The Gutenberg Webster's Unabridged Dictionary
Chapter 506
El"e*ment (?) , v. t. 1. To compound of elements or first principles. [Obs.] "[Love] being elemented too."
Donne.
2. To constitute; to make up with elements.
His very soul was elemented of nothing but sadness. Walton.
Elemental <Xpage=479>
El`e*men"tal (?) , a. 1. Pertaining to the elements, first principles, and primary ingredients, or to the four supposed elements of the material world; as, elemental air . " Elemental strife."
Pope.
2. Pertaining to rudiments or first principles; rudimentary; elementary. "The elemental rules of erudition."
Cawthorn.
Elementalism <Xpage=479>
El`e*men"tal*ism (?) , a. The theory that the heathen divinities originated in the personification of elemental powers.
Elementality <Xpage=479>
E`le*men*tal"i*ty (?) , n. The condition of being composed of elements, or a thing so composed.
Elementally <Xpage=479>
El`e*men"tal*ly (?) , adv. According to elements; literally; as, the words, "Take, eat; this is my body," elementally understood .
Elementar <Xpage=479>
El`e*men"tar (?) , a. Elementary. [Obs.]
Skelton.
Elementariness <Xpage=479>
El`e*men"ta*ri*ness (?) , n. The state of being elementary; original simplicity; uncompounded state.
Elementarity <Xpage=479>
El`e*men*tar"i*ty (?) , n. Elementariness. [Obs.]
Sir T. Browne.
Elementary <Xpage=479>
El`e*men"ta*ry (?) , a. [L. elementarius : cf. F. \'82l\'82mentaire .]
1. Having only one principle or constituent part; consisting of a single element; simple; uncompounded; as, an elementary substance .
2. Pertaining to, or treating of, the elements, rudiments, or first principles of anything; initial; rudimental; introductory; as, an elementary treatise .
3. Pertaining to one of the four elements, air, water, earth, fire. "Some luminous and fiery impressions in the elementary region."
J. Spencer.
Elementation <Xpage=479>
El`e*men*ta"tion (?) , n. Instruction in the elements or first principles. [R.]
Elementoid <Xpage=479>
El"e*men*toid` (?) , a. [ Element + -oid .] Resembling an element.
Elemi <Xpage=479>
El"e*mi (?) , n. [Cf. F. \'82lemi , It. elemi , Sp. elemi ; of American or Oriental. origin.] A fragrant gum resin obtained chiefly tropical trees of the genera Amyris and Canarium . A. elemifera yields Mexican elemi; C. commune , the Manila elemi. It is used in the manufacture of varnishes, also in ointments and plasters.
Elemin <Xpage=479>
El"e*min (?) , n. (Chem.) A transparent, colorless oil obtained from elemi resin by distillation with water; also, a crystallizable extract from the resin.
Elench <Xpage=479>
E*lench" (?) , n. ; pl. Elenchs (#) . [L. elenchus , Gr. <?/, fr. <?/ to convict, confute, prove: cf. OF. elenche .] (Logic) (a) That part of an argument on which its conclusiveness depends; that which convinces of refutes an antagonist; a refutation. (b) A specious but fallacious argument; a sophism.
Elenchical <Xpage=479>
E*len"chic*al (?) , a. Pertaining to an elench.
Elenchically <Xpage=479>
E*len"chic*al*ly , adv. By means of an elench.
Elenchize <Xpage=479>
E*len"chize (?) , v. i. To dispute. [R.]
B. Jonson.
Elenchtic, Elenchtical <Xpage=479>
E*lench"tic , E*lench"tic*al (?) , a. Same as Elenctic .
Elenchus <Xpage=479>
E*len"chus (?) , n. [L.] Same as Elench .
Elenctic, Elenctical <Xpage=479>
E*lenc"tic (?) , E*lenc"tic*al (?) , a. [Gr.<?/.] (Logic) Serving to refute; refutative; -- applied to indirect modes of proof, and opposed to deictic .
Elenge <Xpage=479>
El"enge (?) , a. [Cf. AS. ellende foreign, strange, G. elend miserable.] Sorrowful; wretched; full of trouble. [Obs.]
Chaucer.
Elengeness <Xpage=479>
El"enge*ness , n. Loneliness; misery. [Obs.]
Elephansy <Xpage=479>
El"e*phan*sy (?) , n. [L. elephantia .] Elephantiasis. [Obs.]
Holland.
Elephant <Xpage=479>
El"e*phant (?) , n. [OE. elefaunt , olifant , OF. olifant , F. \'82l\'82phant , L. elephantus , elephas , -antis , fr. Gr. <?/, <?/; of unknown origin; perh. fr. Skr. ibha , with the Semitic article al , el , prefixed, or fr. Semitic Aleph hindi Indian bull; or cf. Goth. ulbandus camel, AS. olfend .]
