Chapter 741

Hol"low , v. t. To urge or call by shouting.

He has hollowed the hounds. Sir W. Scott.

Hollow-hearted <Xpage=699>

Hol"low-heart`ed (?) , a. Insincere; deceitful; not sound and true; having a cavity or decayed spot within.

Syn. -- Faithless; dishonest; false; treacherous.

Hollow-horned <Xpage=699>

Hol"low-horned` (?) , a. (Zo\'94l.) Having permanent horns with a bony core, as cattle.

Hollowly <Xpage=699>

Hol"low*ly , adv. Insincerely; deceitfully.

Shak.

Hollowness <Xpage=699>

Hol"low*ness , n. 1. State of being hollow.

Bacon.

2. Insincerity; unsoundness; treachery.

South.

Holly <Xpage=699>

Hol"ly (?) , adv. Wholly. [Obs.]

Chaucer.

Holly <Xpage=699>

Hol"ly (?) , n. [OE holi , holin , AS. holen , holegn ; akin to D. & G. hulst , OHG. huls hulis , W. celyn , Armor. kelen , Gael. cuilionn , Ir. cuileann . Cf. 1st Holm , Hulver .] 1. (Bot.) A tree or shrub of the genus Ilex . The European species ( Ilex Aguifolium ) is best known, having glossy green leaves, with a spiny, waved edge, and bearing berries that turn red or yellow about Michaelmas.

&hand; The holly is much used to adorn churches and houses, at Christmas time, and hence is associated with scenes of good will and rejoicing. It is an evergreen tree, and has a finegrained, heavy, white wood. Its bark is used as a febrifuge, and the berries are violently purgative and emetic. The American holly is the Ilex opaca , and is found along the coast of the United States, from Maine southward.

Gray.

2. (Bot.) The holm oak. See 1st Holm .

Holly-leaved oak (Bot.) , the black scrub oak. See Scrub oak . -- Holly rose (Bot.) , a West Indian shrub, with showy, yellow flowers ( Turnera ulmifolia ). -- Sea holly (Bot.) , a species of Eryngium. See Eryngium .

Hollyhock <Xpage=699>

Hol"ly*hock (?) , n. [OE. holihoc ; holi holy + hoc mallow, AS. hoc ; cf. W. hocys mallows, hocys bendigaid hollyhock, lit., blessed mallow. Prob. so named because brought from the Holy Land. See Holy .] (Bot.) A species of Alth\'91a ( A. rosea ), bearing flowers of various colors; -- called also rose mallow .

Holm <Xpage=699>

Holm (?) , n. [OE., prob. from AS. holen holly; as the holly is also called holm . See Holly .] (Bot.) A common evergreen oak, of Europe ( Quercus Ilex ); -- called also ilex , and holly .

Holm <Xpage=699>

Holm (?) , n. [AS. holm , usually meaning, sea, water; akin to Icel. h&omac;lmr , holmr , an island, Dan. holm , Sw. holme , G. holm , and prob. to E. hill . Cf. Hill .]

1. An islet in a river.

J. Brand.

2. Low, flat land.

Wordsworth.

The soft wind blowing over meadowy holms . Tennyson.

Holm thrush (Zo\'94l.) , the missel thrush.

Holmia <Xpage=699>

Hol"mi*a (?) , n. [NL.] (Chem.) An oxide of holmium.

Holmium <Xpage=699>

Hol"mi*um (?) , n. [NL., of uncertain origin.] (Chem.) A rare element said to be contained in gadolinite. -- Hol"mic (#) , a.

Holmos <Xpage=699>

Hol"mos (?) , n. [NL., fr. Gr.<?/.] (Greek & Etrus. Antiq.) A name given to a vase having a rounded body ; esp.: (a) A closed vessel of nearly spherical form on a high stem or pedestal . Fairholt . (b) A drinking cup having a foot and stem.

Holo- <Xpage=699>

Hol"o- (?) . A combining form fr. Gr. "o`los whole.

Holoblast <Xpage=699>

Hol"o*blast (?) , n. [ Holo + -blast .] (Biol.) an ovum composed entirely of germinal matter. See Meroblast .

Holoblastic <Xpage=699>

Hol`o*blas"tic (?) , a. (Biol.) Undergoing complete segmentation; composed entirely of germinal matter, the whole of the yolk undergoing fission; -- opposed to meroblastic .

Holocaust <Xpage=699>

Hol"o*caust (?) , n. [L. holocaustum , Gr. <?/, neut. of <?/, <?/, burnt whole; "o'los whole + kaysto`s burnt, fr. kai`ein to burn (cf. Caustic ): cf. F. holocauste .] 1. A burnt sacrifice; an offering, the whole of which was consumed by fire, among the Jews and some pagan nations.

Milton.

2. Sacrifice or loss of many lives, as by the burning of a theater or a ship. [An extended use not authorized by careful writers.]

