Chapter 477

Drake"stone (?) , n. A flat stone so thrown along the surface of water as to skip from point to point before it sinks; also, the sport of so throwing stones; -- sometimes called ducks and drakes .

Internal earthquakes, that, not content with one throe, run along spasmodically, like boys playing at what is called drakestone . De Quincey.

Dram <Xpage=451>

Dram (?) , n. [OF. drame , F. drachme , L. drachma , drachm, drachma, fr. Gr. <?/, prop., a handful, fr. <?/ to grasp. Cf. Drachm , Drachma .]

1. A weight; in Apothecaries' weight , one eighth part of an ounce, or sixty grains; in Avoirdupois weight , one sixteenth part of an ounce, or 27.34375 grains.

2. A minute quantity; a mite.

Were I the chooser, a dram of well-doing should be preferred before many times as mush the forcible hindrance of evildoing. Milton.

3. As much spirituous liquor as is usually drunk at once; as, a dram of brandy ; hence, a potation or potion; as, a dram of poison .

Shak.

4. (Numis.) A Persian daric.

Ezra ii. 69.

Fluid dram , &or; Fluid drachm . See under Fluid .

Dram <Xpage=451>

Dram , v. i. & t. To drink drams; to ply with drams. [Low]

Johnson. Thackeray.

Drama <Xpage=451>

Dra"ma (?; 277) , n. [L. drama , Gr. <?/, fr. <?/ to do, act; cf. Lith. daryti .]

1. A composition, in prose or poetry, accommodated to action, and intended to exhibit a picture of human life, or to depict a series of grave or humorous actions of more than ordinary interest, tending toward some striking result. It is commonly designed to be spoken and represented by actors on the stage.

A divine pastoral drama in the Song of Solomon. Milton.

2. A series of real events invested with a dramatic unity and interest. "The drama of war."

Thackeray.

Westward the course of empire takes its way; The four first acts already past, A fifth shall close the drama with the day; Time's noblest offspring is the last. Berkeley.

The drama and contrivances of God's providence. Sharp.

3. Dramatic composition and the literature pertaining to or illustrating it; dramatic literature.

&hand; The principal species of the drama are tragedy and comedy ; inferior species are tragi-comedy , melodrama , operas , burlettas , and farces .

The romantic drama , the kind of drama whose aim is to present a tale or history in scenes, and whose plays (like those of Shakespeare, Marlowe, and others) are stories told in dialogue by actors on the stage.

J. A. Symonds.

Dramatic, Dramatical <Xpage=451>

Dra*mat"ic (?) , Dra*mat"ic*al (?) , a. [Gr. <?/, fr. <?/: cf. F. dramatique .] Of or pertaining to the drama; appropriate to, or having the qualities of, a drama; theatrical; vivid.

The emperor . . . performed his part with much dramatic effect. Motley.

Dramatically <Xpage=451>

Dra*mat"ic*al*ly , adv. In a dramatic manner; theatrically; vividly.

Dramatis person\'91 <Xpage=451>

Dram"a*tis per*so"n\'91 (?) . [L.] The actors in a drama or play.

Dramatist <Xpage=451>

Dram"a*tist (?) , n. [Cf. F. dramatiste .] The author of a dramatic composition; a writer of plays.

Dramatizable <Xpage=451>

Dram"a*ti`za*ble (?) , a. Capable of being dramatized.

Dramatization <Xpage=451>

Dram`a*ti*za"tion (?) , n. Act of dramatizing.

Dramatize <Xpage=451>

Dram"a*tize (?) , v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Dramatized (?) ; p. pr. & vb. n. Dramatizing (?) .] [Cf. F. dramatiser .] To compose in the form of the drama; to represent in a drama; to adapt to dramatic representation; as, to dramatize a novel, or an historical episode .

They dramatized tyranny for public execration. Motley.

Dramaturgic <Xpage=451>

Dram`a*tur"gic (?) , a. Relating to dramaturgy.

Dramaturgist <Xpage=451>

Dram"a*tur`gist (?) , n. One versed in dramaturgy.

Carlyle.

Dramaturgy <Xpage=451>

Dram"a*tur`gy (?) , n. [Gr. <?/ dramatic composition; <?/ drama + a root akin to E. work : cf. F. dramaturgie .] The art of dramatic composition and representation.

Dramming <Xpage=451>

Dram"ming (?) , n. The practice of drinking drams.

