The Gutenberg Webster's Unabridged Dictionary
Chapter 651
Gastight <Xpage=614>
Gas"tight` (?) , a. So tightly fitted as to preclude the escape of gas; impervious to gas.
Gastness <Xpage=614>
Gast"ness (?) , n. See Ghastness . [Obs.]
Gastornis <Xpage=614>
Gas*tor"nis (?) , n. [NL., from Gaston M. Plante, the discover + Gr. <?/ bird.] (Paleon.) A genus of large eocene birds from the Paris basin.
Gastr\'91a <Xpage=614>
Gas*tr\'91"a (?) , n. [NL., from Gr. <?/, <?/, the stomach.] (Biol.) A primeval larval form; a double-walled sac from which, according to the hypothesis of Haeckel, man and all other animals, that in the first stages of their individual evolution pass through a two-layered structural stage, or gastrula form, must have descended. This idea constitutes the Gastr\'91a theory of Haeckel. See Gastrula .
Gastralgia <Xpage=614>
Gas*tral"gi*a (?) , n. [NL., fr. Gr. <?/, <?/, stomach + <?/ pain.] (Med.) Pain in the stomach or epigastrium, as in gastric disorders.
Gastric <Xpage=614>
Gas"tric (?) , a. [Gr. <?/, <?/, stomach: cf. F. gastrique .] Of, pertaining to, or situated near, the stomach; as, the gastric artery .
Gastric digestion (Physiol.) , the conversion of the albuminous portion of food in the stomach into soluble and diffusible products by the solvent action of gastric juice. -- Gastric fever (Med.) , a fever attended with prominent gastric symptoms; -- a name applied to certain forms of typhoid fever; also, to catarrhal inflammation of the stomach attended with fever. -- Gastric juice (Physiol.) , a thin, watery fluid, with an acid reaction, secreted by a peculiar set of glands contained in the mucous membrane of the stomach. It consists mainly of dilute hydrochloric acid and the ferment pepsin. It is the most important digestive fluid in the body, but acts only on proteid foods. -- Gastric remittent fever (Med.) , a form of remittent fever with pronounced stomach symptoms.
Gastriloquist <Xpage=614>
Gas*tril"o*quist (?) , n. [Gr. gasth`r , gastro`s , stomach + L. loqui to speak.] One who appears to speak from his stomach; a ventriloquist.
Gastriloquous <Xpage=614>
Gas*tril"o*quous (?) , a. Ventriloquous. [R.]
Gastriloquy <Xpage=614>
Gas*tril"o*quy (?) , n. A voice or utterance which appears to proceed from the stomach; ventriloquy.
Gastritis <Xpage=614>
Gas*tri"tis (?) , n. [NL., from. Gr. <?/, <?/, stomach + -itis .] (Med.) Inflammation of the stomach, esp. of its mucuos membrane.
Gastro- <Xpage=614>
Gas"tro- (?) . A combining form from the Gr. <?/, <?/, the stomach, or belly; as in gastro colic, gastro cele, gastro tomy.
Gastrocnemius <Xpage=614>
Gas`troc*ne"mi*us (?) , n. [NL., from Gr. <?/ the calf of the leg.] (Anat.) The muscle which makes the greater part of the calf of the leg.
Gastrocolic <Xpage=614>
Gas`tro*col"ic (?) , a. [ Gastro- + colic .] (Anat.) Pertaining to both the stomach and the colon; as, the gastrocolic , or great, omentum .
Gastrodisc <Xpage=614>
Gas`tro*disc (?) , n. [ Gastro- + disc .] (Biol.) That part of blastoderm where the hypoblast appears like a small disk on the inner face of the epibladst.
Gastroduodenal <Xpage=614>
Gas`tro*du"o*de"nal (?) , a. [ Gastro- + -duodenal .] (Anat.) Pertaining to the stomach and duodenum; as, the gastroduodenal artery .
