Chapter 411

Syn. -- To Demolish , Overturn , Destroy , Dismantle , Raze . That is overturned or overthrown which had stood upright; that is destroyed whose component parts are scattered; that is demolished which had formed a mass or structure; that is dismantled which is stripped of its covering, as a vessel of its sails, or a fortress of its bastions, etc.; that is razed which is brought down smooth, and level to the ground. An ancient pillar is overturned or overthrown as the result of decay; as city is destroyed by an invasion of its enemies; a monument, the walls of a castle, a church, or any structure, real or imaginary, may be demolished ; a fortress may be dismantled from motives of prudence, in order to render it defenseless; a city may be razed by way of punishment, and its ruins become a memorial of vengeance.

Demolisher <Xpage=389>

De*mol"ish`er (?) , n. One who, or that which, demolishes; as, a demolisher of towns .

Demolishment <Xpage=389>

De*mol"ish*ment (?) , n. Demolition.

Demolition <Xpage=389>

Dem`o*li"tion (?; 277) , n. [L. demolitio , fr. demoliri : cf. F. d\'82molition . See Demolish .] The act of overthrowing, pulling down, or destroying a pile or structure; destruction by violence; utter overthrow; -- opposed to construction ; as, the demolition of a house, of military works, of a town, or of hopes .

Demolitionist <Xpage=389>

Dem`o*li"tion*ist , n. A demolisher. [R.]

Carlyle.

Demon <Xpage=389>

De"mon (?) , n. [F. d\'82mon , L. daemon a spirit, an evil spirit, fr. Gr. <?/ a divinity; of uncertain origin.]

1. (Gr. Antiq.) A spirit, or immaterial being, holding a middle place between men and deities in pagan mythology.

The demon kind is of an in<?/<?/<?/mediate nature between the divine and the human. Sydenham.

2. One's genius; a tutelary spirit or internal voice; as, the demon of Socrates . [Often written d\'91mon .]

3. An evil spirit; a devil.

That same demon that hath gulled thee thus. Shak.

Demoness <Xpage=389>

De"mon*ess (?) , n. A female demon.

Demonetization <Xpage=389>

De*mon`e*ti*za"tion (?) , n. The act of demonetizing, or the condition of being demonetized.

Demonetize <Xpage=389>

De*mon"e*tize (?; see Monetary ) , v. t. To deprive of current value; to withdraw from use, as money.

They [gold mohurs] have been completely demonetized by the [East India] Company. R. Cobden.

Demoniac, Demoniacal <Xpage=389>

De*mo"ni*ac (?) , Dem`o*ni"a*cal (?; 277) , a. [L. daemoniacus , fr. daemon ; cf. F. d\'82moniaque . See Demon .]

1. Pertaining to, or characteristic of, a demon or evil spirit; devilish; as, a demoniac being; demoniacal practices.

Sarcastic, demoniacal laughter. Thackeray.

2. Influenced or produced by a demon or evil spirit; as, demoniac or demoniacal power . " Demoniac frenzy."

Milton.

Demoniac <Xpage=389>

De*mo"ni*ac (?) , n.

1. A human being possessed by a demon or evil spirit; one whose faculties are directly controlled by a demon.

The demoniac in the gospel was sometimes cast into the fire. Bates.

2. (Eccl. Hist.) One of a sect of Anabaptists who maintain that the demons or devils will finally be saved.

Demoniacally <Xpage=389>

Dem`o*ni"a*cal*ly (?) , adv. In a demoniacal manner.

Demoniacism <Xpage=389>

Dem`o*ni"a*cism (?) , n. The state of being demoniac, or the practices of demoniacs.

Demonial <Xpage=389>

De*mo"ni*al (?) , a. Of or pertaining to a demon. [Obs.]

Cudworth.

Demonian <Xpage=389>

De*mo"ni*an (?) , a. Relating to, or having the nature of, a demon. " Demonian spirits."

Milton.

Demonianism <Xpage=389>

De*mo"ni*an*ism (?) , n. The state of being possessed by a demon or by demons.

Demoniasm <Xpage=389>

De*mo"ni*asm (?) , n. See Demonianism . [R.]

Demonic <Xpage=389>

De*mo"nic (?) , a. [L. daemonicus , Gr. daimoniko`s .] Of or pertaining to a demon or to demons; demoniac. " Demonic ambushes."

Lowell.

Demonism <Xpage=389>

De"mon*ism (?) , n. [Cf. F. d\'82monisme .] The belief in demons or false gods.

The established theology of the heathen world . . . rested upon the basis of demonism . Farmer.

