Chapter 927

Lumachel, Lumachella <Xpage=874>

Lu"ma*chel (?) , Lu`ma*chel"la (?) , n. [F. lumachelle , It. lumachella , fr. lamachella a little snail, dim. of lumaca a snail, fr. L. limax , -acis .] (Min.) A grayish brown limestone, containing fossil shells, which reflect a beautiful play of colors. It is also called fire marble , from its fiery reflections.

Lumbaginous <Xpage=874>

Lum*bag"i*nous (?) , a. Of or pertaining to lumbago.

Lumbago <Xpage=874>

Lum*ba"go (?) , n. [L., fr. lumbus loin. See Lumbar .] (Med.) A rheumatic pain in the loins and the small of the back.

Lumbar, Lumbal <Xpage=874>

Lum"bar (?) , Lum"bal (?) , a. [L. lumbus loin. See Loin .] (Anat.) Of, pertaining to, or near, the loins; as, the lumbar arteries .

Lumbar region (Anat.) , the region of the loin; specifically, a region between the hypochondriac and ilias regions, and outside of the umbilical region.

Lumber <Xpage=874>

Lum"ber (?) , n. [Prob. fr. Lombard , the Lombards being the money lenders and pawnbrokers of the Middle Ages. A lumber room was, according to Trench, originally a Lombard room, or room where the Lombard pawnbroker stored his pledges. See Lombard .] 1. A pawnbroker's shop, or room for storing articles put in pawn; hence, a pledge, or pawn. [Obs.]

They put all the little plate they had in the lumber , which is pawning it, till the ships came. Lady Murray.

2. Old or refuse household stuff; things cumbrous, or bulky and useless, or of small value.

3. Timber sawed or split into the form of beams, joists, boards, planks, staves, hoops, etc.; esp., that which is smaller than heavy timber. [U.S.]

Lumber kiln , a room in which timber or lumber is dried by artificial heat. [U.S.] -- Lumber room , a room in which unused furniture or other lumber is kept. [U.S.] -- Lumber wagon , a heavy rough wagon, without springs, used for general farmwork, etc.

Lumber <Xpage=874>

Lum"ber , b. t. [ imp. & p. p. Lumbered (?) ; p. pr. & vb. n. Lumbering .] 1. To heap together in disorder. " Stuff lumbered together."

Rymer.

2. To fill or encumber with lumber; as, to lumber up a room .

Lumber <Xpage=874>

Lum"ber , v. i. 1. To move heavily, as if burdened.

2. [Cf. dial. Sw. lomra to resound.] To make a sound as if moving heavily or clumsily; to rumble.

Cowper.

3. To cut logs in the forest, or prepare timber for market. [U.S.]

Lumberer <Xpage=874>

Lum"ber*er (?) , n. One employed in lumbering, cutting, and getting logs from the forest for lumber; a lumberman. [U.S.]

Lumberers have a notion that he (the woodpecker) is harmful to timber. Lowell.

Lumbering <Xpage=874>

Lum"ber*ing , n. The business of cutting or getting timber or logs from the forest for lumber. [U.S.]

Lumberman <Xpage=874>

Lum"ber*man (?) , n. ; pl. Lumbermen (<?/) . One who is engaged in lumbering as a business or employment. [U.S.]

Lumbosacral <Xpage=874>

Lum`bo*sa"cral (?) , n. [L. lumbus loin + E. sacral .] (Anat.) Of or pertaining to the loins and sacrum; as, the lumbosacral nerve, a branch of one of the lumber nerves which passes over the sacrum .

Lumbric <Xpage=874>

Lum"bric (?) , n. [L. lumbricus .] (Zo\'94l.) An earthworm, or a worm resembling an earthworm.

Lumbrical <Xpage=874>

Lum"bric*al (?) , a. [Cf. F. lombrical . See Lumbric .] (Anat.) Resembling a worm; as, the lumbrical muscles of the hands of the hands and feet . -- n. A lumbrical muscle.

Lumbriciform <Xpage=874>

Lum*bric"i*form (?) , a. [L. lumbricus worm + -form .] (Zo\'94l.) Resembling an earthworm; vermiform.

Lumbricoid <Xpage=874>

Lum"bri*coid (?) , a. [ Lumbricus + -oid .] (Zo\'94l.) Like an earthworm; belonging to the genus Lumbricus, or family Lumbricid\'91 .

Lumbricus <Xpage=874>

Lum"bri*cus (?) , n. [L. See Lumbric .] (Zo\'94l.) A genus of annelids, belonging to the Oligoch\'91ta, and including the common earthworms. See Earthworm .

