Chapter 873

Lacteous <Xpage=823>

Lac"te*ous (?) , a. [See Lacteal .] 1. Milky; resembling milk. "The lacteous circle."

Sir T. Browne.

2. Lacteal; conveying chyle; as, lacteous vessels .

Lacteously <Xpage=823>

Lac"te*ous*ly , adv. In a lacteous manner; after the manner of milk.

Lactescence <Xpage=823>

Lac*tes"cence (?) , n. [Cf. F. lactescence .] 1. The state or quality of producing milk, or milklike juice; resemblance to milk; a milky color.

This lactescence does commonly ensue when . . . fair water is suddenly poured upon the solution. Boyle.

2. (Bot.) The latex of certain plants. See Latex .

Lactescent <Xpage=823>

Lac*tes"cent (?) , a. [L. lactescens , p. pr. of lactescere to turn to milk, incho. fr. lactere to be milky, fr. lac , lactis , milk: cf. F. lactescent .] 1. Having a milky look; becoming milky. [Obs.]

2. (Bot.) Producing milk or a milklike juice or fluid, as the milkweed. See Latex .

Lactic <Xpage=823>

Lac"tic (?) , a. [L. lac , lactis , milk: cf. F. lactique . See Lacteal , and cf. Galactic .] (Physiol. Chem.) Of or pertaining to milk; procured from sour milk or whey; as, lactic acid; lactic fermentation, etc.

Lactic acid (Physiol. Chem.) , a sirupy, colorless fluid, soluble in water, with an intensely sour taste and strong acid reaction. There are at least three isomeric modifications all having the formula C3H6O3 . Sarcolactic or paralactic acid occurs chiefly in dead muscle tissue, while ordinary lactic acid results from fermentation. The two acids are alike in having the same constitution (expressed by the name ethylidene lactic acid ), but the latter is optically inactive, while sarcolactic acid rotates the plane of polarization to the right. The third acid, ethylene lactic acid , accompanies sarcolactic acid in the juice of flesh, and is optically inactive. -- Lactic ferment , an organized ferment ( Bacterium lacticum &or; lactis ), which produces lactic fermentation, decomposing the sugar of milk into carbonic and lactic acids, the latter, of which renders the milk sour, and precipitates the casein, thus giving rise to the so-called spontaneous coagulation of milk. -- Lactic fermentation . See under Fermentation . <-- the three are D-lactic acid, L-lactic acid, and DL-lactic acid, the third being merely an equimolar mixture of the first two. -->

Lactide <Xpage=823>

Lac"tide (?) , n. [ Lac tic + anhydride.] (Chem.) A white, crystalline substance, obtained from also, by extension, any similar substance.

Lactiferous <Xpage=823>

Lac*tif"er*ous (?) , a. [l. lac , lactis , milk + -ferous : cf. F. lactif \'8a re .] Bearing or containing milk or a milky fluid; as, the lactiferous vessels, cells, or tissue of various vascular plants .

Lactific, Lactifical <Xpage=823>

Lac*tif"ic (?) , Lac*tif"ic*al (?) , a. [L. lac , lactis , milk + facere to make.] Producing or yielding milk.

Lactifuge <Xpage=823>

Lac"ti*fuge (?) , n. [L. lac , lactis , milk + fugare to expel.] (Med.) A medicine to check the secretion of milk, or to dispel a supposed accumulation of milk in any part of the body.

Lactim <Xpage=823>

Lac"tim (?) , n. [ Lactic + im ido.] (Chem.) One of a series of anhydrides resembling the lactams, but of an imido type; as, isatine is a lactim . Cf. Lactam .

Lactimide <Xpage=823>

Lac*tim"ide (?) , n. [ Lactic + imide .] (Chem.) A white, crystalline substance obtained as an anhydride of alanine, and regarded as an imido derivative of lactic acid.

Lactin <Xpage=823>

Lac"tin (?) , n. [L. lac , lactis , milk: cf. F. lactine . Cf. Galactin .] (Physiol. Chem.) See Lactose .

Lactoabumin <Xpage=823>

Lac`to*a*bu"min (?) , n. [L. lac , lactis , milk + E. albumin .] (Physiol. Chem.) The albumin present on milk, apparently identical with ordinary serum albumin. It is distinct from the casein of milk.

Lactobutyrometer <Xpage=823>

Lac`to*bu`ty*rom"e*ter (?) , n. [L. lac , lactis , milk + E. butyrometer .] An instrument for determining the amount of butter fat contained in a given sample of milk.

