Chapter 64

Though [he] was the youngest brother, yet he was the most ancient in the business of the realm. Berners.

6. Former; sometime. [Obs.]

They mourned their ancient leader lost. Pope.

Ancient demesne (Eng. Law) , a tenure by which all manors belonging to the crown, in the reign of William the Conqueror, were held. The numbers, names, etc., of these were all entered in a book called Domesday Book . -- Ancient lights (Law) , windows and other openings which have been enjoined without molestation for more than twenty years. In England, and in some of the United States, they acquire a prescriptive right.

Syn. -- Old; primitive; pristine; antique; antiquated; old-fashioned; obsolete. -- Ancient , Antiquated , Obsolete , Antique , Antic , Old . -- Ancient is opposed to modern , and has antiquity; as, an ancient family, ancient landmarks, ancient institutions, systems of thought, etc. Antiquated describes that which has gone out of use or fashion; as, antiquated furniture, antiquated laws, rules, etc. Obsolete is commonly used, instead of antiquated , in reference to language, customs, etc.; as, an obsolete word or phrase, an obsolete expression . Antique is applied, in present usage, either to that which has come down from the ancients; as, an antique cameo, bust, etc. ; or to that which is made to imitate some ancient work of art; as, an antique temple . In the days of Shakespeare, antique was often used for ancient ; as, "an antique song," "an antique Roman;" and hence, from singularity often attached to what is ancient, it was used in the sense of grotesque; as, "an oak whose antique root peeps out; " and hence came our present word antic , denoting grotesque or ridiculous. We usually apply both ancient and old to things subject to gradual decay. We say, an old man, an ancient record; but never, the old stars, an old river or mountain. In general, however, ancient is opposed to modern , and old to new , fresh , or recent . When we speak of a thing that existed formerly, which has ceased to exist, we commonly use ancient ; as, ancient republics, ancient heroes; and not old republics, old heroes. But when the thing which began or existed in former times is still in existence, we use either ancient or old ; as, ancient statues or paintings, or old statues or paintings ; ancient authors, or old authors, meaning books.

Ancient <Xpage=55>

An"cient , n. 1. pl. Those who lived in former ages, as opposed to the moderns .

2. An aged man; a patriarch. Hence: A governor; a ruler; a person of influence.

The Lord will enter into judgment with the ancients of his people, and the princes thereof. Isa. iii. 14.

3. A senior; an elder; a predecessor. [Obs.]

Junius and Andronicus . . . in Christianity . . . were his ancients . Hooker.

4. pl. (Eng. Law) One of the senior members of the Inns of Court or of Chancery.

Council of Ancients (French Hist.) , one of the two assemblies composing the legislative bodies in 1795.

Brande.

Ancient <Xpage=55>

An"cient , n. [Corrupted from ensign .] 1. An ensign or flag. [Obs.]

More dishonorable ragged than an old-faced ancient . Shak.

2. The bearer of a flag; an ensign. [Obs.]

This is Othello's ancient , as I take it. Shak.

Anciently <Xpage=55>

An"cient*ly , adv. 1. In ancient times.

2. In an ancient manner. [R.]

Ancientness <Xpage=55>

An"cient*ness , n. The quality of being ancient; antiquity; existence from old times.

Ancientry <Xpage=55>

An"cient*ry (#) , n. 1. Antiquity; what is ancient.

They contain not word of ancientry . West.

2. Old age; also, old people. [R.]

Wronging the ancientry . Shak.

3. Ancient lineage; ancestry; dignity of birth.

A gentleman of more ancientry than estate. Fuller.

Ancienty <Xpage=55>

An"cient*y (#) , n. [F. anciennet\'82 , fr. ancien . See Ancient .] 1. Age; antiquity. [Obs.]

Martin.

2. Seniority. [Obs.]

Ancile <Xpage=55>

An*ci"le (#) , n. [L.] (Rom. Antiq.) The sacred shield of the Romans, said to have-fallen from heaven in the reign of Numa. It was the palladium of Rome.

Ancillary <Xpage=55>

An"cil*la*ry (#) , a. [L. ancillaris , fr. ancilla a female servant.] Subservient or subordinate, like a handmaid; auxiliary.

The Convocation of York seems to have been always considered as inferior, and even ancillary , to the greater province. Hallam.

Ancille <Xpage=55>

An*cille" (#) , n. [OF. ancelle , L. ancilla .] A maidservant; a handmaid. [Obs.]

Chaucer.

Ancipital, Ancipitous <Xpage=55>

An*cip"i*tal (#) , An*cip"i*tous (#) , a. [L. anceps , ancipitis , two-headed, double; an- for amb- on both sides + caput head.] (Bot.) Two-edged instead of round; -- said of certain flattened stems, as those of blue grass, and rarely also of leaves.

