Chapter 489

With any boy at dust-point they shall play. Peacham (1620).

Dusty <Xpage=462>

Dust"y (?) , a. [ Compar. Dustier (?) ; superl. Dustiest (?) .] [AS. dystig . See Dust .]

1. Filled, covered, or sprinkled with dust; clouded with dust; as, a dusty table ; also, reducing to dust.

And all our yesterdays have lighted fools The way to dusty death. Shak.

2. Like dust; of the color of dust; as a dusty white.

Dusty miller (Bot.) , a plant ( Cineraria maritima ); -- so called because of the ashy-white coating of its leaves.

Dutch <Xpage=462>

Dutch (?) , a. [D. duitsch German; or G. deutsch , orig., popular, national, OD. dietsc , MHG. diutsch , tiutsch , OHG. diutisk , fr. diot , diota , a people, a nation; akin to AS. pe\'a2d , OS. thiod , thioda , Goth. piuda ; cf. Lith. tauta land, OIr. tuath people, Oscan<-- ??sic --> touto . The English have applied the name especially to the Germanic people living nearest them, the Hollanders. Cf. Derrick , Teutonic .] Pertaining to Holland, or to its inhabitants.

Dutch auction . See under Auction . -- Dutch cheese , a small, pound, hard cheese, made from skim milk. -- Dutch clinker , a kind of brick made in Holland. It is yellowish, very hard, and long and narrow in shape. -- Dutch clover (Bot.) , common white clover ( Trifolium repens ), the seed of which was largely imported into England from Holland. -- Dutch concert , a so-called concert in which all the singers sing at the same time different songs. [Slang] -- Dutch courage , the courage of partial intoxication. [Slang] Marryat . -- Dutch door , a door divided into two parts, horizontally, so arranged that the lower part can be shut and fastened, while the upper part remains open. -- Dutch foil , Dutch leaf , &or; Dutch gold , a kind of brass rich in copper, rolled or beaten into thin sheets, used in Holland to ornament toys and paper; -- called also Dutch mineral , Dutch metal , brass foil , and bronze leaf . -- Dutch liquid (Chem.) , a thin, colorless, volatile liquid, C2H4Cl2 , of a sweetish taste and a pleasant ethereal odor, produced by the union of chlorine and ethylene or olefiant gas; -- called also Dutch oil . It is so called because discovered (in 1795) by an association of four Hollandish chemists. See Ethylene , and Olefiant . <-- = ethylene chloride --> -- Dutch oven , a tin screen for baking before an open fire or kitchen range; also, in the United States, a shallow iron kettle for baking, with a cover to hold burning coals. -- Dutch pink , chalk, or whiting dyed yellow, and used in distemper, and for paper staining. etc. Weale . -- Dutch rush (Bot.) , a species of horsetail rush or Equisetum ( E. hyemale ) having a rough, siliceous surface, and used for scouring and polishing; -- called also scouring rush , and shave grass . See Equisetum . -- Dutch tile , a glazed and painted ornamental tile, formerly much exported, and used in the jambs of chimneys and the like.

&hand; Dutch was formerly used for German .

Germany is slandered to have sent none to this war [the Crusades] at this first voyage; and that other pilgrims, passing through that country, were mocked by the Dutch , and called fools for their pains. Fuller.

Dutch <Xpage=462>

Dutch , n. 1. pl. The people of Holland; Dutchmen.

2. The language spoken in Holland.

Dutchman <Xpage=462>

Dutch"man (?) , n. ; pl. Dutchmen (<?/) . A native, or one of the people, of Holland.

Dutchman's breeches (Bot.) , a perennial American herb ( Dicentra cucullaria ), with peculiar double-spurred flowers. See Illust . of Dicentra . -- Dutchman's laudanum (Bot.) , a West Indian passion flower ( Passiflora Murucuja ); also, its fruit. -- Dutchman's pipe (Bot.) , an American twining shrub ( Aristolochia Sipho ). Its flowers have their calyx tubes curved like a tobacco pipe.

Duteous <Xpage=462>

Du"te*ous (?) , a. [From Duty .]

1. Fulfilling duty; dutiful; having the sentiments due to a superior, or to one to whom respect or service is owed; obedient; as, a duteous son or daughter .

2. Subservient; obsequious.

Duteous to the vices of thy mistress. Shak.

-- Du"te*ous*ly , adv. -- Du"te*ous*ness , n.

Dutiable <Xpage=462>

Du"ti*a*ble (?) , a. [From Duty .] Subject to the payment of a duty; as dutiable goods. [U.S.]