Luminant <Xpage=874>

Lu"mi*nant (?) , a. Luminous. [R.]

Luminary <Xpage=874>

Lu"mi*na*ry (?) , n. ; pl . Luminaries (#) , [F. luminaire , L. luminare a light or lamp, which was lighted in the churches, a luminary, fr. lumen , luminis , light, fr. lucere to be light, to shine, lux , lucis , light. See Light .]

1. Any body that gives light, especially one of the heavenly bodies. " Radiant luminary ."

Skelton.

Where the great luminary . . . Dispenses light from far. Milton.

2. One who illustrates any subject, or enlightens mankind; as, Newton was a distinguished luminary .

Luminate <Xpage=874>

Lu"mi*nate (?) , v. t. [L. luminatus , p. p. of luminare to illumine, fr. lumen light. See Limn .] To illuminate. [Obs.]

Lumination <Xpage=874>

Lu`mi*na"tion (?) , n. Illumination. [Obs.]

Lumine <Xpage=874>

Lu"mine (?) , v. i. To illumine. [Obs.]

Spenser.

Luminiferous <Xpage=874>

Lu`mi*nif"er*ous (?) , a. [L. lumen light + -ferous .] Producing light; yielding light; transmitting light; as, the luminiferous ether .

Luminosity <Xpage=874>

Lu`mi*nos"i*ty (?) , n. The quality or state of being luminous; luminousness.

Luminous <Xpage=874>

Lu"mi*nous (?) , a. [L. luminosus , fr. lumen light: cf. F. lumineux . See Luminary , Illuminate .]

1. Shining; emitting or reflecting light; brilliant; bright; as, the is a luminous body; a luminous color.

Fire burneth wood, making it . . . luminous . Bacon.

The mountains lift . . . their lofty and luminous heads. Longfellow.

2. Illuminated; full of light; bright; as, many candles made the room luminous .

Up the staircase moved a luminous space in the darkness. Longfellow.

3. Enlightened; intelligent; also, clear; intelligible; as, a luminous mind . " Luminous eloquence." Macaulay . " A luminous statement."

Brougham.

Luminous paint , a paint made up with some phosphorescent substance, as sulphide of calcium, which after exposure to a strong light is luminous in the dark for a time.

Syn. -- Lucid; clear; shining; perspicuous.

-- Lu"mi*nous*ly , adv. -- Lu"mi*nous*ness , n.

Lummox <Xpage=874>

Lum"mox (?) , n. A fat, ungainly, stupid person; an awkward bungler. [Law.]

Lump <Xpage=874>

Lump (?) , n. [Cf. OD. lompe piece, mass. Cf. Lunch .] 1. A small mass of matter of irregular shape; an irregular or shapeless mass; as, a lump of coal; a lump of iron ore. " A lump of cheese." Piers Plowman . " This lump of clay."

Shak.

2. A mass or aggregation of things.

3. (Firearms) A projection beneath the breech end of a gun barrel.

In the lump , In a lump , the whole together; in gross.

They may buy them in the lump . Addison.

-- Lump coal , coal in large lumps; -- the largest size brought from the mine. -- Lump sum , a gross sum without a specification of items; as, to award a lump sum in satisfaction of all claims and damages. <-- (b) a single sum paid once in satisfaction of a claim, as contrasted with the alternate choice of several payments over a period of time.-->

Lump <Xpage=874>

Lump , v. i. [ imp. & p. p. Lumped (?) ; p. pr. & vb. n. Lumping .] 1. To throw into a mass; to unite in a body or sum without distinction of particulars.

The expenses ought to be lumped together. Ayliffe.

2. To take in the gross; to speak of collectively.

Not forgetting all others, . . . whom for brevity, but out of no resentment you, I lump all together. Sterne.

3. To get along with as one can, although displeased; as, if he does n't like it, he can lump it . [Law]

<-- lump together. v. combine (various items) and treat them as a unit. -->

<-- lumpenproletariat -->

Lumper <Xpage=874>

Lump"er (?) , n. [Cf. Lamper eel .] (Zo\'94l.) The European eelpout; -- called also lumpen .

Lumper <Xpage=874>

Lump"er , n. 1. One who lumps.

2. A laborer who is employed to load or unload vessels when in harbor.

Lumpfish <Xpage=874>

Lump"fish` (?) , n. [From Lump , on account of its bulkiness: cf. G. & D. lump , F. lompe .] (Zo\'94l.) A large, thick, clumsy, marine fish ( Cyclopterus lumpus ) of Europe and America. The color is usually translucent sea green, sometimes purplish. It has a dorsal row of spiny tubercles, and three rows on each side, but has no scales. The ventral fins unite and form a ventral sucker for adhesion to stones and seaweeds. Called also lumpsucker , cock-paddle , sea owl .

