The Gutenberg Webster's Unabridged Dictionary
Chapter 875
Lake , n. [AS. lac , L. lacus ; akin to AS. lagu lake, sea, Icel. l\'94gr ; OIr. loch ; cf. Gr. <?/ pond, tank. Cf. Loch , Lough .] A large body of water contained in a depression of the earth's surface, and supplied from the drainage of a more or less extended area.
&hand; Lakes are for the most part of fresh water; the salt lakes, like the Great Salt Lake of Utah, have usually no outlet to the ocean.
Lake dwellers (Ethnol.) , people of a prehistoric race, or races, which inhabited different parts of Europe. Their dwellings were built on piles in lakes, a short distance from the shore. Their relics are common in the lakes of Switzerland. -- Lake dwellings (Arch\'91ol.) , dwellings built over a lake, sometimes on piles, and sometimes on rude foundations kept in place by piles; specifically, such dwellings of prehistoric times. Lake dwellings are still used by many savage tribes. Called also lacustrine dwellings . See Crannog . -- Lake fly (Zo\'94l.) , any one of numerous species of dipterous flies of the genus Chironomus . In form they resemble mosquitoes, but they do not bite. The larv\'91 live in lakes. -- Lake herring (Zo\'94l.) , the cisco ( Coregonus Artedii ). -- Lake poets , Lake school , a collective name originally applied in contempt, but now in honor, to Southey, Coleridge, and Wordsworth, who lived in the lake country of Cumberland, England, Lamb and a few others were classed with these by hostile critics. Called also lakers and lakists . -- Lake sturgeon (Zo\'94l.) , a sturgeon ( Acipenser rubicundus ), of moderate size, found in the Great Lakes and the Mississippi River. It is used as food. -- Lake trout (Zo\'94l.) , any one of several species of trout and salmon; in Europe, esp. Salmo fario ; in the United States, esp. Salvelinus namaycush of the Great Lakes, and of various lakes in New York, Eastern Maine, and Canada. A large variety of brook trout ( S. fontinalis ), inhabiting many lakes in New England, is also called lake trout . See Namaycush . -- Lake whitefish . (Zo\'94l.) See Whitefish . -- Lake whiting (Zo\'94l.) , an American whitefish ( Coregonus Labradoricus ), found in many lakes in the Northern United States and Canada. It is more slender than the common whitefish.
Lake-dweller <Xpage=825>
Lake"-dwell`er (?) , n. See Lake dwellers , under Lake .
Lakelet <Xpage=825>
Lake"let (?) , n. A little lake.
Southey.
Lakeweed <Xpage=825>
Lake"weed` (?) , n. (Bot.) The water pepper ( Polygonum Hydropiper ), an aquatic plant of Europe and North America.
Lakh <Xpage=825>
Lakh (?) , n. Same as Lac , one hundred thousand.
Lakin <Xpage=825>
La"kin (?) , n. See Ladykin .
Lakke <Xpage=825>
Lak"ke (?) , n. & v. See Lack . [Obs.]
Chaucer.
Laky <Xpage=825>
Lak"y (?) , a. Pertaining to a lake.
Sir W. Scott.
Laky <Xpage=825>
Lak"y , a. [From Lake the pigment.] Transparent; -- said of blood rendered transparent by the action of some solvent agent on the red blood corpuscles.
Lallation <Xpage=825>
Lal*la"tion (?) , n. [L. lallare to sing lalla, or lullaby: cf. F. lallation .] An imperfect enunciation of the letter r , in which it sounds like l.
Lalo <Xpage=825>
La"lo (?) , n. The powdered leaves of the baobab tree, used by the Africans to mix in their soup, as the southern negroes use powdered sassafras. Cf. Couscous .
Lam <Xpage=825>
Lam (?) , v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Lammed (?) ; p. pr. & vb. n. Lamming .] [Icel. lemja to beat, or lama to bruise, both fr. lami , lama , lame. See Lame .] To beat soundly; to thrash. [Obs. or Low]
Beau. & Fl.
Lama <Xpage=825>
La"ma (?; 277) , n. (Zo\'94l.) See Llama .
Lama <Xpage=825>
La"ma , n. [Thibet. blama (pronounced l\'84 \'b6 ma ) a chief, a high priest.] In Thibet, Mongolia, etc., a priest or monk of the belief called Lamaism.
The Grand Lama , ∨ Dalai Lama [lit., Ocean Lama] , the supreme pontiff in the lamaistic hierarchy. See Lamaism .
Lamaic <Xpage=825>
La"ma*ic (?) , a. Of or pertaining to Lamaism.
Lamaism <Xpage=825>
La"ma*ism (?) , n. A modified form of Buddhism which prevails in Thibet, Mongolia, and some adjacent parts of Asia; -- so called from the name of its priests. See 2d Lama .
