The Gutenberg Webster's Unabridged Dictionary
Chapter 648
Gan"gli*ate (?) , Gan"gli*a`ted (?) , a. (Anat.) Furnished with ganglia; as, the gangliated cords of the sympathetic nervous system .
Gangliform, Ganglioform <Xpage=611>
Gan"gli*form` (?) , Gan"gli*o*form` (?) , a. [ Ganglion + -form .] (Anat.) Having the form of a ganglion.
Ganglion <Xpage=611>
Gan"gli*on (?) , n. ; pl. L. Ganglia (#) , E. Ganglions (#) . [L. ganglion a sort of swelling or excrescence, a tumor under the skin, Gr. <?/: cf. F. ganglion .] 1. (Anat.) (a) A mass or knot of nervous matter, including nerve cells, usually forming an enlargement in the course of a nerve . (b) A node, or gland in the lymphatic system; as, a lymphatic ganglion .
2. (Med.) A globular, hard, indolent tumor, situated somewhere on a tendon, and commonly formed by the effusion of a viscid fluid into it; -- called also weeping sinew .
Ganglion cell , a nerve cell. See Illust . under Bipolar .
Ganglionary <Xpage=611>
Gan"gli*on*a*ry (?) , a. [Cf. F. ganglionnarie .] (Anat.) Ganglionic.
Ganglionic <Xpage=611>
Gan`gli*on"ic (?) , a. [Cf. F. ganglionique .] (Anat.) Pertaining to, containing, or consisting of, ganglia or ganglion cells; as, a ganglionic artery; the ganglionic columns of the spinal cord.
Gangrel <Xpage=611>
Gan"grel (?) , a. [Cf. Gang , v. i. ] Wandering; vagrant. [Scot.]
Sir W. Scott.
Gangrenate <Xpage=611>
Gan"gre*nate (?) , v. t. To gangrene. [Obs.]
Gangrene <Xpage=611>
Gan"grene (?) , n. [F. gangr\'8ane , L. gangraena , fr. Gr. <?/, fr. <?/ to gnaw, eat; cf. Skr. gras , gar , to devour, and E. voracious , also canker , n. , in sense 3.] (Med.) A term formerly restricted to mortification of the soft tissues which has not advanced so far as to produce complete loss of vitality; but now applied to mortification of the soft parts in any stage.
Gangrene <Xpage=611>
Gan"grene , v. t. & i. [ imp. & p. p. Gangrened (?) ; p. pr. & vb. n. Gangrening .] [Cf. F. gangr\'82ner .] To produce gangrene in; to be affected with gangrene.
Gangrenescent <Xpage=611>
Gan`gre*nes"cent (?) , a. Tending to mortification or gangrene.
Gangrenous <Xpage=611>
Gan"gre*nous (?) , a. [Cf. F. gangr\'82neux .] Affected by, or produced by, gangrene; of the nature of gangrene.
Gangue <Xpage=611>
Gangue (?) , n. [F. gangue , fr. G. gang a metallic vein, a passage. See Gang , n. ] (Mining) The mineral or earthy substance associated with metallic ore.
Gangway <Xpage=611>
Gang"way` (?) , n. [See Gang , v. i. ] 1. A passage or way into or out of any inclosed place; esp., a temporary way of access formed of planks.
2. In the English House of Commons, a narrow aisle across the house, below which sit those who do not vote steadly either with the government or with the opposition.
3. (Naut.) The opening through the bulwarks of a vessel by which persons enter or leave it.
4. (Naut.) That part of the spar deck of a vessel on each side of the booms, from the quarter-deck to the forecastle; -- more properly termed the waist .
Totten.
Gangway ladder , a ladder rigged on the side of a vessel at the gangway. -- To bring to the gangway , to punish (a seaman) by flogging him at the gangway.
Ganil <Xpage=611>
Gan"il (?) , n. [F.] A kind of brittle limestone. [Prov. Eng.]
Kirwan.
Ganister, Gannister <Xpage=611>
Gan"is*ter (?) , Gan"nis*ter , n. (Mech.) A refractory material consisting of crushed or ground siliceous stone, mixed with fire clay; -- used for lining Bessemer converters; also used for macadamizing roads.
Ganja <Xpage=611>
Gan"ja (?) , n. [Hind. g\'benjh\'be .] The dried hemp plant, used in India for smoking. It is extremely narcotic and intoxicating. <-- marijuana, hashish -->
Gannet <Xpage=611>
Gan"net (?) , n. [OE. gant , AS. ganet , ganot, a sea fowl, a fen duck; akin to D. gent gander, OHG. ganazzo . See Gander , Goose .] (Zo\'94l.) One of several species of sea birds of the genus Sula , allied to the pelicans.