Lumping <Xpage=874>

Lump"ing , a. Bulky; heavy.

Arbuthnot.

Lumpish <Xpage=874>

Lump"ish , a. Like a lump; inert; gross; heavy; dull; spiritless. " Lumpish , heavy, melancholy."

Shak.

-- Lump"ish*ly , adv. -- Lump"ish*ness , n.

Lumpsucker <Xpage=874>

Lump"suck`er (?) , n. (Zo\'94l.) The lumprish.

Lumpy <Xpage=874>

Lump"y (?) , a. [ Compar. Lumpier (?) ; superl. Lumpiest .] Full of lumps, or small compact masses.

Luna <Xpage=874>

Lu"na (?) , n. [L.; akin to lucere to shine. See Light , n. , and cf. Lune .] 1. The moon.

2. (Alchemy) Silver.

Luna cornea (Old Chem.) , horn silver, or fused silver chloride, a tough, brown, translucent mass; -- so called from its resemblance to horn. Luna moth (Zo\'94l.) , a very large and beautiful American moth ( Actias luna ). Its wings are delicate light green, with a stripe of purple along the front edge of the anterior wings, the other margins being edged with pale yellow. Each wing has a lunate spot surrounded by rings of light yellow, blue, and black. The caterpillar commonly feeds on the hickory, sassafras, and maple.

<-- Fig. of Luna moth -->

Lunacy <Xpage=874>

Lu"na*cy (?) , n. ; pl. Lunacies (#) . [See Lunatic .] 1. Insanity or madness; properly, the kind of insanity which is broken by intervals of reason, -- formerly supposed to be influenced by the changes of the moon; any form of unsoundness of mind, except idiocy; mental derangement or alienation.

Brande. Burrill.

Your kindred shuns your house As beaten hence by your strange lunacy . Shak.

2. A morbid suspension of good sense or judgment, as through fanaticism.

Dr. H. More.

Syn. -- Derangement; craziness; mania. See Insanity .

<page="875"> Page 875

Lunar <Xpage=875>

Lu"nar (?) , a. [L. lunaris , fr. luna the moon. See Luna , and cf. Lunary .] 1. Of or pertaining to the moon; as, lunar observations .

2. Resembling the moon; orbed.

Dryden.

3. Measured by the revolutions of the moon; as, a lunar month .

4. Influenced by the moon, as in growth, character, or properties; as, lunar herbs .

Bacon.

Lunar caustic (Med. Chem.) , silver nitrate prepared to be used as a cautery; -- so named because silver was called luna by the ancient alchemists. -- Lunar cycle . Same as Metonic cycle . See under Cycle . -- Lunar distance , the angular distance of the moon from the sun, a star, or a planet, employed for determining longitude by the lunar method . -- Lunar method , the method of finding a ship's longitude by comparing the local time of taking (by means of a sextant or circle) a given lunar distance, with the Greenwich time corresponding to the same distance as ascertained from a nautical almanac, the difference of these times being the longitude. -- Lunar month . See Month . -- Lunar observation , an observation of a lunar distance by means of a sextant or circle, with the altitudes of the bodies, and the time, for the purpose of computing the longitude. -- Lunar tables . (a) (Astron.) Tables of the moon's motions, arranged for computing the moon's true place at any time past or future . (b) (Navigation) Tables for correcting an observed lunar distance on account of refraction and parallax. -- Lunar year , the period of twelve lunar months, or 354 days, 8 hours, 48 minutes, and 34.38 seconds.

Lunar <Xpage=875>

Lu"nar , n. 1. (Astron.) A lunar distance.

2. (Anat.) The middle bone of the proximal series of the carpus; -- called also semilunar , and intermedium .

Lunarian <Xpage=875>

Lu*na"ri*an (?) , n. [See Lunar , Luna .] An inhabitant of the moon.

Lunary <Xpage=875>

Lu"na*ry (?) , a. [Cf. F. lunaire . See Lunar .] Lunar. [Obs.]

Fuller.

Lunary <Xpage=875>

Lu"na*ry , n. [Cf. F. lunaire .] (Bot.) (a) The herb moonwort or "honesty". (b) A low fleshy fern ( Botrychium Lunaria ) with lunate segments of the leaf or frond.

Lunate, Lunated <Xpage=875>

Lu"nate (?) , Lu"na*ted (?) , a. [L. lunatus crescent-shaped, p. p. of lunare to bend like a crescent, fr. luna the moon.] Crescent-shaped; as, a lunate leaf; a lunate beak; a lunated cross.