Lactodensimeter <Xpage=823>

Lac`to*den*sim"e*ter (?) , n. [L. lac , lactis , milk + E. densimeter .] A form of hydrometer, specially graduated, for finding the density of milk, and thus discovering whether it has been mixed with water or some of the cream has been removed.

Lactometer <Xpage=823>

Lac*tom"e*ter (?) , n. [L. lac , lactis , milk + meter : cf. F. lactom\'8atre . Cf. Galactometer .] An instrument for estimating the purity or richness of milk, as a measuring glass, a specific gravity bulb, or other apparatus.

Lactone <Xpage=823>

Lac"tone (?) , n. (Chem.) One of a series of organic compounds, regarded as anhydrides of certain hydroxy acids. In general, they are colorless liquids, having a weak aromatic odor. They are so called because the typical lactone is derived from lactic acid.

Lactonic <Xpage=823>

Lac*ton"ic (?) , a. [From Lactone .] (Chem.) Of, pertaining to, or derived from, lactone.

Lactonic <Xpage=823>

Lac*ton"ic , a. [From Lactose .] (Chem.) Pertaining to, or designating, an acid obtained by the oxidation of milk sugar ( lactose ).

Lactoprotein <Xpage=823>

Lac`to*pro"te*in (?) , n. [L. lac , lactis ,milk + E. protein .] (Physiol. Chem.) A peculiar albuminous body considered a normal constituent of milk.

Lactory <Xpage=823>

Lac"to*ry (?) , a. Lactiferous. [Obs.] " Lactory or milky plants."

Sir T. Browne.

Lactoscope <Xpage=823>

Lac"to*scope (?) , n. [L. lac , lactis + scope .] An instrument for estimating the amount of cream contained in milk by ascertaining its relative opacity.

Lactose <Xpage=823>

Lac"tose` (?) , n. 1. (Physiol. Chem.) Sugar of milk or milk sugar; a crystalline sugar present in milk, and separable from the whey by evaporation and crystallization. It has a slightly sweet taste, is dextrorotary, and is much less soluble in water than either cane sugar or glucose. Formerly called lactin .

2. (Chem.) See Galactose .

Lactuca <Xpage=823>

Lac*tu"ca (?) , n. [L., lettuce. See Lettuce .] (Bot.) A genus of composite herbs, several of which are cultivated foe salad; lettuce.

Lactucarium <Xpage=823>

Lac`tu*ca"ri*um (?) , n. [NL., fr. L. lactuca lettuce.] The inspissated juice of the common lettuce, sometimes used as a substitute for opium.

Lactucic <Xpage=823>

Lac*tu"cic (?) , a. (Chem.) Pertaining to, or derived from, the juice of the Lactuca virosa ; -- said of certain acids.

Lactucin <Xpage=823>

Lac*tu"cin (?) , n. [From Lactuca : cf. F. lactucine .] (Chem.) A white, crystalline substance, having a bitter taste and a neutral reaction, and forming one of the essential ingredients of lactucarium.

Lactucone <Xpage=823>

Lac*tu"cone (?) , n. [From Lactuca .] (Chem.) A white, crystalline, tasteless substance, found in the milky sap of species of Lactuca, and constituting an essential ingredient of lactucarium.

Lacturamic <Xpage=823>

Lac`tu*ram"ic (<?/) , a. [ Lactic + urea + amic .] (Chem.) Pertaining to, or designating, an organic amido acid, which is regarded as a derivative of lactic acid and urea.

Lactyl <Xpage=823>

Lac"tyl (?) , n. [ Lactic + -yl .] (Chem.) An organic residue or radical derived from lactic acid.

Lacuna <Xpage=823>

La*cu"na (?) , n. ; pl. L. Lacun\'91 (#) ; E. Lacunas (#) . [L., ditch, pit, lake, orig., anything hollow. See Lagoon .] 1. A small opening; a small pit or depression; a small blank space; a gap or vacancy; a hiatus.

2. (Biol.) A small opening; a small depression or cavity; a space, as a vacant space between the cells of plants, or one of the spaces left among the tissues of the lower animals, which serve in place of vessels for the circulation of the body fluids, or the cavity or sac, usually of very small size, in a mucous membrane.

<page="824"> Page 824

Lacunal, Lacunar <Xpage=824>

La*cu"nal (?) , La*cu"nar (?) , a. Pertaining to, or having, lacun\'91; as, a lacunar circulation .

Lacunar <Xpage=824>

La*cu"nar , n. ; pl. E . Lacunars (#) , L. Lacunaria (#) . [L.] (Arch.) (a) The ceiling or under surface of any part, especially when it consists of compartments, sunk or hollowed without spaces or bands between the panels. Gwilt (b) One of the sunken panels in such a ceiling.

