Chapter 517

Encounterer <Xpage=489>

En*coun"ter*er (?) , n. One who encounters; an opponent; an antagonist.

Atterbury.

Encourage <Xpage=489>

En*cour"age (?; 48) , v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Encouraged (?; 48) ; p. pr. & vb. n. Encouraging (?) .] [F. encourager ; pref. en- (L. in ) + courage courage. See Courage .] To give courage to; to inspire with courage, spirit, or hope; to raise, or to increase, the confidence of; to animate; enhearten; to incite; to help forward; -- the opposite of discourage .

David encouraged himself in the Lord. 1 Sam. xxx. 6.

Syn. -- To embolden; inspirit; animate; enhearten; hearten; incite; cheer; urge; impel; stimulate; instigate; countenance; comfort; promote; advance; forward; strengthen.

Encouragement <Xpage=489>

En*cour"age*ment (?) , n. [Cf. F. encouragement .]

1. The act of encouraging; incitement to action or to practice; as, the encouragement of youth in generosity .

All generous encouragement of arts. Otway.

2. That which serves to incite, support, promote, or advance, as favor, countenance, reward, etc.; incentive; increase of confidence; as, the fine arts find little encouragement among a rude people .

To think of his paternal care, Is a most sweet encouragement to prayer. Byron.

Encourager <Xpage=489>

En*cour"a*ger (?) , n. One who encourages, incites, or helps forward; a favorer.

The pope is . . . a great encourager of arts. Addison.

Encouraging <Xpage=489>

En*cour"a*ging (?) , a. Furnishing ground to hope; inspiriting; favoring. -- En*cour"a*ging*ly , adv.

Encowl <Xpage=489>

En*cowl" (?) , v. t. To make a monk (or wearer of a cowl) of. [R.]

Drayton.

Encradle <Xpage=489>

En*cra"dle (?) , v. t. To lay in a cradle.

Encratite <Xpage=489>

En"cra*tite (?) , n. [L. Encratitae , pl., fr. Gr. <?/ self-disciplined; <?/ in + <?/ strength.] (Eccl. Hist.) One of a sect in the 2d century who abstained from marriage, wine, and animal food; -- called also Continent .

Encrease <Xpage=489>

En*crease" (?) , v. t. & i. [Obs.] See Increase .

Encrimson <Xpage=489>

En*crim"son (?) , v. t. To give a crimson or red color to; to crimson.

Shak.

Encrinic, Encrinal, Encrinital <Xpage=489>

En*crin"ic (?) , En*cri"nal (?) , En*crin"i*tal (?) , a. (Paleon.) Relating to encrinites; containing encrinites, as certain kinds of limestone.

Encrinite <Xpage=489>

En"cri*nite (?) , n. [Gr. <?/ in + <?/ a lily: cf. F. encrinite .] (Paleon.) A fossil crinoid, esp. one belonging to, or resembling, the genus Encrinus. Sometimes used in a general sense for any crinoid.

Encrinitic, Encrinitical <Xpage=489>

En`cri*nit"ic (?) , En`cri*nit"ic*al (?) , a. (Paleon.) Pertaining to encrinites; encrinal.

Encrinoidea <Xpage=489>

En`cri*noid"e*a (?) , n. pl. [NL. See Encrinus and -oid .] (Zo\'94l.) That order of the Crinoidea which includes most of the living and many fossil forms, having jointed arms around the margin of the oral disk; -- also called Brachiata and Articulata . See Illusts . under Comatula and Crinoidea .

Encrinus <Xpage=489>

En"cri*nus (?) , n. ; pl. Encrini (#) . [NL. See Encrinite .] (Paleon.) A genus of fossil encrinoidea, from the Mesozoic rocks.

Encrisped <Xpage=489>

En*crisped" (?) , a. Curled. [Obs.]

Skelton.

Encroach <Xpage=489>

En*croach" (?) , v. i. [ imp. & p. p. Encroached (?) ; p. pr. & vb. n. Encroaching .] [OF. encrochier to perch, prop., to hook, fasten a hook (perh. confused with acrochier , F. accrocher , to hook, get hold of, E. accroach ); pref. en- (L. in ) + F. croc hook. See Crook , and cf. Accroach .] To enter by gradual steps or by stealth into the possessions or rights of another; to trespass; to intrude; to trench; -- commonly with on or upon ; as, to encroach on a neighbor; to encroach on the highway.

No sense, faculty, or member must encroach upon or interfere with the duty and office of another. South.

