Chapter 849

2. To make merriment by words or actions; to joke; to make light of anything.

He jests at scars that never felt a wound. Shak.

Syn. -- To joke; sport; rally. -- To Jest , Joke . One jests in order to make others laugh; one jokes to please himself. A jest is usually at the expense of another, and is often ill-natured; a joke is a sportive sally designed to promote good humor without wounding the feelings of its object. " Jests are, therefore, seldom harmless; jokes frequently allowable. The most serious subject may be degraded by being turned into a jest ."

Crabb.

Jester <Xpage=799>

Jest"er , n. [Cf. Gestour .]

1. A buffoon; a merry-andrew; a court fool.

This . . . was Yorick's skull, the king's jester . Shak.

Dressed in the motley garb that jesters wear. Longfellow.

2. A person addicted to jesting, or to indulgence in light and amusing talk.

He ambled up and down With shallow jesters . Shak.

Jestful <Xpage=799>

Jest"ful (?) , a. Given to jesting; full of jokes.

Jesting <Xpage=799>

Jest"ing , a. Sportive; not serious; fit for jests.

He will find that these are no jesting matters. Macaulay .

Jesting <Xpage=799>

Jest"ing , n. The act or practice of making jests; joking; pleasantry.

Eph. v. 4.

Jestingly <Xpage=799>

Jest"ing*ly , adv. In a jesting manner.

Jesuit <Xpage=799>

Jes"u*it (?) , n. [F. J\'82suite , Sp. Jesuita : cf. It. Gesuita .]

1. (R. C. Ch.) One of a religious order founded by Ignatius Loyola, and approved in 1540, under the title of The Society of Jesus.

&hand; The order consists of Scholastics, the Professed, the Spiritual Coadjutors, and the Temporal Coadjutors or Lay Brothers. The Jesuit novice after two years becomes a Scholastic, and takes his first vows of poverty, chastity, and obedience simply. Some years after, at the close of a second novitiate, he takes his second vows and is ranked among the Coadjutors or Professed. The Professed are bound by a fourth vow, from which only the pope can dispense, requiring them to go wherever the pope may send them for missionary duty. The Coadjutors teach in the schools, and are employed in general missionary labors. The Society is governed by a General who holds office for life. He has associated with him "Assistants" (five at the present time), representing different provinces. The Society was first established in the United States in 1807. The Jesuits have displayed in their enterprises a high degree of zeal, learning, and skill, but, by their enemies, have been generally reputed to use art and intrigue in promoting or accomplishing their purposes, whence the words Jesuit , Jesuitical , and the like, have acquired an opprobrious sense.

2. Fig.: A crafty person; an intriguer.

Jesuits' bark , Peruvian bark, or the bark of certain species of Cinchona ; -- so called because its medicinal properties were first made known in Europe by Jesuit missionaries to South America. -- Jesuits' drops . See Friar's balsam , under Friar . -- Jesuits' nut , the European water chestnut. -- Jesuits' powder , powdered cinchona bark. -- Jesuits' tea , a Chilian leguminous shrub, used as a tea and medicinally.

Jesuited <Xpage=799>

Jes"u*it*ed , a. Conforming to the principles of the Jesuits.

Milton.

Jesuitess <Xpage=799>

Jes"u*it*ess , n. [Cf. F. J\'82suitesse .] (R. C. Hist.) One of an order of nuns established on the principles of the Jesuits, but suppressed by Pope Urban in 1633.

Jesuitic, Jesuitical <Xpage=799>

Jes`u*it"ic (?) , Jes`u*it"ic*al (?) , a. [Cf. F. j\'82suitique .]

1. Of or pertaining to the Jesuits, or to their principles and methods.

2. Designing; cunning; deceitful; crafty; -- an opprobrious use of the word.

Dryden.

Jesuitically <Xpage=799>

Jes`u*it"ic*al*ly , adv. In a jesuitical manner.

Jesuitism <Xpage=799>

Jes"u*it*ism (?) , n. [Cf. F. j\'82suitisme .]

1. The principles and practices of the Jesuits.

2. Cunning; deceit; deceptive practices to effect a purpose; subtle argument; -- an opprobrious use of the word.

Jesuitocracy <Xpage=799>

Jes`u*it*oc"ra*cy (?) , n. [ Jesuit + - cracy , as in aristocracy .] Government by Jesuits; also, the whole body of Jesuits in a country. [R.]

C. Kingsley.

Jesuitry <Xpage=799>

Jes"u*it*ry (?) , n. Jesuitism; subtle argument. [R.]

Carlyle.

Jesus <Xpage=799>

Je"sus (?) , n. [L. Jesus , Gr. <?/, from Heb. Y\'82sh<?/a' ; Y\'beh Jehovah + h<?/sh<?/a' to help.] The Savior ; the name of the Son of God as announced by the angel to his parents; the personal name of Our Lord, in distinction from Christ, his official appellation.

