The Gutenberg Webster's Unabridged Dictionary
Chapter 671
Glycocholic <Xpage=633>
Gly`co*chol"ic (?) , a. (Physiol. Chem.) Pertaining to, or composed of, glycocoll and cholic acid.
Glycocholic acid (Physiol. Chem.) , a conjugate acid, composed of glycocoll and cholic acid, present in bile in the form of a sodium salt. The acid commonly forms a resinous mass, but can be crystallized in long, white needles.
Glycocin <Xpage=633>
Gly"co*cin (?) , n. [ Glycoc oll + -in .] (Physiol. Chem.) Same as Glycocoll .
Glycocoll <Xpage=633>
Gly"co*coll (?) , n. [Gr. glyky`s sweet + ko`lla glue.] (Physiol. Chem.) A crystalline, nitrogenous substance, with a sweet taste, formed from hippuric acid by boiling with hydrochloric acid, and present in bile united with cholic acid. It is also formed from gelatin by decomposition with acids. Chemically, it is amido-acetic acid. Called also glycin , and glycocin .
Glycogen <Xpage=633>
Gly"co*gen (?) , n. [Gr. <?/ sweet + -gen : cf. F. glycog\'8ane .] (Physiol. Chem.) A white, amorphous, tasteless substance resembling starch, soluble in water to an opalescent fluid. It is found abundantly in the liver of most animals, and in small quantity in other organs and tissues, particularly in the embryo. It is quickly changed into sugar when boiled with dilute sulphuric or hydrochloric acid, and also by the action of amylolytic ferments. <-- polysaccharide, used as a sugar storage substance in animals -->
Glycogenic <Xpage=633>
Gly`co*gen"ic (?) , a. Pertaining to, or caused by, glycogen; as, the glycogenic function of the liver .
Glycogeny, Glycogenesis <Xpage=633>
Gly*cog"e*ny (?) , Gly`co*gen"e*sis (?) , n. (Physiol.) The production or formation of sugar from gycogen, as in the liver.
Glycol <Xpage=633>
Gly"col (?) , n. [ Glycerin + -ol . See Glycerin .] (Chem.) (a) A thick, colorless liquid, C2H4(OH)2 , of a sweetish taste, produced artificially from certain ethylene compounds. It is a diacid alcohol, intermediate between ordinary ethyl alcohol and glycerin. <-- usu. called ethylene glycol --> (b) Any one of the large class of diacid alcohols, of which glycol proper is the type.<-- diol -->
Glycolic <Xpage=633>
Gly*col"ic (?) , a. (Chem.) Pertaining to, or derived from, glycol; as, glycolic ether; glycolic acid.
Glycolic acid (Chem.) , an organic acid, found naturally in unripe grapes and in the leaves of the wild grape ( Ampelopsis quinquefolia ), and produced artificially in many ways, as by the oxidation of glycol , -- whence its name. It is a sirupy, or white crystalline, substance, HO.CH2.CO2H , has the properties both of an alcohol and an acid, and is a type of the hydroxy acids; -- called also hydroxyacetic acid .
Glycolide <Xpage=633>
Gly"co*lide (?) , n. [ Glycol + anhydr ide .] (Chem.) A white amorphous powder, C4H4O , obtained by heating and dehydrating glycolic acid. [Written also glycollide .]
Glycoluric <Xpage=633>
Gly`co*lu"ric (?) , a. [ Glycol + uric .] (Chem.) Pertaining to, derived from, glycol and urea; as, glycoluric acid, which is called also hydantoic acid .
Glycoluril <Xpage=633>
Gly`co*lu"ril (?) , n. [ Glycol yl + ur ic.] (Chem.) A white, crystalline, nitrogenous substance, obtained by the reduction of allanto\'8bn.
Glycolyl <Xpage=633>
Gly"co*lyl (?) , n. [ Glycol ic + -yl .] (Chem.) A divalent, compound radical, CO.CH2 , regarded as the essential radical of glycolic acid, and a large series of related compounds.
Glyconian <Xpage=633>
Gly*co"ni*an (?) , a. & n. Glyconic.
