Chapter 931

&hand; It is usually contrasted with crisis , in which the improvement is sudden and marked; as, pneumonia ends by crisis , typhoid fever by lysis .

Lyssa <Xpage=878>

Lys"sa (?) , n. [NL. See Lytta .] (Med.) Hydrophobia.

&hand; The plural ( Lyss\'91 ) has been used to signify the pustules supposed to be developed under the tongue in hydrophobia.

Lyterian <Xpage=878>

Ly*te"ri*an (?) , a. [Gr. <?/ healing, fr. <?/ a deliverer, fr. <?/ to loosen.] (Med.) Termination a disease; indicating the end of a disease.

Lythe <Xpage=878>

Lythe (?) , n. (Zo\'94l.) The European pollack; -- called also laith , and leet . [Scot.]

Lythe <Xpage=878>

Lythe (?) , a. [See Lithe , a. ] Soft; flexible. [Obs.]

Spenser.

Lythonthriptic, Lythontriptic <Xpage=878>

Lyth`on*thrip"tic (?) , Lyth`on*trip"*tic (?) , a. (Med.) See Lithontriptic .

Lytta <Xpage=878>

Lyt"ta (?) , n. ; pl. Lytt\'91 (#) . [L., a worm said to grow under the tongue of dogs, and to cause canine madness, fr. Gr. <?/, <?/, lit., madness.] (Anat.) A fibrous and muscular band lying within the longitudinal axis of the tongue in many mammals, as the dog.

<page="879"> Page 879

Maccaboy, Maccoboy <Xpage=879>

Mac"ca*boy (?) , Mac"co*boy (?) , n. [From a district in the Island of Martinique where it is made: cf. F. macouba .] A kind of snuff.

Macco <Xpage=879>

Mac"co (?) , n. A gambling game in vogue in the eighteenth century.

Thackeray.

Mace <Xpage=879>

Mace (?) , n. [Jav. & Malay. m\'bes , fr. Skr. m\'besha a bean.] A money of account in China equal to one tenth of a tael; also, a weight of 57.98 grains.

S. W. Williams.

Mace <Xpage=879>

Mace (?) , n. [F. macis , L. macis , macir , Gr. <?/; cf. Skr. makar anda the nectar or honey of a flower, a fragrant mango.] (Bot.) A kind of spice; the aril which partly covers nutmegs. See Nutmeg .

&hand; Red mace is the aril of Myristica tingens , and white mace that of M. Otoba , -- East Indian trees of the same genus with the nutmeg tree.

Mace <Xpage=879>

Mace , n. [OF. mace , F. masse , from (assumed) L. matea , of which the dim. mateola a kind of mallet or beetle, is found.] 1. A heavy staff or club of metal; a spiked club; -- used as weapon in war before the general use of firearms, especially in the Middle Ages, for breaking metal armor.

Chaucer.

Death with his mace petrific . . . smote. Milton.

2. Hence: A staff borne by, or carried before, a magistrate as an ensign of his authority. "Swayed the royal mace ."

Wordsworth.

3. An officer who carries a mace as an emblem of authority.

Macaulay.

4. A knobbed mallet used by curriers in dressing leather to make it supple.

5. (Billiards) A rod for playing billiards, having one end suited to resting on the table and pushed with one hand.

Mace bearer , an officer who carries a mace before person in authority.

Macedonian <Xpage=879>

Mac`e*do"ni*an (?) , a. [L. Macedonius , Gr. <?/.] (Geog.) Belonging, or relating, to Macedonia. -- n. A native or inhabitant of Macedonia.

Macedonian <Xpage=879>

Mac`e*do"ni*an , n. (Eccl. Hist.) One of a certain religious sect, followers of Macedonius , Bishop of Constantinople, in the fourth century, who held that the Holy Ghost was a creature, like the angels, and a servant of the Father and the Son.

Macedonianism <Xpage=879>

Mac`e*do"ni*an*ism (?) , n. The doctrines of Macedonius.

Macer <Xpage=879>

Ma"cer (?) , n. [F. massier . See Mace staff.] A mace bearer; an officer of a court.

P. Plowman.

Macerate <Xpage=879>

Mac"er*ate (?) , v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Macerated (?) ; p. pr. & vb. n. Macerating .] [L. maceratus , p. p. of macerare to make soft, weaken, enervate; cf. Gr. <?/ to knead.] 1. To make lean; to cause to waste away. [Obs. or R.]

Harvey.

2. To subdue the appetites of by poor and scanty diet; to mortify.

Baker.

3. To soften by steeping in a liquid, with or without heat; to wear away or separate the parts of by steeping; as, to macerate animal or vegetable fiber .