1. (Zo\'94l.) A mammal of the order Proboscidia, of which two living species, Elephas Indicus and E. Africanus , and several fossil species, are known. They have a proboscis or trunk, and two large ivory tusks proceeding from the extremity of the upper jaw, and curving upwards. The molar teeth are large and have transverse folds. Elephants are the largest land animals now existing.
2. Ivory; the tusk of the elephant. [Obs.]
Dryden. <-- Illustr. of Elephant. -->
Elephant apple (Bot.) , an East Indian fruit with a rough, hard rind, and edible pulp, borne by Feronia elephantum , a large tree related to the orange. -- Elephant bed (Geol.) , at Brighton, England, abounding in fossil remains of elephants. Mantell . -- Elephant beetle (Zo\'94l.) , any very large beetle of the genus Goliathus (esp. G. giganteus ), of the family Scarab\'91id\'91 . They inhabit West Africa. -- Elephant fish (Zo\'94l.) , a chim\'91roid fish ( Callorhynchus antarcticus ), with a proboscis-like projection of the snout. -- Elephant paper , paper of large size, 23 × 28 inches. -- Double elephant paper , paper measuring 26<?/ × 40 inches. See Note under Paper . -- Elephant seal (Zo\'94l.) , an African jumping shrew ( Macroscelides typicus ), having a long nose like a proboscis. -- Elephant's ear (Bot.) , a name given to certain species of the genus Begonia, which have immense one-sided leaves. -- Elephant's foot (Bot.) (a) A South African plant ( Testudinaria Elephantipes ), which has a massive rootstock covered with a kind of bark cracked with deep fissures; -- called also tortoise plant . The interior part is barely edible, whence the plant is also called Hottentot's bread . (b) A genus ( Elephantopus ) of coarse, composite weeds. -- Elephant's tusk (Zo\'94l.) , the tooth shell. See Dentalium .
Elephantiac <Xpage=479>
El`e*phan"ti*ac (?) , a. (Med.) Affected with elephantiasis; characteristic of elephantiasis.
Elephantiasis <Xpage=479>
El`e*phan*ti"a*sis (?) , n. [L., fr. Gr. <?/, from <?/, <?/, an elephant.] (Med.) A disease of the skin, in which it become enormously thickened, and is rough, hard, and fissured, like an elephant's hide.
Elephantine <Xpage=479>
El`e*phan"tine (?) , a. [L. elephantinus of ivory, Gr. <?/: cf. F. \'82l\'82phantin .] Pertaining to the elephant, or resembling an elephant (commonly, in size); hence, huge; immense; heavy; as, of elephantine proportions; an elephantine step or tread.
Elephantine epoch (Geol.) , the epoch distinguished by the existence of large pachyderms. Mantell . -- Elephantine tortoise (Zo\'94l.) , a huge land tortoise; esp., Testudo elephantina , from islands in the Indian Ocean; and T. elephantopus , from the Galapagos Islands.
Elephantoid; 277, Elephantoidal <Xpage=479>
El"e*phan*toid` (?; 277) , El`e*phan*toid"al (?) , a. [ Elephant + -oid .] (Zo\'94l.) Resembling an elephant in form or appearance.
Eleusinian <Xpage=479>
El`eu*sin"i*an (?) , a. [L. Eleusinius , Gr. <?/.] Pertaining to Eleusis, in Greece, or to secret rites in honor of Ceres, there celebrated; as, Eleusinian mysteries or festivals .
Eleutheromania <Xpage=479>
E*leu`ther*o*ma"ni*a (?) , n. [Gr. <?/ free + E. mania .] A mania or frantic zeal for freedom. [R.]
Carlyle.
Eleutheromaniac <Xpage=479>
E*leu`ther*o*ma"ni*ac , a. Mad for freedom. [R.]
Eleuthero-petalous <Xpage=479>
E*leu`ther*o-pet"al*ous (?) , a. [Gr. <?/ free + E. petal .] (Bot.) Having the petals free, that is, entirely separate from each other; -- said of both plant and flower.
Elevate <Xpage=479>
El"e*vate (?) , a. [L. elevatus , p. p.] Elevated; raised aloft. [Poetic]
Milton.
Elevate <Xpage=479>
El"e*vate (?) , v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Elevated (?) ; p. pr. & vb. n. Elevating (?) .] [L. elevatus , p. p. of elevare ; e + levare to lift up, raise, akin to levis light in weight. See Levity .]
