Law) Adoption of a person of full age.

Arrogative <Xpage=84>

Ar"ro*ga*tive (#) , a. Making undue claims and pretension; prone to arrogance. [R.]

Dr. H. More.

Arrondissement <Xpage=84>

Ar`ron`disse`ment" (#) , n. [F., fr. arrondir to make round; ad + rond round, L. rotundus .] A subdivision of a department. [France]

&hand; The territory of France, since the revolution, has been divided into departments , those into arrondissements , those into cantons , and the latter into communes .

Arrose <Xpage=84>

Ar*rose" (#) , v. t. [F. arroser .] To drench; to besprinkle; to moisten. [Obs.]

The blissful dew of heaven does arrose you. Two N. Kins.

Arrosion <Xpage=84>

Ar*ro"sion (#) , n. [L. arrodere , arrosum , to gnaw: cf. F. arrosion .] A gnawing. [Obs.]

Bailey.

Arrow <Xpage=84>

Ar"row (#) , n. [OE. arewe , AS. arewe , earh ; akin to Icel. \'94r , \'94rvar , Goth. arhwazna , and perh. L. arcus bow. Cf. Arc .] A missile weapon of offense, slender, pointed, and usually feathered and barbed, to be shot from a bow.

Broad arrow . (a) An arrow with a broad head. (b) A mark placed upon British ordnance and government stores, which bears a rude resemblance to a broad arrowhead.

Arrow grass <Xpage=84>

Ar"row grass` (#) , n. (Bot.) An herbaceous grasslike plant (Triglochin palustre, and other species) with pods opening so as to suggest barbed arrowheads.

Arrowhead <Xpage=84>

Ar"row*head` (#) , n. 1. The head of an arrow.

2. (Bot.) An aquatic plant of the genus Sagittaria , esp. S. sagittifolia , -- named from the shape of the leaves.

Arrowheaded <Xpage=84>

Ar"row*head`ed , a. Shaped like the head of an arow; cuneiform.

Arrowheaded characters , characters the elements of which consist of strokes resembling arrowheads, nailheads, or wedges; -- hence called also nail-headed , wedge-formed , cuneiform , or cuneatic characters; the oldest written characters used in the country about the Tigris and Euphrates, and subsequently in Persia, and abounding among the ruins of Persepolis, Nineveh, and Babylon. See Cuneiform .

Arrowroot <Xpage=84>

Ar"row*root` (#) , n. 1. (Bot.) A west Indian plant of the genus Maranta , esp. M. arundinacea , now cultivated in many hot countries. It said that the Indians used the roots to neutralize the venom in wounds made by poisoned arrows.

2. A nutritive starch obtained from the rootstocks of Maranta arundinacea , and used as food, esp. for children an invalids; also, a similar starch obtained from other plants, as various species of Maranta and Curcuma .

Arrowwood <Xpage=84>

Ar"row*wood` (#) , n. A shrub (Viburnum dentatum) growing in damp woods and thickets; -- so called from the long, straight, slender shoots.

Arrowworm <Xpage=84>

Ar"row*worm` , n. (Zo\'94l.) A peculiar transparent worm of the genus Sagitta , living at the surface of the sea. See Sagitta .

Arrowy <Xpage=84>

Ar"row*y (#) , a. 1. Consisting of arrows.

How quick they wheeled, and flying, behind them shot Sharp sleet of arrowy showers. Milton.

2. Formed or moving like, or in any respect resembling, an arrow; swift; darting; piercing. "His arrowy tongue."

Cowper.

By the blue rushing of the arrowy Rhone. Byron.

With arrowy vitalities, vivacities, and ingenuities. Carlyle.

Arroyo <Xpage=84>

Ar*roy"o (#) , n. ; pl Arroyos (#) . [Sp., fr. LL. arrogium ; cf. Gr. <?/ river, stream, fr. <?/ to flow.] 1. A water course; a rivulet.

2. The dry bed of a small stream. [Western U. S.]

Arschin <Xpage=84>

Ar"schin (#) , n. See Arshine .