Holocephali <Xpage=699>

Hol`o*ceph"a*li (?) , n. pl. [NL., from Gr. "o`los whole + <?/ head.] (Zo\'94l.) An order of elasmobranch fishes, including, among living species, only the chim\'91ras; -- called also Holocephala . See Chim\'91ra ; also Illustration in Appendix.

Holocryptic <Xpage=699>

Hol`o*cryp"tic (?) , a. [ Holo -+ Gr . <?/ to conceal.] Wholly or completely concealing; incapable of being deciphered.

Holocryptic cipher , a cipher so constructed as to afford no clew to its meaning to one ignorant of the key.

Holocrystalline <Xpage=699>

Hol`o*crys"tal*line (?) , a. [ Holo + crystalline .] (Min.) Completely crystalline; -- said of a rock like granite, all the constituents of which are crystalline.

<-- hologram. n. a photographic image giving the observer a seemingly three-dimensional view of the represented object. The three-dimensional effect is produced by exposing a photographic recording medium to an interference pattern generated by a coherent beam of light (as from a laser) reflected from the subject, interacting with a beam directly from the source. The full three-dimensional effect requires illumination of the image with coherent light, but less perfect three-dimensional effects may also be observed when the hologram is illuminated with white light. -->

Holograph <Xpage=699>

Hol"o*graph (?) , n. [L. holographus entirely autograph, Gr. "olo`grafos ; "o`los whole + gra`fein to write: cf. F. holographe , olographe .] A document, as a letter, deed, or will, wholly in the handwriting of the person from whom it proceeds and whose act it purports to be.

Holographic <Xpage=699>

Hol`o*graph"ic (?) , a. Of the nature of a holograph; pertaining to holographs.

Holohedral <Xpage=699>

Hol`o*he"dral (?) , a. [ Holo + Gr.<?/ seat, base, fr. <?/ to sit.] (Crystallog.) Having all the planes required by complete symmetry, -- in opposition to hemihedral .

Holohemihedral <Xpage=699>

Hol`o*hem`i*he"dral (?) , a. [ Holo- + hemihedral .] (Crystallog.) Presenting hemihedral forms, in which all the sectants have halt the whole number of planes.

Dana.

Holometabola <Xpage=699>

Hol`o*me*tab"o*la (?) , n. pl. [NL. See Holo- , and Metabola .] (Zo\'94l.) Those insects which have a complete metamorphosis; metabola.

Holometabolic <Xpage=699>

Hol`o*met`a*bol"ic (?) , a. (Zo\'94l.) Having a complete metamorphosis;-said of certain insects, as the butterflies and bees.

Holometer <Xpage=699>

Ho*lom"e*ter (?) , n. [ Holo + -meter : cf. F. holometre .] An instrument for making of angular measurements.

Holophanerous <Xpage=699>

Hol`o*phan"er*ous (?) , a. [ Holo + Gr. <?/ visible, fr. <?/ to appear.] (Zo\'94l.) Same as Holometabolic .

Holophotal <Xpage=699>

Hol`o*pho"tal (?) , a. [ Holo + Gr. <?/, <?/, light.] (Opt.) Causing no loss of light; -- applied to reflectors which throw back the rays of light without perceptible loss.

Holophote <Xpage=699>

Hol"o*phote (?) , n. A lamp with lenses or reflectors to collect the rays of light and throw them in a given direction; -- used in lighthouses.

Holophrastic <Xpage=699>

Hol`o*phras"tic (?) , a. [ Holo + Gr. <?/ to speak: cf. F. holophrastique .] Expressing a phrase or sentence in a single word, -- as is the case in the aboriginal languages of America.

Holophytic <Xpage=699>

Hol`o*phyt"ic (?) , a. [ Holo + Gr.<?/ a plant.] Wholly or distinctively vegetable.

Holophytic nutrition (<?/) , that form of nutrition, characteristic of vegetable organisms, in which carbonic acid, ammonia, and nitrates are absorbed as food, in distinction from the animal mode of nutrition, by the ingestion of albuminous matter.

Holorhinal <Xpage=699>

Hol`o*rhi"nal (?) , a. [ Holo + Gr.<?/, nose.] (Anat.) Having the nasal bones contiguous.

Holosiderite <Xpage=699>

Hol`o*sid"er*ite (?) , n. [ Holo + siderite .] (Min.) Meteoric iron; a meteorite consisting of metallic iron without stony matter.

Holostean <Xpage=699>

Ho*los"te*an (?) , a. (Zo\'94l.) Pertaining to the Holostei.

Holostei <Xpage=699>

Ho*los"te*i (?) , n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. "o`los whole + <?/ a bone.] (Zo\'94l.) An extensive division of ganoids, including the gar pike, bowfin, etc.; the bony ganoids. See Illustration in Appendix.