Superstition, . . . a creeping and encroaching evil. Hooker.

Exclude the encroaching cattle from thy ground. Dryden.

Syn. -- To intrude; trench; infringe; invade; trespass.

Encroach <Xpage=489>

En*croach" , n. Encroachment. [Obs.]

South.

Encroacher <Xpage=489>

En*croach"er (?) , n. One who by gradual steps enters on, and takes possession of, what is not his own.

Encroachingly <Xpage=489>

En*croach"ing*ly , adv. By way of encroachment.

Encroachment <Xpage=489>

En*croach"ment (?) , n.

1. The act of entering gradually or silently upon the rights or possessions of another; unlawful intrusion.

An unconstitutional encroachment of military power on the civil establishment. Bancroft.

2. That which is taken by encroaching on another.

3. (Law) An unlawful diminution of the possessions of another.

Encrust <Xpage=489>

En*crust" (?) , v. t. To incrust. See Incrust .

Encrustment <Xpage=489>

En*crust"ment (?) , n. That which is formed as a crust; incrustment; incrustation.

Disengaging truth from its encrustment of error. I. Taylor.

Encumber <Xpage=489>

En*cum"ber (?) , v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Encumbered (?) ; p. pr. & vb. n. Encumbering .] [F. encombrer ; pref. en- (L. in ) + OF. combrer to hinder. See Cumber , and cf. Incumber .] <def > [Written also incumber .]

1. To impede the motion or action of, as with a burden; to retard with something superfluous; to weigh down; to obstruct or embarrass; as, his movements were encumbered by his mantle; his mind is encumbered with useless learning.

Not encumbered with any notable inconvenience. Hooker.

2. To load with debts, or other legal claims; as, to encumber an estate with mortgages .

Syn. -- To load; clog; oppress; overload; embarrass; perplex; hinder; retard; obstruct; check; block.

Encumberment <Xpage=489>

En*cum"ber*ment (?) , n. [Cf. F. encombrement .] Encumbrance. [R.]

Encumbrance <Xpage=489>

En*cum"brance (?) , n. [Cf. OF. encombrance . Cf. Incumbrance .]

1. That which encumbers; a burden which impedes action, or renders it difficult and laborious; a clog; an impediment. See Incumbrance .

2. (Law) Same as Incumbrance .

Syn. -- Burden; clog; impediment; check; hindrance.

Encumbrancer <Xpage=489>

En*cum"bran*cer (?) , n. (Law) Same as Incumbrancer .

Encurtain <Xpage=489>

En*cur"tain (?) , v. t. To inclose with curtains.

-ency <Xpage=489>

-en*cy (?) . [L. -entia .] A noun suffix having much the same meaning as - ence , but more commonly signifying the quality or state ; as, emerg ency , effici ency . See -ancy .

Encyclic, Encyclical <Xpage=489>

En*cyc"lic (?) , En*cyc"li*cal (?) , a. [L. encyclios of a circle, general, Gr. <?/; <?/ in + <?/ circle: cf. F. encyclique . See Cycle .] Sent to many persons or places; intended for many, or for a whole order of men; general; circular; as, an encyclical letter of a council, of a bishop, or the pope .

Encyclic, Encyclical <Xpage=489>

En*cyc"lic , En*cyc"li*cal , n. An encyclical letter, esp. one from a pope.

Shipley.

Encyclopedia, Encyclop\'91dia <Xpage=489>

En*cy`clo*pe"di*a , En*cy`clo*p\'91"di*a (?) , n. [NL., fr. Gr. <?/, for <?/ <?/, instruction in the circle of arts and sciences: cf. F. encyclop\'82die . See Cyclopedia , and Encyclical .] [Formerly written encyclop\'91dy and encyclopedy .] The circle of arts and sciences; a comprehensive summary of knowledge, or of a branch of knowledge; esp., a work in which the various branches of science or art are discussed separately, and usually in alphabetical order; a cyclopedia.

Encyclopediacal <Xpage=489>

En*cy`clo*pe*di"a*cal (?) , a. Encyclopedic.

Encyclopedian <Xpage=489>

En*cy`clo*pe"di*an (?) , a. Embracing the whole circle of learning, or a wide range of subjects.

Encyclopedic, Encyclopedical <Xpage=489>

En*cy`clo*ped"ic (?) , En*cy`clo*ped"ic*al (?) , a. [Cf. F. encyclop\'82dique .] Pertaining to, or of the nature of, an encyclopedia; embracing a wide range of subjects.

