The Gutenberg Webster's Unabridged Dictionary
Chapter 382
Cy"cad (s?"k?d) , n. (Bot.) Any plant of the natural order Cycadece\'91 , as the sago palm, etc.
Cycadaceous <Xpage=361>
Cyc`a*da"ceous (s?k`?-d?"sh?s ∨ s?`k?-) , a. (Bot.) Pertaining to, or resembling, an order of plants like the palms, but having exogenous wood. The sago palm is an example.
Cycas <Xpage=361>
Cy"cas (s?"k?s) , n. [Of uncertain origin. Linn\'91us derives it from one of the "obscure Greek words."] (Bot.) A genus of trees, intermediate in character between the palms and the pines. The pith of the trunk of some species furnishes a valuable kind of sago.
Cyclamen <Xpage=361>
Cyc"la*men (s?k"l?-m?n) , n. [NL., fr. Gr. kykla`minos , kyklami`s .] (Bot.) A genus of plants of the Primrose family, having depressed rounded corms, and pretty nodding flowers with the petals so reflexed as to point upwards, whence it is called rabbit's ears . It is also called sow bread , because hogs are said to eat the corms.
Cyclamin <Xpage=361>
Cyc"la*min (-m?n) , n. A white amorphous substance, regarded as a glucoside, extracted from the corm of Cyclamen Europ\'91um .
Cyclas <Xpage=361>
Cy"clas (s?"kl?s) , n. [Cf. Ciclatoun .] A long gown or surcoat (cut off in front), worn in the Middle Ages. It was sometimes embroidered or interwoven with gold. Also, a rich stuff from which the gown was made.
Cycle <Xpage=361>
Cy"cle (s?"k'l) , n. [F. ycle , LL. cyclus , fr. Gr. <?/<?/<?/<?/<?/ ring or circle, cycle; akin to Skr. cakra wheel, circle. See Wheel .] 1. An imaginary circle or orbit in the heavens; one of the celestial spheres.
Milton.
2. An interval of time in which a certain succession of events or phenomena is completed, and then returns again and again, uniformly and continually in the same order; a periodical space of time marked by the recurrence of something peculiar; as, the cucle of the seasons, or of the year .
Wages . . . bear a full proportion . . . to the medium of provision during the last bad cycle of twenty years. Burke.
3. An age; a long period of time.
Better fifty years of Europe than a cycle of Cathay. Tennyson.
4. An orderly list for a given time; a calendar. [Obs.]
We . . . present our gardeners with a complete cycle of what is requisite to be done throughout every month of the year. Evelyn.
5. The circle of subjects connected with the exploits of the hero or heroes of some particular period which have severed as a popular theme for poetry, as the legend aof Arthur and the knights of the Round Table, and that of Charlemagne and his paladins.
6. (Bot.) One entire round in a circle or a spire; as, a cycle or set of leaves .
Gray.
7. A bicycle or tricycle, or other light velocipede.
Calippic cycle , a period of 76 years, or four Metonic cycles; -- so called from Calippus, who proposed it as an improvement on the Metonic cycle. -- Cycle of eclipses , a priod of about 6,586 days, the time of revolution of the moon's node; -- called Saros by the Chaldeans. -- Cycle of indiction , a period of 15 years, employed in Roman and ecclesiastical chronology, not founded on any astronomical period, but having reference to certain judicial acts which took place at stated epochs under the Greek emperors. -- Cycle of the moon , ∨ Metonic cycle , a period of 19 years, after the lapse of which the new and full moon returns to the same day of the year; -- so called from Meton, who first proposed it. -- Cycle of the sun , Solar cycle , a period of 28 years, at the end of which time the days of the month return to the same days of the week. The dominical or Sunday letter follows the same order; hence the solar cycle is also called the cycle of the Sunday letter . In the Gregorian calendar the solar cycle is in general interrupted at the end of the century.