All kinds of dutiable merchandise. Hawthorne.

Dutied <Xpage=462>

Du"tied (?) , a. Subjected to a duty.

Ames.

Dutiful <Xpage=462>

Du"ti*ful (?) , a.

1. Performing, or ready to perform, the duties required by one who has the right to claim submission, obedience, or deference; submissive to natural or legal superiors; obedient, as to parents or superiors; as, a dutiful son or daughter; a dutiful ward or servant; a dutiful subject.

2. Controlled by, proceeding from, a sense of duty; respectful; deferential; as, dutiful affection .

Syn. -- Duteous; obedient; reverent; reverential; submissive; docile; respectful; compliant.

-- Du"ti*ful*ly , adv. -- Du"ti*ful*ness , n.

Duty <Xpage=462>

Du"ty (?) , n. ; pl. Duties (#) . [From Due .]

1. That which is due; payment. [Obs. as signifying a material thing.]

When thou receivest money for thy labor or ware, thou receivest thy duty . Tyndale.

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2. That which a person is bound by moral obligation to do, or refrain from doing; that which one ought to do; service morally obligatory.

Forgetting his duty toward God, his sovereign lord, and his country. Hallam.

3. Hence, any assigned service or business; as, the duties of a policeman, or a soldier; to be on duty .

With records sweet of duties done. Keble.

To employ him on the hardest and most imperative duty . Hallam.

Duty is a graver term than obligation. A duty hardly exists to do trivial things; but there may be an obligation to do them. C. J. Smith.

4. Specifically, obedience or submission due to parents and superiors.

Shak.

5. Respect; reverence; regard; act of respect; homage. "My duty to you."

Shak.

6. (Engin.) The efficiency of an engine, especially a steam pumping engine, as measured by work done by a certain quantity of fuel; usually, the number of pounds of water lifted one foot by one bushel of coal (94 lbs. old standard), or by 1 cwt. (112 lbs., England, or 100 lbs., United States).

7. (Com.) Tax, toll, impost, or customs; excise; any sum of money required by government to be paid on the importation, exportation, or consumption of goods.

&hand; An impost on land or other real estate, and on the stock of farmers, is not called a duty , but a direct tax . [U.S.]

Ad valorem duty , a duty which is graded according to the cost, or market value, of the article taxed. See Ad valorem . -- Specific duty , a duty of a specific sum assessed on an article without reference to its value or market. -- On duty , actually engaged in the performance of one's assigned task.

Duumvir <Xpage=463>

Du*um"vir (?) , n. ; pl. E. Duumvirs (#) , L. Duumviri (#) . [L., fr. duo two + vir man.] (Rom. Antiq.) One of two Roman officers or magistrates united in the same public functions.

Duumviral <Xpage=463>

Du*um"vi*ral (?) , a. [L. duumviralis .] Of or belonging to the duumviri or the duumvirate.

Duumvirate <Xpage=463>

Du*um"vi*rate (?) , n. [L. duumviratus , fr. duumvir .] The union of two men in the same office; or the office, dignity, or government of two men thus associated, as in ancient Rome.

Dux <Xpage=463>

Dux (?) , n. [L., leader.] (Mus.) The scholastic name for the theme or subject of a fugue, the answer being called the comes , or companion.

Duykerbok <Xpage=463>

Duy"ker*bok (?) , n. [D. duiker diver + bok a buck, lit., diver buck. So named from its habit of diving suddenly into the bush.] (Zo\'94l.) A small South African antelope ( Cephalous mergens ); -- called also impoon , and deloo .

Duyoung <Xpage=463>

Du*young" (?) , n. (Zo\'94l.) See Dugong .

D valve <Xpage=463>

D" valve` (?) . (Mech.) A kind of slide valve. See Slide valve , under Slide .

Dvergr <Xpage=463>

Dver"gr (?) , n. ; pl. Dvergar (#) . [See Dwarf .] (Scand. Myth.) A dwarf supposed to dwell in rocks and hills and to be skillful in working metals.

Dwale <Xpage=463>

Dwale (?) , n. [OE. dwale , dwole , deception, deadly nightshade, AS. dwala , dwola , error, doubt; akin to E. dull . See Dull , a. ]

1. (Bot.) The deadly nightshade ( Atropa Belladonna ), having stupefying qualities.

2. (Her.) The tincture sable or black when blazoned according to the fantastic system in which plants are substituted for the tinctures.

3. A sleeping potion; an opiate.

Chaucer.