Encyclopedism <Xpage=489>

En*cy`clo*pe"dism (?) , n. The art of writing or compiling encyclopedias; also, possession of the whole range of knowledge; encyclopedic learning.

Encyclopedist <Xpage=489>

En*cy`clo*pe"dist (?) , n. [Cf. F. encyclop\'82diste .] The compiler of an encyclopedia, or one who assists in such compilation; also, one whose knowledge embraces the whole range of the sciences.

The Encyclopedists , the writers of the great French encyclopedia which appeared in 1751-1772. The editors were Diderot and D'Alembert. Among the contributors were Voltaire and Rousseau.

Encyst <Xpage=489>

En*cyst" (?) , v. t. To inclose in a cyst.

Encystation <Xpage=489>

En`cys*ta"tion (?) , n. Encystment.

Encysted <Xpage=489>

En*cyst"ed (?) , a. Inclosed in a cyst, or a sac, bladder, or vesicle; as, an encysted tumor .

The encysted venom, or poison bag, beneath the adder's fang. Coleridge.

Encystment <Xpage=489>

En*cyst"ment (?) , n.

1. (Biol.) A process which, among some of the lower forms of life, precedes reproduction by budding, fission, spore formation, etc.

&hand; The animal ( a ) first contracts its body to a globular mass ( b ) and then secretes a transparent cyst ( c ), after which the mass divides into two or more parts (as in d e ), each of which attains freedom by the bursting of the cyst, and becomes an individual animal.

2. (Zo\'94l.) A process by which many internal parasites, esp. in their larval states, become inclosed within a cyst in the muscles, liver, etc. See Trichina .

End <Xpage=489>

End (?) , n. [OE. & AS. ende ; akin to OS. endi , D. einde , eind , OHG. enti , G. ende , Icel. endir , endi , Sw. \'84nde , Dan. ende , Goth. andeis , Skr. anta . <?/<?/<?/<?/. Cf. Ante- , Anti- , Answer .]

1. The extreme or last point or part of any material thing considered lengthwise (the extremity of breadth being side ); hence, extremity, in general; the concluding part; termination; close; limit; as, the end of a field, line, pole, road; the end of a year, of a discourse; put an end to pain ; -- opposed to beginning , when used of anything having a first part.

Better is the end of a thing than the beginning thereof. Eccl. vii. 8.

2. Point beyond which no procession can be made; conclusion; issue; result, whether successful or otherwise; conclusive event; consequence.

My guilt be on my head, and there an end . Shak.

O that a man might know The end of this day's business ere it come! Shak.

3. Termination of being; death; destruction; extermination; also, cause of death or destruction.

Unblamed through life, lamented in thy end . Pope.

Confound your hidden falsehood, and award Either of you to be the other's end . Shak.

I shall see an end of him. Shak.

4. The object aimed at in any effort considered as the close and effect of exertion; ppurpose; intention; aim; as, to labor for private or public ends .

Losing her, the end of living lose. Dryden.

When every man is his own end , all things will come to a bad end. Coleridge.

5. That which is left; a remnant; a fragment; a scrap; as, odds and ends .

I clothe my naked villainy With old odd ends stolen out of holy writ, And seem a saint, when most I play the devil. Shak.

6. (Carpet Manuf.) One of the yarns of the worsted warp in a Brussels carpet.

<page="490"> Page 490

An end . (a) On end; upright; erect; endways. Spenser (b) To the end; continuously. [Obs.] Richardson . -- End bulb (Anat.) , one of the bulblike bodies in which some sensory nerve fibers end in certain parts of the skin and mucous membranes; -- also called end corpuscles . -- End fly , a bobfly. -- End for end , one end for the other; in reversed order. -- End man , the last man in a row; one of the two men at the extremities of a line of minstrels. -- End on (Naut.) , bow foremost. -- End organ (Anat.) , the structure in which a nerve fiber ends, either peripherally or centrally. -- End plate (Anat.) , one of the flat expansions in which motor nerve fibers terminate on muscular fibers. -- End play (Mach.) , movement endwise, or room for such movement. -- End stone (Horol.) , one of the two plates of a jewel in a timepiece; the part that limits the pivot's end play. -- Ends of the earth , the remotest regions of the earth. -- In the end , finally. Shak . -- On end , upright; erect. -- To the end , in order. Bacon . -- To make both ends meet , to live within one's income. Fuller . -- To put an end to , to destroy.

End <Xpage=490>

End (?) , v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Ended ; p. pr. & vb. n. Ending .]