&hand; The common gannet of Europe and America ( S. bassana ), is also called solan goose , chandel goose , and gentleman . In Florida the wood ibis is commonly called gannet .
Booby gannet . See Sula .
Ganocephala <Xpage=611>
Gan`o*ceph"a*la (?) , n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. <?/ brightness + <?/ head.] (Paleon.) A group of fossil amphibians allied to the labyrinthodonts, having the head defended by bony, sculptured plates, as in some ganoid fishes.
Ganocephalous <Xpage=611>
Gan`o*ceph"a*lous (?) , a. (Paleon.) Of or pertaining to the Ganocephala.
Ganoid <Xpage=611>
Ga"noid (?) , a. [Gr. <?/ brightness + -oid .] (Zo\'94l.) Of or pertaining to Ganoidei. -- n. One of the Ganoidei.
Ganoid scale (Zo\'94l.) , one kind of scales of the ganoid fishes, composed of an inner layer of bone, and an outer layer of shining enamel. They are often so arranged as to form a coat of mail.
Ganoidal <Xpage=611>
Ga*noid"al (?) , a. (Zo\'94l.) Ganoid.
Ganoidei <Xpage=611>
Ga*noi"de*i (?) , n. pl. [NL. See Ganoid .] (Zo\'94l.) One of the subclasses of fishes. They have an arterial cone and bulb, spiral intestinal valve, and the optic nerves united by a chiasma. Many of the species are covered with bony plates, or with ganoid scales; others have cycloid scales.
&hand; They were numerous, and some of them of large size, in early geological periods; but they are represented by comparatively few living species, most of which inhabit fresh waters, as the bowfin, gar pike, bichir, Ceratodus, paddle fish, and sturgeon.
Ganoidian <Xpage=611>
Ga*noid"i*an (?) , a. & n. (Zo\'94l.) Ganoid.
Ganoine <Xpage=611>
Ga"no*ine (?) , n. (Zo\'94l.) A peculiar bony tissue beneath the enamel of a ganoid scale.
Gansa <Xpage=611>
Gan"sa (?) , n. Same as Ganza .
Bp. Hall.
Gantlet <Xpage=611>
Gant"let (?) , n. [ Gantlet is corrupted fr. gantlope ; gantlope is for gatelope , Sw. gatlopp , orig., a running down a lane; gata street, lane + lopp course, career, akin to l\'94pa to run. See Gate a way, and Leap .] A military punishment formerly in use, wherein the offender was made to run between two files of men facing one another, who struck him as he passed.
To run the gantlet , to suffer the punishment of the gantlet; hence, to go through the ordeal of severe criticism or controversy, or ill-treatment at many hands.
Winthrop ran the gantlet of daily slights. Palfrey.
&hand; Written also, but less properly, gauntlet .
Gantlet <Xpage=611>
Gant"let , n. A glove. See Gauntlet .
Gantline <Xpage=611>
Gant"line` (?) , n. A line rigged to a mast; -- used in hoisting rigging; a girtline.
<page="612"> Page 612
Gantlope <Xpage=612>
Gant"lope` (?) , n. See Gantlet . [Obs.]
Gantry <Xpage=612>
Gan"try (?) , n. See Gauntree .
Ganza <Xpage=612>
Gan"za (?) , n. [Sp. gansa , ganso , goose; of Gothic origin. See Gannet , Goose .] A kind of wild goose, by a flock of which a virtuoso was fabled to be carried to the lunar world. [Also gansa .]
Johnson.
Gaol <Xpage=612>
Gaol (?) , n. [See Jail .] A place of confinement, especially for minor offenses or provisional imprisonment; a jail. [Preferably, and in the United States usually, written jail .]
Commission of general gaol delivery , an authority conferred upon judges and others included in it, for trying and delivering every prisoner in jail when the judges, upon their circuit, arrive at the place for holding court, and for discharging any whom the grand jury fail to indict. [Eng.] -- Gaol delivery . (Law) See Jail delivery , under Jail .
Gaoler <Xpage=612>
Gaol"er (?) , n. The keeper of a jail. See Jailer .
Gap <Xpage=612>
Gap (?) , n. [OE. gap ; cf. Icel. gap an empty space, Sw. gap mouth, breach, abyss, Dan. gab mouth, opening, AS. geap expanse; as adj., wide, spacious. See Gape .] An opening in anything made by breaking or parting; as, a gap in a fence ; an opening for a passage or entrance; an opening which implies a breach or defect; a vacant space or time; a hiatus; a mountain pass.