1. To bring from a lower place to a higher; to lift up; to raise; as, to elevate a weight, a flagstaff, etc.
2. To raise to a higher station; to promote; as, to elevate to an office, or to a high social position .
3. To raise from a depressed state; to animate; to cheer; as, to elevate the spirits .
4. To exalt; to ennoble; to dignify; as, to elevate the mind or character .
5. To raise to a higher pitch, or to a greater degree of loudness; -- said of sounds; as, to elevate the voice .
6. To intoxicate in a slight degree; to render tipsy. [Colloq. & Sportive] "The elevated cavaliers sent for two tubs of merry stingo."
Sir W. Scott.
7. To lessen; to detract from; to disparage. [A Latin meaning] [Obs.]
Jer. Taylor.
To elevate a piece (Gun.) , to raise the muzzle; to lower the breech.
Syn. -- To exalt; dignify; ennoble; erect; raise; hoist; heighten; elate; cheer; flush; excite; animate.
Elevated <Xpage=479>
El"e*va`ted (?) , a. Uplifted; high; lofty; also, animated; noble; as, elevated thoughts .
Elevated railway , one in which the track is raised considerably above the ground, especially a city railway above the line of street travel.
Elevatedness <Xpage=479>
El"e*va`ted*ness , n. The quality of being elevated.
Elevation <Xpage=479>
El`e*va"tion (?) , n. [L. elevatio : cf. F. \'82l\'82vation .]
1. The act of raising from a lower place, condition, or quality to a higher; -- said of material things, persons, the mind, the voice, etc.; as, the elevation of grain; elevation to a throne; elevation of mind, thoughts, or character.
2. Condition of being elevated; height; exaltation. "Degrees of elevation above us."
Locke.
His style . . . wanted a little elevation . Sir H. Wotton.
3. That which is raised up or elevated; an elevated place or station; as, an elevation of the ground ; a hill.
4. (Astron.) The distance of a celestial object above the horizon, or the arc of a vertical circle intercepted between it and the horizon; altitude; as, the elevation of the pole, or of a star .
5. (Dialing) The angle which the style makes with the substylar line.
6. (Gunnery) The movement of the axis of a piece in a vertical plane; also, the angle of elevation, that is, the angle between the axis of the piece and the line o<?/ sight; -- distinguished from direction .
7. (Drawing) A geometrical projection of a building, or other object, on a plane perpendicular to the horizon; orthographic projection on a vertical plane; -- called by the ancients the orthography .
Angle of elevation (Geodesy) , the angle which an ascending line makes with a horizontal plane. -- Elevation of the host (R. C. Ch.) , that part of the Mass in which the priest raises the host above his head for the people to adore.
Elevator <Xpage=479>
El"e*va`tor (?) , n. [L., one who raises up, a deliverer: cf. F. \'82l\'82vateur .] One who, or that which, raises or lifts up anything ; as: (a) A mechanical contrivance, usually an endless belt or chain with a series of scoops or buckets, for transferring grain to an upper loft for storage . (b) A cage or platform and the hoisting machinery in a hotel, warehouse, mine, etc., for conveying persons, goods, etc., to or from different floors or levels; -- called in England a lift ; the cage or platform itself . (c) A building for elevating, storing, and discharging, grain . (d) (Anat.) A muscle which serves to raise a part of the body, as the leg or the eye . (e) (Surg.) An instrument for raising a depressed portion of a bone.
Elevator head , leg , ∧ boot , the boxes in which the upper pulley, belt, and lower pulley, respectively, run in a grain elevator.
Elevatory <Xpage=479>
El"e*va`to*ry (?) , a. Tending to raise, or having power to elevate; as, elevatory forces .
Elevatory <Xpage=479>
El"e*va`to*ry , n. [Cf. F. \'82l\'82vatoire .] (Surg.) See Elevator , n. (e) .
Dunglison.
<page="480"> Page 480
\'90l\'8ave <Xpage=480>
\'90`l\'8ave" (<?/) , n. [F., fr. \'82lever to raise, bring up.] A pupil; a student .
Eleven <Xpage=480>
E*lev"en (?) , a. [OE. enleven , AS. endleofan , endlufon , for nleofan ; akin to LG. eleve , \'94lwe , \'94lwen , D. elf , G. elf , eilf , OHG. einlif , Icel. ellifu , Sw. elfva , Dan. elleve , Goth. ainlif , cf. Lith. v\'89nolika ; and fr. the root of E. one + (prob.) a root signifying "to be left over, remain," appearing in E. loan , or perh. in leave , v. t., life . See One , and cf. Twelve .] Ten and one added; as, eleven men .
Eleven <Xpage=480>
E*lev"en , n. 1. The sum of ten and one; eleven units or objects.
