Chapter 439

Di*phe"nyl (?) , n. [Pref. di- + phenyl .] (Chem.) A white crystalline substance, C6H5.C6H5 , obtained by leading benzene through a heated iron tube. It consists of two benzene or phenyl radicals united.

Diphtheria <Xpage=415>

Diph*the"ri*a (?) , n. [NL., fr. Gr. <?/ leather (hence taken in the sense of membrane ): cf. <?/ to make soft, L. depsere to knead.] (Med.) A very dangerous contagious disease in which the air passages, and especially the throat, become coated with a false membrane, produced by the solidification of an inflammatory exudation. Cf. Group .

Diphtherial, Diphtheric <Xpage=415>

Diph*the"ri*al (?) , Diph*ther"ic (?) , a. Relating to diphtheria; diphtheritic.

Diphtheritic <Xpage=415>

Diph`the*rit"ic (?) , a. (Med.)

1. Pertaining to, or connected with, diphtheria.

2. Having characteristics resembling those of diphtheria; as, diphtheritic inflammation of the bladder .

Diphthong <Xpage=415>

Diph"thong (?; 115, 277) , n. [L. diphthongus , Gr. <?/; <?/ = <?/ twice + <?/ voice, sound, fr. <?/ to utter a sound: cf. F. diphthongue .] (Ortho\'89py) (a) A coalition or union of two vowel sounds pronounced in one syllable; as, ou in out , oi in noise ; -- called a proper diphthong . (b) A vowel digraph; a union of two vowels in the same syllable, only one of them being sounded; as, ai in rain , eo in people ; -- called an improper diphthong .

Diphthong <Xpage=415>

Diph"thong , v. t. To form or pronounce as a diphthong; diphthongize. [R.]

Diphthongal <Xpage=415>

Diph*thon"gal (?; 115) , a. Relating or belonging to a diphthong; having the nature of a diphthong. -- Diph*thon"gal*ly , adv.

Diphthongalize <Xpage=415>

Diph*thon"gal*ize (?; 115) , v. t. To make into a diphthong; to pronounce as a diphthong.

Diphthongation <Xpage=415>

Diph`thon*ga"tion (?) , n. See Diphthongization .

Diphthongic <Xpage=415>

Diph*thong"ic (?; 115) , a. Of the nature of diphthong; diphthongal.

H. Sweet.

Diphthongization <Xpage=415>

Diph`thong*i*za"tion (?) , n. The act of changing into a diphthong.

H. Sweet.

Diphthongize <Xpage=415>

Diph"thong*ize (?) , v. t. & i. To change into a diphthong, as by affixing another vowel to a simple vowel. "The diphthongized long vowels."

H. Sweet.

Diphycercal <Xpage=415>

Diph`y*cer"cal (?) , a. [Gr. <?/ double (<?/ = <?/ twice + <?/ to produce) + <?/ tail.] (Anat.) Having the tail fin divided into two equal parts by the notochord, or end of the vertebral column; protocercal. See Protocercal .

Diphygenic <Xpage=415>

Diph`y*gen"ic (?) , a. [Gr. <?/ of doubl<?/ from + -genic .] (Zo\'94l.) Having two modes of embryonic development.

Diphyllous <Xpage=415>

Diph"yl*lous (?) , a. [Gr. <?/ = <?/ twice + <?/ leaf: cf. F. diphylle .] (Bot.) Having two leaves, as a calyx, etc.

Diphyodont <Xpage=415>

Diph"y*o*dont (?) , a. [Gr. <?/ double (<?/ = <?/ twice + <?/ to produce) + <?/, <?/, tooth.] (Anat.) Having two successive sets of teeth (deciduous and permanent), one succeeding the other; as, a diphyodont mammal; diphyodont dentition ; -- opposed to monophyodont . -- n. An animal having two successive sets of teeth.