Luke i. 31.

Thou shalt call his name Jesus ; for he shall save his people from their sins. Matt. i. 21.

&hand;The form Jesu is often used, esp. in the vocative.

Jesu , do thou my soul receive. Keble.

The Society of Jesus . See Jesuit .

Jet <Xpage=799>

Jet (?) , n. Same as 2d Get . [Obs.]

Chaucer.

Jet <Xpage=799>

Jet , n. [OF. jet , jayet , F. ja\'8bet , jais , L. gagates , fr. Gr. <?/; -- so called from <?/ or <?/, a town and river in Lycia.] [written also jeat , jayet .] (Min.) A variety of lignite, of a very compact texture and velvet black color, susceptible of a good polish, and often wrought into mourning jewelry, toys, buttons, etc. Formerly called also black amber .

Jet ant (Zo\'94l.) , a blackish European ant ( Formica fuliginosa ), which builds its nest of a paperlike material in the trunks of trees.

Jet <Xpage=799>

Jet , n. [F. jet , OF. get , giet , L. jactus a throwing, a throw, fr. jacere to throw. Cf. Abject , Ejaculate , Gist , Jess , Jut .]

1. A shooting forth; a spouting; a spurt; a sudden rush or gush, as of water from a pipe, or of flame from an orifice; also, that which issues in a jet.

2. Drift; scope; range, as of an argument. [Obs.]

3. The sprue of a type, which is broken from it when the type is cold.

Knight.

Jet propeller (Naut.) , a device for propelling vessels by means of a forcible jet of water ejected from the vessel, as by a centrifugal pump. -- Jet pump , a device in which a small jet of steam, air, water, or other fluid, in rapid motion, lifts or otherwise moves, by its impulse, a larger quantity of the fluid with which it mingles.

Jet <Xpage=799>

Jet , v. i. [ imp. & p. p. Jetted (?) ; p. pr. & vb. n. Jetting .] [F. jeter , L. jactare , freq. fr. jacere to throw. See 3d Jet , and cf. Jut .]

1. To strut; to walk with a lofty or haughty gait; to be insolent; to obtrude. [Obs.]

he jets under his advanced plumes! Shak.

To jet upon a prince's right. Shak.

2. To jerk; to jolt; to be shaken. [Obs.]

Wiseman.

3. To shoot forward or out; to project; to jut out.

Jet <Xpage=799>

Jet , v. t. To spout; to emit in a stream or jet.

A dozen angry models jetted steam. Tennyson.

Jet-black <Xpage=799>

Jet"-black` (?) , a. Black as jet; deep black.

Jet d'eau <Xpage=799>

Jet` d'eau" (?) , pl. Jets d'eau (<?/) . [F., a throw of water. See Jet a shooting forth.] A stream of water spouting from a fountain or pipe (especially from one arranged to throw water upward), in a public place or in a garden, for ornament.

Jeterus <Xpage=799>

Jet"e*rus (?) , n. (Bot.) A yellowness of the parts of plants which are normally green; yellows.

Jetsam, Jetson <Xpage=799>

Jet"sam (?) , Jet"son (?) , n. [F. jeter to throw: cf. OF. getaison a throwing. Cf. Flotsam , Jettison .]

1. (Mar. Law) Goods which sink when cast into the sea, and remain under water; -- distinguished from flotsam , goods which float, and ligan , goods which are sunk attached to a buoy.

2. Jettison. See Jettison , 1.

<page="800"> Page 800

<page="800"> Page 800 <-- remainder of previous definition (Jetsam) at top of p. 800 was transferred to the file W700-799 -->

<-- jet set. an international group of wealthy individuals who travel frequently to international resorts. -- the group is not organized, but membership defined solely by frequent travel for pleasure -- [from jet plane, the conveyance used in their travels.] jet-setter a member of the jet set. jet-setting. frequent international travel for pleasure, as contrasted with business. -->

Jetteau <Xpage=800>

Jet"teau (?) , n. See Jet d'eau . [R.]

Addison.

Jettee <Xpage=800>

Jet"tee (?) , n. See Jetty , n.

Burke.

Jetter <Xpage=800>

Jet"ter (?) , n. One who struts; one who bears himself jauntily; a fop. [Obs.]

Palsgrave.

Jettison <Xpage=800>

Jet"ti*son (?) . n. [See Jetsam .]

1. (Mar. Law) The throwing overboard of goods from necessity, in order to lighten a vessel in danger of wreck.

2. See Jetsam , 1.

Jetton <Xpage=800>

Jet"ton (?) , n. [F. jeton .] A metal counter used in playing cards.