Macerater <Xpage=879>

Mac"er*a`ter (?) , n. One who, or that which, macerates; an apparatus for converting paper or fibrous matter into pulp.

Maceration <Xpage=879>

Mac`er*a"tion (?) , n. [L. maceratio : cf. F. mac\'82ration .] The act or process of macerating.

Mach\'91rodus, Machairodus <Xpage=879>

Ma*ch\'91"ro*dus (?) , Ma*chai"ro*dus (?) , n. [NL., fr. Gr. <?/ dagger + <?/ tooth.] (Paleon.) A genus of extinct mammals allied to the cats, and having in the upper jaw canine teeth of remarkable size and strength; -- hence called saber-toothed tigers .

Machete <Xpage=879>

Ma*che"te (?) , n. [Sp.] A large heavy knife resembling a broadsword, often two or three feet in length, -- used by the inhabitants of Spanish America as a hatchet to cut their way through thickets, and for various other purposes.

J. Stevens.

Machiavelian <Xpage=879>

Mach`i*a*vel"ian (?) , a. [From Machiavel , an Italian writer, secretary and historiographer to the republic of Florence.] Of or pertaining to Machiavel, or to his supposed principles; politically cunning; characterized by duplicity or bad faith; crafty.

Machiavelian <Xpage=879>

Mach`i*a*vel"ian , n. One who adopts the principles of Machiavel; a cunning and unprincipled politician.

Machiavelism, Machiavelianism <Xpage=879>

Mach"i*a*vel*ism (?) , Mach`i*a*vel"ian*ism (?) , n. [Cf. F. machiav\'82lisme ; It. machiavellismo .] The supposed principles of Machiavel, or practice in conformity to them; political artifice, intended to favor arbitrary power.

Machicolated <Xpage=879>

Ma*chic"o*la`ted (?) , a. [LL. machicolatus , p. p. of machicolare , machicollare . See Machicolation .] Having machicolations. " Machicolated turrets."

C. Kingsley.

Machicolation <Xpage=879>

Mach`i*co*la"tion (?) , n. [Cf. LL. machicolamentum , machacolladura , F. m\'83chicolis , m\'83checoulis ; perh. fr. F. m\'8ache match, combustible matter + OF. coulis , couleis , flowing, fr. OF. & F. couler to flow. Cf. Match for making fire, and Cullis .]

1. (Mil. Arh.) An opening between the corbels which support a projecting parapet, or in the floor of a gallery or the roof of a portal, shooting or dropping missiles upen assailants attacking the base of the walls. Also, the construction of such defenses, in general, when of this character. See Illusts . of Battlement and Castle .

2. The act of discharging missiles or pouring burning or melted substances upon assailants through such apertures.

Machicoulis <Xpage=879>

Ma`chi`cou`lis" (?) , n. [F. m\'83chicoulis .] (Mil. Arch.) Same as Machicolation .

Machinal <Xpage=879>

Ma*chin"al (?) , a. [L. machinalis : cf. F. machinal .] Of or pertaining to machines.

Machinate <Xpage=879>

Mach"i*nate (?) , v. i. [ imp. & p. p. Machinated (?) ; p. pr. & vb. n. Machinating (?) .] [L. machinatus , p. p. of machinari to devise, plot. See Machine .] To plan; to contrive; esp., to form a scheme with the purpose of doing harm; to contrive artfully; to plot. "How long will you machinate !"

Sandys.

Machinate <Xpage=879>

Mach"i*nate (?) , v. t. To contrive, as a plot; to plot; as, to machinate evil .

Machination <Xpage=879>

Mach`i*na"tion (?) , n. [L. machinatio : cf. F. machination .] 1. The act of machinating.

Shak.

2. That which is devised; a device; a hostile or treacherous scheme; an artful design or plot.

Devilish machinations come to naught. Milton.

His ingenious machinations had failed. Macaulay.

Machinator <Xpage=879>

Mach"i*na`tor (?) , n. [L.] One who machinates, or forms a scheme with evil designs; a plotter or artful schemer.

Glanvill. Sir W. Scott.

Machine <Xpage=879>

Ma*chine" (?) , n. [F., fr. L. machina machine, engine, device, trick, Gr. <?/, from <?/ means, expedient. Cf. Mechanic .] 1. In general, any combination of bodies so connected that their relative motions are constrained, and by means of which force and motion may be transmitted and modified, as a screw and its nut, or a lever arranged to turn about a fulcrum or a pulley about its pivot, etc.; especially, a construction, more or less complex, consisting of a combination of moving parts, or simple mechanical elements, as wheels, levers, cams, etc., with their supports and connecting framework, calculated to constitute a prime mover, or to receive force and motion from a prime mover or from another machine, and transmit, modify, and apply them to the production of some desired mechanical effect or work, as weaving by a loom, or the excitation of electricity by an electrical machine.