Diphyozooid <Xpage=415>

Diph`y*o*zo"oid (?) , n. [Gr. <?/ of double from + E. zooid .] (Zo\'94l.) One of the free-swimming sexual zooids of Siphonophora.

Diplanar <Xpage=415>

Di*pla"nar (?) , a. [Pref. di- + plane .] (Math.) Of or pertaining to two planes.

Dipleidoscope <Xpage=415>

Di*plei"do*scope (?) , n. [Gr. <?/ double + <?/ image + -scope .] (Astron.) An instrument for determining the time of apparent noon. It consists of two mirrors and a plane glass disposed in the form of a prism, so that, by the reflections of the sun's rays from their surfaces, two images are presented to the eye, moving in opposite directions, and coinciding at the instant the sun's center is on the meridian.

Diploblastic <Xpage=415>

Dip`lo*blas"tic (?) , a. [Gr. <?/ doublet + -blast + -ic .] (Biol.) Characterizing the ovum when it has two primary germinal layers.

Diplocardiac <Xpage=415>

Dip`lo*car"di*ac (?) , a. [Gr. <?/ double + E. cardiac .] (Anat.) Having the heart completely divided or double, one side systemic, the other pulmonary.

Diplococcus <Xpage=415>

Dip`lo*coc"cus (?) , n. ; pl. Diplococci (#) . [NL., fr. Gr. <?/ twofold + <?/ grain, seed.] (Biol.) A form of micrococcus in which cocci are united in a binary manner. See Micrococcus .

Diplo\'89 <Xpage=415>

Dip"lo*\'89 (?) , n. [NL., fr. Gr. <?/ fold, fr. <?/ twofold, double.] (Anat.) The soft, spongy, or cancellated substance between the plates of the skull.

Diploetic <Xpage=415>

Dip`lo*et"ic (?) , a. (Anat.) Diploic.

Diplogenic <Xpage=415>

Dip`lo*gen"ic (?) , a. [Gr. <?/ double + the root of <?/ to produce.] Partaking of the nature of two bodies; producing two substances.

Wright.

Diploic <Xpage=415>

Di*plo"ic (?) , a. (Anat.) Of or pertaining to the diplo\'89.

Diploid <Xpage=415>

Dip"loid (?) , n. [Gr. <?/ twofold + -oid .] (Crystallog.) A solid bounded by twenty-four similar quadrilateral faces. It is a hemihedral form of the hexoctahedron.

Diploma <Xpage=415>

Di*plo"ma (?) , n. ; pl. Diplomas (#) . [L., fr. Gr. <?/, fr. <?/ to double, fr. <?/ twofold. See Double .] A letter or writing, usually under seal, conferring some privilege, honor, or power; a document bearing record of a degree conferred by a literary society or educational institution.

Diplomacy <Xpage=415>

Di*plo"ma*cy (?) , n. [F. diplomatie . This word, like supremacy , retains the accent of its original. See Diploma .]

1. The art and practice of conducting negotiations between nations (particularly in securing treaties), including the methods and forms usually employed.

2. Dexterity or skill in securing advantages; tact.

3. The body of ministers or envoys resident at a court; the diplomatic body. [R.]

Burke.

Diplomat, Diplomate <Xpage=415>

Dip"lo*mat (?) , Dip"lo*mate (?) , n. [F. diplomate .] A diplomatist.

Diplomate <Xpage=415>

Dip"lo*mate (?) , v. t. To invest with a title o<?/ privilege by diploma. [R.]

Wood.

Diplomatial <Xpage=415>

Dip`lo*ma"tial (?) , a. Diplomatic. [R.]

Diplomatic, Diplomatical <Xpage=415>

Dip`lo*mat"ic (?) , Dip`lo*mat"ic*al (?) , a. [Cf. diplomatique .]

1. Pertaining to diplomacy; relating to the foreign ministers at a court, who are called the diplomatic body .

2. Characterized by tact and shrewdness; dexterous; artful; as, diplomatic management .

3. Pertaining to diplomatics; paleographic.

Astle.