Glyconic <Xpage=633>
Gly*con"ic (?) , a. [Gr. <?/ a kind of verse, so called from its inventor, Glycon .] (Pros.) Consisting of a spondee, a choriamb, and a pyrrhic; -- applied to a kind of verse in Greek and Latin poetry. -- n. (Pros.) A glyconic verse.
Glyconin <Xpage=633>
Gly"co*nin (?) , n. An emulsion of glycerin and the yolk of eggs, used as an ointment, as a vehicle for medicines, etc.
Glycosine <Xpage=633>
Gly"co*sine (?) , n. (Chem.) An organic base, C6H6N4 , produced artificially as a white, crystalline powder, by the action of ammonia on glyoxal.
Glycosuria <Xpage=633>
Gly`co*su"ri*a (?) , n. (Med.) Same as Gluoosuria .
Glycyrrhiza <Xpage=633>
Glyc`yr*rhi"za (?) , n. [L., fr. Gr. <?/; <?/ sweet + <?/ root. Cf. Licorice .]
1. (Bot.) A genus of papilionaceous herbaceous plants, one species of which ( G. glabra ), is the licorice plant, the roots of which have a bittersweet mucilaginous taste.
2. (Med.) The root of Glycyrrhiza glabra (liquorice root), used as a demulcent, etc.
Glycyrrhizimic <Xpage=633>
Glyc`yr*rhi*zim"ic (?) , a. (Chem.) From, or pertaining to, glycyrrhizin; as, glycyrrhizimic acid .
Glycyrrhizin <Xpage=633>
Gly*cyr"rhi*zin (?) , n. [Cf. F. glycyrrhizine . See Glycyrrhiza .] (Chem.) A glucoside found in licorice root ( Glycyrrhiza ), in monesia bark ( Chrysophyllum ), in the root of the walnut, etc., and extracted as a yellow, amorphous powder, of a bittersweet taste.
Glyn, Glynne <Xpage=633>
Glyn , Glynne (?) , n. A glen. See Glen . [ Obs. singly, but occurring often in locative names in Ireland, as Glen does in Scotland.]
He could not beat out the Irish, yet he did shut them up within those narrow corners and glyns under the mountain's foot. Spenser.
Glyoxal <Xpage=633>
Gly*ox"al (?) , n. [ Gly col + ox alic + al dehyde.] (Chem.) A white, amorphous, deliquescent powder, (CO.H)2 , obtained by the partial oxidation of glycol. It is a double aldehyde, between glycol and oxalic acid.
Glyoxalic <Xpage=633>
Gly`ox*al"ic (?) , a. (Chem.) Pertaining to, or designating, an aldehyde acid, intermediate between glycol and oxalic acid. [Written also glyoxylic .]
Glyoxaline <Xpage=633>
Gly*ox"a*line (?) , n. (Chem.) A white, crystalline, organic base, C3H4N2 , produced by the action of ammonia on glyoxal, and forming the origin of a large class of derivatives hence, any one of the series of which glyoxaline is a type; -- called also oxaline .
Glyoxime <Xpage=633>
Gly*ox"ime (?) , n. [ Gly oxal + oxime .] (Chem.) A white, crystalline, nitrogenous substance, produced by the action of hydroxylamine on glyoxal, and belonging to the class of oximes ; also, any one of a group of substances resembling glyoxime proper, and of which it is a type. See Oxime .
Glyph <Xpage=633>
Glyph (?) , n. [Gr. <?/ carving, fr. <?/ to carve: cf. F. glyphe . Cf. Cleave to split.] (Arch.) A sunken channel or groove, usually vertical. See Triglyph .
Glyphic <Xpage=633>
Glyph"ic (?) , a. [Gr. <?/ of or for carving.] (Fine Arts) Of or pertaining to sculpture or carving of any sort, esp. to glyphs.
Glyphograph <Xpage=633>
Glyph"o*graph (?) , n. A plate made by glyphography, or an impression taken from such a plate.
