Chapter 635

-- Frost valve , a valve to drain the portion of a pipe, hydrant, pump, etc., where water would be liable to freeze. -- Jack Frost , a popular personification of frost.

Frost <Xpage=599>

Frost (?) , v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Frostted ; p. pr. & vb. n. Frosting .] 1. To injure by frost; to freeze, as plants.

2. To cover with hoarfrost; to produce a surface resembling frost upon, as upon cake, metals, or glass.

While with a hoary light she frosts the ground. Wordsworth.

3. To roughen or sharpen, as the nail heads or calks of horseshoes, so as to fit them for frosty weather.

Frostbird <Xpage=599>

Frost"bird (?) , n. (Zo\'94l.) The golden plover.

Frostbite <Xpage=599>

Frost"bite (?) , n. The freezing, or effect of a freezing, of some part of the body, as the ears or nose.

Kane.

Frostbite <Xpage=599>

Frost`bite" , v. t. To expose to the effect of frost, or a frosty air; to blight or nip with frost.

My wife up and with Mrs. Pen to walk in the fields to frostbite themselves. Pepys.

Frost-bitten <Xpage=599>

Frost`-bit"ten (?) , p. a. Nipped, withered, or injured, by frost or freezing.

Frost-blite <Xpage=599>

Frost`-blite" (?) , n. (Bot.) (a) A plant of the genus Atriplex ; orache. Gray . (b) The lamb's-quarters ( Chenopodium album ).

Dr. Prior.

Frosted <Xpage=599>

Frost"ed , a. Covered with hoarfrost or anything resembling hoarfrost; ornamented with frosting; also, frost-bitten; as, a frosted cake; frosted glass .

Frosted work is introduced as a foil or contrast to burnished work. Knight.

Frostfish <Xpage=599>

Frost`fish" (?) , n. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The tomcod; -- so called because it is abundant on the New England coast in autumn at about the commencement of frost. See Tomcod . (b) The smelt . [Local, U. S.] (c) A name applied in New Zealand to the scabbard fish ( Lepidotus ) valued as a food fish.

Frostily <Xpage=599>

Frost"i*ly (?) , adv. In a frosty manner.

Frostiness <Xpage=599>

Frost"i*ness , n. State or quality of being frosty.

Frosting <Xpage=599>

Frost"ing , n. 1. A composition of sugar and beaten egg, used to cover or ornament cake, pudding, etc.

2. A lusterless finish of metal or glass; the process of producing such a finish.

Frostless <Xpage=599>

Frost"less , a. Free from frost; as, a frostless winter .

Frostweed <Xpage=599>

Frost"weed` (?) , n. (Bot.) An American species of rockrose ( Helianthemum Canadense ), sometimes used in medicine as an astringent or aromatic tonic.

&hand; It has large yellow flowers which are often sterile, and later it has abundant but inconspicuous flowers which bear seed. It is so called because, late in autumn, crystals of ice shoot from the cracked bark at the root; -- called also frostwort.

Frostwork <Xpage=599>

Frost`work" (?) , n. The figurework, often fantastic and delicate, which moisture sometimes forms in freezing, as upon a window pane or a flagstone.

Frostwort <Xpage=599>

Frost`wort" (?) , n. (Bot.) Same as Frostweed .

Frosty <Xpage=599>

Frost"y (?) , a. [Cf. AS. fyrstig .] 1. Attended with, or producing, frost; having power to congeal water; cold; freezing; as, a frosty night .

2. Covered with frost; as, the grass is frosty .

3. Chill in affection; without warmth of affection or courage.

Johnson.

4. Appearing as if covered with hoarfrost; white; gray-haired; as, a frosty head .

Shak.

Frote <Xpage=599>

Frote (?) , v. t. [F. frotter .] To rub or wear by rubbing; to chafe. [Obs.]

B. Jonson.

Froterer <Xpage=599>

Fro"ter*er (?) , n. One who frotes; one who rubs or chafes. [Obs.]

Marston.

Froth <Xpage=599>

Froth (?) , n. [OE. frothe , Icel. fro\'eba ; akin to Dan. fraade , Sw. fradga , AS. \'befreo\'eban to froth.]

1. The bubbles caused in fluids or liquors by fermentation or agitation; spume; foam; esp., a spume of saliva caused by disease or nervous excitement.

2. Any empty, senseless show of wit or eloquence; rhetoric without thought.

Johnson.

It was a long speech, but all froth . L'Estrange.

3. Light, unsubstantial matter.

Tusser.

Froth insect (Zo\'94l.) , the cuckoo spit or frog hopper; -- called also froth spit , froth worm , and froth fly . -- Froth spit . See Cuckoo spit , under Cuckoo.

