Chapter 429

3. A miner's compass.

Dial bird (Zo\'94l.) , an Indian bird ( Copsychus saularius ), allied to the European robin. The name is also given to other related species. -- Dial lock , a lock provided with one or more plates having numbers or letters upon them. These plates must be adjusted in a certain determined way before the lock can be operated. -- Dial plate , the plane or disk of a dial or timepiece on which lines and figures for indicating the time are placed.

Dial <Xpage=405>

Di"al , v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Dialed (?) or Dialled ; p. pr. & vb. n. Dialing or Dialling .]

1. To measure with a dial.

Hours of that true time which is dialed in heaven. Talfourd.

2. (Mining) To survey with a dial.

Raymond.

Dialect <Xpage=405>

Di"a*lect (?) , n. [F. dialecte , L. dialectus , fr. Gr. <?/, fr. <?/ to converse, discourse. See Dialogue .]

1. Means or mode of expressing thoughts; language; tongue; form of speech.

This book is writ in such a dialect As may the minds of listless men affect. Bunyan . The universal dialect of the world. South.

2. The form of speech of a limited region or people, as distinguished from ether forms nearly related to it; a variety or subdivision of a language; speech characterized by local peculiarities or specific circumstances; as, the Ionic and Attic were dialects of Greece; the Yorkshire dialect ; the dialect of the learned.

In the midst of this Babel of dialects there suddenly appeared a standard English language. Earle.

[Charles V.] could address his subjects from every quarter in their native dialect . Prescott.

Syn. -- Language; idiom; tongue; speech; phraseology. See Language , and Idiom .

Dialectal <Xpage=405>

Di`a*lec"tal (?) , a. Relating to a dialect; dialectical; as, a dialectical variant .

Dialectic <Xpage=405>

Di`a*lec"tic (?) , n. Same as Dialectics .

Plato placed his dialectic above all sciences. Liddell & Scott.

Dialectic, Dialectical <Xpage=405>

Di`a*lec"tic (?) , Di`a*lec"tic*al (?) , a. [L. dialecticus , Gr. <?/: cf. F. dialectique . See Dialect .]

1. Pertaining to dialectics; logical; argumental.

2. Pertaining to a dialect or to dialects.

Earle.

<page="406"> Page 406

Dialectically <Xpage=406>

Di`a*lec"tic*al*ly (?) , adv. In a dialectical manner.

Dialectician <Xpage=406>

Di`a*lec*ti"cian (?) , n. [Cf. F. dialecticien .] One versed in dialectics; a logician; a reasoner.

Dialectics <Xpage=406>

Di`a*lec"tics (?) , n. [L. dialectica (sc. ars ), Gr. <?/ (sc. <?/): cf. F. dialectique .] That branch of logic which teaches the rules and modes of reasoning; the application of logical principles to discursive reasoning; the science or art of discriminating truth from error; logical discussion.

&hand; Dialectics was defined by Aristotle to be the method of arguing with probability on any given problem, and of defending a tenet without inconsistency. By Plato, it was used in the following senses: 1. Discussion by dialogue as a method of scientific investigation. 2. The method of investigating the truth by analysis. 3. The science of ideas or of the nature and laws of being -- higher metaphysics. By Kant, it was employed to signify the logic of appearances or illusions, whether these arise from accident or error, or from those necessary limitations which, according to this philosopher, originate in the constitution of the human intellect.

Dialectology <Xpage=406>

Di`a*lec*tol"o*gy (?) , n. [ Dialect + -logy .] That branch of philology which is devoted to the consideration of dialects.

Beck.

Dialector <Xpage=406>

Di`a*lec"tor (?) , n. One skilled in dialectics.

Dialing <Xpage=406>

Di"al*ing (?) , n.

1. The art of constructing dials; the science which treats of measuring time by dials. [Written also dialling .]

2. A method of surveying, especially in mines, in which the bearings of the courses, or the angles which they make with each other, are determined by means of the circumferentor.

Dialist <Xpage=406>

Di"al*ist , n. A maker of dials; one skilled in dialing.

Diallage <Xpage=406>

Di*al"la*ge (?) , n. [NL., fr. Gr. <?/ interchange, change, fr. <?/ to interchange.] (Rhet.) A figure by which arguments are placed in various points of view, and then turned to one point.

Smart.

Diallage <Xpage=406>

Di"al*lage (?; 277) , n. [Gr. <?/ change, alluding to the change and inequality of luster between the natural joints of the mineral.] (Min.) A dark green or bronze-colored laminated variety of pyroxene, common in certain igneous rocks.

Diallel <Xpage=406>

Di"al*lel (?) , a. [Gr. <?/ crossing.] Meeting and intersecting, as lines; not parallel; -- opposed to parallel . [Obs.]