Glyphographic <Xpage=633>
Glyph`o*graph"ic (?) , a. Of or pertaining to glyphography.
Glyphography <Xpage=633>
Gly*phog"ra*phy (?) , n. [Gr. <?/ to engrave + -graphy .] A process similar to etching, in which, by means of voltaic electricity, a raised copy of a drawing is made, so that it can be used to print from.
Glyptic <Xpage=633>
Glyp"tic (?) , a. [See Glyph .]
1. Of or pertaining to gem engraving.
2. (Min.) Figured; marked as with figures.
Glyptics <Xpage=633>
Glyp"tics (?) , n. [Cf. F. glyptique . See Glyph .] The art of engraving on precious stones.
Glyptodon <Xpage=633>
Glyp"to*don (?) , n. [Gr. <?/ carved, engraved + <?/, <?/, tooth. See Glyph .] (Paleon.) An extinct South American quaternary mammal, allied to the armadillos. It was as large as an ox, was covered with tessellated scales, and had fluted teeth.
Owen.
<page="634"> Page 634
Glyptodont <Xpage=634>
Glyp"to*dont (?) , n. (Paleon.) One of a family ( glyptodontid\'91 ) of extinct South American edentates, of which Glyptodon is the type. About twenty species are known.
Glyptographic <Xpage=634>
Glyp`to*graph"ic (?) , a. [Cf. F. glyptographique .] Relating to glyptography, or the art of engraving on precious stones. [R.]
Glyptography <Xpage=634>
Glyp*tog"ra*phy (?) , n. [Gr. <?/ carved + -graphy : cf. F. glyptographie .] The art or process of engraving on precious stones. [R.]
Glyptotheca <Xpage=634>
Glyp`to*the"ca (?) , n. [NL., fr. Gr. <?/ carved + <?/ case, box.] A building or room devoted to works of sculpture.
Glyster <Xpage=634>
Glys"ter (?) , n. (Med.) Same as Clyster .
Gmelinite <Xpage=634>
Gmel"in*ite (?) , n. [Named after the German chemist Gmelin .] (Min.) A rhombohedral zeolitic mineral, related in form and composition to chabazite.
Gnaphalium <Xpage=634>
Gna*pha"li*um (?) , n. [Nl., from Gr. <?/ wool of the teasel.] (Bot.) A genus of composite plants with white or colored dry and persistent involucres; a kind of everlasting.
Gnar <Xpage=634>
Gnar (?) , n. [OE. knarre , gnarre , akin to OD. knor , G. knorren . Cf. Knar , Knur , Gnarl .] A knot or gnarl in wood; hence, a tough, thickset man; -- written also gnarr . [Archaic]
He was . . . a thick gnarre . Chaucer.
Gnar <Xpage=634>
Gnar (?) , v. i. [ imp. & p. p. Gnarred (?) ; p. pr. & vb. n. Gnarring .] [See Gnarl .] To gnarl; to snarl; to growl; -- written also gnarr . [Archaic]
At them he gan to rear his bristles strong, And felly gnarre . Spenser.
A thousand wants Gnarr at the heels of men. Tennison.
Gnarl <Xpage=634>
Gnarl (?) , v. i. [ imp. & p. p. Gnarled (?) ; p. pr. & vb. n. Gnarling .] [From older gnar , prob. of imitative origin; cf. G. knarren , knurren . D. knorren , Sw. knorra , Dan. knurre .] To growl; to snarl.
And wolves are gnarling who shall gnaw thee first. Shak.
Gnarl <Xpage=634>
Gnarl , n. [See Gnar , n. ] a knot in wood; a large or hard knot, or a protuberance with twisted grain, on a tree.
Gnarled <Xpage=634>
Gnarled (?) , a. Knotty; full of knots or gnarls; twisted; crossgrained.
The unwedgeable and gnarl\'82d oak. Shak.
Gnarly <Xpage=634>
Gnarl"y (?) , a. Full of knots; knotty; twisted; crossgrained.