Demonist <Xpage=389>

De"mon*ist , n. A believer in, or worshiper of, demons.

Demonize <Xpage=389>

De"mon*ize (?) , v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Demonized (?) ; p. pr. & vb. n. Demonizing .] [Cf. LL. daemonizare to be possessed by a demon, Gr. <?/.]

1. To convert into a demon; to infuse the principles or fury of a demon into.

2. To control or possess by a demon.

Demonocracy <Xpage=389>

De`mon*oc"ra*cy (?) , n. [Gr. dai`mwn demon + kra`tos strength: cf. F. d\'82monocratie .] The power or government of demons.

A demonocracy of unclean spirits. H. Taylor.

Demonographer <Xpage=389>

De`mon*og"ra*pher (?) , n. [ Demon + -graph + -er .] A demonologist. [R.]

Am. Cyc.

Demonolatry <Xpage=389>

De`mon*ol"a*try (?) , n. [Gr. dai`mwn demon + latrei`a worship, <?/ to serve, worship: cf. F. d\'82monol\'83trie .] The worship of demons.

Demonologer <Xpage=389>

De`mon*ol"o*ger (?) , n. One versed in demonology.

R. North.

Demonologic, Demonological <Xpage=389>

De`mon*o*log"ic (?) , De`mon*o*log"ic*al (?) , a. [Cf. F. d\'82monologique .] Of or Pertaining to demonology.

Demonologist <Xpage=389>

De`mon*ol"o*gist (?) , n. One who writes on, or is versed in, demonology.

Demonology <Xpage=389>

De`mon*ol"o*gy (?; 277) , n. [ Demon + -logy : cf. F. d\'82monologie .] A treatise on demons; a supposititious science which treats of demons and their manifestations.

Sir W. Scott.

Demonomagy <Xpage=389>

De`mon*om"a*gy (?) , n. [Gr. dai`mwn demon + magic.] Magic in which the aid of demons is invoked; black or infernal magic.

Bp. Hurd.

Demonomania <Xpage=389>

De*mon`o*ma"ni*a (?) , n. [ Demon + mania .] A form of madness in which the patient conceives himself possessed of devils.

Demonomist <Xpage=389>

De*mon"o*mist (?) n. One in subjection to a demon, or to demons. [R.]

Sir T. Herbert.

Demonomy <Xpage=389>

De*mon"o*my (?) , n. [Gr. <?/ demon + <?/ law.] The dominion of demons. [R.]

Sir T. Herbert.

Demonry <Xpage=389>

De"mon*ry (?) , n. Demoniacal influence or possession.

J. Baillie.

Demonship <Xpage=389>

De"mon*ship , n. The state of a demon.

Mede.

Demonstrability <Xpage=389>

De*mon`stra*bil"i*ty (?) , n. The quality of being demonstrable; demonstrableness.

Demonstrable <Xpage=389>

De*mon"stra*ble (?) , a. [L. demonstrabilis : cf. OF. demonstrable , F. d\'82montrable .]

1. Capable of being demonstrated; that can be proved beyond doubt or question.

The grand articles of our belief are as demonstrable as geometry. Glanvill.

2. Proved; apparent. [Obs.]

Shak.

Demonstrableness <Xpage=389>

De*mon"stra*ble*ness , n. The quality of being demonstrable; demonstrability.

Demonstrably <Xpage=389>

De*mon"stra*bly , adv. In a demonstrable manner; incontrovertibly; clearly.

Cases that demonstrably concerned the public cause. Clarendon.

Demonstrance <Xpage=389>

De*mon"strance (?) , n. [OF. demonstrance .] Demonstration; proof. [Obs.]

Holland.

Demonstrate <Xpage=389>

Dem"on*strate (?; 277) , v. t. [L. demonstratus , p. p. of demonstrare to demonstrate; de- + monstrare to show. See Monster .]

1. To point out; to show; to exhibit; to make evident.

Shak.

2. To show, or make evident, by reasoning or proof; to prove by deduction; to establish so as to exclude the possibility of doubt or denial.

We can not demonstrate these things so as to show that the contrary often involves a contradiction. Tillotson.

3. (Anat.) To exhibit and explain (a dissection or other anatomical preparation).

Demonstrater <Xpage=389>

Dem"on*stra`ter , n. See Demonstrator .

Demonstration <Xpage=389>

Dem`on*stra"tion (?) , n. [L. demonstratio : cf. F. d\'82monstration .]

1. The act of demonstrating; an exhibition; proof; especially, proof beyond the possibility of doubt; indubitable evidence, to the senses or reason.