Dwang <Xpage=463>

Dwang (?) , n. [Cf. D. dwingen to force, compel.]

1. (Carp.) A piece of wood set between two studs, posts, etc., to stiffen and support them.

2. (Mech.) (a) A kind of crowbar. (b) A large wrench.

Knight.

Dwarf <Xpage=463>

Dwarf (?) , n. ; pl Dwarfs (#) . [OE. dwergh , dwerf , dwarf , AS. dweorg , dweorh ; akin to D. dwerg , MHG. twerc , G. zwerg , Icel. dvergr , Sw. & Dan. dverg ; of unknown origin.] An animal or plant which is much below the ordinary size of its species or kind; especially, a diminutive human being.

&hand; During the Middle Ages dwarfs as well as fools shared the favor of courts and the nobility.

Dwarf is used adjectively in reference to anything much below the usual or normal size; as, dwarf tree; dwarf honeysuckle.

Dwarf elder (Bot.) , danewort. -- Dwarf wall (Arch.) , a low wall, not as high as the story of a building, often used as a garden wall or fence.

Gwilt.

Dwarf <Xpage=463>

Dwarf , v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Dwarfed (?) ; p. pr. & vb. n. Dwarfing .] To hinder from growing to the natural size; to make or keep small; to stunt.

Addison.

Even the most common moral ideas and affections . . . would be stunted and dwarfed , if cut off from a spiritual background. J. C. Shairp.

Dwarf <Xpage=463>

Dwarf , v. i. To become small; to diminish in size.

Strange power of the world that, the moment we enter it, our great conceptions dwarf . Beaconsfield.

Dwarfish <Xpage=463>

Dwarf"ish , a. Like a dwarf; below the common stature or size; very small; petty; as, a dwarfish animal, shrub . -- Dwarf"ish*ly , adv. -- Dwarf"ish*ness , n.

Dwarfling <Xpage=463>

Dwarf"ling (?) , n. A diminutive dwarf.

Dwarfy <Xpage=463>

Dwarf"y (?) , a. Much undersized. [R.]

Waterhouse.

Dwaul, Dwaule <Xpage=463>

Dwaul , Dwaule (?) , v. i. [See Dull , Dwell .] To be delirious. [Obs.]

Junius.

Dwell <Xpage=463>

Dwell (?) , v. i. [ imp. & p. p. Dwelled (?) , usually contracted into Dwelt (<?/); p. pr. & vb. n. Dwelling .] [OE. dwellen , dwelien , to err, linger, AS. dwellan to deceive, hinder, delay, dwelian to err; akin to Icel. dvelja to delay, tarry, Sw. dv\'84ljas to dwell, Dan. dv\'91le to linger, and to E. dull . See Dull , and cf. Dwale .]

1. To delay; to linger. [Obs.]

2. To abide; to remain; to continue.

I 'll rather dwell in my necessity. Shak.

Thy soul was like a star and dwelt apart. Wordsworth.

3. To abide as a permanent resident, or for a time; to live in a place; to reside.

The parish in which I was born, dwell , and have possessions. Peacham.

The poor man dwells in a humble cottage near the hall where the lord of the domain resides. C. J. Smith.

To dwell in , to abide in (a place); hence, to depend on. "My hopes in heaven to dwell ." Shak . -- To dwell on &or; upon , to continue long on or in; to remain absorbed with; to stick to; to make much of; as, to dwell upon a subject; a singer dwells on a note .

They stand at a distance, dwelling on his looks and language, fixed in amazement. Buckminster.

Syn. -- To inhabit; live; abide; sojourn; reside; continue; stay; rest.

Dwell <Xpage=463>

Dwell (?) , v. t. To inhabit. [R.]

Milton.

Dweller <Xpage=463>

Dwell"er (?) , n. An inhabitant; a resident; as, a cave dweller . " Dwellers at Jerusalem."

Acts i. 19.

Dwelling <Xpage=463>

Dwell"ing , n. Habitation; place or house in which a person lives; abode; domicile.

Hazor shall be a dwelling for dragons. Jer. xlix. 33.

God will deign To visit oft the dwellings of just men. Milton.

Philip's dwelling fronted on the street. Tennyson.

Dwelling house , a house intended to be occupied as a residence, in distinction from a store, office, or other building. -- Dwelling place , place of residence.

Dwelt <Xpage=463>

Dwelt (?) , imp. & p. p. of Dwell .

