Chapter 878

Land"wehr` (?) , n. [G., fr. land land, country + wehr defense.] That part of the army, in Germany and Austria, which has completed the usual military service and is exempt from duty in time of peace, except that it is called out occasionally for drill.

Lane <Xpage=828>

Lane (?) , a. [See Lone .] Alone [Scot.]

His lane , by himself; himself alone.

Lane <Xpage=828>

Lane (?) , n. [OE. lane , lone , AS. lone , lone ; akin to D. laan , OFries. lana , lona .] A passageway between fences or hedges which is not traveled as a highroad; an alley between buildings; a narrow way among trees, r<?/cks, and other natural obstructions; hence, in a general sense, a narrow passageway; as, a lane between lines of men, or through a field of ice .

It is become a turn-again lane unto them which they can not go through. Tyndale.

Lang <Xpage=828>

Lang (?) , a. & adv. Long. [Obs. or Scot.]

Langaha <Xpage=828>

Lan"ga*ha (?) , n. (Zo\'94l.) A curious colubriform snake of the genus Xyphorhynchus , from Madagascar. It is brownish red, and its hose is prolonged in the form of a sharp blade.

Langarey <Xpage=828>

Lan`ga*rey" (?) , n. (Zo\'94l.) One of numerous species of long-winged, shrikelike birds of Australia and the East Indies, of the genus Artamus , and allied genera; called also wood swallow .

Langate <Xpage=828>

Lan"gate (?) , n. (Surg.) A linen roller used in dressing wounds.

Langdak <Xpage=828>

Lang"dak` (?) , n. (Zo\'94l.) A wolf ( Canis pallipes ), found in India, allied to the jackal.

Langrage, Langrel <Xpage=828>

Lan"grage (?) , Lan"grel (?) , n. A kind of shot formerly used at sea for tearing sails and rigging. It consisted of bolts, nails, and other pieces of iron fastened together or inclosed in a canister.

Langret <Xpage=828>

Lan"gret (?) , n. A kind of loaded die. [Obs.]

Langridge <Xpage=828>

Lan"gridge (?) , n. See Langrage . [Sometimes compounded with shot .]

Langsyne <Xpage=828>

Lang`syne" (?) , adv. & n. [Scot. lang long + syne since.] Long since; long ago. [Scot.]

Langteraloo <Xpage=828>

Lang`ter*a*loo" (?) , n. [See Loo .] An old game at cards. See Loo (a)

Tatler.

Language <Xpage=828>

Lan"guage (?) , n. [OE. langage , F. langage , fr. L. lingua the tongue, hence speech, language; akin to E. tongue . See Tongue , cf. Lingual .]

1. Any means of conveying or communicating ideas; specifically, human speech; the expression of ideas by the voice; sounds, expressive of thought, articulated by the organs of the throat and mouth.

&hand; Language consists in the oral utterance of sounds which usage has made the representatives of ideas. When two or more persons customarily annex the same sounds to the same ideas, the expression of these sounds by one person communicates his ideas to another. This is the primary sense of language , the use of which is to communicate the thoughts of one person to another through the organs of hearing. Articulate sounds are represented to the eye by letters, marks, or characters, which form words.

2. The expression of ideas by writing, or any other instrumentality.

3. The forms of speech, or the methods of expressing ideas, peculiar to a particular nation.

4. The characteristic mode of arranging words, peculiar to an individual speaker or writer; manner of expression; style.

Others for language all their care express. Pope.

5. The inarticulate sounds by which animals inferior to man express their feelings or their wants.

6. The suggestion, by objects, actions, or conditions, of ideas associated therewith; as, the language of flowers .

There was . . . language in their very gesture. Shak.

7. The vocabulary and phraseology belonging to an art or department of knowledge; as, medical language ; the language of chemistry or theology.

8. A race, as distinguished by its speech. [R.]

All the people, the nations, and the languages , fell down and worshiped the golden image. Dan. iii. 7.

Language master , a teacher of languages. [Obs.]

Syn. -- Speech; tongue; idiom; dialect; phraseology; diction; discourse; conversation; talk. -- Language , Speech , Tongue , Idiom , Dialect . Language is generic, denoting, in its most extended use, any mode of conveying ideas; speech is the language of articulate sounds; tongue is the Anglo-Saxon tern for language, esp. for spoken language; as, the English tongue . Idiom denotes the forms of construction peculiar to a particular language; dialects are varieties if expression which spring up in different parts of a country among people speaking substantially the same language .