Froth <Xpage=599>

Froth , v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Frothed (?) ; p. pr. & vb. n. . Frothing .] 1. To cause to foam.

2. To spit, vent, or eject, as froth.

He . . . froths treason at his mouth. Dryden.

Is your spleen frothed out, or have ye more? Tennyson.

3. To cover with froth; as, a horse froths his chain .

Froth <Xpage=599>

Froth , v. i. To throw up or out spume, foam, or bubbles; to foam; as beer froths ; a horse froths .

Frothily <Xpage=599>

Froth"i*ly (?) , adv. In a frothy manner.

Frothiness <Xpage=599>

Froth"i*ness , n. State or quality of being frothy.

Frothing <Xpage=599>

Froth"ing , n. Exaggerated declamation; rant.

Frothless <Xpage=599>

Froth"less , a. Free from froth.

Frothy <Xpage=599>

Froth"y (?) , a. [ Compar. Frothier (?) ; superl. Frothiest .] 1. Full of foam or froth, or consisting of froth or light bubbles; spumous; foamy.

2. Not firm or solid; soft; unstable.

Bacon.

3. Of the nature of froth; light; empty; unsubstantial; as, a frothy speaker or harangue .

Tillotson.

Frounce <Xpage=599>

Frounce (?) , v. i. [ imp. & p. p. Frounced (?) ; p. pr. & vb. n. Frouncing (?) .] [OE. frouncen , fronsen , to told, wrinkle, OF. froncier , F. froncer , perh. fr. an assumed LL. frontiare to wrinkle the forehead, L. frons forehead. See Front , and cf. Flounce part of a dress.] To gather into or adorn with plaits, as a dress; to form wrinkles in or upon; to curl or frizzle, as the hair.

Not tricked and frounced , as she was wont. Milton.

Frounce <Xpage=599>

Frounce , v. i. To form wrinkles in the forehead; to manifest displeasure; to frown. [Obs.]

The Commons frounced and stormed. Holland.

Frounce <Xpage=599>

Frounce , n. 1. A wrinkle, plait, or curl; a flounce; -- also, a frown. [Obs.]

Beau. & Fl.

2. An affection in hawks, in which white spittle gathers about the hawk's bill.

Booth.

Frounceless <Xpage=599>

Frounce"less , a. Without frounces.

Rom. of R.

Frouzy <Xpage=599>

Frou"zy (?) , a. [Prov. E. frouzy froward, peevish, offensive to the eye or smell; cf. froust a musty smell, frouse to rumple, frouze to curl, and E. frounce , frowy .] Fetid, musty; rank; disordered and offensive to the smell or sight; slovenly; dingy. See Frowzy . "Petticoats in frouzy heaps."

Swift.

Frow <Xpage=599>

Frow (?) , n. [D. vrouw ; akin to G. frau woman, wife, goth, fr\'a0uja master, lord, AS. fre\'a0 .] 1. A woman; especially, a Dutch or German woman.

Beau. & Fl.

2. A dirty woman; a slattern. [Prov. Eng.]

Halliwell.

Frow <Xpage=599>

Frow (?) , n. [Cf. Frower .] A cleaving tool with handle at right angles to the blade, for splitting cask staves and shingles from the block; a frower.

Frow <Xpage=599>

Frow (?) , a. Brittle. [Obs.]

Evelyn.

Froward <Xpage=599>

Fro"ward (?) , a. [ Fro + -ward . See Fro , and cf. Fromward .] Not willing to yield or compIy with what is required or is reasonable; perverse; disobedient; peevish; as, a froward child .

A froward man soweth strife. Prov. xvi. 28.

A froward retention of custom is as turbulent a thing as innovation. Bacon.

Syn. -- Untoward; wayward; unyielding; ungovernable: refractory; obstinate; petulant; cross; peevish. See Perverse .

-- Fro"ward*ly , adv. -- Fro"ward*ness , n.

Frower <Xpage=599>

Frow"er (?) , n. [Cf. frow a frower, and Prov. E, frommard .] A tool. See 2d Frow .

Tusser.

Frowey <Xpage=599>

Frow"ey (?) , a. [See Frow , a. ] (Carp.) Working smoothly, or without splitting; -- said of timber.

Frown <Xpage=599>

Frown (?) , v. i. [ imp. &, p. p. Frowned (?) ; p. pr. & vb. n. Frowning .] [OF. froignier , F. frogner , in se refrogner , se renfrogner , to knit the brow, to frown; perh. of Teutonic origin; cf. It. in frigno wrinkled, frowning, Prov. It. frignare to cringe the face, to make a wry face, dial. Sw. fryna to make a wry face,] 1. To contract the brow in displeasure, severity, or sternness; to scowl; to put on a stern, grim, or surly look.