Diplomatic <Xpage=415>

Dip`lo*mat"ic , n. A minister, official agent, or envoy to a foreign court; a diplomatist.

Diplomatically <Xpage=415>

Dip`lo*mat"ic*al*ly , adv. According to the rules of diplomacy; in the manner of a diplomatist; artfully.

Diplomatic <Xpage=415>

Dip`lo*mat"ic (?) , n. The science of diplomas, or the art of deciphering ancient writings, and determining their age, authenticity, etc.; paleography.

Diplomatism <Xpage=415>

Di*plo"ma*tism (?) , n. Diplomacy. [R.]

Diplomatist <Xpage=415>

Di*plo"ma*tist (?) , n. [Cf. F. diplomatiste a student of diplomatics.] A person employed in, or skilled in, diplomacy; a diplomat.

In ability, Avaux had no superior among the numerous able diplomatics whom his country then possessed. Macaulay.

Diplopia, Diplopy <Xpage=415>

Di*plo"pi*a (?) , Dip"lo*py (?) , n. [NL. diplopia , from Gr. <?/ double + the root of <?/ sight: cf. F. diplopie .] (Med.) The act or state of seeing double.

&hand; In crossed or heteronymous diplopia the image seen by the right eye is upon the left hand, and that seen by the left eye is upon the right hand. In homonymous diplopia the image seen by the right eye is on the right side, that by the left eye on the left side. In vertical diplopia one image stands above the other.

<page="416"> Page 416

Diplopod <Xpage=416>

Dip"lo*pod (?) , n. (Zo\'94l.) One of the Diplopoda.

Diplopoda <Xpage=416>

Di*plop"o*da (?) , n. pl. [Gr. <?/ double + -poda .] (Zo\'94l.) An order of myriapods having two pairs of legs on each segment; the Chilognatha.

Diplostemonous <Xpage=416>

Dip`lo*stem"o*nous (?) , a. [Gr. <?/ double + <?/ the warp, a thread.] (Bot.) Having twice as many stamens as petals, as the geranium.

R. Brown.

Diplostemony <Xpage=416>

Dip`lo*stem"o*ny (?) , n. (Bot.) The condition of being diplostemonous.

Dipneumona <Xpage=416>

Dip*neu"mo*na (?) , n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. <?/ = <?/ lung.] (Zo\'94l.) A group of spiders having only two lunglike organs. [Written also Dipneumones .]

Dipnoi <Xpage=416>

Dip"no*i (?) , n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. <?/ <?/ with two breathing apertures; <?/ = <?/ twice + <?/ breath.] (Zo\'94l.) A group of ganoid fishes, including the living genera Ceratodus and Lepidosiren , which present the closest approximation to the Amphibia. The air bladder acts as a lung, and the nostrils open inside the mouth. See Ceratodus , and Illustration in Appendix.

Dipody <Xpage=416>

Dip"o*dy (?) , n. ; pl. Dipodies (#) . [Gr. <?/, fr. <?/ two-footed; <?/ = <?/ twice + <?/, <?/, foot.] (Pros.) Two metrical feet taken together, or included in one measure.

Hadley.

Trochaic, iambic, and anapestic verses . . . are measured by dipodies . W. W. Goodwin.

Dipolar <Xpage=416>

Di*po"lar (?) , a. [Pre. di- + polar . Cf. Bipolar .] Having two poles, as a magnetic bar.

Dippel's oil <Xpage=416>

Dip"pel's oil` (?) . (Chem.) [From the name of the inventor.] See Bone oil , under Bone .

Dipper <Xpage=416>

Dip"per (?) , n.

1. One who, or that which, dips; especially, a vessel used to dip water or other liquid; a ladle.

2. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small grebe; the dabchick . (b) The buffel duck . (c) The water ouzel ( Cinolus aquaticus ) of Europe . (d) The American dipper or ouzel ( Cinclus Mexicanus ).