Holosteric <Xpage=699>

Hol`o*ster"ic (?) , a. [ Holo + Gr. stereo`s solid.] Wholly solid; -- said of a barometer constructed of solid materials to show the variations of atmospheric pressure without the use of liquids, as the aneroid.

Holostomata <Xpage=699>

Hol`o*stom"a*ta (?) , n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. "o`los whole + sto`ma , -atos , mouth.] (Zo\'94l.) An artificial division of gastropods, including those that have an entire aperture.

Holostomate <Xpage=699>

Ho*los"to*mate (?) , a. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Holostomatous .

Holostomatous <Xpage=699>

Hol`o*stom"a*tous (?) , a. (Zo\'94l.) Having an entire aperture; -- said of many univalve shells.

Holostome <Xpage=699>

Hol"o*stome (?) , n. [ Holo + Gr. sto`ma mouth.] (Zo\'94l.) One of the Holostomata.

Holostraca <Xpage=699>

Ho*los"tra*ca (?) , n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. <?/ whole + <?/ shell of a testacean.] (Zo\'94l.) A division of phyllopod Crustacea, including those that are entirely covered by a bivalve shell.

Holothure <Xpage=699>

Hol"o*thure (?) , n. [L. holothuria , pl., a sort of water polyp, Gr. <?/.] (Zo\'94l.) A holothurian.

Holothurian <Xpage=699>

Hol`o*thu"ri*an (?) , a. (<?/) Belonging to the Holothurioidea. -- n. One of the Holothurioidea.

&hand; Some of the species of Holothurians are called sea cucumbers , sea slugs , trepang , and b\'88che de m\'8ar . Many are used as food, esp. by the Chinese. See Trepang .

Holothurioidea <Xpage=699>

Hol`o*thu`ri*oi"de*a (?) , n. pl. [NL. See Holothure , and -oid .] (Zo\'94l.) One of the classes of echinoderms. They have a more or less elongated body, often flattened beneath, and a circle of tentacles, which are usually much branched, surrounding the mouth; the skin is more or less flexible, and usually contains calcareous plates of various characteristic forms, sometimes becoming large and scalelike. Most of the species have five bands (ambulacra) of sucker-bearing feet along the sides; in others these are lacking. In one group (Pneumonophora) two branching internal gills are developed; in another (Apneumona) these are wanting. Called also Holothurida , Holothuridea , and Holothuroidea .

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Holotricha <Xpage=<-- p. 700 first paragraph, a portion of one starting on p. 699,>

Ho*lot"ri*cha (?) , n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr.<?/ whole + <?/, <?/, a hair.] (Zo\'94l.) A group of ciliated Infusoria, having cilia all over the body.

Holour <Xpage=<-- p. 700 first paragraph, a portion of one starting on p. 699,>

Hol"our (?) , n. [OF. holier .] A whoremonger. [Obs.]

Chaucer.

Holp, Holpen <Xpage=<-- p. 700 first paragraph, a portion of one starting on p. 699,>

Holp (?) , Hol"pen (?) , imp. & p. p. of Help . [Obs.]

Shak.

Holsom <Xpage=<-- p. 700 first paragraph, a portion of one starting on p. 699,>

Hol"som (?) , a. Wholesome. [Obs.]

Chaucer.

Holster <Xpage=<-- p. 700 first paragraph, a portion of one starting on p. 699,>

Hol"ster (?) , n. [D. holster ; skin to AS. heolstor den, cave, fr. helan to conceal, and to Icel. hulstr case, Goth. hulistr covering, veil, huljan to cover. &root;17. See Hele to cover, Hell , and cf. Housing , Houss .] A leather case for a pistol, carried by a horseman at the bow of his saddle<--, or worn on the person suspended from a belt-->.

Holstered <Xpage=<-- p. 700 first paragraph, a portion of one starting on p. 699,>

Hol"stered (?) , a. Bearing holsters.

Byron.

Holt <Xpage=<-- p. 700 first paragraph, a portion of one starting on p. 699,>

Holt (?) , 3d pers. sing. pres. of Hold , contr. from holdeth . [Obs.]

Chaucer.

Holt <Xpage=<-- p. 700 first paragraph, a portion of one starting on p. 699,>

Holt , n. [AS. holt ; akin to LG. holt , D. hout , G. holz . Icel. holt ; cf Gael. & Ir. coill wood, Gr. <?/ branch, shoot.] 1. A piece of woodland; especially, a woody hill. "Every holt and heath."

Chaucer.

She sent her voice though all the holt Before her, and the park. Tennyson.

2. A deep hole in a river where there is protection for fish; also, a cover, a hole, or hiding place. " The fox has gone to holt ."

C. Kingsley.

Holwe <Xpage=<-- p. 700 first paragraph, a portion of one starting on p. 699,>

Hol"we (?) , a. Hollow. [Obs.]