&hand; The term machine is most commonly applied to such pieces of mechanism as are used in the industrial arts, for mechanically shaping, dressing, and combining materials for various purposes, as in the manufacture of cloth, etc. Where the effect is chemical, or other than mechanical, the contrivance is usually denominated an apparatus , not a machine; as, a bleaching apparatus . Many large, powerful, or specially important pieces of mechanism are called engines ; as, a steam engine , fire engine , graduating engine , etc. Although there is no well-settled distinction between the terms engine and machine among practical men, there is a tendency to restrict the application of the former to contrivances in which the operating part is not distinct from the motor.

2. Any mechanical contrivance, as the wooden horse with which the Greeks entered Troy; a coach; a bicycle.

Dryden. Southey. Thackeray.

3. A person who acts mechanically or at will of another.

4. A combination of persons acting together for a common purpose, with the agencies which they use; as, the social machine .

The whole machine of government ought not to bear upon the people with a weight so heavy and oppressive. Landor.

5. A political organization arranged and controlled by one or more leaders for selfish, private or partisan ends. [Political Cant]

6. Supernatural agency in a poem, or a superhuman being introduced to perform some exploit.

Addison.

Elementary machine , a name sometimes given to one of the simple mechanical powers. See under Mechanical . -- Infernal machine . See under Infernal . -- Machine gun . See under Gun. -- Machine screw , a screw or bolt adapted for screwing into metal, in distinction from one which is designed especially to be screwed into wood. -- Machine shop , a workshop where machines are made, or where metal is shaped by cutting, filing, turning, etc. -- Machine tool , a machine for cutting or shaping wood, metal, etc., by means of a tool; especially, a machine, as a lathe, planer, drilling machine, etc., designed for a more or less general use in a machine shop, in distinction from a machine for producing a special article as in manufacturing. -- Machine twist , silken thread especially adapted for use in a sewing machine. -- Machine work , work done by a machine, in contradistinction to that done by hand labor.

Machine <Xpage=879>

Ma*chine" , v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Machined (?) ; p. pr. & vb. n. Machining .] To subject to the action of machinery; to effect by aid of machinery; to print with a printing machine.

Machiner <Xpage=879>

Ma*chin"er (?) , n. One who or operates a machine; a machinist. [R.]

Machinery <Xpage=879>

Ma*chin"er*y (?) , n. [From Machine : cf. F. machinerie .] 1. Machines, in general, or collectively.

2. The working parts of a machine, engine, or instrument; as, the machinery of a watch .

3. The supernatural means by which the action of a poetic or fictitious work is carried on and brought to a catastrophe; in an extended sense, the contrivances by which the crises and conclusion of a fictitious narrative, in prose or verse, are effected.

The machinery , madam, is a term invented by the critics, to signify that part which the deities, angels, or demons, are made to act in a poem. Pope.

4. The means and appliances by which anything is kept in action or a desired result is obtained; a complex system of parts adapted to a purpose.

An indispensable part of the machinery of state. Macaulay.

The delicate inflexional machinery of the Aryan languages. I. Taylor (The Alphabet).

Machining <Xpage=879>

Ma*chin"ing , a. Of or pertaining to the machinery of a poem; acting or used as a machine. [Obs.]

Dryden.

Machinist <Xpage=879>

Ma*chin"ist , n. [Cf. F. machiniste .] 1. A constrictor of machines and engines; one versed in the principles of machines.

2. One skilled in the use of machine tools.

3. A person employed to shift scenery in a theater.

Macho <Xpage=879>

Ma"cho (?) , n. [Sp.] (Zo\'94l.) The striped mullet of California ( Mugil cephalus, &or; Mexicanus ).

Macilency <Xpage=879>

Mac"i*len*cy (?) , n. [See Macilent .] Leanness. [Obs.]

Sandys.

Macilent <Xpage=879>

Mac"i*lent (?) , a. [L. macilentus , fr. macies leanness, macere to be lean.] Lean; thin. [Obs.]

Bailey.

Macintosh <Xpage=879>

Mac"in*tosh (?) , n. Same as Mackintosh .

Mackerel <Xpage=879>

Mack"er*el (?) , n. [OF. maquerel , F. maquereau , fr. D. makelaar mediator, agent, fr. makelen to act as agent.] A pimp; also, a bawd. [Obs.]

Halliwell.