The frowning wrinkle of her brow. Shak.

2. To manifest displeasure or disapprobation; to look with disfavor or threateningly; to lower; as, polite society frowns upon rudeness .

The sky doth frown and lower upon our army. Shak.

Frown <Xpage=599>

Frown , v. t. To repress or repel by expressing displeasure or disapproval; to rebuke with a look; as, frown the impudent fellow into silence .

Frown <Xpage=599>

Frown , n. 1. A wrinkling of the face in displeasure, rebuke, etc.; a sour, severe, or stere look; a scowl.

His front yet threatens, and his frowns command. Prior.

Her very frowns are fairer far Than smiles of other maidens are. H. Coleridge.

2. Any expression of displeasure; as, the frowns of Providence; the frowns of Fortune.

Frowningly <Xpage=599>

Frown"ing*ly , adv. In a frowning manner.

Frowny <Xpage=599>

Frown"y (?) , a. Frowning; scowling. [Obs.]

Her frowny mother's ragged shoulder. Sir F. Palgrave.

Frowy <Xpage=599>

Frow"y (?) , a. [Cf. Frowzy , Frouzy .] Musty. rancid; as, frowy butter . " Frowy feed."

Spenser

Frowzy <Xpage=599>

Frow"zy (?) , a. [See Frouzy .] Slovenly; unkempt; untidy; frouzy. "With head all frowzy ."

Spenser.

The frowzy soldiers' wives hanging out clothes. W. D. Howells.

Froze <Xpage=599>

Froze (?) , imp. of Freeze .

Frozen <Xpage=599>

Fro"zen (?) , a. 1. Congealed with cold; affected by freezing; as, a frozen brook .

They warmed their frozen feet. Dryden.

2. Subject to frost, or to long and severe cold; chilly; as, the frozen north; the frozen zones.

3. Cold-hearted; unsympathetic; unyielding. [R.]

Be not ever frozen , coy. T. Carew.

Frozenness <Xpage=599>

Fro"zen*ness , n. A state of being frozen.

Frubish <Xpage=599>

Frub"ish (?) , v. t. [See Furbish .] To rub up: to furbish. [Obs.]

Beau. c& Et.

Fructed <Xpage=599>

Fruc"ted (?) , a. [L. fructus fruit. See Fruit .] (Her.) Bearing fruit; -- said of a tree or plant so represented upon an escutcheon.

Cussans.

Fructescence <Xpage=599>

Fruc*tes"cence (?) , n. [L. fructus fruit.] (Bot.) The maturing or ripening of fruit. [R.]

Martyn.

Fructiculose <Xpage=599>

Fruc*tic"u*lose` (?) , a. Fruitful; full of fruit.

Fructidor <Xpage=599>

Fruc`ti`dor" (?) , n. [F., fr. L. fructus fruit.] The twelfth month of the French republican calendar; -- commencing August 18, and ending September 16. See Vend\'82miaire .

Fructiferuos <Xpage=599>

Fruc*tif"er*uos (?) , a. [L. fructifer ; fructus fruit + ferre to bear; cf. F. fructif\'8are .] Bearing or producing fruit.

Boyle.

Fructification <Xpage=599>

Fruc`ti*fi*ca"tion (?) , n. [L. fructificatio : cf. F. fructification .] 1. The act of forming or producing fruit; the act of fructifying, or rendering productive of fruit; fecundation.

The prevalent fructification of plants. Sir T. Brown.

2. (Bot.) (a) The collective organs by which a plant produces its fruit, or seeds, or reproductive spores. (b) The process of producing fruit, or seeds, or spores.

<page="600"> Page 600

<--p. 600 -->

Fructify <Xpage=600>

Fruc"ti*fy (?) , v. i. [F. fructifier , L. fructificare ; fructus fruit + ficare (only in comp.), akin to L. facere to make. See Fruit , and Fact .] To bear fruit. "Causeth the earth to fructify ."

Beveridge.

Fructify <Xpage=600>

Fruc"ti*fy , v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Fructified (?) ; p. pr. & vb. n. Fructifying .] To make fruitful; to render productive; to fertilize; as, to fructify the earth .

Fructose <Xpage=600>

Fruc*tose" (?) , n. [L. fructus fruit.] (Chem.) Fruit sugar; levulose. [R.]

Fructuary <Xpage=600>

Fruc"tu*a*ry (?) , n. ; pl. Fructuaries (#) . [L. fructuarius .] One who enjoys the profits, income, or increase of anything.

Kings are not proprietors nor fructuaries . Prynne.