1. To bring to an end or conclusion; to finish; to close; to terminate; as, to end a speech . "I shall end this strife."

Shak.

On the seventh day God ended his work. Gen. ii. 2.

2. To form or be at the end of; as, the letter k ends the word back .

3. To destroy; to put to death. "This sword hath ended him."

Shak.

To end up , to lift or tilt, so as to set on end; as, to end up a hogshead.

End <Xpage=490>

End , v. i. To come to the ultimate point; to be finished; to come to a close; to cease; to terminate; as, a voyage ends ; life ends ; winter ends .

Endable <Xpage=490>

End"a*ble (?) , a. That may be ended; terminable.

Endall <Xpage=490>

End"*all` (?) , n. Complete termination. [R.]

That but this blow Might be the be-all and the end-all here. Shak.

Endamage <Xpage=490>

En*dam"age (?; 48) , v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Endamaged (?; 48) ; p. pr. & vb. n. Endamaging (?) .] [Pref. en- + damage : cf. F. endommager .] To bring loss or damage to; to harm; to injure. [R.]

The trial hath endamaged thee no way. Milton.

Endamageable <Xpage=490>

En*dam"age*a*ble (?) , a. Capable of being damaged, or injured; damageable. [Obs.]

Endamagement <Xpage=490>

En*dam"age*ment (?) , n. [Cf. F. endommagement .] Damage; injury; harm. [Obs.]

Shak.

Endamnify <Xpage=490>

En*dam"ni*fy (?) , v. t. To damnify; to injure. [R.]

Sandys.

Endanger <Xpage=490>

En*dan"ger (?) , v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Endangered (?) ; p. pr. & vb. n. Endangering .]

1. To put to hazard; to bring into danger or peril; to expose to loss or injury; as, to endanger life or peace .

All the other difficulties of his reign only exercised without endangering him. Burke.

2. To incur the hazard of; to risk. [Obs.]

He that turneth the humors back . . . endangereth malign ulcers. Bacon.

Endangerment <Xpage=490>

En*dan"ger*ment (?) , n. Hazard; peril.

Milton.

Endark <Xpage=490>

En*dark" (?) , v. t. To darken. [Obs.]

Feltham.

Endaspidean <Xpage=490>

En`das*pid"e*an (?) , a. [ End o- + Gr. <?/, <?/, a shield.] (Zo\'94l.) Having the anterior scutes extending around the tarsus on the inner side; -- said of certain birds.

Endazzle <Xpage=490>

En*daz"zle (?) , v. t. To dazzle. [Obs.] " Endazzled eyes."

Milton.

Endear <Xpage=490>

En*dear" (?) , v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Endeared (?) ; p. pr. & vb. n. Endearing .]

1. To make dear or beloved. "To be endeared to a king."

Shak.

2. To raise the price or cost of; to make costly or expensive. [R.]

King James I. (1618).

Endearedly <Xpage=490>

En*dear"ed*ly (?) , adv. With affection or endearment; dearly.

Endearedness <Xpage=490>

En*dear"ed*ness , n. State of being endeared.

Endearing <Xpage=490>

En*dear"ing , a. Making dear or beloved; causing love. -- En*dear"ing*ly , adv.

Endearment <Xpage=490>

En*dear"ment (?) , n. The act of endearing or the state of being endeared; also, that which manifests, excites, or increases, affection. "The great endearments of prudent and temperate speech."

Jer. Taylor.

Her first endearments twining round the soul. Thomson.

Endeavor <Xpage=490>

En*deav"or (?) , v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Endeavored (?) ; p. pr. & vb. n. Endeavoring .] [OE. endevor ; pref. en- + dever , devoir , duty, F. devoir : cf. F. se mettre en devoir de faire quelque chose to try to do a thing, to go about it. See Devoir , Debt .] [Written also endeavour .] To exert physical or intellectual strength for the attainment of; to use efforts to effect; to strive to achieve or reach; to try; to attempt.

It is our duty to endeavor the recovery of these beneficial subjects. Ld. Chatham.

To endeavor one's self , to exert one's self strenuously to the fulfillment of a duty. [Obs.] "A just man that endeavoreth himself to leave all wickedness."

Latimer.

Endeavor <Xpage=490>

En*deav"or , v. i. To exert one's self; to work for a certain end.

And such were praised who but endeavored well. Pope.

Usually with an infinitive; as, to endeavor to outstrip an antagonist.

He had . . . endeavored earnestly to do his duty. Prescott.