Gastroduodenitis <Xpage=614>
Gas`tro*du`o*de*ni"tis (?) , n. [NL. See Gastroduodenal , and -itis .] (Med.) Inflammation of the stomach and duodenum. It is one of the most frequent causes of jaundice.
Gastroelytrotomy <Xpage=614>
Gas`tro*el`y*trot"o*my (?) , n. [ Gastro- + Gr <?/ sheath + <?/ a cutting] (Surg.) The operation of cutting into the upper part of the vagina, through the abdomen (without opening the peritoneum), for the purpose of removing a fetus. It is a substitute for the C\'91sarean operation, and less dangerous.
Gastroenteric <Xpage=614>
Gas`tro*en*te"ric (?) , a. [ Gastro- + -enteric .] (Anat. & Med.) Gastrointestinal.
Gastroenteritis <Xpage=614>
Gas`tro*en`te*ri"tis (?) , n. [NL. See Gastroenrteric , and -itis .] (Med.) Inflammation of the lining membrane of the stomach and the intestines.
Gastroepiploic <Xpage=614>
Gas`tro*ep`i*plo"ic (?) , a. [ Gastro- + -epiploic .] (Anat.) Of or pertaining to the stomach and omentum.
Gastrohepatic <Xpage=614>
Gas`tro*he*pat"ic (?) , a. [ Gastro- + -hepatic .] (Med.) Pertaining to the stomach and liver; hepatogastric; as, the gastrohepatic , or lesser, omentum .
Gastrohysterotomy <Xpage=614>
Gas`tro*hys`ter*ot"o*my (?) , n. [ Gastro- + GR. <?/ womb + <?/ to cut.] (Surg.) C\'91sarean section. See under C\'91sarean .
Gastrointestinal <Xpage=614>
Gas`tro*in*tes"ti*nal (?) , a. [ Gastro- + -intestinal .] (Anat. & Med.) Of or pertaining to the stomach and intestines; gastroenteric.
Gastrolith <Xpage=614>
Gas`tro*lith (?) , n. [ Gastro- + -lith .] (Zo\'94l.) See Crab's eyes , under Crab .
Gastrology <Xpage=614>
Gas*trol"o*gy (?) , n. [Gr <?/; <?/, <?/, stomach + <?/ discourse: cf. F. gastrologie .] The science which treats of the structure and functions of the stomach; a treatise of the stomach.
Gastromalacia <Xpage=614>
Gas`tro*ma*la"ci*a (?) , n. [NL., fr. Gr. <?/, <?/, stomach + <?/ softness, fr. <?/ soft.] (Med.) A softening of the coats of the stomach; -- usually a post-morten change.
Gastromancy <Xpage=614>
Gas`tro*man"cy (?) , n. [ Gastro- + -mancy : cf. F. gastromancy .] (Antiq.) (a) A kind of divination, by means of words seemingly uttered from the stomach. (b) A species of divination, by means of glasses or other round, transparent vessels, in the center of which figures are supposed to appear by magic art.
Gastromyces <Xpage=614>
Gas`tro*my"ces (?) , n. [NL., fr. Gr. <?/, <?/, stomach + <?/, <?/, a fungus.] (Biol.) The fungoid growths sometimes found in the stomach; such as Torula, etc.
Gastromyth <Xpage=614>
Gas"tro*myth (?) , n. [ Gastro- + Gr. <?/ to say, speak.] One whose voice appears to proceed from the stomach; a ventriloquist. [Obs.]
Gastronome, Gastronomer <Xpage=614>
Gas"tro*nome (?) , Gas*tron"o*mer (?) , n. [F. gastronome , fr. Gr. <?/, <?/, stomach + <?/ law, <?/ to distribute.] One fond of good living; an epicure.
Sir W. Scott.
Gastronomic, Gastronomical <Xpage=614>
Gas`tro*nom"ic (?) , Gas`tro*nom"ic*al (<?/) , a. [Cf. F. gastronomique .] Pertaining to gastromony.