Lamaist, Lamaite <Xpage=825>
La"ma*ist (?) , La"ma*ite (?) n. One who believes in Lamaism.
Lamaistic <Xpage=825>
La`ma*is"tic (?) , a. Of or pertaining to Lamaism.
Lamantin <Xpage=825>
La*man"tin (?) , n. [F. lamantin , lamentin , prob. from the name of the animal in the Antilles. Cf. Manater .] (Zo\'94l.) The manatee . [Written also lamentin , and lamantine .]
Lamarckian <Xpage=825>
La*marck"i*an (?) , a. Pertaining to, or involved in, the doctrines of Lamarckianism.
Lamarckianism <Xpage=825>
La*marck"i*an*ism (?) , n. (Biol.) Lamarckism.
Lamarckism <Xpage=825>
La"marck"ism (?) , n. [From Lamarck , a distinguished French naturalist.] (Biol.) The theory that structural variations, characteristic of species and genera, are produced in animals and plants by the direct influence of physical environments, and esp., in the case of animals, by effort, or by use or disuse of certain organs.
Lamasery <Xpage=825>
La"ma*ser*y (?) , n. [See 2d Lama .] A mo<?/<?/astery or convent of lamas, in Thibet, Mongolia, etc.
Lamb <Xpage=825>
Lamb (?) , n. [AS. lamb ; akin to D. & Dan. lam , G. & Sw. lamm , OS., Goth., & Icel. lamb .] 1. (Zo\'94l.) The young of the sheep.
2. Any person who is as innocent or gentle as a lamb.
3. A simple, unsophisticated person; in the cant of the Stock Exchange, one who ignorantly speculates and is victimized.
Lamb of God , The Lamb (Script.) , the Jesus Christ, in allusion to the paschal lamb.
The twelve apostles of the Lamb . Rev. xxi. 14.
Behold the Lamb of God , which taketh away the sin of the world. John i. 29.
-- Lamb's lettuce (Bot.) , an annual plant with small obovate leaves ( Valerianella olitoria ), often used as a salad; corn salad. [Written also lamb lettuce . ] -- Lamb's tongue , a carpenter's plane with a deep narrow bit, for making curved grooves. Knight . -- Lamb's wool . (a) The wool of a lamb. (b) Ale mixed with the pulp of roasted apples; -- probably from the resemblance of the pulp of roasted apples to lamb's wool . [Obs.] Goldsmith .
Lamb <Xpage=825>
Lamb (?) , v. i. [ imp. & p. p. Lambed (?) ; p. pr. & vb. n. Lambing .] To bring forth a lamb or lambs, as sheep.
Lambale <Xpage=825>
Lamb"ale` (?) , n. A feast at the time of shearing lambs.
Lambaste <Xpage=825>
Lam*baste" (?) , v. t. [ Lam + baste to beat.] To beat severely. [Low]
Nares.
Lambative <Xpage=825>
Lam"ba*tive (?) , a. [L. lambere to lick. See Lambent .] Taken by licking with the tongue. "Sirups and lambative medicines."
Sir T. Browne.
Lambative <Xpage=825>
Lam"ba*tive , n. A medicine taken by licking with the tongue; a lincture.
Wiseman.
Lambda <Xpage=825>
Lamb"da (?) , n. [NL., fr. Gr. <?/.] 1. The name of the Greek letter <LAMBDA/, λ, corresponding with the English letter L, l.
2. (Anat.) The point of junction of the sagittal and lambdoid sutures of the skull.
Lambda moth (Zo\'94l.) , a moth so called from a mark on its wings, resembling the Greek letter lambda (<LAMBDA/).
Lambdacism <Xpage=825>
Lamb"da*cism (?) , n. [L. lambdacismus , Gr. <?/, fr. la`mbda the letter lambda (<LAMBDA/).] 1. A fault in speaking or in composition, which consists in too frequent use of the letter l , or in doubling it erroneously.
2. A defect in pronunciation of the letter l when doubled, which consists in giving it a sound as if followed by y , similar to that of the letters lli in billion.
3. The use of the sound of l for that of r in pronunciation; lallation; as, Ame l ican for Ame r ican .
Lambdoid <Xpage=825>
Lamb"doid (?) , a. [Gr. <?/, la`mbda the letter lambda (<LAMBDA/) + e"i^dos shape.] Shaped like the Greek letter lambda (<LAMBDA/); as, the lambdoid suture between the occipital and parietal bones of the skull .
Lambdoidal <Xpage=825>
Lamb*doid"al (?) , a. Same as Lambdoid .
Lambent <Xpage=825>
Lam"bent (?) , a. [L. lambens , -enlis , p. pr. of lambere to lick; akin to lap . See Lap to drink by licking.] 1. Playing on the surface; touching lightly; gliding over. "A lambent flame." Dryden . "A lambent style." Beaconsfield .