Ancistroid <Xpage=55>

An*cis"troid (#) , a. [Gr. <?/; <?/ a hook + <?/ shape.] Hook-shaped.

Ancle <Xpage=55>

An"cle (#) , n. See Ankle .

Ancome <Xpage=55>

An"come (#) , n. [AS. ancuman , oncuman , to come.] A small ulcerous swelling, coming suddenly; also, a whitlow. [Obs.]

Boucher.

Ancon <Xpage=55>

An"con (#) , n. ; L. pl. Ancones (#) . [L., fr. Gr. <?/ the bent arm, elbow; any hook or bend.] (Anat.) The olecranon, or the elbow.

Ancon sheep (Zo\'94l.) , a breed of sheep with short crooked legs and long back. It originated in Massachusetts in 1791; -- called also the otter breed .

Ancon, Ancone <Xpage=55>

An"con (#) , An"cone (#) , n. [See Ancon , above.] (Arch.) (a) The corner or quoin of a wall, cross-beam, or rafter. [Obs.] Gwilt . (b) A bracket supporting a cornice; a console.

Anconal, Anconeal <Xpage=55>

An"co*nal (#) , An*co"ne*al (#) , a. (Anat.) Of or pertaining to the ancon or elbow. "The olecranon on anconeal process."

Flower.

Anconeus <Xpage=55>

An*co"ne*us (#) , n. [NL., fr. L. ancon elbow.] (Anat.) A muscle of the elbow and forearm.

Anconoid <Xpage=55>

An"co*noid (#) , a. Elbowlike; anconal.

Ancony <Xpage=55>

An"co*ny (#) , n. [Origin unknown.] (Iron Work) A piece of malleable iron, wrought into the shape of a bar in the middle, but unwrought at the ends.

-ancy <Xpage=55>

-an*cy . [L. - antia .-] A suffix expressing more strongly than - ance the idea of quality or state; as, const ancy , buoy ancy , inf ancy .

And <Xpage=55>

And (#) , conj. [AS. and ; akin to OS. endi , Icel. enda , OHG. anti , enti , inti , unti , G. und , D. en , OD. ende . Cf, An if, Ante- .] 1. A particle which expresses the relation of connection or addition. It is used to conjoin a word with a word, a clause with a clause, or a sentence with a sentence.

(a) It is sometimes used emphatically; as, "there are women and women," that is, two very different sorts of women.

(b) By a rhetorical figure, notions, one of which is modificatory of the other, are connected by and ; as, "the tediousness and process of my travel," that is, the tedious process, etc.; "thy fair and outward character," that is, thy outwardly fair character,

Schmidt's Shak. Lex.

2. In order to; -- used instead of the infinitival to , especially after try , come , go .

At least to try and teach the erring soul. Milton.

3. It is sometimes, in old songs, a mere expletive.

When that I was and a little tiny boy. Shak.

4. If; though. See An , conj. [Obs.]

Chaucer.

As they will set an house on fire, and it were but to roast their eggs. Bacon.

And so forth , and others; and the rest; and similar things; and other things or ingredients. The abbreviation, etc. ( et cetera ), or &c. , is usually read and so forth .

Andabatism <Xpage=55>

An"da*ba*tism (#) , n. [L. andabata a kind of Roman gladiator, who fought hoodwinked.] Doubt; uncertainty. [Obs.]

Shelford.

Andalusite <Xpage=55>

An`da*lu"site (#) , n. (Min.) A silicate of aluminium, occurring usually in thick rhombic prisms, nearly square, of a grayish or pale reddish tint. It was first discovered in Andalusia, Spain.

Andante <Xpage=55>

An*dan"te (#) , a. [It. andante , p. pr. of andare to go.] (Mus.) Moving moderately slow, but distinct and flowing; quicker than larghetto, and slower than allegretto. -- n. A movement or piece in andante time.

Andantino <Xpage=55>

An`dan*ti"no (#) , a. [It., dim. of andante .] (Mus.) Rather quicker than andante; between that allegretto.

&hand; Some, taking andante in its original sense of "going," and andantino as its diminutive, or "less going," define the latter as slower than andante .

Andarac <Xpage=55>

An"da*rac (#) , n. [A corruption of sandarac .] Red orpiment.

Coxe.

Andean <Xpage=55>

An*de"an , a. Pertaining to the Andes.

Andesine <Xpage=55>

An"des*ine (#) , n. (Min.) A kind of triclinic feldspar found in the Andes .