Fructuation <Xpage=600>

Fruc"tu*a`tion (?) , n. Produce; fruit, [R.]

Fructuous <Xpage=600>

Fruc"tu*ous (?) , a. [L. fructuosus : cf, F. fructueux .] Fruitful; productive; profitable. [Obs.]

Nothing fructuous or profitable. Chaucer.

-- Fruc"tu*ous*ly , adv. -- Fruc"tu*ous*ness , n. [Obs.]

Fructure <Xpage=600>

Fruc"ture (?) , n. [L. frui , p. p. fructus , to enjoy. See Fruit , n. ] Use; fruition; enjoyment. [Obs.]

Cotgrave.

Frue vanner <Xpage=600>

Frue" van"ner (?) . [Etymol. uncertain.] (Mining) A moving, inclined, endless apron on which ore is concentrated by a current of water; a kind of buddle.

Frugal <Xpage=600>

Fru"gal (?) , a. [L. frugalis , fr. frugi , lit., for fruit ; hence, fit for food, useful, proper, temperate, the dative of frux , frugis , fruit, akin to E. fruit : cf. F. frugal . See Fruit , n. ] 1. Economical in the use or appropriation of resources; not wasteful or lavish; wise in the expenditure or application of force, materials, time, etc.; characterized by frugality; sparing; economical; saving; as, a frugal housekeeper; frugal of time.

I oft admire How Nature, wise and frugal , could commit Such disproportions. Milton.

2. Obtained by, or appropriate to, economy; as, a frugal fortune . " Frugal fare."

Dryden.

Frugality <Xpage=600>

Fru*gal"i*ty (?) , n. ; pl. Frugalities (#) . [L. frugalitas : cf. F. frugalit\'82 .] 1. The quality of being frugal; prudent economy; that careful management of anything valuable which expends nothing unnecessarily, and applies what is used to a profitable purpose; thrift; --- opposed to extravagance .

Frugality is founded on the principle that all riches have limits. Burke.

2. A sparing use; sparingness; as, frugality of praise .

Syn. -- Economy; parsimony. See Economy .

Frugally <Xpage=600>

Fru"gal*ly (?) , adv. Thriftily; prudently.

Frugalness <Xpage=600>

Fru"gal*ness , n. Quality of being frugal; frugality.

Frugiferous <Xpage=600>

Fru*gif"er*ous (?) , a. [L. frugifer ; frux , frugis , fruit + ferre to bear: cf. F. frugifere .] Producing fruit; fruitful; fructiferous.

Dr. H. More.

Frugivora <Xpage=600>

Fru*giv"o*ra (?) , n. pl. [NL. See Frugivorous .] (Zo\'94l.) The fruit bate; a group of the Cheiroptera, comprising the bats which live on fruits. See Eruit bat , under Fruit .

Frugivorous <Xpage=600>

Fru*giv"o*rous (?) , a. [L. frux , frugis , fruit + vorare to devour.: cf. F. frugivore .] Feeding on fruit, as birds and other animals.

Pennant.

Fruit <Xpage=600>

Fruit (?) , n. [OE. fruit , frut , F. fruit , from L. fructus enjoyment, product, fruit, from frui , p. p. fructus , to enjoy; akin to E. brook , v. t. See Broook , v. t. , and cf. Fructify , Frugal .] 1. Whatever is produced for the nourishment or enjoyment of man or animals by the processes of vegetable growth, as corn, grass, cotton, flax, etc.; -- commonly used in the plural.

Six years thou shalt sow thy land, and shalt gather in the fruits thereof. Ex. xxiii. 10.

2. (Hort.) The pulpy, edible seed vessels of certain plants, especially those grown on branches above ground, as apples, oranges, grapes, melons, berries, etc. See 3.

3. (Bot.) The ripened ovary of a flowering plant, with its contents and whatever parts are consolidated with it.

&hand; Fruits are classified as fleshy , drupaceous , and - dry . Fleshy fruits include berries, gourds, and melons, orangelike fruita and pomes; drupaceous fruits are stony within and fleshy without, as peaches, plums, and chercies;and dry fruits are further divided into achenes , follicles , legumes , capsules , nuts , and several other kinds.

4. (Bot.) The spore cases or conceptacles of flowerless plants, as of ferns, mosses, algae, etc., with the spores contained in them.

6. The produce of animals; offspring; young; as, the fruit of the womb, of the loins, of the body .

King Edward's fruit , true heir to the English crown. Shak.

6. That which is produced; the effect or consequence of any action; advantageous or desirable product or result; disadvantageous or evil consequence or effect; as, the fruits of labor, of self-denial, of intemperance .