2. Twinkling or gleaming; fickering. "The lambent purity of the stars."
W. Irving.
Lambert pine <Xpage=825>
Lam"bert pine` (?) . [So called from Lambert , an English botanist.] (Bot.) The gigantic sugar pine of California and Oregon ( Pinus Lambertiana ). It has the leaves in fives, and cones a foot long. The timber is soft, and like that of the white pine of the Eastern States.
Lambkin <Xpage=825>
Lamb"kin (?) , n. A small lamb.
Lamblike <Xpage=825>
Lamb"like (?) , a. Like a lamb; gentle; meek; inoffensive.
Lamboys <Xpage=825>
Lam"boys (?) , n. pl. [Cf. F. lambeau . Cf. Label .] (Anc. Armor) Same as Base , n. , 19.
Lambrequin <Xpage=825>
Lam"bre*quin (?) , n. [F. Cf. Lamboys , Label .] 1. A kind of pendent scarf or covering attached to the helmet, to protect it from wet or heat.
2. A leather flap hanging from a cuirass.
Wilhelm.
3. A piece of ornament drapery or short decorative hanging, pendent from a shelf or from the casing above a window, hiding the curtain fixtures, or the like.
Lambskin <Xpage=825>
Lamb"skin` (?) , n. 1. The skin of a lamb; especially, a skin dressed with the wool on, and used as a mat. Also used adjectively.
2. A kind of woolen.
Lambskinnet <Xpage=825>
Lamb"skin`net" (?) , n. See Lansquenet .
Lamb's-quarters <Xpage=825>
Lamb's-quar"ters (?) , n. (Bot.) A name given to several plants of the Goosefoot family, sometimes used as pot herbs, as Chenopodium album and Atriplex patulsa .
Lamdoidal <Xpage=825>
Lam*doid"al (?) , a. Lambdoid. [R.]
Lame <Xpage=825>
Lame (?) , a. [ Compar. Lamer (?) ; superl. Lamest .] [OE. lame , AS. lama ; akin to D. lam , G. lahm ,OHG., Dan., & Sw. lam , Icel. lami , Russ. lomate to break, lomota rheumatism.] 1. (a) Moving with pain or difficulty on account of injury, defect, or temporary obstruction of a function; as, a lame leg, arm, or muscle . (b) To some degree disabled by reason of the imperfect action of a limb; crippled; as, a lame man . " Lame of one leg." Arbuthnot . " Lame in both his feet." 2 Sam. ix. 13 . "He fell, and became lame ." 2 Sam. iv. 4 .
2. Hence, hobbling; limping; inefficient; imperfect. "A lame endeavor."
Barrow.
O, most lame and impotent conclusion! Shak.
Lame duck (stock Exchange) , a person who can not fulfill his contracts. [Cant]
<page="826"> Page 826
Lame <Xpage=826>
Lame (?) , v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Lamed (?) ; p. pr. & vb. n. Laming .] To make lame.
If you happen to let child fall and lame it. Swift.
Lamel <Xpage=826>
Lam"el (?) , n. See Lamella .
Lamella <Xpage=826>
La*mel"la (?) , n. ; pl. L. Lamell\'91 (#) , E. Lamellas (#) . [L. lamella , dim. of lamina plate, leaf, layer: cf. F. lamelle . Cf. Lamina , Omelet .] a thin plate or scale of anything, as a thin scale growing from the petals of certain flowers; or one of the thin plates or scales of which certain shells are composed.
Lamellar, a. [Cf. F. lamellaire .] Flat and thin; lamelliform; composed of lamell\'91. -- Lamellarly <Xpage=826>
Lam"el*lar (?) , a. [Cf. F. lamellaire .] Flat and thin; lamelliform; composed of lamell\'91. -- Lam"el*lar*ly , adv. In thin plates or scales.
Lamellary <Xpage=826>
Lam"el*la*ry (?) , a. Of or pertaining to lamella or to lamell\'91; lamellar.
Lamellate, Lamellated <Xpage=826>
Lam"el*late (?) , Lam"el*la`ted (?) , a. [See Lamella .] Composed of, or furnished with, thin plates or scales. See Illust . of Antenn\'91 .
Lamellibranch <Xpage=826>
La*mel"li*branch (?) , n. (Zo\'94l.) One of the Lamellibranchia. Also used adjectively.
Lamellibranchia, Lamellibranchiata <Xpage=826>
La*mel`li*bran"chi*a (?) , La*mel`li*bran`chi*a"ta (?) , n. pl. [NL. See lamella , and Branchia , Branchiate .] (Zo\'94l.) A class of Mollusca including all those that have bivalve shells, as the clams, oysters, mussels, etc.
&hand; They usually have two (rarely but one) flat, lamelliform gills on each side of the body. They have an imperfectly developed head, concealed within the shell, whence they are called Acephala . Called also Conchifera , and Pelecypoda . See Bivalve .