Dramseller <Xpage=451>

Dram"sell`er (?) , n. One who sells distilled liquors by the dram or glass.

Dramshop <Xpage=451>

Dram"shop` (?) , n. A shop or barroom where spirits are sold by the dram.

Drank <Xpage=451>

Drank (?) , imp. of Drink .

Drank <Xpage=451>

Drank , n. [Cf. 3d Drake .] Wild oats, or darnel grass. See Drake a plant. [Prov. Eng.]

Halliwell.

Drap d'\'82t\'82 <Xpage=451>

Drap` d'\'82*t\'82" (?) . [F., clot of summer.] A thin woolen fabric, twilled like merino.

Drape <Xpage=451>

Drape (?) , v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Draped (?) ; p. pr. & vb. n. Draping (?) .] [F. draper , fr. drap cloth. See 3d Drab .]

1. To cover or adorn with drapery or folds of cloth, or as with drapery; as, to drape a bust, a building, etc.

The whole people were draped professionally. De Quincey.

These starry blossoms, [of the snow] pure and white, Soft falling, falling, through the night, Have draped the woods and mere. Bungay.

2. To rail at; to banter. [Obs.]

Sir W. Temple.

Drape <Xpage=451>

Drape , v. i. 1. To make cloth. [Obs.]

Bacon.

2. To design drapery, arrange its folds, etc., as for hangings, costumes, statues, etc.

Draper <Xpage=451>

Dra"per (?) , n. [F. drapier .] One who sells cloths; a dealer in cloths; as, a draper and tailor .

Draperied <Xpage=451>

Dra"per*ied (?) , a. Covered or supplied with drapery. [R.]

Byron.

Drapery <Xpage=451>

Dra"per*y (?) , n. ; pl. Draperies (#) . [F. draperie .]

1. The occupation of a draper; cloth-making, or dealing in cloth.

Bacon.

2. Cloth, or woolen stuffs in general.

People who ought to be weighing out grocery or measuring out drapery . Macaulay.

3. A textile fabric used for decorative purposes, especially when hung loosely and in folds carefully disturbed; as: (a) Garments or vestments of this character worn upon the body, or shown in the representations of the human figure in art. (b) Hangings of a room or hall, or about a bed.

Like one that wraps the drapery of his couch About him, and lies down to pleasant dreams. Bryant.

All the decent drapery of life is to be rudely torn off. Burke.

Casting of draperies . See under Casting .

The casting of draperies . . . is one of the most important of an artist's studies. Fairholt.

Drapet <Xpage=451>

Dra"pet (?) , n. [Dim. of drap .] Cloth. [Obs.]

Spenser.

Drastic <Xpage=451>

Dras"tic (?) , a. [Gr. <?/, fr. <?/ to do, act: cf. F. drastique . See Drama .] (Med.) Acting rapidly and violently; efficacious; powerful; -- opposed to bland ; as, drastic purgatives . -- n. (Med.) A violent purgative. See Cathartic .

Drasty <Xpage=451>

Dras"ty (?) , a. [AS. d\'91rstan , dresten , dregs.] Filthy; worthless. [Obs.] " Drasty ryming."

Chaucer.

Draugh <Xpage=451>

Draugh (?) , n. See Draft . [Obs.]

Draught <Xpage=451>

Draught (?) , n. [The same as draft , the spelling with gh indicating an older pronunciation. See Draft , n. , Draw .]

1. The act of drawing or pulling ; as: (a) The act of moving loads by drawing, as by beasts of burden, and the like.

A general custom of using oxen for all sort of draught would be, perhaps, the greatest improvement. Sir W. Temple.

(b) The drawing of a bowstring . [Obs.]

She sent an arrow forth with mighty draught . Spenser.

(c) Act of drawing a net; a sweeping the water for fish .

Upon the draught of a pond, not one fish was left. Sir M. Hale.

(d) The act of drawing liquor into the mouth and throat; the act of drinking .

In his hands he took the goblet, but a while the draught forbore. Trench.

(e) A sudden attack or drawing upon an enemy . [Obs.]

By drawing sudden draughts upon the enemy when he looketh not for you. Spenser.

(f) (Mil.) The act of selecting or detaching soldiers; a draft (see Draft , n. , 2) (g) The act of drawing up, marking out, or delineating; representation.

Dryden.