Jetty <Xpage=800>

Jet"ty (?) , a. Made of jet, or like jet in color.

The people . . . are of a jetty . Sir T. Browne.

Jetty <Xpage=800>

Jet"ty , n. ; pl. Jetties (#) . [F. jet\'82e a pier, a jetty, a causeway. See Jet a shooting forth, and cf. Jutty .]

1. (Arch.) A part of a building that jets or projects beyond the rest, and overhangs the wall below.

2. A wharf or pier extending from the shore.

3. (Hydraul. Engin.) A structure of wood or stone extended into the sea to influence the current or tide, or to protect a harbor; a mole; as, the Eads system of jetties at the mouth of the Mississippi River .

Jetty ad (Naut.) , a projecting part at the end of a wharf; the front of a wharf whose side forms one of the cheeks of a dock.

Jetty <Xpage=800>

Jet"ty , v. i. To jut out; to project. [Obs.]

Florio.

Jeu d'esprit <Xpage=800>

Jeu" d'es`prit" (?) . [F., play of mind.] A witticism.

Jew <Xpage=800>

Jew (?) , n. [OF. Juis , pl., F. Juif , L. Judaeus , Gr. <?/, fr. <?/ the country of the Jews, Judea, fr. Heb. Y<?/h<?/d\'beh Judah, son of Jacob. Cf. Judaic .] Originally, one belonging to the tribe or kingdom of Judah; after the return from the Babylonish captivity, any member of the new state; a Hebrew; an Israelite.

Jew's frankincense , gum styrax, or benzoin. -- Jew's mallow (Bot.) , an annual herb ( Corchorus olitorius ) cultivated in Syria and Egypt as a pot herb, and in India for its fiber. -- Jew's pitch , asphaltum; bitumen. -- The Wandering Jew , an imaginary personage, who, for his cruelty to the Savior during his passion, is doomed to wander on the earth till Christ's second coming.

Jewbush <Xpage=800>

Jew"bush` (?) , n. (Bot.) A euphorbiaceous shrub of the genus Pedilanthus ( P. tithymaloides ), found in the West Indies, and possessing powerful emetic and drastic qualities.

Jewel <Xpage=800>

Jew"el (?) , n. [OE. juel , jowel , OF. jouel , juel , joiel , F. joyau , dim. of OF. joie joy, jewel, F. joie joy. See Joy .]

1. An ornament of dress usually made of a precious metal, and having enamel or precious stones as a part of its design.

Plate of rare device, and jewels Of rich and exquisite form. Shak.

2. A precious stone; a gem.

Shak.

3. An object regarded with special affection; a precious thing. "Our prince ( jewel of children)."

Shak.

4. A bearing for a pivot a pivot in a watch, formed of a crystal or precious stone, as a ruby.

Jewel block (Naut.) , block at the extremity of a yard, through which the halyard of a studding sail is rove.

Jewel <Xpage=800>

Jew"el , v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Jeweled (?) , or Jewelled ; p. pr. & vb. n. Jeweling , or Jewelling .] To dress, adorn, deck, or supply with jewels, as a dress, a sword hilt, or a watch; to bespangle, as with jewels. <-- Most common p.p. = bejeweled, bejewelled -->

The long gray tufts . . . are jeweled thick with dew. M. Arnold.

Jeweler <Xpage=800>

Jew"el*er (?) , n. [Cf. F. joaillier .] One who makes, or deals in, jewels, precious stones, and similar ornaments. [Written also jeweller .]

Jeweler's gold . See under Gold .

Jewellery <Xpage=800>

Jew"el*ler*y (?) , n. See Jewelry .

Burke.

Jewelry <Xpage=800>

Jew"el*ry (?) , n. [Cf. F. joaillerie .]

1. The art or trade of a jeweler.

Cotgrave.

2. Jewels, collectively; as, a bride's jewelry .

Jewelweed <Xpage=800>

Jew"el*weed` (?) , n. (Bot.) See Impatiens .

Jewess <Xpage=800>

Jew"ess , n. , fem. of Jew . A Hebrew woman.

Jewfish <Xpage=800>

Jew"fish` (?) , n. (Zo\'94l.)

1. A very large serranoid fish ( Promicrops itaiara ) of Florida and the Gulf of Mexico. It often reaches the weight of five hundred pounds. Its color is olivaceous or yellowish, with numerous brown spots. Called also guasa , and warsaw .

2. A similar gigantic fish ( Stereolepis gigas ) of Southern California, valued as a food fish.

3. The black grouper of Florida and Texas.

4. A large herringlike fish; the tarpum.

Jewise <Xpage=800>

Jew*ise" (?) , n. Same as Juise . [Obs.]

Chaucer.

Jewish <Xpage=800>

Jew"ish (?) , a. Of or pertaining to the Jews or Hebrews; characteristic of or resembling the Jews or their customs; Israelitish. -- Jew"ish*ly , adv. -- Jew"ish*ness , n.