The Dipper (Astron.) , the seven principal stars in the constellation of the Great Bear; popularly so called from their arrangement in the form of a dipper; -- called also Charles's Wain . See Ursa Major , under Ursa .

Dipping <Xpage=416>

Dip"ping , n.

1. The act or process of immersing.

2. The act of inclining downward.

3. The act of lifting or moving a liquid with a dipper, ladle, or the like.

4. The process of cleaning or brightening sheet metal or metalware, esp. brass, by dipping it in acids, etc.

5. The practice of taking snuff by rubbing the teeth or gums with a stick or brush dipped in snuff. [U.S.]

Dipping needle , a magnetic needle suspended at its center of gravity, and moving freely in a vertical plane, so as to indicate on a graduated circle the magnetic dip or inclination.

Diprismatic <Xpage=416>

Di`pris*mat"ic (?) , a. [Prefix di- + prismatic .] Doubly prismatic.

Dipropargyl <Xpage=416>

Di`pro*par"gyl (?) , n. [Prefix di- + propargyl .] (Chem.) A pungent, mobile, volatile liquid, C6H6 , produced artificially from certain allyl derivatives. Though isomeric with benzine, it is very different in its chemical relations. Called also dipropinyl .

Dipropyl <Xpage=416>

Di*pro"pyl (?) , n. [Pref. di- + propyl .] (Chem.) One of the hexane paraffins, found in petroleum, consisting of two propyl radicals. See Hexane .

Diprotodon <Xpage=416>

Di*pro"to*don (?) , n. [Gr. <?/ = <?/ twice + <?/ first + <?/, <?/, tooth.] (Paleon.) An extinct Quaternary marsupial from Australia, about as large as the hippopotamus; -- so named because of its two large front teeth. See Illustration in Appendix.

Dipsas <Xpage=416>

Dip"sas (?) , n. [L., fr. Gr. <?/, fr. <?/ thirst.]

1. A serpent whose bite was fabled to produce intense thirst.

Milton.

2. (Zo\'94l.) A genus of harmless colubrine snakes.

Dipsetic <Xpage=416>

Dip*set"ic (?) , a. [Gr. <?/.] Tending to produce thirst.

Wright.

Dipsomania <Xpage=416>

Dip`so*ma"ni*a (?) , n. [NL., fr. Gr. <?/ thirst + <?/ mania.] (Med.) A morbid an uncontrollable craving (often periodic) for drink, esp. for alcoholic liquors; also improperly used to denote acute and chronic alcoholism.

Dipsomaniac <Xpage=416>

Dip`so*ma"ni*ac (?) , n. One who has an irrepressible desire for alcoholic drinks.

Dipsomaniacal <Xpage=416>

Dip`so*ma*ni"a*cal (?) , a. Of or pertaining to dipsomania.

Dipsosis <Xpage=416>

Dip*so"sis (?) , n. [NL., fr. Gr. <?/ thirst.] (Med.) Excessive thirst produced by disease.

Diptera <Xpage=416>

Dip"te*ra (?) , n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. <?/ with two wings, <?/ = <?/ twice + <?/ feather, wing: cf. F. dipt\'8are .] (Zo\'94l.) An extensive order of insects having only two functional wings and two balancers, as the house fly, mosquito, etc. They have a suctorial proboscis, often including two pairs of sharp organs (mandibles and maxill\'91) with which they pierce the skin of animals. They undergo a complete metamorphosis, their larv\'91 (called maggots) being usually without feet.

Dipteral <Xpage=416>

Dip"ter*al (?) , a.

1. (Zo\'94l.) Having two wings only; belonging to the order Diptera.

2. (Anc. Arch.) Having a double row of columns on each on the flanks, as well as in front and rear; -- said of a temple.

Dipteran <Xpage=416>

Dip"ter*an (?) , n. (Zo\'94l.) An insect of the order Diptera.