2. That which is drawn ; as: (a) That which is taken by sweeping with a net.

Launch out into the deep, and let down your nets for a draught . Luke v. 4.

He laid down his pipe, and cast his net, which brought him a very great draught . L'Estrange.

(b) (Mil.) The force drawn; a detachment; -- in this sense usually written draft . (c) The quantity drawn in at once in drinking; a potion or potation .

Disguise thyself as thou wilt, still, Slavery, . . . still thou art a bitter draught . Sterne.

Low lies that house where nut-brown draughts inspired. Goldsmith.

(d) A sketch, outline, or representation, whether written, designed, or drawn; a delineation .

A draught of a Toleration Act was offered to the Parliament by a private member. Macaulay.

No picture or draught of these things from the report of the eye. South.

(e) (Com.) An order for the payment of money; -- in this sense almost always written draft . (f) A current of air moving through an inclosed place, as through a room or up a chimney .

Thackeray.

He preferred to go and sit upon the stairs, in . . . a strong draught of air, until he was again sent for. Dickens.

3. That which draws ; as: (a) A team of oxen or horses . Blackstone . (b) A sink or drain; a privy . Shak . Matt. xv. 17. (c) pl. (Med.) A mild vesicatory; a sinapism; as, to apply draughts to the feet .

4. Capacity of being drawn; force necessary to draw; traction.

The Hertfordshire wheel plow . . . is of the easiest draught . Mortimer.

5. (Naut.) The depth of water necessary to float a ship, or the depth a ship sinks in water, especially when laden; as, a ship of twelve feet draught .

6. (Com.) An allowance on weighable goods. [Eng.] See Draft , 4.

7. A move, as at chess or checkers. [Obs.]

Chaucer.

8. The bevel given to the pattern for a casting, in order that it may be drawn from the sand without injury to the mold.

9. (Masonry) See Draft , n. , 7.

Angle of draught , the angle made with the plane over which a body is drawn by the line in which the pulling force acts, when the latter has the direction best adapted to overcome the obstacles of friction and the weight of the body. -- Black draught . See under Black , a. -- Blast draught , &or; Forced draught , the draught produced by a blower, as by blowing in air beneath a fire or drawing out the gases from above it. -- Natural draught , the draught produced by the atmosphere flowing, by its own weight, into a chimney wherein the air is rarefied by heat. -- On draught , so as to be drawn from the wood (as a cask, barrel, etc.) in distinction from being bottled; as, ale on draught . -- Sheer draught . See under Sheer .

Draught <Xpage=451>

Draught , a. 1. Used for drawing vehicles, loads, etc.; as, a draught beast; draught hooks.

2. Relating to, or characterized by, a draft, or current of air.

3. Used in making drawings; as, draught compasses .

4. Drawn directly from the barrel, or other receptacle, in distinction from bottled ; on draught; -- said of ale, cider, and the like.

&hand; This word, especially in the first and second meanings, is often written draft , a spelling which is approved by many authorities.

Draught box . See Draught tube , below. -- Draught engine (Mining) , an engine used for pumping, raising heavy weights, and the like. -- Draught hook (Mil.) , one of the hooks on a cannon carriage, used in drawing the gun backward and forward. -- Draught horse , a horse employed in drawing loads, plowing, etc., as distinguished from a saddle horse or carriage horse. -- Draught net , a seine or hauling net. -- Draught ox , an ox employed in hauling loads, plowing, etc. -- Draught tube (Water Wheels) , an airtight pipe extending downward into the tailrace from a turbine wheel located above it, to make whole fall available; -- called also draught box .

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Draught <Xpage=452>

Draught (dr&adot;ft) , v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Draughted ; p. pr. & vb. n. Draughting .]

1. To draw out; to call forth. See Draft .

Addison.

2. To diminish or exhaust by drawing. [R.]

The Parliament so often draughted and drained. Sir W. Scott.

3. To draw in outline; to make a draught, sketch, or plan of, as in architectural and mechanical drawing.

Draughting room , a room draughtsmen to work in, and where plans are kept.

Draughtboard <Xpage=452>

Draught"board` (?) , n. A checkered board on which draughts are played. See Checkerboard .

Draughthouse <Xpage=452>

Draught"house` (?) , n. A house for the reception of waste matter; a privy. [Obs.]

2 Kings x. 27.

Draughts <Xpage=452>

Draughts (?) , n. pl. A mild vesicatory. See Draught , n. , 3 (c) .