Gnash <Xpage=634>
Gnash (?) , v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Gnashed (#) ; p. pr. & vb. n. Gnashing .] [OE. gnasten , gnaisten , cf. Icel. gnastan a gnashing, gn<?/sta to gnash, Dan. knaske , Sw. gnissla , D. knarsen , G. knirschen .] To strike together, as in anger or pain; as, to gnash the teeth .
Gnash <Xpage=634>
Gnash , v. i. To grind or strike the teeth together.
There they him laid, Gnashing for anguish, and despite, and shame. Milton.
Gnashingly <Xpage=634>
Gnash"ing*ly , adv. With gnashing.
Gnat <Xpage=634>
Gnat (?) , n. [AS. gn\'91t .] 1. (Zo\'94l.) A blood-sucking dipterous fly, of the genus Culex , undergoing a metamorphosis in water. The females have a proboscis armed with needlelike organs for penetrating the skin of animals. These are wanting in the males. In America they are generally called mosquitoes . See Mosquito .
2. Any fly resembling a Culex in form or habits; esp., in America, a small biting fly of the genus Simulium and allies, as the buffalo gnat, the black fly, etc.
Gnat catcher (Zo\'94l.) , one of several species of small American singing birds, of the genus Polioptila , allied to the kinglets. -- Gnat flower , the bee flower. -- Gnat hawk (Zo\'94l.) , the European goatsucker; -- called also gnat owl . -- Gnat snapper (Zo\'94l.) , a bird that catches gnats. -- Gnat strainer , a person ostentatiously punctilious about trifles. Cf. Matt. xxiii. 24 .
Gnathic <Xpage=634>
Gnath"ic (?) , a. [Gr. <?/ the jaw.] (Anat.) Of or pertaining to the jaw.
Gnathic index , in a skull, the ratio of the distance from the middle of the nasofrontal suture to the basion (taken equal to 100), to the distance from the basion to the middle of the front edge of the upper jaw; -- called also alveolar index .
Skulls with the gnathic index below 98 are orthognathous, from 98 to 103 mesognathous, and above 103 are prognathous. Flower.
Gnathidium <Xpage=634>
Gna*thid"i*um (?) , n. ; pl. Gnathidia (#) . [NL., fr. Gr. <?/ the jaw.] (Zo\'94l.) The ramus of the lower jaw of a bird as far as it is naked; -- commonly used in the plural.
Gnathite <Xpage=634>
Gnath"ite (?) , n. [Gr. <?/ the jaw.] (Zo\'94l.) Any one of the mouth appendages of the Arthropoda. They are known as mandibles, maxill\'91, and maxillipeds.
Gnathonic, Gnathonical <Xpage=634>
Gna*thon"ic (?) , Gna*thon"ic*al (?) , a. [L. Gnatho , name of a parasite in the "Eunuchus" of Terence, Gr. <?/; hence, a parasite in general.] Flattering; deceitful. [Obs.]
Gnathopod <Xpage=634>
Gnath"o*pod (?) , n. [Gr. <?/ the jaw + -pod .] (Zo\'94l.) A gnathopodite or maxilliped. See Maxilliped .
Gnathopodite <Xpage=634>
Gna*thop"o*dite (?) , n. (Zo\'94l,) Any leglike appendage of a crustacean, when modified wholly, or in part, to serve as a jaw, esp. one of the maxillipeds.
Gnathastegite <Xpage=634>
Gna*thas"te*gite (?) , n. [Gr. <?/ the jaw + <?/ a roof.] (Zo\'94l.) One of a pair of broad plates, developed from the outer maxillipeds of crabs, and forming a cover for the other mouth organs.
Gnathostoma <Xpage=634>
Gna*thos"to*ma (?) , n. pl. [NL., from Gr. <?/ the jaw + <?/, <?/, the mouth.] (Zo\'94l.) A comprehensive division of vertebrates, including all that have distinct jaws, in contrast with the leptocardians and marsipobranchs ( Cyclostoma ), which lack them. [Written also Gnathostomata .]
Gnathotheca <Xpage=634>
Gnath`o*the"ca (?) , n. ; pl. Gnathothec\'92 (#) . [NL., fr. Gr. <?/ the jaw + <?/ a box.] (Zo\'94l.) The horney covering of the lower mandible of a bird.