Gastronomist <Xpage=614>
Gas*tron"o*mist (?) , n. A gastromomer.
Gastronomy <Xpage=614>
Gas*tron"o*my (?) , n. [Gr. <?/: cf. F. gastronomie .] The art or science of good eating; epicurism; the art of good cheer.
Gastrophrenic <Xpage=614>
Gas`tro*phren"ic (?) , a. [ Gastro- + -phrenic .] (Anat.) Pertaining to the stomach and diaphragm; as, the gastrophrenic ligament .
Gastropneumatic <Xpage=614>
Gas`tro*pneu*mat"ic (?) , a. [ Gastro- + pneumatic .] (Anat.) Pertaining to the alimentary canal and air passages, and to the cavities connected with them; as, the gastropneumatic mucuos membranes .
Gastropod <Xpage=614>
Gas"tro*pod (?) , n. (Zo\'94l.) One of the Gastropoda. [Written also gasteropod .]
Gastropoda <Xpage=614>
Gas*trop"o*da (?) , n. pl. , [NL., fr. Gr. <?/, <?/, stomach + -poda .] (Zo\'94l.) One of the classes of Mollusca, of great extent. It includes most of the marine spiral shells, and the land and fresh-water snails. They generally creep by means of a flat, muscular disk, or foot, on the ventral side of the body. The head usually bears one or two pairs of tentacles. See Mollusca . [Written also Gasteropoda .]
&hand; The Gastropoda are divided into three subclasses; viz.: ( a ) The Streptoneura or Dioecia, including the Pectinibranchiata, Rhipidoglossa, Docoglossa, and Heteropoda. ( b ) The Euthyneura, including the Pulmonata and Opisthobranchia. ( c ) The Amphineura, including the Polyplacophora and Aplacophora.
Gastropodous <Xpage=614>
Gas*trop"o*dous (?) , a. (Zo\'94l.) Of or pertaining to the Gastropoda.
Gastroraphy <Xpage=614>
Gas*tror"a*phy (?) , n. [Gr.<?/; <?/, <?/, stomach + <?/ a sewing, fr. <?/ to sew: cf. F. gastrorrhaphie .] (Surg.) The operation of sewing up wounds of the abdomen.
Quincy.
Gastroscope <Xpage=614>
Gas"tro*scope (?) , n. [ Gastro- + -scope .] (Med.) An instrument for viewing or examining the interior of the stomach.
Gastroscopic <Xpage=614>
Gas`tro*scop"ic (?) , a. Of or pertaining to gastroscopy.
Gastroscopy <Xpage=614>
Gas*tros"co*py (?) , n. (Med.) Examination of the abdomen or stomach, as with the gastroscope.
Gastrosplenic <Xpage=614>
Gas`tro*splen"ic (?) , n. [ Gastro- + splenic .] (Anat.) Pertaining to the stomach and spleen; as, the gastrosplenic ligament .
Gastrostege <Xpage=614>
Gas*tros"tege (?) , n. [ Gastro- + Gr. <?/ roof.] (Zo\'94l.) One of the large scales on the belly of a serpent.
Gastrostomy <Xpage=614>
Gas*tros"to*my (?) , n. [ Gastro- + Gr. <?/ mouth.] (Surg.) The operation of making a permanent opening into the stomach, for the introduction of food.
Gastrotomy <Xpage=614>
Gas*trot"o*my (?) , n. [ Gastro + Gr. <?/ to cut: cf. F. gastrotomie .] (Surg.) A cutting into, or opening of, the abdomen or the stomach.
Gastrotricha <Xpage=614>
Gas*trot"ri*cha (?) , n. pl. , [NL., fr. Gr. <?/ belly + <?/, <?/, hair.] (Zo\'94l.) A group of small wormlike animals, having cilia on the ventral side. The group is regarded as an ancestral or synthetic one, related to rotifers and annelids.