Cycle <Xpage=361>
Cy"cle (s?"k'l) , v. i. [ imp. & p.p. Cycled . (-k'ld) ; p.pr. & vb. n. Cycling (-kl<?/ng) .] 1. To pass through a cycle of changes; to recur in cycles.
Tennyson. Darwin.
2. To ride a bicycle, tricycle, or other form of cycle.
Cyclic sklk ∨ sklk, Cyclical <Xpage=361>
Cyc"lic (s?k"l?k ∨ s?"kl?k) , Cyc"lic*al (s?k"l?-k a l) , a. [Cf. F. cycluque , Gr.<?/<?/<?/<?/<?/, fr. <?/<?/<?/<?/<?/ See Cycle .] Of or pertaining to a cycle or circle; moving in cycles; as, cyclical time .
Coleridge.
Cyclic chorus , the chorus which performed the songs and dances of the dithyrambic odes at Athens, dancing round the altar of Bacchus in a circle. -- Cyclic poets , certain epic poets who followed Homer, and wrote merely on the Trojan war and its heroes; -- so called because keeping within the circle of a singe subject. Also, any series or coterie of poets writing on one subject.
Milman.
Cyclide <Xpage=361>
Cy"clide (s?"kl?d) , n. [Gr. <?/<?/<?/<?/ circle.] (Geom.) A surface of the fourth degree, having certain special relations to spherical surfaces. The tore or anchor ring is one of the cyclides.
Cycling <Xpage=361>
Cy"cling (s?"kl?ng) , n. The act, art, or practice, of riding a cycle, esp. a bicycle or tricycle.
Cyclist <Xpage=361>
Cy"clist (s?"kl?st) , n. A cycler.
Cyclo- <Xpage=361>
Cy"clo- (s?"kl?-) . [Gr. <?/<?/<?/<?/<?/<?/ circle, wheel.] A combining form meaning circular , of a circle or wheel .
Cyclobranchiate <Xpage=361>
Cy`clo*bran"chi*ate (s?`kl?-br?n"k?-?t) , a. [ Cyclo- + branchiate .] (Zo\'94l) Having the gills around the margin of the body, as certain limpets.
Cycloganoid <Xpage=361>
Cy`clo*ga"noid (s?`kl?-g?"noid ∨ -g?n"oid) , a. (Zo\'94l.) Of or pertaining to the Cycloganoidei.
Cycloganoid <Xpage=361>
Cy`clo*ga"noid , n. (Zo\'94l.) One of the Cycloganoidei.
Cycloganoidei <Xpage=361>
Cy`clo*ga*noi"de*i (s?"kl?-g?-noi"d?-?) , n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. <?/<?/<?/<?/<?/ circle + NL. ganoidei . See Ganoid .] (Zo\'94l.) An order of ganoid fishes, having cycloid scales. The bowfin ( Amia calva ) is a living example.
Cyclograph <Xpage=361>
Cy"clo*graph (s?"kl?-gr?f) , n. [ Cyclo- + -graph .] See Arcograph .
Cycloid <Xpage=361>
Cy"cloid (s?"kloid) , n. [ Cyclo- + -oid : cf. F. cyclo\'8bde .] (Geom.) A curve generated by a point in the plane of a circle when the circle is rolled along a straight line, keeping always in the same plane.
&hand; The common cycloid is the curve described when the generating point ( p ) is on the circumference of the generating circle; the curtate cycloid , when that point lies without the circumference; the prolate or inflected cycloid , when the generating point ( p ) lies within that circumference.
Cycloid <Xpage=361>
Cy"cloid , a. (Zo\'94l.) Of or pertaining to the Cycloidei.
Cycloid scale (Zo\'94l.) , a fish scale which is thin and shows concentric lines of growth, without serrations on the margin.
Cycloid <Xpage=361>
Cy"cloid , n. (Zo\'94l.) One of the Cycloidei.
Cycloidal <Xpage=361>
Cy*cloid"al (- a l) , a. Pertaining to, or resembling, a cycloid; as, the cycloidal space is the space contained between a cycloid and its base .