Dwindle <Xpage=463>

Dwin"dle (?) , v. i. [ imp. & p. p. Dwindled (?) ; p. pr. & vb. n. Dwindling (?) .] [From OE. dwinen to languish, waste away, AS. dw\'c6nan ; akin to LG. dwinen , D. dwijnen to vanish, Icel. dv\'c6na to cease, dwindle, Sw. tvina ; of uncertain origin. The suffix -le , preceded by d excrescent after n , is added to the root with a diminutive force.] To diminish; to become less; to shrink; to waste or consume away; to become degenerate; to fall away.

Weary sennights nine times nine Shall he dwindle , peak and pine. Shak.

Religious societies, though begun with excellent intentions, are said to have dwindled into factious clubs. Swift.

Dwindle <Xpage=463>

Dwin"dle , v. t. 1. To make less; to bring low.

Our drooping days are dwindled down to naught. Thomson.

2. To break; to disperse. [R.]

Clarendon.

Dwindle <Xpage=463>

Dwin"dle , n. The process of dwindling; dwindlement; decline; degeneracy. [R.]

Johnson.

Dwindlement <Xpage=463>

Dwin"dle*ment (?) , n. The act or process of dwindling; a dwindling. [R.]

Mrs. Oliphant.

Dwine <Xpage=463>

Dwine (?) , v. i. [See Dwindle .] To waste away; to pine; to languish. [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]

Gower.

Dyad <Xpage=463>

Dy"ad (?) , n. [L. dyas , dyadis , the number two. Gr. <?/: cf. F. dyade . See two, and cf. Duad .]

1. Two units treated as one; a couple; a pair.

2. (Chem.) An element, atom, or radical having a valence or combining power of two.

Dyad <Xpage=463>

Dy"ad , a. (Chem.) Having a valence or combining power of two; capable of being substituted for, combined with, or replaced by, two atoms of hydrogen; as, oxygen and calcium are dyad elements . See Valence .

Dyadic <Xpage=463>

Dy*ad"ic (?) , a. [Gr. <?/, fr. <?/ two.] Pertaining to the number two; of two parts or elements.

Dyadic arithmetic , the same as binary arithmetic .

Dyaks <Xpage=463>

Dy"aks (?) , n. pl. ; sing . Dyak . (Ethnol.) The aboriginal and most numerous inhabitants of Borneo. They are partially civilized, but retain many barbarous practices.

Dyas <Xpage=463>

Dy"as (?) , n. [L. dyas the number two.] (Geol.) A name applied in Germany to the Permian formation, there consisting of two principal groups.

Dye <Xpage=463>

Dye (?) , v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Dyed (?) ; p. pr. & vb. n. Dyeing .] [OE. deyan , dyen , AS. de\'a0gian .] To stain; to color; to give a new and permanent color to, as by the application of dyestuffs.

Cloth to be dyed of divers colors. Trench.

The soul is dyed by its thoughts. Lubbock.

To dye in the grain , To dye in the wool ( Fig. ), to dye firmly; to imbue thoroughly.

He might truly be termed a legitimate son of the revenue system dyed in the wool . Hawthorne.

Syn. -- See Stain .

Dye <Xpage=463>

Dye , n. 1. Color produced by dyeing.

2. Material used for dyeing; a dyestuff.

Dye <Xpage=463>

Dye , n. Same as Die , a lot.

Spenser.

Dyehouse <Xpage=463>

Dye"house` (?) , n. A building in which dyeing is carried on.

Dyeing <Xpage=463>

Dye"ing (?) , n. The process or art of fixing coloring matters permanently and uniformly in the fibers of wool, cotton, etc.

Dyer <Xpage=463>

Dy"er (?) , n. One whose occupation is to dye cloth and the like.

Dyer's broom , Dyer's rocket , Dyer's weed . See Dyer's broom , under Broom .

Dyestuff <Xpage=463>

Dye"stuff` (?) , n. A material used for dyeing.

Dyewood <Xpage=463>

Dye"wood` (?) , n. Any wood from which coloring matter is extracted for dyeing.

Dying <Xpage=463>

Dy"ing (?) , a. 1. In the act of dying; destined to death; mortal; perishable; as, dying bodies .

2. Of or pertaining to dying or death; as, dying bed; dying day; dying words; also, simulating a dying state.

Dying <Xpage=463>

Dy"ing , n. The act of expiring; passage from life to death; loss of life.

Dyingly <Xpage=463>

Dy"ing*ly , adv. In a dying manner; as if at the point of death.

Beau. & Fl.

Dyingness <Xpage=463>

Dy"ing*ness , n. The state of dying or the stimulation of such a state; extreme languor; languishment. [R.]