Mackerel <Xpage=879>

Mack`er*el (?) , n. [OF. maquerel , F. maquereau (LL. macarellus ), prob. for maclereau , fr. L. macula a spot, in allusion to the markings on the fish. See Mail armor.] (Zo\'94l.) Any species of the genus Scomber , and of several related genera. They are finely formed and very active oceanic fishes. Most of them are highly prized for food.

&hand; The common mackerel ( Scomber scombrus ), which inhabits both sides of the North Atlantic, is one of the most important food fishes. It is mottled with green and blue. The Spanish mackerel ( Scomberomorus maculatus ), of the American coast, is covered with bright yellow circular spots.

Bull mackerel , Chub mackerel . (Zo\'94l.) See under Chub . -- Frigate mackerel . See under Frigate . -- Horse mackerel . See under Horse . -- Mackerel bird (Zo\'94l.) , the wryneck; -- so called because it arrives in England at the time when mackerel are in season. -- Mackerel cock (Zo\'94l.) , the Manx shearwater; -- so called because it precedes the appearance of the mackerel on the east coast of Ireland. -- Mackerel guide . (Zo\'94l.) See Garfish (a) . -- Mackerel gull (Zo\'94l.) any one of several species of gull which feed upon or follow mackerel, as the kittiwake. -- Mackerel midge (Zo\'94l.) , a very small oceanic gadoid fish of the North Atlantic. It is about an inch and a half long and has four barbels on the upper jaw. It is now considered the young of the genus Onos , or Motella . -- Mackerel plow , an instrument for creasing the sides of lean mackerel to improve their appearance. Knight . -- Mackerel shark (Zo\'94l.) , the porbeagle. -- Mackerel sky , &or; Mackerel-back sky , a sky flecked with small white clouds; a cirro-cumulus. See Cloud .

Mackerel sky and mare's-tails Make tall ships carry low sails. Old Rhyme.

Mackinaw blanket, Mackinaw <Xpage=879>

Mack"i*naw blan"ket (?) , Mack"i*naw . [From Mackinac ,the State of Michigan, where blankets and other stores were distributed to the Indians.] A thick blanket formerly in common use in the western part of the United States.

Mackintosh <Xpage=879>

Mack"in*tosh (?) , n. A waterproof outer garment; -- so called from the name of the inventor.

Mackle <Xpage=879>

Mac`kle (?) , n. [See Macle .] Same Macule .

Mackle <Xpage=879>

Mac"kle , v. t. & i. To blur, or be blurred, in printing, as if there were a double impression.

Macle <Xpage=879>

Ma"cle (?) , n. [L. macula a spot: cf. F. macle . Cf. Mackle , Mascle .] (Min.) (a) Chiastolite; -- so called from the tessellated appearance of a cross section. See Chiastolite . (b) A crystal having a similar tessellated appearance. (c) A twin crystal.

Macled <Xpage=879>

Ma"cled (?) , a. 1. (Min.) (a) Marked like macle (chiastolite). (b) Having a twin structure. See Twin , a.

2. See Mascled .

Maclurea <Xpage=879>

Ma*clu"re*a (?) , n. [NL. Named from William Maclure , the geologist.] (Paleon.) A genus of spiral gastropod shells, often of large size, characteristic of the lower Silurian rocks.

Maclurin <Xpage=879>

Ma*clu"rin (?) , n. (Chem.) See Morintannic .

<-- macrame, n. the art of tying knots in patterns. -->

Macrame lace <Xpage=879>

Mac"ra*me lace" (?) . A coarse lace made of twine, used especially in decorating furniture.

Macrencephalic, Macrencephalous <Xpage=879>

Mac`ren*ce*phal"ic (?) , Mac`ren*ceph"a*lous (?) , a. [ Macro + encephalic , encephalous .] Having a large brain.

<-- macro (computer programming) [short for macroinstruction] (a) a single instruction in a program which symbolizes, and is replaced by during time of program execution, a series of instructions. (b) a keystroke (or combination of keystrokes) which symbolizes and is replaced by a series of keystrokes. -- a convenient feature of some advanced programs, such as word processors or database programs, which allows a user to rapidly execute any series of operations which may be performed multiple times. Such macros may typically be defined by the program user, without rewriting or recompiling the program. -->

Macro- <Xpage=879>

Mac"ro- (?) . [Gr. makro`s , adj.] A combining form signifying long , large , great ; as macro diagonal, macro spore. <-- macromolecule, macrocosm -->

Macrobiotic <Xpage=879>

Mac`ro*bi*ot"ic (?) , a. [Gr. <?/ long-lived; <?/ long + <?/ life: cf. F. macrobiotique .] Long-lived.

Dunglison.

Macrobiotics <Xpage=879>

Mac`ro*bi*ot"ics (?) , n. (Physiol.) The art of prolonging life.

Macrocephalous <Xpage=879>