Cycloidal engine . See Geometric lathe .
Cycloidei <Xpage=361>
Cy*cloi"de*i (s?-kloi"d?-?) , n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. <?/<?/<?/<?/<?/ circle + -oid .] (Zo\'94l.) An order of fishes, formerly proposed by Agassiz, for those with thin, smooth scales, destitute of marginal spines, as the herring and salmon. The group is now regarded as artificial.
Cycloidian <Xpage=361>
Cy*cloid"i*an (s?-kloid"?- a n) , a. & n. (Zo\'94l.) Same as 2d and 3d Cycloid .
Cyclometer <Xpage=361>
Cy*clom"e*ter (s?-kl?m"?-t?r) , n. [ Cyclo- + -meter.] A contrivance for recording the revolutions of a wheel, as of a bicycle.
Cyclometry <Xpage=361>
Cy*clom"e*try (-tr?) , n. [ Cyclo- + -metry : cf. F. cyclom<?/trie .] (Geom.) The art of measuring circles.
Cyclone <Xpage=361>
Cy"clone (s?"kl?n) , n. [Gr.<?/<?/<?/<?/<?/ moving in a circle, p. pr. of <?/<?/<?/<?/<?/, fr. <?/<?/<?/<?/<?/ circle.] (Meteor.) A violent storm, often of vast extent, characterized by high winds rotating about a calm center of low atmospheric pressure. This center moves onward, often with a velocity of twenty or thirty miles an hour.
&hand; The atmospheric disturbance usually accompanying a cyclone, marked by an onward moving area of high pressure, is called an anticyclone .
Cyclonic <Xpage=361>
Cy*clon"ic (s?-kl?n"?k) , a. Pertaining to a cyclone.
Cyclop <Xpage=361>
Cy"clop (s?"kl?p) , n. See Note under Cyclops , 1.
Cyclopean <Xpage=361>
Cy`clo*pe"an (s?`kl?-p?" a n) , a. [L. Cyclopeus , Gr. <?/<?/<?/<?/<?/, fr. <?/<?/<?/<?/<?/ Cyclops: cf. F. cyclopeen .] Pertaining to the Cyclops; characteristic of the Cyclops; huge; gigantic; vast and rough; massive; as, Cyclopean labors; Cyclopean architecture.
Cyclopedia Cyclop\'91dia <Xpage=361>
Cy`clo*pe"di*a Cy`clo*p\'91"di*a (s?`kl?-p?"d?-?) , n. [NL., from Gr. ky`klos circle + paidei`a the bringing up of a child, education, erudition, fr. paidey`ein to bring up a child. See Cycle , and cf. Encyclopedia , Pedagogue .] The circle or compass of the arts and sciences (originally, of the seven so-called liberal arts and sciences); circle of human knowledge. Hence, a work containing, in alphabetical order, information in all departments of knowledge, or on a particular department or branch; as, a cyclopedia of the physical sciences, or of mechanics . See Encyclopedia .
Cyclopedic <Xpage=361>
Cy`clo*ped"ic (s?`kl?-p?d"?k ∨ -p?"d?k) , a. Belonging to the circle of the sciences, or to a cyclopedia; of the nature of a cyclopedia; hence, of great range, extent, or amount; as, a man of cyclopedic knowledge .
Cyclopedist <Xpage=361>
Cy`clo*pe"dist (-p?"d?st) , n. A maker of, or writer for, a cyclopedia.
Cyclopic <Xpage=361>
Cy*clop"ic (s?-kl?p"?k) , a. [Gr. <?/<?/<?/<?/<?/, fr. <?/<?/<?/<?/.] Pertaining to the Cyclops; Cyclopean.
Cyclops <Xpage=361>
Cy"clops (s?"kl?ps) , n. sing. & pl. [L. Cyclops , Gr. <?/<?/<?/<?/<?/ (strictly round-eyed), pl. <?/<?/<?/<?/;<?/<?/<?/<?/<?/ circle + <?/<?/ eye.] 1. (Gr. Myth.) One of a race of giants, sons of Neptune and Amphitrite, having but one eye, and that in the middle of the forehead. They were fabled to inhabit Sicily, and to assist in the workshops of Vulcan, under Mt. Etna.