Gastrotrocha <Xpage=614>
Gas*trot"ro*cha (?) , n. [NL., fr. Gr. <?/, <?/, stomach + <?/ a wheel.] (Zo\'94l.) A form of annelid larva having cilia on the ventral side.
Gastrovascular <Xpage=614>
Gas`tro*vas"cu*lar (?) , a. [ Gastro- + -vascular .] (Zo\'94l.) Having the structure, or performing the functions, both of digestive and circulatory organs; as, the gastrovascular cavity of c&oe;lenterates .
Gastrula <Xpage=614>
Gas"tru*la (?) , n. ; pl . Gastrul\'91 (#) [NL., dim. fr. Gr. <?/ the stomach.] (Biol.) An embryonic form having its origin in the invagination or pushing in of the wall of the planula or blastula (the blastosphere ) on one side, thus giving rise to a double-walled sac, with one opening or mouth (the blastopore ) which leads into the cavity (the archenteron ) lined by the inner wall (the hypoblast ). See Illust . under Invagination . In a more general sense, an ideal stage in embryonic development. See Gastr\'91a . -- a. Of or pertaining to a gastrula.
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Gastrulation <Xpage=615>
Gas`tru*la"tion (?) , n. (Biol.) The process of invagination, in embryonic development, by which a gastrula is formed.
Gastrura <Xpage=615>
Gas*tru"ra (?) , n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. <?/ belly + <?/ tail.] (Zo\'94l.) See Stomatopoda .
Gastrurous <Xpage=615>
Gas*tru"rous (?) , a. (Zo\'94l.) Pertaining to the Gastrura.
Gat <Xpage=615>
Gat (?) , imp. of Get . [Obs.]
Gate <Xpage=615>
Gate (?) , n. [OE. <?/ et , <?/eat , giat , gate, door, AS. geat , gat , gate, door; akin to OS., D., & Icel. gat opening, hole, and perh. to E. gate a way, gait , and get , v. Cf. Gate a way in the wall, 3d Get .] 1. A large door or passageway in the wall of a city, of an inclosed field or place, or of a grand edifice, etc.; also, the movable structure of timber, metal, etc., by which the passage can be closed.
2. An opening for passage in any inclosing wall, fence, or barrier; or the suspended framework which closes or opens a passage. Also, figuratively, a means or way of entrance or of exit.
Knowest thou the way to Dover? Both stile and gate , horse way and footpath. Shak.
Opening a gate for a long war. Knolles.
3. A door, valve, or other device, for stopping the passage of water through a dam, lock, pipe, etc.
4. (Script.) The places which command the entrances or access; hence, place of vantage; power; might.
The gates of hell shall not prevail against it. Matt. xvi. 18.
5. In a lock tumbler, the opening for the stump of the bolt to pass through or into.
6. (Founding) (a) The channel or opening through which metal is poured into the mold; the ingate. (b) The waste piece of metal cast in the opening; a sprue or sullage piece. [Written also geat and git .]
Gate chamber , a recess in the side wall of a canal lock, which receives the opened gate. -- Gate channel . See Gate , 5. -- Gate hook , the hook-formed piece of a gate hinge. -- Gate money , entrance money for admission to an inclosure. -- Gate tender , one in charge of a gate, as at a railroad crossing. -- Gate valva , a stop valve for a pipe, having a sliding gate which affords a straight passageway when open. -- Gate vein (Anat.) , the portal vein. -- To break gates (Eng. Univ.) , to enter a college inclosure after the hour to which a student has been restricted. -- To stand in the gate, ∨ gates , to occupy places or advantage, power, or defense.
Gate <Xpage=615>
Gate , v. t. 1. To supply with a gate.
2. (Eng. Univ.) To punish by requiring to be within the gates at an earlier hour than usual.
Gate <Xpage=615>
Gate , n. [Icel. gata ; akin to SW. gata street, lane, Dan. gade , Goth. gatw\'94 , G. gasse . Cf. Gate a door, Gait .] 1. A way; a path; a road; a street (as in High gate ). [O. Eng. & Scot.]