Those intervening ideas which serve to show the agreement of any two others are called "proofs;" and where agreement or disagreement is by this means plainly and clearly perceived, it is called demonstration . Locke.

2. An expression, as of the feelings, by outward signs; a manifestation; a show.

Did your letters pierce the queen to any demonstration of grief? Shak.

Loyal demonstrations toward the prince. Prescott.

3. (Anat.) The exhibition and explanation of a dissection or other anatomical preparation.

4. (Mil.) a decisive exhibition of force, or a movement indicating an attack.

5. (Logic) The act of proving by the syllogistic process, or the proof itself.

6. (Math.) A course of reasoning showing that a certain result is a necessary consequence of assumed premises; -- these premises being definitions, axioms, and previously established propositions.

Direct , &or; Positive , demonstration (Logic & Math.) , one in which the correct conclusion is the immediate sequence of reasoning from axiomatic or established premises; -- opposed to Indirect , &or; Negative , demonstration (called also reductio ad absurdum ), in which the correct conclusion is an inference from the demonstration that any other hypothesis must be incorrect.

Demonstrative <Xpage=389>

De*mon"stra*tive (?) , a. [F. d\'82monstratif , L. demonstrativus .]

1. Having the nature of demonstration; tending to demonstrate; making evident; exhibiting clearly or conclusively. " Demonstrative figures."

Dryden.

An argument necessary and demonstrative . Hooker.

2. Expressing, or apt to express, much; displaying feeling or sentiment; as, her nature was demonstrative .

3. Consisting of eulogy or of invective. " Demonstrative eloquence."

Blair.

Demonstrative pronoun (Gram.) , a pronoun distinctly designating that to which it refers.

Demonstrative <Xpage=389>

De*mon"stra*tive , n. (Gram.) A demonstrative pronoun; as, "this" and "that" are demonstratives .

Demonstratively <Xpage=389>

De*mon"stra*tive*ly (?) , adv. In a manner fitted to demonstrate; clearly; convincingly; forcibly.

Demonstrativeness <Xpage=389>

De*mon"stra*tive*ness , n. The state or quality of being demonstrative.

Demonstrator <Xpage=389>

Dem"on*stra`tor (?; 277) , n. [L.: cf. F. d\'82monstrateur .]

1. One who demonstrates; one who proves anything with certainty, or establishes it by indubitable evidence.

2. (Anat.) A teacher of practical anatomy.

Demonstratory <Xpage=389>

De*mon"stra*to*ry (?) , a. Tending to demonstrate; demonstrative.

Johnson.

Demorage <Xpage=389>

De*mor"age (?; 48) , n. Demurrage. [Obs.]

Pepys (1663).

Demoralization <Xpage=389>

De*mor`al*i*za"tion (?) , n. [Cf. F. d\'82moralisation .] The act of corrupting or subverting morals. Especially: The act of corrupting or subverting discipline, courage, hope, etc., or the state of being corrupted or subverted in discipline, courage, etc.; as, the demoralization of an army or navy .

Demoralize <Xpage=389>

De*mor"al*ize (?) , v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Demoralized (?) ; p. pr. & vb. n. Demoralizing .] [F. d\'82moraliser ; pref. d\'82- (L. dis- or de ) + moraliser . See Moralize .] To corrupt or undermine in morals; to destroy or lessen the effect of moral principles on; to render corrupt or untrustworthy in morals, in discipline, in courage, spirit, etc.; to weaken in spirit or efficiency.

The demoralizing example of profligate power and prosperous crime. Walsh.

The vices of the nobility had demoralized the army. Bancroft.

Demosthenic <Xpage=389>

Dem`os*then"ic (?) , a. [L. Demosthenicus : cf. F. D\'82mosth\'82nique .] Pertaining to, or in the style of, Demosthenes, the Grecian orator.

Demotic <Xpage=389>

De*mot"ic (?) , a. [Gr. <?/, fr. <?/ the people: cf. F. d\'82motique .] Of or pertaining to the people; popular; common.

Demotic alphabet &or; character , a form of writing used in Egypt after six or seven centuries before Christ, for books, deeds, and other such writings; a simplified form of the hieratic character; -- called also epistolographic character , and enchorial character . See Enchorial .

Demount <Xpage=389>

De*mount" (?) , v. i. To dismount. [R.]

Dempne <Xpage=389>

Demp"ne (?) v. t. To damn; to condemn. [Obs.]

Chaucer.

Dempster; 215, Demster <Xpage=389>

Demp"ster (?; 215) , Dem"ster (?) , n. [See Deemster .]

1. A deemster.

2. (O. Scots Law) An officer whose duty it was to announce the doom or sentence pronounced by the court.