Arse <Xpage=84>

Arse , n. [AS. ears ; \'91rs ; akin to OHG. ars . G. arsch , D. aars , Sw. ars , Dan. arts , Gr. <?/ (cf. <?/ tail).] The buttocks, or hind part of an animal; the posteriors; the fundament; the bottom.

Arsenal <Xpage=84>

Ar"se*nal , n. [Sp. & F. arsenal arsenal, dockyard, or It. arzanale , arsenale (cf. It. & darsena dock); all fr. Ar. d\'ber<?/in\'be'a house of industry or fabrication; d\'ber house + <?/in\'be art, industry.] A public establishment for the storage, or for the manufacture and storage, of arms and all military equipments, whether for land or naval service.

Arsenate <Xpage=84>

Ar"se*nate (#) , n. (Chem.) A salt of arsenic acid.

Arseniate <Xpage=84>

Ar*se"ni*ate , n. See Arsenate . [R.]

Arsenic <Xpage=84>

Ar"se*nic (?; 277) , n. [L. arsenicum , Gr. <?/, <?/, yellow orpiment, perh. fr. <?/ or better Attic <?/ masculine, <?/ male, on account of its strength, or fr. Per. zern\'c6kh : cf. F. arsenic .] 1. (Chem.) One of the elements, a solid substance resembling a metal in its physical properties, but in its chemical relations ranking with the nonmetals. It is of a steel-gray color and brilliant luster, though usually dull from tarnish. It is very brittle, and sublimes at 356&deg; Fahrenheit. It is sometimes found native, but usually combined with silver, cobalt, nickel, iron, antimony, or sulphur. Orpiment and realgar are two of its sulphur compounds, the first of which is the true arsenticum of the ancients. The element and its compounds are active poisons. Specific gravity from 5.7 to 5.9. Atomic weight. Symbol As.

2. (Com.) Arsenious oxide or arsenious anhydride; -- called also arsenious acid , white arsenic , and ratsbane .

Arsenic <Xpage=84>

Ar*sen"ic , a. (Chem.) Pertaining to, or derived from, arsenic; -- said of those compounds of arsenic in which this element has its highest equivalence; as, arsenic acid .

Arsenical <Xpage=84>

Ar*sen"ic*al , a. Of or pertaining to, or containing, arsenic; as, arsenical vapor; arsenical wall papers.

Arsenical silver , an ore of silver containing arsenic.

Arsenicate <Xpage=84>

Ar*sen"i*cate , v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Arsenicated ; p. pr. & vb. n. Arsenicating .] To combine with arsenic; to treat or impregnate with arsenic.

Arsenicism <Xpage=84>

Ar*sen"i*cism , n. (Med.) A diseased condition produced by slow poisoning with arsenic.

Arsenide <Xpage=84>

Ar"sen*ide (#) , n. (Chem.) A compound of arsenic with a metal, or positive element or radical; -- formerly called arseniuret .

Arseniferous <Xpage=84>

Ar`sen*if"er*ous (#) , a. [ Arsenic + -ferous .] Containing or producing arsenic.

Arsenious <Xpage=84>

Ar*se"ni*ous (#) , a. [Cf. F. ars\'82nieux .] 1. Pertaining to, consisting of, or containing, arsenic; as, arsenious powder or glass .

2. (Chem.) Pertaining to, or derived from, arsenic, when having an equivalence next lower than the highest; as, arsenious acid .

Arsenite <Xpage=84>

Ar"sen*ite (#) , n. [Cf. F. ars\'82nite .] (Chem.) A salt formed by the union of arsenious acid with a base.

Arseniuret <Xpage=84>

Ar`se*ni"u*ret (#) , n. (Chem.) See Arsenide .

Arseniureted <Xpage=84>

Ar`se*ni"u*ret`ed , a. (Chem.) Combined with arsenic; -- said some elementary substances or radicals; as, arseniureted hydrogen . [Also spelt arseniuretted .]