Andesite <Xpage=55>

An"des*ite (#) , n. (Min.) An eruptive rock allied to trachyte, consisting essentially of a triclinic feldspar, with pyroxene, hornblende, or hypersthene.

Andine <Xpage=55>

An"dine (#) , a. Andean; as, Andine flora .

Andiron <Xpage=55>

And"i`ron (#) , n. [OE. anderne , aunderne , aundyre , OF. andier , F. landier , fr. LL. andena , andela , anderia , of unknown origin. The Eng. was prob. confused with brand - iron , AS. brand - \'c6sen .] A utensil for supporting wood when burning in a fireplace, one being placed on each side; a firedog; as, a pair of andirons .

Andranatomy <Xpage=55>

An`dra*nat"o*my (#) , n. [Gr. <?/, <?/, man + <?/: cf. F. andranatomie . See Anatomy , Androtomy .] The dissection of a human body, especially of a male; androtomy.

Coxe.

Andr\'d2cium <Xpage=55>

An*dr\'d2"ci*um (#) , n. [NL., from Gr. <?/, <?/, man + <?/ house.] (bot.) The stamens of a flower taken collectively.

Androgyne <Xpage=55>

An"dro*gyne (#) , n. 1. An hermaphrodite.

2. (Bot.) An androgynous plant.

Whewell.

Androgynous, Androgynal <Xpage=55>

An*drog"y*nous (#) , An*drog"y*nal (#) , a. [L. androgynus , Gr. <?/; <?/, <?/, man + <?/ woman: cf. F. androgyne .] 1. Uniting both sexes in one, or having the characteristics of both; being in nature both male and female; hermaphroditic.

Owen.

The truth is, a great mind must be androgynous . Coleridge.

2. (Bot.) Bearing both staminiferous and pistilliferous flowers in the same cluster.

Androgyny, Androgynism <Xpage=55>

An*drog"y*ny (#) , An*drog"y*nism (#) , n. Union of both sexes in one individual; hermaphroditism.

Android, Androides <Xpage=55>

An"droid (#) , An*droi"des (#) , n. [Gr. <?/ of man's form; <?/, <?/, man + <?/ form.] A machine or automaton in the form of a human being.

Android <Xpage=55>

An"droid , a. Resembling a man.

Andromeda <Xpage=55>

An*drom"e*da (#) , n. [L., fr. Gr. <?/, the daughter of Cepheus and Cassiopeia. When bound to a rock and exposed to a sea monster, she was delivered by Perseus.] 1. (Astron.) A northern constellation, supposed to represent the mythical Andromeda.

2. (bot.) A genus of ericaceous flowering plants of northern climates, of which the original species was found growing on a rock surrounded by water.

Andron <Xpage=55>

An"dron (#) , n. [L. andron , Gr. <?/, fr. <?/, <?/, man.] (Gr. & Rom. Arch.) The apartment appropriated for the males. This was in the lower part of the house.

Andropetalous <Xpage=55>

An`dro*pet"al*ous (#) , a. [Gr. <?/, <?/, man + <?/ leaf.] (Bot.) Produced by the conversion of the stamens into petals, as double flowers, like the garden ranunculus.

Brande.

Androphagi <Xpage=55>

An*droph"a*gi (#) , n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. <?/; <?/, <?/, man + <?/ to eat.] Cannibals; man-eaters; anthropophagi. [R.]

Androphagous <Xpage=55>

An*droph"a*gous (#) , a. Anthropophagous.

Androphore <Xpage=55>

An"dro*phore (#) , n. [Gr. <?/, <?/, man + <?/ to bear.] 1. (Bot.) A support or column on which stamens are raised.

Gray.

2. (Zo\'94l.) The part which in some Siphonophora bears the male gonophores.

Androsphinx <Xpage=55>

An"dro*sphinx (#) , n. [Gr. <?/, <?/, man + <?/ sphinx.] (Egypt. Art.) A man sphinx; a sphinx having the head of a man and the body of a lion.

Androspore <Xpage=55>

An"dro*spore (#) , n. [Gr. <?/, <?/, a man + <?/ a seed.] (Bot.) A spore of some alg\'91, which has male functions.

Androtomous <Xpage=55>

An*drot"o*mous (#) , a. (Bot.) Having the filaments of the stamens divided into two parts.

Androtomy <Xpage=55>

An*drot"o*my (#) , n. [Gr. <?/, <?/, man + <?/ a cutting. Cf. Anatomy .] Dissection of the human body, as distinguished from zo\'94tomy ; anthropotomy. [R.]

androus <Xpage=55>

*an"drous (#) . [Gr. <?/, <?/, a man.] (Bot.) A terminal combining form: Having a stamen or stamens; staminate; as, mon androus , with one stamen; poly androus , with many stamens.