2. A symbol representing eleven units, as 11 or xi.
3. (Cricket & American Football) The eleven men selected to play on one side in a match, as the representatives of a club or a locality; as, the all-England eleven .
Eleventh <Xpage=480>
E*lev"enth (?) , a. [Cf. AS. endlyfta . See Eleven .]
1. Next after the tenth; as, the eleventh chapter .
2. Constituting one of eleven parts into which a thing is divided; as, the eleventh part of a thing .
3. (Mus.) Of or pertaining to the interval of the octave and the fourth.
Eleventh <Xpage=480>
E*lev"enth , n. 1. The quotient of a unit divided by eleven; one of eleven equal parts.
2. (Mus.) The interval consisting of ten conjunct degrees; the interval made up of an octave and a fourth.
Elf <Xpage=480>
Elf (?) , n. ; pl. Elves (#) . [AS. \'91lf , ylf ; akin to MHG. alp , G. alp nightmare, incubus, Icel. <?/ltr elf, Sw. alf , elfva ; cf. Skr. rbhu skillful, artful, rabh to grasp. Cf. Auf , Oaf .]
1. An imaginary supernatural being, commonly a little sprite, much like a fairy; a mythological diminutive spirit, supposed to haunt hills and wild places, and generally represented as delighting in mischievous tricks.
Every elf , and fairy sprite, Hop as light as bird from brier. Shak.
2. A very diminutive person; a dwarf.
Elf arrow , a flint arrowhead; -- so called by the English rural folk who often find these objects of prehistoric make in the fields and formerly attributed them to fairies; -- called also elf bolt , elf dart , and elf shot . -- Elf child , a child supposed to be left by elves, in room of one they had stolen. See Changeling . -- Elf fire , the ignis fatuus. Brewer . -- Elf owl (Zo\'94l.) , a small owl ( Micrathene Whitneyi ) of Southern California and Arizona.
Elf <Xpage=480>
Elf , v. t. To entangle mischievously, as an elf might do.
Elf all my hair in knots. Shak.
Elfin <Xpage=480>
Elf"in (?) , a. Relating to elves.
Elfin <Xpage=480>
Elf"in , n. A little elf or urchin.
Shenstone.
Elfish <Xpage=480>
Elf"ish , a. Of or relating to the elves; elflike; implike; weird; scarcely human; mischievous, as though caused by elves. " Elfish light."
Coleridge.
The elfish intelligence that was so familiar an expression on her small physiognomy. Hawthorne.
Elfishly <Xpage=480>
Elf"ish*ly , adv. In an elfish manner.
Elfishness <Xpage=480>
Elf"ish*ness , n. The quality of being elfish.
Elfkin <Xpage=480>
Elf"kin (?) , n. A little elf.
Elfland <Xpage=480>
Elf"land` (?) , n. Fairyland.
Tennyson.
Elflock <Xpage=480>
Elf"lock` (?) , n. Hair matted, or twisted into a knot, as if by elves.
Elgin marbles <Xpage=480>
El"gin mar"bles (?) . Greek sculptures in the British Museum. They were obtained at Athens, about 1811, by Lord Elgin.
Elicit <Xpage=480>
E*lic"it (?) , a. [L. elictus , p. p. of elicere to elicit; e + lacere to entice. Cf. Delight , Lace .] Elicited; drawn out; made real; open; evident. [Obs.] "An elicit act of equity."
Jer. Taylor.
Elicit <Xpage=480>
E*lic"it , v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Elicited ; p. pr. & vb. n. Eliciting .] To draw out or entice forth; to bring to light; to bring out against the will; to deduce by reason or argument; as, to elicit truth by discussion .
Elicitate <Xpage=480>
E*lic"i*tate (?) , v. t. To elicit. [Obs.]
Elicitation <Xpage=480>
E*lic`i*ta"tion (?) , n. The act of eliciting. [Obs.]
Abp. Bramhall.
Elide <Xpage=480>
E*lide" (?) , v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Elided ; p. pr. & vb. n. Eliding .] [L. elidere to strike out or off; e + laedere to hurt by striking: cf. F. \'82lider . See Lesion .]
1. To break or dash in pieces; to demolish; as, to elide the force of an argument . [Obs.]
Hooker.
2. (Gram.) To cut off, as a vowel or a syllable, usually the final one; to subject to elision.
Eligibility <Xpage=480>
El`i*gi*bil"i*ty (?) , n. [Cf. F. \'82ligibilit\'82 .] The quality of being eligible; eligibleness; as, the eligibility of a candidate; the eligibility of an offer of marriage.
Eligible <Xpage=480>
El"i*gi*ble (?) , a. [F. \'82ligible , fr. L. eligere . See Elect .]