Language <Xpage=828>

Lan"guage , v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Languaged (?) ; p. pr. & vb. n. Languaging (?) .] To communicate by language; to express in language.

Others were languaged in such doubtful expressions that they have a double sense. Fuller.

Languaged <Xpage=828>

Lan"guaged (?) , a. Having a language; skilled in language; -- chiefly used in composition. " Many languaged nations."

Pope.

Languageless <Xpage=828>

Lan"guage*less (?) , a. Lacking or wanting language; speechless; silent.

Shak.

Langued <Xpage=828>

Langued (?) , a. [F. langue tongue. See Language .] (Her.) Tongued; having the tongue visible.

Lions . . . represented as armed and langued gules. Cussans.

Langue d'oc <Xpage=828>

Langue` d'oc" (?) . [F., language of oc yes.] The dialect, closely akin to French, formerly spoken south of the Loire (in which the word for "yes" was oc ); Provencal.

Langue d'o\'8bl <Xpage=828>

Langue` d'o\'8bl" (?) . [F., language of o\'8bl yes.] The dialect formerly spoken north of the Loire (in which the word for "yes" was o\'8bl , F. oui ).

Languente <Xpage=828>

Lan*guen"te (?) , adv. [It., p. pr. of languire . See Languish .] (Mus.) In a languishing manner; pathetically.

Languet <Xpage=828>

Lan"guet , n. [F. languette , dim. of langue tongue, L. lingua .] 1. Anything resembling the tongue in form or office; specif., the slip of metal in an organ pipe which turns the current of air toward its mouth.

2. That part of the hilt, in certain kinds of swords, which overlaps the scabbard.

Languid <Xpage=828>

Lan"guid (?) , a. [L. languidus , fr. languere to be faint or languid: cf. F. languide . See Languish .]

1. Drooping or flagging from exhaustion; indisposed to exertion; without animation; weak; weary; heavy; dull. " Languid , powerless limbs. "

Armstrong.

Fire their languid souls with Cato's virtue. Addison.

2. Slow in progress; tardy. " No motion so swift or languid ."

Bentley.

3. Promoting or indicating weakness or heaviness; as, a languid day .

Feebly she laugheth in the languid moon. Keats.

Their idleness, aimless and languid airs. W. Black.

Syn. -- Feeble; weak; faint; sickly; pining; exhausted; weary; listless; heavy; dull; heartless.

-- Lan"guid*ly , adv. -- Lan"guid*ness , n.

Languish <Xpage=828>

Lan"guish (?) , v. i. [ imp. & p. p. Languished (?) ; p. pr. & vb. n. Languishing .] [OE. languishen , languissen , F. languir , L. languere ; cf. Gr. <?/ to slacken, <?/ slack, Icel. lakra to lag behind; prob. akin to E. lag , lax , and perh. to E. slack .See -ish .] 1. To become languid or weak; to lose strength or animation; to be or become dull, feeble or spiritless; to pine away; to wither or fade.

We . . . do languish of such diseases. 2 Esdras viii. 31.

Cease, fond nature, cease thy strife, And let me landguish into life. Pope.

For the fields of Heshbon languish . Is. xvi. 8.

2. To assume an expression of weariness or tender grief, appealing for sympathy.

Tennyson.

Syn. -- To pine; wither; fade; droop; faint.

Languish <Xpage=828>

Lan"guish (?) , v. i. To cause to dr<?/<?/p or pine. [Obs.]

Shak. Dryden.

Languish <Xpage=828>

Lan"guish , n. See Languishiment . [Obs. or Poetic]

What, of death, too, That rids our dogs of languish ? Shak.

And the blue languish of soft Allia's eye. Pope.

Languisher <Xpage=828>

Lan"guish*er (?) , n. One who languishes.

Languishing <Xpage=828>

Lan"guish*ing , a. 1. Becoming languid and weak; pining; losing health and strength.

2. Amorously pensive; as, languishing eyes, or look .

Languishingly <Xpage=828>

Lan"guish*ing*ly , adv. In a languishing manner.

Languishment <Xpage=828>

Lan"guish*ment (?) , n. 1. The state of languishing. " Lingering languishment ."

Shak.