Gray.

Lunatic <Xpage=875>

Lu"na*tic (?) , a. [F. lunatique , L. lunaticus , fr. luna the moon. See Lunar .] 1. Affected by lunacy; insane; mad.

Lord, have mercy on my son; for he is lunatic. Wyclif (Matt. xvii. 15).

2. Of or pertaining to, or suitable for, an insane person; evincing lunacy; as, lunatic gibberish; a lunatic asylum.

Lunatic <Xpage=875>

Lu"na*tic , n. A person affected by lunacy; an insane person, esp. one who has lucid intervals; a madman; a person of unsound mind.

The lunatic , the lover, and the poet, Are of imagination all compact. Shak.

Lunation <Xpage=875>

Lu*na"tion (?) , n. [Cf. Lunated .] The period of a synodic revolution of the moon, or the time from one new moon to the next; varying in length, at different times, from about 29<frac14/ to 29<frac56/ days, the average length being 29 d., 12h., 44m., 2.9s.

Lunch <Xpage=875>

Lunch (?) , n. [Of uncertain etymol. Cf. Prov. Eng. nunc a lump.] A luncheon; specifically, a light repast between breakfast and dinner.

Lunch <Xpage=875>

Lunch , v. i. [ imp. & p. p. Lunched (?) ; p. pr. & vb. n. Lunching .] To take luncheon.

Smart.

Luncheon <Xpage=875>

Lunch"eon (?) , n. [Prov. E. luncheon , lunchion , lunshin , a large lump of food, fr. lunch . See Lunch .]

1. A lump of food. [Prov. Eng.]

2. A portion of food taken at any time except at a regular meal; an informal or light repast, as between breakfast and dinner.

Luncheon <Xpage=875>

Lunch"eon , v. i. To take luncheon.

Beaconsfield.

Lune <Xpage=875>

Lune (?) , n. [L. luna moon: cf. F. lune . See Luna .] 1. Anything in the shape of a half moon. [R.]

2. (Geom.) A figure in the form of a crescent, bounded by two intersecting arcs of circles.

3. A fit of lunacy or madness; a period of frenzy; a crazy or unreasonable freak. [Obs.]

These dangerous, unsafe lunes i' the king. Shak.

Lunet <Xpage=875>

Lu"net (?) , n. [See Lunette .] A little moon or satellite. [Obs.]

Bp. Hall.

Lunette <Xpage=875>

Lu*nette" (?) , n. [F., dim. of lune moon, L. luna . See Lune a crescent.] 1. (Fort.) A fieldwork consisting of two faces, forming a salient angle, and two parallel flanks. See Bastion .

2. (Far.) A half horseshoe, which wants the sponge.

3. A kind of watch crystal which is more than ordinarily flattened in the center; also, a species of convexoconcave lens for spectacles.

4. A piece of felt to cover the eye of a vicious horse.

5. (Arch.) Any surface of semicircular or segmental form; especially, the piece of wall between the curves of a vault and its springing line.

6. An iron shoe at the end of the stock of a gun carriage.

Lunette window (Arch.) , a window which fills or partly fills a lunette.

Lung <Xpage=875>

Lung (?) , n. [OE. lunge , AS. lunge , pl. lungen ; akin to D. long , G. lunge , Icel. & Sw. lunga , Dan. lunge , all prob. from the root of E. light . <?/ See Light not heavy.] (Anat.) An organ for a\'89rial respiration; -- commonly in the plural.

My lungs began to crow like chanticleer. Shak.

<-- Insert: Illustration of lungs with description. -->

&hand; In all air-breathing vertebrates the lungs are developed from the ventral wall of the esophagus as a pouch which divides into two sacs. In amphibians and many reptiles the lungs retain very nearly this primitive saclike character, but in the higher forms the connection with the esophagus becomes elongated into the windpipe and the inner walls of the sacs become more and more divided, until, in the mammals, the air spaces become minutely divided into tubes ending in small air cells, in the walls of which the blood circulates in a fine network of capillaries. In mammals the lungs are more or less divided into lobes, and each lung occupies a separate cavity in the thorax. See Respiration .

Lung fever (Med.) , pneumonia. -- Lung flower (Bot.) , a species of gentian ( G. Pneumonanthe ). -- Lung lichen (Bot.) , tree lungwort. See under Lungwort . Lung sac (Zo\'94l.) , one of the breathing organs of spiders and snails.

Lunge <Xpage=875>

Lunge (?) , n. [Also spelt longe , fr. allonge . See Allonge , Long .] A sudden thrust or pass, as with a sword.

Lunge <Xpage=875>