Ash.

Diallyl <Xpage=406>

Di*al"lyl (?) , n. (Chem.) A volatile, pungent, liquid hydrocarbon, C6H10 , consisting of two allyl radicals, and belonging to the acetylene series.

Dialogical <Xpage=406>

Di`a*log"ic*al (?) , a. [Gr. <?/ belonging to discourse.] Relating to a dialogue; dialogistical.

Burton.

Dialogically <Xpage=406>

Di`a*log"ic*al*ly , adv. In the manner or nature of a dialogue.

Goldsmith.

Dialogism <Xpage=406>

Di*al"o*gism (?) , n. [Gr. <?/, fr. <?/: cf. F. dialogisme . See Dialogue .] An imaginary speech or discussion between two or more; dialogue.

Fulke.

Dialogist <Xpage=406>

Di*al"o*gist (?) , n. [L. dialogista : cf. F. dialogiste .]

1. A speaker in a dialogue.

2. A writer of dialogues.

P. Skelton.

Dialogistic, Dialogistical <Xpage=406>

Di*al`o*gis"tic (?) , Di*al`o*gis"tic*al (?) , a. [Gr. <?/.] Pertaining to a dialogue; having the form or nature of a dialogue. -- Di*al`o*gis"tic*al*ly , adv.

Dialogite <Xpage=406>

Di*al"o*gite (?) , n. [From Gr. <?/ an arguing.] (Min.) Native carbonate of manganese; rhodochrosite.

Dialogize <Xpage=406>

Di*al"o*gize (?) , v. t. [Gr. <?/: cf. F. dialogiser .] To discourse in dialogue.

Fotherby.

Dialogue <Xpage=406>

Di"a*logue (?; 115) , n. [OE. dialogue , L. dialogus , fr. Gr. <?/, fr. <?/ to converse, <?/ through + <?/ to speak: cf. F. dialogue . See Legend .]

1. A conversation between two or more persons; particularly, a formal conservation in theatrical performances or in scholastic exercises.

2. A written composition in which two or more persons are represented as conversing or reasoning on some topic; as, the Dialogues of Plato .

Dialogue <Xpage=406>

Di"a*logue , v. i. [Cf. F. dialoguer .] To take part in a dialogue; to dialogize. [R.]

Shak.

Dialogue <Xpage=406>

Di"a*logue , v. t. To express as in dialogue. [R.]

And dialogued for him what he would say. Shak.

Dialypetalous <Xpage=406>

Di`al*y*pet"al*ous (?) , a. [Gr. <?/ through, asunder + <?/ to loose + <?/ leaf.] (Bot.) Having separate petals; polypetalous.

Dialysis <Xpage=406>

Di*al"y*sis (?) , n. ; pl. Dialyses (#) . [L., separation, fr. Gr. <?/, fr. <?/ to part asunder, dissolve; <?/ through + <?/ to loose.]

1. (Gram.) Di\'91resis. See Di\'91resis , 1.

2. (Rhet.) Same as Asyndeton .

3. (Med.) (a) Debility . (b) A solution of continuity; division; separation of parts.

4. (Chem.) The separation of different substances in solution, as crystalloids and colloids, by means of their unequal diffusion, especially through natural or artificial membranes.

Dialytic <Xpage=406>

Di`a*lyt"ic (?) , a. [Gr. <?/, fr. <?/. See Dialysis .] Having the quality of unloosing or separating.

Clarke.

Dialytic telescope , an achromatic telescope in which the colored dispersion produced by a single object lens of crown glass is corrected by a smaller concave lens, or combination of lenses, of high dispersive power, placed at a distance in the narrower part of the converging cone of rays, usually near the middle of the tube.

Dialyzate <Xpage=406>

Di*al"y*zate (?) , n. (Chem.) The material subjected to dialysis.

Dialyzation <Xpage=406>

Di`a*ly*za"tion (?) , n. (Chem.) The act or process of dialysis.

Dialyze <Xpage=406>

Di"a*lyze (?) , v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Dialyzed (?) ; p. pr. & vb. n. Dialyzing .] (Chem.) To separate, prepare, or obtain, by dialysis or osmose; to pass through an animal membrane; to subject to dialysis. [Written also dialyse .]

Dialyzed <Xpage=406>

Di"a*lyzed (?) , a. Prepared by diffusion through an animal membrane; as, dialyzed iron .

Dialyzer <Xpage=406>

Di"a*ly`zer (?) , n. The instrument or medium used to effect chemical dialysis.

Diamagnet <Xpage=406>

Di`a*mag"net (?) , n. [Pref. dia- + magnet .] A body having diamagnetic polarity.