2. Tenderness of look or mien; amorous pensiveness.

Languishness <Xpage=828>

Lan"guish*ness , n. Languishment. [Obs.]

Languor <Xpage=828>

Lan"guor (?) , n. [OE. langour , OF. langour , F. langueur , L. languor . See Languish.] 1. A state of the body or mind which is caused by exhaustion of strength and characterized by a languid feeling; feebleness; lassitude; laxity.

2. Any enfeebling disease. [Obs.]

Sick men with divers languors . Wyclif (Luke iv. 40).

3. Listless indolence; dreaminess. Pope . " German dreams, Italian languors ."

The Century.

Syn. -- Feebleness; weakness; faintness; weariness; dullness; heaviness; lassitude; listlessness.

Languorous <Xpage=828>

Lan"guor*ous (?) , a. [From Languor : cf. F. langoureux .] Producing, or tending to produce, languor; characterized by languor. [Obs. or Poetic]

Whom late I left in languorous constraint. Spenser.

To wile the length from languorous hours, and draw The sting from pain. Tennyson.

Langure <Xpage=828>

Lan"gure (?) , v. i. To languish. [Obs.]

Chaucer.

Langya <Xpage=828>

Lan"gya (?) , n. (Zo\'94l.) [Native name Anglicized.] One of several species of East Indian and Asiatic fresh-water fishes of the genus Ophiocephalus , remarkable for their power of living out of water, and for their tenacity of life; -- called also walking fishes .

Laniard <Xpage=828>

Lan"iard (?) , n. See Lanyard .

Laniariform <Xpage=828>

La`ni*ar"i*form (?) , a. [ Laniary + -form .] (Anat.) Shaped like a laniary, or canine, tooth.

Owen.

Laniary <Xpage=828>

La"ni*a*ry (?) , a. [L. laniarius , fr. lanius butcher, laniare to tear in pieces: cf. F. laniaire .] (Anat.) Lacerating or tearing; as, the laniary canine teeth .

Laniary <Xpage=828>

La"ni*a*ry , n. [L. Laniary , a. ]

1. The shambles; a place of slaughter. [R.]

2. (Anat.) A laniary, or canine, tooth.

Laniate <Xpage=828>

La"ni*ate (?) , v. t. [L. laniatus , p. p. of laniare .] To tear in pieces. [R.]

Laniation <Xpage=828>

La`ni*a"tion (?) , n. [L. laniatio .] A tearing in pieces. [R.]

Lanier <Xpage=828>

Lan"ier (?) , n. [F. lani\'8are . See Lanyard .] [Written also lanner , lanyer .] 1. A thong of leather; a whip lash. [Prov. Eng.]

Halliwell.

2. A strap used to fasten together parts of armor, to hold the shield by, and the like.

Fairholt.

Laniferous <Xpage=828>

La*nif"er*ous (?) , n. [L. lanifer ; lana wool + ferre to bear: cf. F. lanif\'8are .] Bearing or producing wool.

Lanifical <Xpage=828>

La*nif"i*cal (?) , a. [L. lanificus ; lana wool + facere to make.] Working in wool.

Lanifice <Xpage=828>

Lan"i*fice (?) , n. [L. lanificium : cf. OF. lanifice .] Anything made of wool. [Obs.]

Bacon.

Lanigerous <Xpage=828>

La*nig"er*ous (?) , a. [L. laniger ; lano wool + gerere to hear.] Bearing or producing wool.

Lanioid <Xpage=828>

La"ni*oid (?) , a. [NL. Lanius (fr. L. lanius a butcher), the typical genus + -oid .] (Zo\'94l.) Of or pertaining to the shrikes (family Laniid\'91 ).

Lank <Xpage=828>

Lank (?) , a. [ Compar. Lanker (?) ; superl. Lankest .] [ AS . hlanc ; cf. G. lenken to turn, gelenk joint, OHG. hlanca hip, side, flank, and E. link of a chain.] 1. Slender and thin; not well filled out; not plump; shrunken; lean.

Meager and lank with fasting grown. Swift.

Who would not choose . . . to have rather a lank purse than an empty brain? Barrow.

2. Languid; drooping. [Obs.]

Who, piteous of her woes, reared her lank head. Milton.

Lank hair , long, thin hair.

Macaulay.

Lank <Xpage=828>

Lank , v. i. & t. To become lank; to make lank. [Obs.] Shak. G. Fletcher.