Arsenopyrite <Xpage=84>

Ar`sen*o*pyr"ite (#) , n. [ Arsenic + pyrite .] (Min.) A mineral of a tin-white color and metallic luster, containing arsenic, sulphur, and iron; -- also called arsenical pyrites and mispickel .

Arsesmart <Xpage=84>

Arse"smart (#) , n. Smartweed; water pepper.

Dr. Prior.

Arshine <Xpage=84>

Ar"shine (#) , n. [Russ. arshin , of Turkish-Tartar origin; Turk. arshin , arsh\'d4n , ell, yard.] A Russian measure of length = 2 ft. 4.246 inches.

Arsine <Xpage=84>

Ar"sine (#) , n. [From Arsenic .] (Chem.) A compound of arsenic and hydrogen, AsH3 , a colorless and exceedingly poisonous gas, having and odor like garlic; arseniureted hydrogen.

Arsis <Xpage=84>

Ar"sis (#) , n. [L. arsis , Gr. <?/ a raising or lifting, an elevation of the voice, fr. <?/ to raise or apprehension; originally and properly it denotes the lifting of the hand in beating time, and hence the unaccented part of the rhythm.] 1. (Pros.) (a) That part of a foot where the ictus is put, or which is distinguished from the rest (known as the thesis ) of the foot by a greater stress of voice. Hermann . (b) That elevation of voice now called metrical accentuation , or the rhythmic accent.

&hand; It is uncertain whether the arsis originally consisted in a higher musical tone, greater volume, or longer duration of sound, or in all combined.

2. (Mus.) The elevation of the hand, or that part of the bar at which it is raised, in beating time; the weak or unaccented part of the bar; -- opposed to thesis .

Moore.

Arsmetrike <Xpage=84>

Ars`met"rike (#) , n. [An erroneous form of arithmetic , as if from L. ars metrica the measuring art.] Arithmetic. [Obs.]

Chaucer.

Arson <Xpage=84>

Ar"son (?; 277) , n. [OF. arson , arsun , fr. L. ardere , arsum , to burn.] (Law) The malicious burning of a dwelling house or outhouse of another man, which by the common law is felony; the malicious and voluntary firing of a building or ship.

Wharton.

&hand; The definition of this crime is varied by statues in different countries and states. The English law of arson has been considerably modified in the United States; in some of the States it has been materially enlarged, while in others, various degrees of arson have been established, with corresponding punishment.

Burrill.

Art <Xpage=84>

Art (#) . The second person singular, indicative mode, present tense, of the substantive verb Be ; but formed after the analogy of the plural are , with the ending - t , as in thou shal t , wil t , orig. an ending of the second person sing. pret. Cf. Be . Now used only in solemn or poetical style.

<-- p. 85 -->

Art <Xpage=85>

Art (#) , n. [F. art , L. ars , artis , orig., skill in joining or fitting; prob. akin to E. arm , aristocrat , article .] 1. The employment of means to accomplish some desired end; the adaptation of things in the natural world to the uses of life; the application of knowledge or power to practical purposes.

Blest with each grace of nature and of art . Pope.

2. A system of rules serving to facilitate the performance of certain actions; a system of principles and rules for attaining a desired end; method of doing well some special work; -- often contradistinguished from science or speculative principles; as, the art of building or engraving; the art of war; the art of navigation.

Science is systematized knowledge . . . Art is knowledge made efficient by skill. J. F. Genung.

3. The systematic application of knowledge or skill in effecting a desired result. Also, an occupation or business requiring such knowledge or skill.

The fishermen can't employ their art with so much success in so troubled a sea. Addison.

4. The application of skill to the production of the beautiful by imitation or design, or an occupation in which skill is so employed, as in painting and sculpture; one of the fine arts; as, he prefers art to literature .

5. pl. Those branches of learning which are taught in the academical course of colleges; as, master of arts .

In fearless youth we tempt the heights of arts . Pope.

Four years spent in the arts (as they are called in colleges) is, perhaps, laying too laborious a foundation. Goldsmith.

6. Learning; study; applied knowledge, science, or letters. [Archaic]

So vast is art , so narrow human wit. Pope.