Chaucer.

Holy <Xpage=<-- p. 700 first paragraph, a portion of one starting on p. 699,>

Ho"ly (?) , a. [ Compar. Holier (?) ; superl. Holiest .] [OE. holi , hali , AS. h\'belig , fr. h\'91l health, salvation, happiness, fr. h\'bel whole, well; akin to OS. h<?/lag , D. & G. heilig , OHG. heilac , Dan. hellig , Sw. helig , Icel. heilagr . See Whole , and cf. Halibut , Halidom , Hallow , Hollyhock .] 1. Set apart to the service or worship of God; hallowed; sacred; reserved from profane or common use; holy vessels; a holy priesthood. " Holy rites and solemn feasts."

Milton.

2. Spiritually whole or sound; of unimpaired innocence and virtue; free from sinful affections; pure in heart; godly; pious; irreproachable; guiltless; acceptable to God.

Now through her round of holy thought The Church our annual steps has brought. Keble.

Holy Alliance (Hist.) , a league ostensibly for conserving religion, justice, and peace in Europe, but really for repressing popular tendencies toward constitutional government, entered into by Alexander I. of Russia, Francis I. of Austria, and Frederic William III. of Prussia, at Paris, on the 26th of September, 1815, and subsequently joined by all the sovereigns of Europe, except the pope and the king of England. -- Holy bark . See Cascara sagrada . -- Holy Communion . See Eucharist . -- Holy family (Art) , a picture in which the infant Christ, his parents, and others of his family are represented. -- Holy Father , a title of the pope. -- Holy Ghost (Theol.) , the third person of the Trinity; the Comforter; the Paraclete. -- Holy Grail . See Grail . -- Holy grass (Bot.) , a sweet-scented grass ( Hierochloa borealis and H. alpina ). In the north of Europe it was formerly strewed before church doors on saints' days; whence the name. It is common in the northern and western parts of the United States. Called also vanilla, &or; Seneca, grass . -- Holy Innocents' day , Childermas day. -- Holy Land , Palestine, the birthplace of Christianity. -- Holy office , the Inquisition. -- Holy of holies (Script.) , the innermost apartment of the Jewish tabernacle or temple, where the ark was kept, and where no person entered, except the high priest once a year. -- Holy One . (a) The Supreme Being; -- so called by way of emphasis. " The Holy One of Israel." Is. xliii. 14 . (b) One separated to the service of God. -- Holy orders . See Order . -- Holy rood , the cross or crucifix, particularly one placed, in churches. over the entrance to the chancel. -- Holy rope , a plant, the hemp agrimony. -- Holy Saturday (Eccl.) , the Saturday immediately preceding the festival of Easter; the vigil of Easter. -- Holy Spirit , same as Holy Ghost (above). -- Holy Spirit plant . See Dove plant . -- Holy thistle (Bot.) , the blessed thistle. See under Thistle . -- Holy Thursday . (Eccl.) (a) (Episcopal Ch.) Ascension day. (b) (R. C. Ch.) The Thursday in Holy Week; Maundy Thursday. -- Holy war , a crusade; an expedition carried on by Christians against the Saracens in the Holy Land, in the eleventh, twelfth, and thirteenth centuries, for the possession of the holy places. -- Holy water (Gr. & R. C. Churches) , water which has been blessed by the priest for sacred purposes. -- Holy-water stoup , the stone stoup or font placed near the entrance of a church, as a receptacle for holy water. -- Holy Week (Eccl.) , the week before Easter, in which the passion of our Savior is commemorated. -- Holy writ , the sacred Scriptures. " Word of holy writ ." Wordsworth .

Holy cross <Xpage=<-- p. 700 first paragraph, a portion of one starting on p. 699,>

Ho"ly cross" (?; 115) . The cross as the symbol of Christ's crucifixion.

Congregation of the Holy Cross (R. C. Ch.) , a community of lay brothers and priests, in France and the United States, engaged chiefly in teaching and manual Labor. Originally called Brethren of St. Joseph . The Sisters of the Holy Cross engage in similar work. Addis & Arnold . -- Holy-cross day , the fourteenth of September, observed as a church festival, in memory of the exaltation of our Savior's cross.

Holyday <Xpage=<-- p. 700 first paragraph, a portion of one starting on p. 699,>

Ho"ly*day` (?) , n. 1. A religious festival.

2. A secular festival; a holiday.

&hand; Holiday is the preferable and prevailing spelling in the second sense. The spelling holy day or holyday in often used in the first sense.

Holystone <Xpage=<-- p. 700 first paragraph, a portion of one starting on p. 699,>

Ho"ly*stone` (?) , n. (Naut.) A stone used by seamen for scrubbing the decks of ships.

Totten.

Holystone <Xpage=<-- p. 700 first paragraph, a portion of one starting on p. 699,>