Lankiness <Xpage=828>

Lank"i*ness (?) , n. The condition or quality or being lanky.

Lankly <Xpage=828>

Lank"ly , adv. In a lank manner.

Lankness <Xpage=828>

Lank"ness , n. The state or quality of being lank.

Lanky <Xpage=828>

Lank"y , a. Somewhat lank.

Thackeray.

The lanky Dinka, nearly seven feet in height. The Century.

Lanner, n. f. Lanneret <Xpage=828>

Lan"ner (?) , n. f. Lan"ner*et (?) , n. m. [F. lanier , OF. also, lasnier . Cf. Lanyard .] (Zo\'94l.) A long-tailed falcon ( Falco lanarius ), of Southern Europe, Asia, and Northern Africa, resembling the American prairie falcon.

Lanolin <Xpage=828>

Lan"o*lin (?) , n. [L. lana wool + ole um oil.] (Physiol. Chem.) A peculiar fatlike body, made up of cholesterin and certain fatty acids, found in feathers, hair, wool, and keratin tissues generally.

&hand; Under the same name, it is prepared from wool for commercial purposes, and forms an admirable basis for ointments, being readily absorbed by the skin.

<page="829"> Page 829

Lanseh <Xpage=829>

Lan"seh (?) , n. The small, whitish brown fruit of an East Indian tree ( Lansium domesticum ). It has a fleshy pulp, with an agreeable subacid taste.

Balfour.

Lansquenet <Xpage=829>

Lans"que*net (?) , n. [F., fr. G. landsknecht a foot soldier, also a game of cards introduced by these foot soldiers; land country + knecht boy, servant. See Land , and Knight .] 1. A German foot soldier in foreign service in the 15th and 16th centuries; a soldier of fortune; -- a term used in France and Western Europe.

2. A game at cards, vulgarly called lambskinnet .

[They play] their little game of lansquenet . Longfellow.

Lant <Xpage=829>

Lant (?) , n. Urine. [Prov. Eng.]

Nares.

Lant <Xpage=829>

Lant , n. [Cf. Lance .] (Zo\'94l.) Any one of several species of small, slender, marine fishes of the genus Ammedytes . The common European species ( A. tobianus ) and the American species ( A. Americanus ) live on sandy shores, buried in the sand, and are caught in large quantities for bait. Called also launce , and sand eel .

Lant <Xpage=829>

Lant , n. See Lanterloo . [Obs.]

Halliwell.

Lantanium, Lantanum <Xpage=829>

Lan*ta"ni*um (?) , Lan"ta*num (?) , n. (Chem.) See Lanthanum .

Lantanuric <Xpage=829>

Lan`ta*nu"ric (?) , a. [Formed by transposition of the letters of allantoin and -uric .] (Chem.) Pertaining to, or designating, a nitrogenous organic acid of the uric acid group, obtained by the decomposition of allantoin, and usually called allanturic acid .

Lanterloo <Xpage=829>

Lan"ter*loo` (?) , n. An old name of loo (a) .

Lantern <Xpage=829>

Lan"tern (?) , n. [F. lanterne , L. lanterna , laterna , from Gr. <?/ light, torch. See Lamp .] 1. Something inclosing a light, and protecting it from wind, rain, etc. ; -- sometimes portable, as a closed vessel or case of horn, perforated tin, glass, oiled paper, or other material, having a lamp or candle within; sometimes fixed, as the glazed inclosure of a street light, or of a lighthouse light.

2. (Arch.) (a) An open structure of light material set upon a roof, to give light and air to the interior. (b) A cage or open chamber of rich architecture, open below into the building or tower which it crowns. (c) A smaller and secondary cupola crowning a larger one, for ornament, or to admit light; such as the lantern of the cupola of the Capitol at Washington, or that of the Florence cathedral.

3. (Mach.) A lantern pinion or trundle wheel. See Lantern pinion (below).

4. (Steam Engine) A kind of cage inserted in a stuffing box and surrounding a piston rod, to separate the packing into two parts and form a chamber between for the reception of steam, etc. ; -- called also lantern brass .

5. (Founding) A perforated barrel to form a core upon.

6. (Zo\'94l.) See Aristotle's lantern .

&hand; Fig. 1 represents a hand lantern ; fig. 2, an arm lantern ; fig. 3, a breast lantern ; -- so named from the positions in which they are carried.