Lacune <Xpage=824>

La*cune" (?) , n. [F.] A lacuna. [R.] Landor .

Lacunose, Lacunous <Xpage=824>

Lac"u*nose` (?) , La*cu"nous (?) , a. [L. lacunosus full of holes or hollows; cf. F. lacuneux . See Lacuna .] (Biol.) Furrowed or pitted; having shallow cavities or lacun\'91; as, a lacunose leaf .

Lacustral, Lacustrine <Xpage=824>

La*cus"tral (?) , La*cus"trine (?) , a. [L. lacus lake: cf. F. lacustral , lacustre .] Found in, or pertaining to, lakes or ponds, or growing in them; as, lacustrine flowers .

Lacustrine deposits (Geol.) , the deposits which have been accumulated in fresh-water areas. -- Lacustrine dwellings . See Lake dwellings , under Lake .

Lacwork <Xpage=824>

Lac"work` (?) , n. Ornamentation by means of lacquer painted or carved, or simply colored, sprinkled with gold or the like; -- said especially of Oriental work of this kind.

Lad <Xpage=824>

Lad (?) , obs. p. p. of Lead , to guide

Chaucer.

Lad <Xpage=824>

Lad (?) , n. [OE. ladde , of Celtic origin; cf. W. <?/awd , Ir. lath . (<?/) . Cf. Lass .] 1. A boy; a youth; a stripling. "Cupid is a knavish lad ."

Shak.

There is a lad here, which hath fire barley loaves and two small fishes. John vi. 9.

2. A companion; a comrade; a mate.

Lad's love . (Bot.) See Boy's love , under Boy .

Ladanum <Xpage=824>

Lad"a*num (?) , n. [L. ladanum , ledanum , Fr. (<?/), (<?/), fr. <?/ name of a shrub, mastic; cf. Per. l\'bedan , l\'beden . Cf. Laudanum .] A gum resin gathered from certain Oriental species of Cistus . It has a pungent odor and is chiefly used in making plasters, and for fumigation. [Written also labdanum .]

Ladde <Xpage=824>

Lad"de (?) , obs. imp. of Lead , to guide.

Chaucer.

Ladder <Xpage=824>

Lad"der (?) , n. [OE. laddre , AS . hl<?/der , hl<?/dder ; akin to OFries. hladder , OHG. leitara , G. leiter , and from the root of E. lean , v. (<?/). See Lean , v. i. , and cf. Climax .] 1. A frame usually portable, of wood, metal, or rope, for ascent and descent, consisting of two side pieces to which are fastened cross strips or rounds forming steps.

Some the engines play, And some, more bold, mount ladders to the fire. Dryden.

2. That which resembles a ladder in form or use; hence, that by means of which one attains to eminence.

Lowliness is young ambition's ladder . Shak.

Fish ladder . See under Fish . -- Ladder beetle (Zo\'94l.) , an American leaf beetle ( Chrysomela scalaris ). The elytra are silvery white, striped and spotted with green; the under wings are rose-colored. It feeds upon the linden tree. -- Ladder handle , an iron rail at the side of a vertical fixed ladder, to grasp with the hand in climbing. -- Ladder shell (Zo\'94l.) , a spiral marine shell of the genus Scalaria. See Scalaria .

Laddie <Xpage=824>

Lad"die (?) , n. A lad; a male sweetheart. [Scot.]

Lade <Xpage=824>

Lade (?) , v. t. [ imp. Laded ; p. p. Laded , Laded (<?/) ; p. pr. & vb. n. Lading .] [AS. hladan to heap, load, draw (water); akin to D. & G. laden to load, OHG. hladan , ladan , Icel. hla<?/a , Sw. ladda , Dan. lade , Goth. afhlapan . Cf. Load , Ladle , Lathe for turning, Last a load.] 1. To load; to put a burden or freight on or in; -- generally followed by that which receives the load, as the direct object.

And they laded their asses with the corn. Gen. xlii. 26.

2. To throw in out. with a ladle or dipper; to dip; as, to lade water out of a tub, or into a cistern .

And chides the sea that sunders him from thence, Saying, he'll lade it dry to have his way. Shak.

3. (Plate Glass Manuf.) To transfer (the molten glass) from the pot to the forming table.

Lade <Xpage=824>

Lade , v. i. [See Lade , v. t. ] 1. To draw water. [Obs.]

2. (Naut.) To admit water by leakage, as a ship, etc.

Lade <Xpage=824>

Lade , n. [Prov. E., a ditch or drain. Cf. Lode , Lead to conduct.] 1. The mouth of a river. [Obs.]