Dipterocarpus <Xpage=416>

Dip`te*ro*car"pus (?) , n. [NL., fr. Gr. <?/ with two wings + <?/ fruit.] (Bot.) A genus of trees found in the East Indies, some species of which produce a fragrant resin, other species wood oil. The fruit has two long wings.

Dipterous <Xpage=416>

Dip"ter*ous (?) , a.

1. (Zo\'94l.) Having two wings, as certain insects; belonging to the order Diptera.

2. (Bot.) Having two wings; two-winged.

Dipterygian <Xpage=416>

Dip`ter*yg"i*an (?) , a. [Gr. <?/ = <?/ twice + <?/ a fin, dim. of <?/ wing.] (Zo\'94l.) Having two dorsal fins; -- said of certain fishes.

Diptote <Xpage=416>

Dip"tote (?) , n. [Gr. <?/; <?/ = <?/ twice + <?/ falling, fr. <?/ to fall: cf. F. diptote .] (Gram.) A noun which has only two cases.

Andrews.

Diptych <Xpage=416>

Dip"tych (?) , n. [L. diptycha , pl., fr. Gr. <?/ folded, doubled; <?/ = <?/ twice + <?/ to fold, double up.]

1. Anything consisting of two leaves . Especially: (a) (Roman Antiq.) A writing tablet consisting of two leaves of rigid material connected by hinges and shutting together so as to protect the writing within . (b) A picture or series of pictures painted on two tablets connected by hinges. See Triptych .

2. A double catalogue, containing in one part the names of living, and in the other of deceased, ecclesiastics and benefactors of the church; a catalogue of saints.

Dipyre <Xpage=416>

Di*pyre" (?) , n. [Gr. <?/ = <?/ twice fire.] (Min.) A mineral of the scapolite group; -- so called from the double effect of fire upon it, in fusing it, and rendering it phosphorescent.

Dipyrenous <Xpage=416>

Di`py*re"nous (?) , a. [Pref. di- + pyrene .] (Bot.) Containing two stones or nutlets.

Dipyridine <Xpage=416>

Di*pyr"i*dine (?; 104) , n. [Pref. di- + pyridine .] (Geom.) A polymeric form of pyridine, C10H10N2 , obtained as a colorless oil by the action of sodium on pyridine.

Dipyridil <Xpage=416>

Di*pyr"i*dil (?) , n. [Pref. di- + pyrid ine + -yl .] (Chem.) A crystalline nitrogenous base, C10H8N2 , obtained by the reduction of pyridine.

Diradiation <Xpage=416>

Di*ra`di*a"tion (?) , n. [Pref. di- + radiation .] The emission and diffusion of rays of light.

Dire <Xpage=416>

Dire (?) , a. [ Compar. Direr (?) ; superl. Direst .] [L. dirus ; of uncertain origin.]

1. Ill-boding; portentous; as, dire omens .

2. Evil in great degree; dreadful; dismal; horrible; terrible; lamentable.

Dire was the tossing, deep the groans. Milton.

Gorgons and hydras and chimeras dire . Milton.

Direct <Xpage=416>

Di*rect" (?) , a. [L. directus , p. p. of dirigere to direct: cf. F. direct . See Dress , and cf. Dirge .]

1. Straight; not crooked, oblique, or circuitous; leading by the short or shortest way to a point or end; as, a direct line; direct means.

What is direct to, what slides by, the question. Locke.

2. Straightforward; not of crooked ways, or swerving from truth and openness; sincere; outspoken.

Be even and direct with me. Shak.

3. Immediate; express; plain; unambiguous.

He howhere, that I know, says it in direct words. Locke.

A direct and avowed interference with elections. Hallam.

4. In the line of descent; not collateral; as, a descendant in the direct line .

5. (Astron.) In the direction of the general planetary motion, or from west to east; in the order of the signs; not retrograde; -- said of the motion of a celestial body.