Anear <Xpage=55>

A*near" (#) , prep. & adv. [Pref. a- + near .] Near. [R.] "It did not come anear ."

Coleridge.

The measure of misery anear us. I. Taylor.

Anear <Xpage=55>

A*near" , v. t. & i. To near; to approach. [Archaic]

Aneath <Xpage=55>

A*neath" (#) , prep. & adv. [Pref. a- + neath for beneath .] Beneath. [Scot.]

Anecdotage <Xpage=55>

An"ec*do`tage (#) , n. Anecdotes collectively; a collection of anecdotes.

All history, therefore, being built partly, and some of it altogether, upon anecdotage , must be a tissue of lies. De Quincey.

Anecdotal <Xpage=55>

An"ec*do`tal (#) , a. Pertaining to, or abounding with, anecdotes; as, anecdotal conversation .

Anecdote <Xpage=55>

An"ec*dote (#) , n. [F. anecdote , fr. Gr. <?/ not published; <?/ priv. + <?/ given out, <?/ to give out, to publish; <?/ out + <?/ to give. See Dose , n. ] 1. pl. Unpublished narratives.

Burke.

2. A particular or detached incident or fact of an interesting nature; a biographical incident or fragment; a single passage of private life.

Anecdotic, Anecdotical <Xpage=55>

An`ec*dot"ic (#) , An`ec*dot"ic*al (#) , a. Pertaining to, consisting of, or addicted to, anecdotes. " Anecdotical traditions."

Bolingbroke.

Anecdotist <Xpage=55>

An"ec*do"tist (#) , n. One who relates or collects anecdotes.

Anelace <Xpage=55>

An"e*lace (#) , n. Same as Anlace .

Anele <Xpage=55>

A*nele" (#) , v. t. [OE. anelien ; an on + AS. ele oil, L. oleum . See Oil , Anoil .] 1. To anoint.

Shipley.

2. To give extreme unction to. [Obs.]

R. of Brunne.

Anelectric <Xpage=55>

An`e*lec"tric (#) , a. [Gr. <?/ priv. + E. electric .] (Physics) Not becoming electrified by friction; -- opposed to idioelectric . -- n. A substance incapable of being electrified by friction.

Faraday.

Anelectrode <Xpage=55>

An`e*lec"trode (#) , n. [Gr. <?/ up + E. electrode .] (Elec.) The positive pole of a voltaic battery.

Anelectrotonus <Xpage=55>

An`e*lec*trot"o*nus (#) , n. [NL., fr. Gr. <?/ up + E. electrotonus .] (Physiol.) The condition of decreased irritability of a nerve in the region of the positive electrode or anode on the passage of a current of electricity through it.

Foster.

Anemogram <Xpage=55>

A*nem"o*gram (#) , n. [Gr. <?/ wind + -gram .] A record made by an anemograph.

Anemograph <Xpage=55>

A*nem"o*graph (#) , n. [Gr. <?/ wind + -graph .] An instrument for measuring and recording the direction and force of the wind.

Knight.

<page="56"> Page 56

Anemographic <Xpage=56>

A*nem`o*graph"ic (#) , a. Produced by an anemograph; of or pertaining to anemography.

Anemography <Xpage=56>

An`e*mog"ra*phy (#) , n. [Gr. <?/ wind + -graphy .] 1. A description of the winds.

2. The art of recording the direction and force of the wind, as by means of an anemograph.

Anemology <Xpage=56>

An`e*mol"o*gy (#) , n. [Gr. <?/ wind + -logy .] The science of the wind.

Anemometer <Xpage=56>

An`e*mom"e*ter (#) , n. [Gr. <?/ wind + -meter .] An instrument for measuring the force or velocity of the wind; a wind gauge.

Anemometric, Anemometrical <Xpage=56>

An`e*mo*met"ric (#) , An`e*mo*met"ric*al (#) , a. Of or pertaining to anemometry.

Anemometrograph <Xpage=56>

An`e*mo*met"ro*graph (#) , n. [ Anemometer + -graph .] An anemograph.

Knight.

Anemometry <Xpage=56>

An`e*mom"e*try (#) , n. The act or process of ascertaining the force or velocity of the wind.

Anemone <Xpage=56>

A*nem"o*ne (#) , n. [L. anemone , Gr. <?/, fr. <?/ wind.] 1. (Bot.) A genus of plants of the Ranunculus or Crowfoot family; windflower. Some of the species are cultivated in gardens.

2. (Zo\'94l.) The sea anemone. See Actinia , and Sea anemone .

&hand; This word is sometimes pronounced <?/n<?/<?/-m<?/<?/-n<?/ , especially by classical scholars.