Miseries ensued by the opening of that gap . Knolles.
It would make a great gap in your own honor. Shak.
Gap lathe (Mach.) , a turning lathe with a deep notch in the bed to admit of turning a short object of large diameter. -- To stand in the gap , to expose one's self for the protection of something; to make defense against any assailing danger; to take the place of a fallen defender or supporter. -- To stop a gap , to secure a weak point; to repair a defect.
Gap <Xpage=612>
Gap , v. t. 1. To notch, as a sword or knife.
2. To make an opening in; to breach.
Their masses are gapp'd with our grape. Tennyson.
Gape <Xpage=612>
Gape (?; in Eng, commonly ?; 277) , v. i. [ imp. & p. p. Gaped (? or ?) ; p. pr. & vb. n. Gaping ] [OE. gapen , AS. geapan to open; akin to D. gapen to gape, G. gaffen , Icel. & Sw. gapa , Dan. gabe ; cf. Skr. jabh to snap at, open the mouth. Cf. Gaby , Gap .] 1. To open the mouth wide ; as: (a) Expressing a desire for food; as, young birds gape . Dryden. (b) Indicating sleepiness or indifference; to yawn.
She stretches, gapes , unglues her eyes, And asks if it be time to rise. Swift.
(c) Showing self-forgetfulness in surprise, astonishment, expectation, etc.
With gaping wonderment had stared aghast. Byron.
(d) Manifesting a desire to injure, devour, or overcome.
They have gaped upon me with their mouth. Job xvi. 10.
2. To pen or part widely; to exhibit a gap, fissure, or hiatus.
May that ground gape and swallow me alive! Shak.
3. To long, wait eagerly, or cry aloud for something; -- with for , after , or at .
The hungry grave for her due tribute gapes . Denham.
Syn. -- To gaze; stare; yawn. See Gaze .
Gape <Xpage=612>
Gape , n. 1. The act of gaping; a yawn.
Addison.
2. (Zo\'94l.) The width of the mouth when opened, as of birds, fishes, etc.
The gapes <Xpage=612>
The gapes . (a) A fit of yawning . (b) A disease of young poultry and other birds, attended with much gaping. It is caused by a parasitic nematode worm ( Syngamus trachealis ), in the windpipe, which obstructs the breathing. See Gapeworm .
Gaper <Xpage=612>
Gap"er (?) , n. 1. One who gapes.
2. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A European fish. See 4th Comber . (b) A large edible clam ( Schizoth\'91rus Nuttalli ), of the Pacific coast; -- called also gaper clam . (c) An East Indian bird of the genus Cymbirhynchus , related to the broadbills.
Gapeseed <Xpage=612>
Gape"seed` (?) , n. Any strange sight.
Wright.
Gapesing <Xpage=612>
Gapes"ing (? ∨ ?) , n. Act of gazing about; sightseeing. [Prov. Eng.]
Gapeworm <Xpage=612>
Gape"worm` (? ∨ ?) , n. (Zo\'94l.) The parasitic worm that causes the gapes in birds. See Illustration in Appendix.
Gapingstock <Xpage=612>
Gap"ing*stock` (? ∨ ?) , n. One who is an object of open-mouthed wonder.
I was to be a gapingstock and a scorn to the young volunteers. Godwin.
Gap-toothed <Xpage=612>
Gap"-toothed` (?) , a. Having interstices between the teeth.
Dryden.
Gar <Xpage=612>
Gar (?) , n. [Prob. AS. g\'ber dart, spear, lance. The name is applied to the fish on account of its long and slender body and pointed head. Cf. Goad , Gore , v. ] (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any slender marine fish of the genera Belone and Tylosurus . See Garfish . (b) The gar pike. See Alligator gar (under Alligator ), and Gar pike .
Gar pike , ∨ Garpike (Zo\'94l.) , a large, elongated ganoid fish of the genus Lepidosteus , of several species, inhabiting the lakes and rivers of temperate and tropical America.
Gar <Xpage=612>
Gar , v. t. [Of Scand. origin. See Gear , n. ] To cause; to make. [Obs. or Scot.]
Spenser.
Garancin <Xpage=612>
Gar"an*cin (?; 104) , n. [F. garance madder, LL. garantia .] (Chem.) An extract of madder by sulphuric acid. It consists essentially of alizarin.
Garb <Xpage=612>
Garb (?) , n. [OF. garbe looks, countenance, grace, ornament, fr. OHG. garaw\'c6 , garw\'c6 , ornament, dress. akin to E. gear . See Gear , n. ] 1. (a) Clothing in general. (b) The whole dress or suit of clothes worn by any person, especially when indicating rank or office; as, the garb of a clergyman or a judge . (c) Costume; fashion; as, the garb of a gentleman in the 16th century .