Diamagnetic <Xpage=406>

Di`a*mag*net"ic (?) , a. Pertaining to, or exhibiting the phenomena of, diamagnetism; taking, or being of a nature to take, a position at right angles to the lines of magnetic force. See Paramagnetic .

Diamagnetic attraction . See under Attraction .

Diamagnetic <Xpage=406>

Di`a*mag*net"ic , n. Any substance, as bismuth, glass, phosphorous, etc., which in a field of magnetic force is differently affected from the ordinary magnetic bodies, as iron; that is, which tends to take a position at right angles to the lines of magnetic force, and is repelled by either pole of the magnet.

Diamagnetically <Xpage=406>

Di`a*mag*net"ic*al*ly (?) , adv. In the manner of, or according to, diamagnetism.

Diamagnetism <Xpage=406>

Di`a*mag"net*ism (?) , n.

1. The science which treats of diamagnetic phenomena, and of the properties of diamagnetic bodies.

2. That form or condition of magnetic action which characterizes diamagnetics.

Diamantiferous <Xpage=406>

Di`a*man*tif"er*ous (?) , a. [F. diamant diamond + -ferous .] Yielding diamonds.

Diamantine <Xpage=406>

Di`a*man"tine (?) , a. Adamantine. [Obs.]

Diameter <Xpage=406>

Di*am"e*ter (?) , n. [F. diam\'8atre , L. diametros , fr. Gr. <?/; <?/ through + <?/ measure. See Meter .]

1. (Geom.) (a) Any right line passing through the center of a figure or body, as a circle, conic section, sphere, cube, etc., and terminated by the opposite boundaries; a straight line which bisects a system of parallel chords drawn in a curve. (b) A diametral plane.

2. The length of a straight line through the center of an object from side to side; width; thickness; as, the diameter of a tree or rock .

&hand; In an elongated object the diameter is usually taken at right angles to the longer axis.

3. (Arch.) The distance through the lower part of the shaft of a column, used as a standard measure for all parts of the order. See Module .

Conjugate diameters . See under Conjugate .

Diametral <Xpage=406>

Di*am"e*tral (?) , a. [Gr. F. diam\'82tral .] Pertaining to a diameter; diametrical.

Diametral curve , Diametral surface (Geom.) , any line or surface which bisects a system of parallel chords drawn in a curve or surface. -- Diametral planes (Crystal.) , planes in which two of the axes lie.

Diametral <Xpage=406>

Di*am"e*tral , n. A diameter. [Obs.]

Sir T. Browne.

Diametrally <Xpage=406>

Di*am"e*tral*ly , adv. Diametrically.

Diametric, Diametrical <Xpage=406>

Di*am"e*tric (?) , Di*am"e*tric*al (?) , a.

1. Of or pertaining to a diameter.

2. As remote as possible, as if at the opposite end of a diameter; directly adverse.

Diametrically <Xpage=406>

Di*am"e*tric*al*ly , adv. In a diametrical manner; directly; as, diametrically opposite .

Whose principles were diametrically opposed to his. Macaulay.

Diamide <Xpage=406>

Di*am"ide (?; 104) , n. [Pref. di- + amide .] (Chem.) Any compound containing two amido groups united with one or more acid or negative radicals, -- as distinguished from a diamine. Cf. Amido acid , under Amido , and Acid amide , under Amide .

Diamido- <Xpage=406>

Di*am"i*do- (<?/) , a. (Chem.) A prefix or combining form of Diamine . [Also used adjectively.]

Diamine <Xpage=406>

Di*am"ine (?; 104) , n. [Pref. di- + amine .] (Chem.) A compound containing two amido groups united with one or more basic or positive radicals, -- as contrasted with a diamide .

&hand; In chemical nomenclature, if any amine or diamine is named by prefixing the nitrogen group, the name of the latter takes the form of amido , diamido , etc., thus ethylene diamine , C2H4.(NH2)2 , is also called diamido-ethylene .

Diamond <Xpage=406>

Di"a*mond (?; 277) , n. [OE. diamaund , diamaunt , F. diamant , corrupted, fr. L. adamas , the hardest iron, steel, diamond, Gr. <?/. Perh. the corruption is due to the influence of Gr. <?/ transparent. See Adamant , Tame .]

1. A precious stone or gem excelling in brilliancy and beautiful play of prismatic colors, and remarkable for extreme hardness.

&hand; The diamond is native carbon in isometric crystals, often octahedrons with rounded edges. It is usually colorless, but some are yellow, green, blue, and even black. It is the hardest substance known. The diamond as found in nature (called a rough diamond ) is cut, for use in jewelry, into various forms with many reflecting faces, or facets, by which its brilliancy is much increased. See Brilliant , Rose . Diamonds are said to be of the first water when very transparent, and of the second or third water as the transparency decreases.