&hand; Pope, in his translation of the "Odyssey," uniformly spells this word Cyclop , when used in the singular.
2. (Zo\'94l.) A genus of minute Entomostraca, found both in fresh and salt water. See Copepoda .
3. A portable forge, used by tinkers, etc.
Cyclorama <Xpage=361>
Cy`clo*ra"ma (s?`kl?-r?"m? ∨ -r?"m?) , n. [ Cyclo- + Gr. <?/<?/<?/<?/ sight, spectacle.] A pictorial view which is extended circularly, so that the spectator is surrounded by the objects represented as by things in nature. The realistic effect is increased by putting, in the space between the spectator and the picture, things adapted to the scene represented, and in some places only parts of these objects, the completion of them being carried out pictorially.
Cycloscope <Xpage=361>
Cy"clo*scope (s?"kl?-sk?p) , n. [ Cyclo- + -scope .] A machine for measuring at any moment velocity of rotation, as of a wheel of a steam engine.
Knight.
Cyclosis <Xpage=361>
Cy*clo"sis (s?-kl?"s?s) , n. [NL., fr. Gr. <?/<?/<?/<?/ circulation, from <?/<?/<?/<?/. See Cyclone .] (Bot.) The circulation or movement of protoplasmic granules within a living vegetable cell.
Cyclostomata <Xpage=361>
Cy`clo*stom"a*ta (s?`kl?-st?m"?-t?) ,
Cyclostoma <Xpage=361>
Cy*clos"to*ma (s?-kl?s"t?-m?) ,, n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. <?/<?/<?/<?/ circle + <?/<?/<?/<?/, -<?/<?/ mouth.] (Zo\'94l.) A division of Bryozoa, in which the cells have circular apertures.
Cyclostome skl-stm, Cyclostomous <Xpage=361>
Cy"clo*stome (s?"kl?-st?m) , Cy*clos"to*mous (s?-kl?s"t?-m?s) , a. (Zo\'94l.) Pertaining to the Cyclostomi.
Cyclostomi <Xpage=361>
Cy*clos"to*mi (s?-kl?s"t?-m?) , n. pl. [NL. See Cyclostomata .] (Zo\'94l.) A glass of fishes having a suckerlike mouth, without jaws, as the lamprey; the Marsipobranchii.
Cyclostylar <Xpage=361>
Cy`clo*sty"lar (s?`kl?-st?"?r) , a. [ Cyclo- + Gr. <?/<?/<?/<?/ column.] Relating to a structure composed of a circular range of columns, without a core or building within.
Weale.
Cyclostyle <Xpage=361>
Cy"clo*style (s?"kl?-st?l) , n. [ Cyclo + style .] A contrivance for producing manifold copies of writing or drawing. The writing or drawing is done with a style carrying a small wheel at the end which makes minute punctures in the paper, thus converting it into a stencil. Copies are transferred with an inked roller.
Cyder <Xpage=361>
Cy"der (s?"d?r) , n. See Cider . [Archaic]
Cydonin <Xpage=361>
Cy*do"nin (s?-d?"n?n) , n. (Chem.) A peculiar mucilaginous substance extracted from the seeds of the quince ( Cydonia vulgaris ), and regarded as a variety of amylose.
Cygnet <Xpage=361>
Cyg"net (s?g"n?t) , n. [Dim. of F. cygne swan, L. cycnus . cygnus , fr. Gr. <?/<?/<?/<?/<?/: but F. cugne seems to be an etymological spelling of OF. cisne , fr. LL. cecinus , cicinus , perh. ultimately also fr. Gr. <?/<?/<?/<?/.] (Zo\'94l.) A young swan.
Shak.