I was going to be an honest man; but the devil has this very day flung first a lawyer, and then a woman, in my gate . Sir W. Scott.
2. Manner; gait. [O. Eng. & Scot.]
Gated <Xpage=615>
Gat"ed (?) , a. Having gates.
Young.
Gatehouse <Xpage=615>
Gate"house` (?) , n. A house connected or associated with a gate.
Gateless <Xpage=615>
Gate"less , a. Having no gate.
Gateman <Xpage=615>
Gate"man (?) , n. A gate keeper; a gate tender.
Gatepost <Xpage=615>
Gate"post` (?) , n. 1. A post to which a gate is hung; -- called also swinging ∨ hinging post .
2. A post against which a gate closes; -- called also shutting post .
Gateway <Xpage=615>
Gate"way` (?) , n. A passage through a fence or wall; a gate; also, a frame, arch, etc., in which a gate in hung, or a structure at an entrance or gate designed for ornament or defense.
Gatewise <Xpage=615>
Gate"wise` (?) , adv. In the manner of a gate.
Three circles of stones set up gatewise . Fuller.
Gather <Xpage=615>
Gath"er (?) , v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Gathered (?) ; p. pr. & vb. n. Gathering .] [OE. gaderen , AS. gaderian , gadrian , fr. gador , geador , together, fr. g\'91d fellowship; akin to E. good , D. gaderen to collect, G. gatte husband, MHG. gate , also companion, Goth. gadiliggs a sister's son. &root;29. See Good , and cf. Together .]
1. To bring together; to collect, as a number of separate things, into one place, or into one aggregate body; to assemble; to muster; to congregate.
And Belgium's capital had gathered them Her beauty and her chivalry. Byron.
When he had gathered all the chief priests and scribes of the people together. Matt. ii. 4.
2. To pick out and bring together from among what is of less value; to collect, as a harvest; to harvest; to cull; to pick off; to pluck.
A rose just gathered from the stalk. Dryden.
Do men gather grapes of thorns, or figs of thistles? Matt. vii. 16.
Gather us from among the heathen. Ps. cvi. 47.
3. To accumulate by collecting and saving little by little; to amass; to gain; to heap up.
He that by usury and unjust gain increaseth his substance, he shall gather it for him that will pity the poor. Prov. xxviii. 8.
To pay the creditor . . . he must gather up money by degrees. Locke.
4. To bring closely together the parts or particles of; to contract; to compress; to bring together in folds or plaits, as a garment; also, to draw together, as a piece of cloth by a thread; to pucker; to plait; as, to gather a ruffle .
Gathering his flowing robe, he seemed to stand In act to speak, and graceful stretched his hand. Pope.
5. To derive, or deduce, as an inference; to collect, as a conclusion, from circumstances that suggest, or arguments that prove; to infer; to conclude.
Let me say no more<?/ Gather the sequel by that went before. Shak.
6. To gain; to win. [Obs.]
He gathers ground upon her in the chase. Dryden.
7. (Arch.) To bring together, or nearer together, in masonry, as where the width of a fireplace is rapidly diminished to the width of the flue, or the like.
8. (Naut.) To haul in; to take up; as, to gather the slack of a rope .
To be gathered to one's people, ∨ to one's fathers to die. Gen. xxv. 8 . -- To gather breath , to recover normal breathing after being out of breath; to get breath; to rest. Spenser . -- To gather one's self together , to collect and dispose one's powers for a great effort, as a beast crouches preparatory to a leap. -- To gather way (Naut.) , to begin to move; to move with increasing speed.
Gather <Xpage=615>
Gath"er (?) , v. i. 1. To come together; to collect; to unite; to become assembled; to congregate.
When small humors gather to a gout. Pope.
Tears from the depth of some divine despair Rise in the heart, and gather to the eyes. Tennyson.
2. To grow larger by accretion; to increase.