Draughts <Xpage=452>

Draughts , n. pl. A game, now more commonly called checkers . See Checkers .

&hand; Polish draughts is sometimes played with 40 pieces on a board divided into 100 squares.

Am. Cyc.

Draughtsman <Xpage=452>

Draughts"man (?) , n. ; pl. Draughtsmen (<?/) .

1. One who draws pleadings or other writings.

2. One who draws plans and sketches of machinery, structures, and places; also, more generally, one who makes drawings of any kind.

3. A "man" or piece used in the game of draughts.

4. One who drinks drams; a tippler. [Obs.]

Tatler.

Draughtsmanship <Xpage=452>

Draughts"man*ship , n. The office, art, or work of a draughtsman.

Draughty <Xpage=452>

Draught"y (?) , a. Pertaining to a draught, or current of air; as, a draughtly , comfortless room .

Drave <Xpage=452>

Drave (?) , old imp . of Drive . [Obs.]

Dravida <Xpage=452>

Dra"vi*da (?) , n. pl. [Skr. Dr\'bevi<?/a , prob. meaning, Tamil.] (Ethnol.) A race Hindostan, believed to be the original people who occupied the land before the Hindoo or Aryan invasion.

Dravidian <Xpage=452>

Dra*vid"i*an (?) , a. [From Skr. Dr\'bevi<?/a , the name of the southern portion of the peninsula of India.] (Ethnol.) Of or pertaining to the Dravida.

Dravidian languages , a group of languages of Southern India, which seem to have been the idioms of the natives, before the invasion of tribes speaking Sanskrit. Of these languages, the Tamil is the most important.

Draw <Xpage=452>

Draw (?) , v. t. [ imp. Drew (?) ; p. p. Drawn (?) ; p. pr. & vb. n. Drawing .] [OE. dra<?/en , drahen , draien , drawen , AS. dragan ; akin to Icel. & Sw. draga , Dan. drage to draw, carry, and prob. to OS. dragan to bear, carry, D. dragen , G. tragen , Goth. dragan ; cf. Skr. dhraj to move along, glide; and perh. akin to Skr. dhar to hold, bear. <?/<?/<?/. Cf. 2d Drag , Dray a cart, 1st Dredge .]

1. To cause to move continuously by force applied in advance of the thing moved; to pull along; to haul; to drag; to cause to follow.

He cast him down to ground, and all along Drew him through dirt and mire without remorse. Spenser.

He hastened to draw the stranger into a private room. Sir W. Scott.

Do not rich men oppress you, and draw you before the judgment seats? James ii. 6.

The arrow is now drawn to the head. Atterbury.

2. To influence to move or tend toward one's self; to exercise an attracting force upon; to call towards itself; to attract; hence, to entice; to allure; to induce.

The poet Did feign that Orpheus drew trees, stones, and floods. Shak.

All eyes you draw , and with the eyes the heart. Dryden.

3. To cause to come out for one's use or benefit; to extract; to educe; to bring forth; as: (a) To bring or take out, or to let out, from some receptacle, as a stick or post from a hole, water from a cask or well, etc.

The drew out the staves of the ark. 2 Chron. v. 9.

Draw thee waters for the siege. Nahum iii. 14.

I opened the tumor by the point of a lancet without drawing one drop of blood. Wiseman.

(b) To pull from a sheath, as a sword .

I will draw my sword, my hand shall destroy them. Ex. xv. 9.

(c) To extract; to force out; to elicit; to derive .

Spirits, by distillations, may be drawn out of vegetable juices, which shall flame and fume of themselves. Cheyne.

Until you had drawn oaths from him. Shak.

(d) To obtain from some cause or origin; to infer from evidence or reasons; to deduce from premises; to derive .

We do not draw the moral lessons we might from history. Burke.

(e) To take or procure from a place of deposit; to call for and receive from a fund, or the like; as, to draw money from a bank . (f) To take from a box or wheel, as a lottery ticket; to receive from a lottery by the drawing out of the numbers for prizes or blanks; hence, to obtain by good fortune; to win; to gain; as, he drew a prize . (g) To select by the drawing of lots .

Provided magistracies were filled by men freely chosen or drawn . Freeman.

4. To remove the contents of ; as: (a) To drain by emptying; to suck dry.

Sucking and drawing the breast dischargeth the milk as fast as it can generated. Wiseman.