Gnatling <Xpage=634>
Gnat"ling (?) , n. (Zo\'94l.) A small gnat.
Gnatworm <Xpage=634>
Gnat"worm` (?) , n. (Zo\'94l.) The aquatic larva of a gnat; -- called also, colloquially, wiggler .
Gnaw <Xpage=634>
Gnaw (?) , v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Gnawed (?) ; p. pr. & vb. n. Gnawing .] [OE. gnawen , AS. gnagan ; akin to D. knagen , OHG. gnagan , nagan , G. nagen , Icel. & Sw. gnaga , Dan. gnave , nage . Cf. Nag to tease.] 1. To bite, as something hard or tough, which is not readily separated or crushed; to bite off little by little, with effort; to wear or eat away by scraping or continuous biting with the teeth; to nibble at.
His bones clean picked; his very bones they gnaw . Dryden.
2. To bite in agony or rage.
They gnawed their tongues for pain. Rev. xvi. 10.
3. To corrode; to fret away; to waste.
Gnaw <Xpage=634>
Gnaw , v. i. To use the teeth in biting; to bite with repeated effort, as in eating or removing with the teethsomething hard, unwiedly, or unmanageable.
I might well, like the spaniel, gnaw upon the chain that ties me. Sir P. Sidney.
Gnawer <Xpage=634>
Gnaw"er (?) , n. 1. One who, or that which, gnaws.
2. (Zo\'94l.) A rodent.
Gneiss <Xpage=634>
Gneiss (?) , n. [G.] (Geol.) A crystalline rock, consisting, like granite, of quartz, feldspar, and mica, but having these materials, especially the mica, arranged in planes, so that it breaks rather easily into coarse slabs or flags. Hornblende sometimes takes the place of the mica, and it is then called hornblendic ∨ syenitic gneiss . Similar varieties of related rocks are also called gneiss.
Gneissic <Xpage=634>
Gneis"sic (?) , a. Relating to, or resembling, gneiss; consisting of gneiss.
Gneissoid <Xpage=634>
Gneis"soid (?) , a. [ Gneiss + -old .] Resembling gneiss; having some of the characteristics of gneiss; -- applied to rocks of an intermediate character between granite and gneiss, or mica slate and gneiss.
Gneissose <Xpage=634>
Gneis"sose` (?) , a. Having the structure of gneiss.
Gnew <Xpage=634>
Gnew (?) , obs. imp. of Gnaw .
Chaucer.
Gnide <Xpage=634>
Gnide (n&imac;d) , v. t. [AS. gn&imac;dan .] To rub; to bruise; to break in pieces. [Obs.]
&hand; This word is found in Tyrwhitt's Chaucer, but improperly. The woed, though common in Old English, does not occur in Chaucer.
T. R. Lounsbury.
Gnof <Xpage=634>
Gnof (?) , n. Churl; curmudgeon. [Obs.]
Chaucer.
Gnome <Xpage=634>
Gnome (?) , n. [F. gnome , prob. fr. Gr. <?/ one that knows, a guardian, i . e ., of the treasures in the inner parts of the earth, or fr. <?/ intelligence, both fr. <?/, <?/, to know. See Know .] 1. An imaginary being, supposed by the Rosicrucians to inhabit the inner parts of the earth, and to be the guardian of mines, quarries, etc.
2. A dwarf; a goblin; a person of small stature or misshapen features, or of strange appearance.
3. (Zo\'94l.) A small owl ( Glaucidium gnoma ) of the Western United States.
4. [Gr. <?/.] A brief reflection or maxim.
Peacham.
Gnomic, Gnomical <Xpage=634>
Gnom"ic (?) , Gnom"ic*al (?) , a. [Gr. <?/, fr. <?/: cf. F. gnomique . See Gnome maxim.] Sententious; uttering or containing maxims, or striking detached thoughts; aphoristic.
A city long famous as the seat of elegiac and gnomic poetry. G. R. Lewes.