2. External appearance, as expressive of the feelings or character; looks; fashion or manner, as of speech.
You thought, because he could not speak English in the native garb , he could not therefore handle an English cudgel. Shak.
Garb <Xpage=612>
Garb (?) , n. [F. gerbe , OF. also garbe , OHG. garba , G. garbe ; cf. Skr. grbh to seize, E. grab .] (Her.) A sheaf of grain (wheat, unless otherwise specified).
Garb <Xpage=612>
Garb , v. t. To clothe; array; deck.
These black dog-Dons Garb themselves bravely. Tennyson.
Garbage <Xpage=612>
Gar"bage (?; 48) , n. [OE. also garbash , perh. orig., that which is purged or cleansed away; cf. OF. garber to make fine, neat, OHG. garawan to make ready, prepare, akin to E. garb dress; or perh. for garbleage , fr. garble ; or cf. OF. garbage tax on sheaves, E. garb sheaf.] Offal, as the bowels of an animal or fish; refuse animal or vegetable matter from a kitchen; hence, anything worthless, disgusting, or loathsome.
Grainger.
Garbage <Xpage=612>
Gar"bage , v. t. To strip of the bowels; to clean. "Pilchards . . . are garbaged ."
Holland.
Garbed <Xpage=612>
Garbed (?) , a. Dressed; habited; clad.
Garbel <Xpage=612>
Gar"bel (?) , n. (Naut.) Same as Garboard .
Garbel <Xpage=612>
Gar"bel , n. [Cf. Garble , v. t. ] Anything sifted, or from which the coarse parts have been taken. [Obs.]
Garble <Xpage=612>
Gar"ble (?) , v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Garbled (?) ; p. pr. & vb. n. Garbling .] [Formerly, to pick out, sort, OF. grabeler , for garbeler to examine precisely, garble spices, fr. LL. garbellare to sift; cf. Sp. garbillar to sift, garbillo a coarse sieve, L. cribellum , dim. of cribrum sieve, akin to cernere to separate, sift (cf. E. Discern ); or perh. rather from Ar. gharb\'bel , gharbil , sieve.] 1. To sift or bolt, to separate the fine or valuable parts of from the coarse and useless parts, or from dros or dirt; as, to garble spices . [Obs.]
2. To pick out such parts of as may serve a purpose; to mutilate; to pervert; as, to garble a quotation; to garble an account.
Garble <Xpage=612>
Gar"ble , n. 1. Refuse; rubbish. [Obs.]
Wolcott.
2. pl. Impurities separated from spices, drugs, etc.; -- also called garblings .
Garbler <Xpage=612>
Gar"bler (?) , n. One who garbles.
Garboard <Xpage=612>
Gar"board (?) , n. (Naut.) One of the planks next the keel on the outside, which form a garboard strake.
Garboard strake ∨ streak , the first range or strake of planks laid on a ship's bottom next the keel.
Totten.
Garboil <Xpage=612>
Gar"boil (?) , n. [OF. garbouil ; cf. Sp. garbullo , It. garbuglio ; of uncertain origin; the last part is perh. fr. L. bullire to boil, E. boil .] Tumult; disturbance; disorder. [Obs.]
Shak.
Garcinia <Xpage=612>
Gar*cin"i*a (?) , n. [NL.] (Bot.) A genus of plants, including the mangosteen tree ( Garcinia Mangostana ), found in the islands of the Indian Archipelago; -- so called in honor of Dr. Garcin .
Gard <Xpage=612>
Gard (?) , n. [See Garde , Yard ] Garden. [Obs.] "Trees of the gard ."
F. Beaumont.
Gard <Xpage=612>
Gard , v. & n. See Guard .
Gardant <Xpage=612>
Gar"dant (?) , a. [F. See Guardant .] (Her.) Turning the head towards the spectator, but not the body; -- said of a lion or other beast.
Garden <Xpage=612>
Gar"den (?; 277) , n. [OE. gardin , OF. gardin , jardin , F. jardin , of German origin; cf. OHG. garto , G. garten ; akin to AS. geard . See Yard an inclosure.] 1. A piece of ground appropriates to the cultivation of herbs, fruits, flowers, or vegetables.
2. A rich, well-cultivated spot or tract of country.
I am arrived from fruitful Lombardy, The pleasant garden of great Italy. Shak.
&hand; Garden is often used adjectively or in self-explaining compounds; as, garden flowers, garden tools, garden walk, garden wall, garden house or garden house.