Lamellibranchiate <Xpage=826>
Lam`el*li*bran"chi*ate (?) , a. (Zo\'94l.) Having lamellar gills; belonging to the Lamellibranchia. -- n. One of the Lamellibranchia.
Lamellicorn <Xpage=826>
La*mel"li*corn (?) , a. [ Lamella + L. cornu a horn: cf. F. lamellicorne . See Lamella .] (Zo\'94l.) (a) Having antenn\'91 terminating in a group of flat lamell\'91; -- said of certain coleopterous insects. (b) Terminating in a group of flat lamell\'91; -- said of antenn\'91. -- n. A lamellicorn insect.
Lamellicornia <Xpage=826>
La*mel`li*cor"ni*a (?) , n. pl. [NL. See Lamellicorn .] (Zo\'94l.) A group of lamellicorn, plant-eating beetles; -- called also Lamellicornes .
Lamelliferous <Xpage=826>
Lam`el*lif"er*ous (?) , a. [ Lamella + -ferous : cf. F. lamellif\'8are .] Bearing, or composed of, lamell\'91, or thin layers, plates, or scales; foliated.
Lamelliform <Xpage=826>
La*mel"li*form (?) , a. [ Lamella + -form : cf. F. lamelliforme .] Thin and flat; scalelike; lamellar.
Lamellirostral <Xpage=826>
Lam`el*li*ros"tral (?) , a. [ Lamella + rostral : cf. F. lamellirostre .] (Zo\'94l.) Having a lamellate bill, as ducks and geese.
Lamellirostres <Xpage=826>
La*mel`li*ros"tres (?) , n. pl. [NL. See Lamella , and Rostrum .] (Zo\'94l.) A group of birds embracing the Anseres and flamingoes, in which the bill is lamellate.
Lamellose <Xpage=826>
Lam"el*lose` (?) , a. [Cf. F. lamelleux .] Composed of, or having, lamell\'91; lamelliform.
Lamely <Xpage=826>
Lame"ly (?) , adv. [See Lame .] An a lame, crippled, disabled, or imperfect manner; as, to walk lamely ; a figure lamely drawn.
Lameness <Xpage=826>
Lame"ness , n. The condition or quality of being lame; as, the lameness of an excuse or an argument .
Lament <Xpage=826>
La*ment" (?) , v. i. [F. lamenter , L. lamentari , fr. lamentum a lament.] To express or feel sorrow; to weep or wail; to mourn.
Jeremiah lamented for Josiah. 2 Chron. xxxv. 25.
Ye shall weep and lament , but the world shall rejoice. John xvi. 20.
Lament <Xpage=826>
La*ment" , v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Lamented ; p. pr. & vb. n. Lamenting .] To mourn for; to bemoan; to bewail.
One laughed at follies, one lamented crimes. Dryden.
Syn. -- To deplore; mourn; bewail. See Deplore .
Lament <Xpage=826>
La*ment" , n. [L. lamentum . Cf. Lament , v. ] 1. Grief or sorrow expressed in complaints or cries; lamentation; a wailing; a moaning; a weeping.
Torment, and loud lament , and furious rage. Milton.
2. An elegy or mournful ballad, or the like.
Lamentable <Xpage=826>
Lam"en*ta*ble (?) , a. [L. lamentabilis : cf. F. lamentable .] 1. Mourning; sorrowful; expressing grief; as, a lamentable countenance . " Lamentable eye."
Spenser.
2. Fitted to awaken lament; to be lamented; sorrowful; pitiable; as, a lamentable misfortune, or error . " Lamentable helplessness."
Burke.
3. Miserable; pitiful; paltry; -- in a contemptuous or <?/idiculous sense.
Bp. Stillingfleet.
-- Lam"en*ta*ble*ness , n. -- Lam"en*ta*bly , adv.
Lamentation <Xpage=826>
Lam`en*ta"tion (?) , n. [F. lamentation , L. lamentatio .] 1. The act of bewailing; audible expression of sorrow; wailing; moaning.
In Rama was there a voice heard, lamentation and weeping Matt. ii. 18.
2. pl. (Script.) A book of the Old Testament attributed to the prophet Jeremiah, and taking its name from the nature of its contents.
Lamented <Xpage=826>
La*ment"ed (?) , a. Mourned for; bewailed.
This humble praise, lamented shade ! receive. Pope.
Lamenter <Xpage=826>
La*ment"er (<?/) , n. One who laments.
Lamentin <Xpage=826>
La*men"tin (?) , n. See Lamantin .
Lamenting <Xpage=826>
La*ment"ing (?) , n. Lamentation.
Lamentings heard i' the air. Shak.
Lamentingly <Xpage=826>
La*ment"ing*ly , adv. In a lamenting manner.
Lames <Xpage=826>