Demulce <Xpage=389>

De*mulce" (?) , v. t. [L. demulcere ; de- + mulcere to stroke, soothe.] To soothe; to mollify; to pacify; to soften. [R.]

Sir T. Elyot.

Demulcent <Xpage=389>

De*mul"cent (?) , a. [L. demulcens , p. pr. of demulcere .] Softening; mollifying; soothing; assuasive; as, oil is demulcent .

Demulcent <Xpage=389>

De*mul"cent , n. (Med.) A substance, usually of a mucilaginous or oily nature, supposed to be capable of soothing an inflamed nervous membrane, or protecting i<?/ from irritation. Gum Arabic, glycerin, olive oil, etc., are demulcents.

Demulsion <Xpage=389>

De*mul"sion (?) , n. The act of soothing; that which soothes.

Feltham.

Demur <Xpage=389>

De*mur" (?) , v. i. [ imp. & p. p. Demurred (?) ; p. pr. & vb. n. Demurring .] [OF. demurer , demorer , demourer , to linger, stay, F. demeurer , fr. L. demorari ; de- + morari to delay, tarry, stay, mora delay; prob. originally, time for thinking, reflection, and akin to memor mindful. See Memory .]

1. To linger; to stay; to tarry. [Obs.]

Yet durst not demur nor abide upon the camp. Nicols.

2. To delay; to pause; to suspend proceedings or judgment in view of a doubt or difficulty; to hesitate; to put off the determination or conclusion of an affair.

Upon this rub, the English embassadors thought fit to demur . Hayward.

3. To scruple or object; to take exception; as, I demur to that statement .

4. (Law) To interpose a demurrer. See Demurrer , 2.

Demur <Xpage=389>

De*mur" , v. t.

1. To suspend judgment concerning; to doubt of or hesitate about. [Obs.]

The latter I demur , for in their looks Much reason, and in their actions, oft appears. Milton.

2. To cause delay to; to put off. [Obs.]

He demands a fee, And then demurs me with a vain delay. Quarles.

Demur <Xpage=389>

De*mur" , n. [OF. demor , demore , stay, delay. See Demur , v. i. ] Stop; pause; hesitation as to proceeding; suspense of decision or action; scruple.

All my demurs but double his attacks; At last he whispers, "Do; and we go snacks." Pope.

Demure <Xpage=389>

De*mure" (?) , a. [Perh. from OF. de murs (i. e., de bonnes murs of good manners); de of + murs , mours , meurs , mors , F. m<?/urs , fr. L. mores (sing. mos ) manners, morals (see Moral ); or more prob. fr. OF. me\'81r , F. m\'96r mature, ripe (see Mature ) in a phrase preceded by de , as de m\'96re conduite of mature conduct.]

1. Of sober or serious mien; composed and decorous in bearing; of modest look; staid; grave.

Sober, steadfast, and demure . Milton.

Nan was very much delighted in her demure way, and that delight showed itself in her face and in her clear bright eyes. W. Black.

2. Affectedly modest, decorous, or serious; making a show of gravity.

A cat lay, and looked so demure , as if there had been neither life nor soul in her. L'Estrange.

Miss Lizzy, I have no doubt, would be as demure and coquettish, as if ten winters more had gone over her head. Miss Mitford.

Demure <Xpage=389>

De*mure" , v. i. To look demurely. [Obs.]

Shak.

Demurely <Xpage=389>

De*mure"ly , adv. In a demure manner; soberly; gravely; -- now, commonly, with a mere show of gravity or modesty.

They . . . looked as demurely as they could; for 't was a hanging matter to laugh unseasonably. Dryden.

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Demureness <Xpage=390>

De*mure"ness (?) , n. The state of being demure; gravity; the show of gravity or modesty.

Demurity <Xpage=390>

De*mur"i*ty (?) , n. Demureness; also, one who is demure.

Sir T. Browne.

Demurrable <Xpage=390>

De*mur"ra*ble (?) , a. That may be demurred to.

Stormonth.

Demurrage <Xpage=390>

De*mur"rage (?) , n. [Cf. OF. demorage delay. See Demur .] (Law) (a) The detention of a vessel by the freighter beyond the time allowed in her charter party for loading, unloading, or sailing. (b) The allowance made to the master or owner of the ship for such delay or detention.

The claim for demurrage ceases as soon as the ship is cleared out and ready for sailing. M\'bfCulloch.

&hand; The term is also applied to similar delays and allowances in land carriage, by wagons, railroads, etc.

Demurral <Xpage=390>

De*mur"ral (?) , n. Demur; delay in acting or deciding.