Bp. Gibson.

2. A passage for water; a ditch or drain. [Prov. Eng.]

Lademan <Xpage=824>

Lade"man (?) , n. One who leads a pack horse; a miller's servant. [Obs. or Local]

Laden <Xpage=824>

Lad"en (?) , p. & a. Loaded; freighted; burdened; as, a laden vessel; a laden heart.

Ah sinful nation, a people laden with iniquity. Is. i. 4.

A ship laden with gold. Shak.

Ladied <Xpage=824>

La"died (?) , a. Ladylike; not rough; gentle. [Obs.] "Stroked with a ladied land."

Feltham.

Ladies' eardrops <Xpage=824>

La"dies' ear`drops` (?) . (Bot.) The small-flowered Fuchsia ( F. coccinea ), and other closely related species.

Ladify <Xpage=824>

La"di*fy (?) , v. t. [ Lady + -fy .] To make a lady of; to make ladylike. [Obs.]

Massinger.

Ladin <Xpage=824>

La*din" (?) , n. [From L. Latinus Latin. See Latin ] A Romansch dialect spoken in some parts of Switzerland and the Tyrol.

Lading <Xpage=824>

Lad"ing (?) , n. 1. The act of loading.

2. That which lades or constitutes a load or cargo; freight; burden; as, the lading of a ship .

Bill of lading . See under Bill .

Ladino <Xpage=824>

La*di"no (?) , n. ; pl. Ladinos (#) . [Sp.] One of the half-breed descendants of whites and Indians; a mestizo; -- so called throughout Central America. They are usually of a yellowish orange tinge.

Am. Cyc.

Ladkin <Xpage=824>

Lad"kin (?) , n. A little lad. [R.]

Dr. H. More.

Ladle <Xpage=824>

La"dle (?) , n. [AS. hl\'91del , fr. hladan to load, drain. See Lade , v. t. ] 1. A cuplike spoon, often of large size, with a long handle, used in lading or dipping.

When the materials of glass have been kept long in fusion, the mixture casts up the superfluous salt, which the workmen take off with ladles . Boyle.

2. (Founding) A vessel to carry liquid metal from the furnace to the mold.

3. The float of a mill wheel; -- called also ladle board .

4. (Gun.) (a) An instrument for drawing the charge of a cannon. (b) A ring, with a handle or handles fitted to it, for carrying shot.

Ladle wood (Bot.) , the wood of a South African tree ( Cassine Colpoon ), used for carving.

Ladle <Xpage=824>

La"dle (?) , v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Ladled (?) ; p. pr. & vb. n. Ladling (?) .] To take up and convey in a ladle; to dip with, or as with, a ladle; as, to ladle out soup; to ladle oatmeal into a kettle.

Ladleful <Xpage=824>

La"dle*ful (?) , n. ; pl. Ladlefuls (<?/) . A quantity sufficient to fill a ladle.

Ladrone <Xpage=824>

La*drone" (?) , n. [Sp. ladron , L. latro servant, robber, Gr. (<?/) a servant.] A robber; a pirate; hence, loosely, a rogue or rascal.

Lady <Xpage=824>

La"dy (?) , n. ; pl. Ladies (#) . [OE. ladi , l\'91fdi , AS. hl<?/fdige , hl<?/fdie ; AS. hl\'bef loaf + a root of uncertain origin, possibly akin to E. dairy . See Loaf , and cf. Lord .]

1. A woman who looks after the domestic affairs of a family; a mistress; the female head of a household.

Agar, the handmaiden of Sara, whence comest thou, and whither goest thou? The which answered, Fro the face of Sara my lady . Wyclif (Gen. xvi. 8.).

2. A woman having proprietary rights or authority; mistress; -- a feminine correlative of lord . "Lord or lady of high degree."

Lowell.

Of all these bounds, even from this line to this, . . . We make thee lady . Shak.

3. A woman to whom the particular homage of a knight was paid; a woman to whom one is devoted or bound; a sweetheart.

The soldier here his wasted store supplies, And takes new valor from his lady's eyes. Waller.

4. A woman of social distinction or position. In England, a title prefixed to the name of any woman whose husband is not of lower rank than a baron, or whose father was a nobleman not lower than an earl. The wife of a baronet or knight has the title of Lady by courtesy, but not by right.

5. A woman of refined or gentle manners; a well-bred woman; -- the feminine correlative of gentleman .

6. A wife; -- not now in approved usage.

Goldsmith.

7. (Zo\'94l.) The triturating apparatus in the stomach of a lobster; -- so called from a fancied resemblance to a seated female figure. It consists of calcareous plates.