Jewry <Xpage=800>

Jew"ry (?) , n. [OE. Jewerie , OF. Juierie , F. Juiverie .] Judea; also, a district inhabited by Jews; a Jews' quarter.

Chaucer.

Teaching throughout all Jewry . Luke xxiii. 5.

Jew's-ear <Xpage=800>

Jew's"-ear` (?) , n. (Bot.) A species of fungus ( Hirneola Auricula-Jud\'91, &or; Auricula ), bearing some resemblance to the human ear.

Jew's-harp <Xpage=800>

Jew's-harp` (?) , n. [ Jew + harp ; or possibly a corrupt. of jaw's harp ; cf. G. maultrommel , lit., mouthdrum.]</ety

1. An instrument of music, which, when placed between the teeth, gives, by means of a bent metal tongue struck by the finger, a sound which is modulated by the breath; -- called also Jew's-trump .

2. (Naut.) The shackle for joining a chain cable to an anchor.

Jew's-stone, Jewstone <Xpage=800>

Jew's-stone` (?) , Jew"stone` (?) , n. (Paleon.) A large clavate spine of a fossil sea urchin.

Jezebel <Xpage=800>

Jez"e*bel (?) , n. [From Jezebel , Heb. Izebel , the wife of Ahab king of Israel.] A bold, vicious woman; a termagant.

Spectator.

Jharal <Xpage=800>

Jha"ral (?) , n. [Native name.] (Zo\'94l.) A wild goat ( Capra Jemlaica ) which inhabits the loftiest mountains of India. It has long, coarse hair, forming a thick mane on its head and neck.

Jib <Xpage=800>

Jib (?) , n. [Named from its shifting from side to side. See Jib , v. i. ., Jibe .]

1. (Naut.) A triangular sail set upon a stay or halyard extending from the foremast or fore-topmast to the bowsprit or the jib boom. Large vessels often carry several jibe; as, inner jib ; outer jib ; flying jib ; etc.

2. (Mach.) The projecting arm of a crane, from which the load is suspended.

Jib boom (Naut.) , a spar or boom which serves as an extension of the bowsprit. It is sometimes extended by another spar called the flying jib boom . [Written also gib boom .] -- Jib crane (Mach.) , a crane having a horizontal jib on which a trolley moves, bearing the load. -- Jib door (Arch.) , a door made flush with the wall, without dressings or moldings; a disguised door. -- Jib header (Naut.) , a gaff-topsail, shaped like a jib; a jib-headed topsail. -- Jib topsail (Naut.) , a small jib set above and outside of all the other jibs. -- The cut of one's jib , one's outward appearance. [Colloq.]

Sir W. Scott.

Jib <Xpage=800>

Jib (?) , v. i. [Connected with jibe ; cf. OF. giber to shake.] To move restively backward or sidewise, -- said of a horse; to balk. [Written also jibb .] [Eng.]

Jibber <Xpage=800>

Jib"ber (?) , n. A horse that jibs. [Eng.]

Jibe <Xpage=800>

Jibe (?) , v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Jibed (?) ; p. pr. & vb. n. Jibing (?) .] [Cf. Dan. gibbe , D. gijpen , v. i. , and dial. Sw. gippa to jerk. Cf. Jib , n. & v. i. ] (Naut.) To shift, as the boom of a fore-and-aft sail, from one side of a vessel to the other when the wind is aft or on the quarter. See Gybe .

Jibe <Xpage=800>

Jibe , v. i. 1. (Naut.) To change a ship's course so as to cause a shifting of the boom. See Jibe , v. t. , and Gybe .

2. To agree; to harmonize. [Colloq.]

Bartlett.

Jiffy <Xpage=800>

Jif"fy (?) , n. [Perh. corrupt. fr. gliff .] [Written also giffy .] A moment; an instant; as, I will be ready in a jiffy . [Colloq.]

J. & H. Smith.

Jig <Xpage=800>

Jig (?) , n. [OF. gigue a stringed instrument, a kind of dance, F. gigue dance, tune, gig; of German origin; cf. MHG. g\'c6ge fiddle, G. geige . Cf. Gig a fiddle, Gig a whirligig.]

1. (Mus.) A light, brisk musical movement.

Hot and hasty, like a Scotch jib . Shak.

3. A light, humorous piece of writing, esp. in rhyme; a farce in verse; a ballad. [Obs.]

A jig shall be clapped at, and every rhyme Praised and applauded. Beau. & Fl.

4. A piece of sport; a trick; a prank. [Obs.]

Is't not a fine jig , A precious cunning, in the late Protector? Beau & Fl.

5. A trolling bait, consisting of a bright spoon and a hook attached.