2. A geometrical figure, consisting of four equal straight lines, and having two of the interior angles acute and two obtuse; a rhombus; a lozenge.

3. One of a suit of playing cards, stamped with the figure of a diamond.

4. (Arch.) A pointed projection, like a four-sided pyramid, used for ornament in lines or groups.

5. (Baseball) The infield; the square space, 90 feet on a side, having the bases at its angles.

6. (Print.) The smallest kind of type in English printing, except that called brilliant , which is seldom seen.

\'b5 This line is printed in the type called Diamond .

Black diamond , coal; (Min.) See Carbonado . -- Bristol diamond . See Bristol stone , under Bristol . -- Diamond beetle (Zo\'94l.) , a large South American weevil ( Entimus imperialis ), remarkable for its splendid luster and colors, due to minute brilliant scales. -- Diamond bird (Zo\'94l.) , a small Australian bird ( Pardalotus punctatus , family Ampelid\'91 .). It is black, with white spots. -- Diamond drill (Engin.) , a rod or tube the end of which is set with black diamonds; -- used for perforating hard substances, esp. for boring in rock. -- Diamond finch (Zo\'94l.) , a small Australian sparrow, often kept in a cage. Its sides are black, with conspicuous white spots, and the rump is bright carmine. -- Diamond groove (Iron Working) , a groove of V-section in a roll. -- Diamond mortar (Chem.) , a small steel mortar used for pulverizing hard substances. -- Diamond-point tool , a cutting tool whose point is diamond-shaped. -- Diamond snake (Zo\'94l.) , a harmless snake of Australia ( Morelia spilotes ); the carpet snake. -- Glazier's diamond , a small diamond set in a glazier's tool, for cutting glass.

Diamond <Xpage=406>

Di"a*mond (?; 277) , a. Resembling a diamond; made of, or abounding in, diamonds; as, a diamond chain; a diamond field.

Diamond-back <Xpage=406>

Di"a*mond-back` (?) , n. (Zo\'94l.) The salt-marsh terrapin of the Atlantic coast ( Malacoclemmys palustris ).

Diamonded <Xpage=406>

Di"a*mond*ed , a.

1. Having figures like a diamond or lozenge.

2. Adorned with diamonds; diamondized.

Emerson.

Diamondize <Xpage=406>

Di"a*mond*ize (?) , v. t. To set with diamonds; to adorn; to enrich. [R.]

Diamondizing of your subject. B. Jonson.

Diamond-shaped <Xpage=406>

Di"a*mond-shaped` (?) , a. Shaped like a diamond or rhombus.

Diamylene <Xpage=406>

Di*am"y*lene (?) , n. [Pref. di- + amylene .] (Chem.) A liquid hydrocarbon, C10H20 , of the ethylene series, regarded as a polymeric form of amylene.

Dian <Xpage=406>

Di"an (?) , a , Diana. [Poetic]

Diana <Xpage=406>

Di*a"na (?) , n. [L. Diana .] (Myth.) The daughter of Jupiter and Latona; a virgin goddess who presided over hunting, chastity, and marriage; -- identified with the Greek goddess Artemis .

And chaste Diana haunts the forest shade. Pope.

Diana monkey (Zo\'94l.) , a handsome, white-bearded monkey of West Africa ( Cercopithecus Diana ).

Diandria <Xpage=406>

Di*an"dri*a (?) , n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. <?/ = <?/ twice + <?/, <?/, a man, a male.] (Bot.) A Linn\'91an class of plants having two stamens.

Diandrian <Xpage=406>

Di*an"dri*an (?) , a. Diandrous.

Diandrous <Xpage=406>

Di*an"drous (?) , n. [Cf. F. diandre .] (Bot.) Of or pertaining to the class Diandria; having two stamens.

Dianium <Xpage=406>

Di*a"ni*um (?) , n. [NL., fr. L. Diana ; either as the name of the Roman goddess, or from its use in OE. as a name of silver.] (Chem.) Same as Columbium . [Obs.]

Dianoetic <Xpage=406>

Di`a*no*et"ic (?) , a. [Gr. <?/; <?/ through + <?/ to revolve in the mind.] (Metaph.) Pertaining to the discursive faculty, its acts or products.

I would employ . . . dianoetic to denote the operation of the discursive, elaborative, or comparative faculty. Sir W. Hamilton.

Dianoialogy <Xpage=406>

Di`a*noi*al"o*gy (?) , n. [Gr. <?/ thought + -logy .] The science of the dianoetic faculties, and their operations.

Sir W. Hamilton.

Dianthus <Xpage=406>

Di*an"thus (?) , n. [NL., fr. Gr. <?/, gen. <?/, Zeus + <?/ flower.] (Bot.) A genus of plants containing some of the most popular of cultivated flowers, including the pink, carnation, and Sweet William.