Cygnus <Xpage=361>
Cyg"nus (s?g"n?s) , n. [L., a swan.] (Astron.) A constellation of the northern hemisphere east of, or following, Lyra; the Swan.
Cylinder <Xpage=361>
Cyl"in*der (s?l"?n-d?r) , n. [F. cylindre , OF. cilindre , L. cylindrus , fr. Gr. <?/<?/<?/<?/<?/, fr. <?/<?/<?/<?/<?/<?/,<?/<?/<?/<?/, to roll. Cf. Calender the machine.]
1. (Geom.) (a) A solid body which may be generated by the rotation of a parallelogram round one its sides; or a body of rollerlike form, of which the longitudinal section is oblong, and the cross section is circular. (b) The space inclosed by any cylindrical surface. The space may be limited or unlimited in length.
2. Any hollow body of cylindrical form , as: (a) The chamber of a steam engine in which the piston is moved by the force of steam. (b) The barrel of an air or other pump. (c) (Print.) The revolving platen or bed which produces the impression or carries the type in a cylinder press. (d) The bore of a gun; the turning chambered breech of a revolver.
3. The revolving square prism carryng the cards in a Jacquard loom.
Cylinder axis . (Anat.) See Axis cylinder , under Axis . -- Cylinder engine (Paper Making) , a machine in which a cylinder takes up the pulp and delivers it in a continuous sheet to the dryers. -- Cylinder escapement . See Escapement . -- Cylinder glass . See Glass . -- Cylinder mill . See Roller mill . -- Cylinder press . See Press .
Cylindraceous <Xpage=361>
Cyl`in*dra"ceous (-dr?"sh?s) , a. [Cf. F. cylyndrac<?/ ] Cylindrical, or approaching a cylindrical form.
Cylindric s-lndrk, Cylindrical <Xpage=361>
Cy*lin"dric (s?-l?n"dr?k) , Cy*lin"dric*al (-dr?-k a l) , a. [Gr.<?/<?/<?/<?/<?/, from <?/<?/<?/<?/<?/ cylinder: cf. F. cylindrique .] Having the form of a cylinder, or of a section of its convex surface; partaking of the properties of the cylinder.
Cylindrical lens , a lens having one, or more than one, cylindrical surface. -- Cylindric, ∨ Cylindrical , surface (Geom.) , a surface described by a straight line that moves according to any law, but so as to be constantly parallel to a given line. -- Cylindrical vault . (Arch.) See under Vault , n.
Cylindrically <Xpage=361>
Cy*lin"dric*al*ly (s?-l?n"dr?-k a l-l?) , adv. In the manner or shape of a cylinder; so as to be cylindrical.
Cylindricity <Xpage=361>
Cyl*`in*dric"i*ty (s?l`?n-dr?s"?-t?) , n The quality or condition of being cylindrical.
Cylindriform <Xpage=361>
Cy*lin"dri*form (s?-l?n"dr?-f?rm) , a. [L. cylindrus (Gr. <?/<?/<?/<?/) cylinder + -form : cf.F. cylindriforme .] Having the form of a cylinder.
Cylindroid <Xpage=361>
Cyl"in*droid (s?l"?n-droid) , n. [Gr. <?/<?/<?/<?/ cylinder + -oid : cf. F. cylindro<?/de .] 1. A solid body resembling a right cylinder, but having the bases or ends elliptical.
2. (Geom.) A certain surface of the third degree, described by a moving straight line; -- used to illustrate the motions of a rigid body and also the forces acting on the body.
Cylindrometric <Xpage=361>
Cy*lin`dro*met"ric (s?-l?n`dr?-m?t"r?k) , a. [Gr.<?/<?/<?/<?/ + <?/<?/<?/<?/ measure.] Belonging to a scale used in measuring cylinders.
Cyma <Xpage=361>
Cy"ma (s?"m?) n. [NL., fr. Gr. <?/<?/<?/ See Cyme ]
1. (Arch.) A member or molding of the cornice, the profile of which is wavelike in form.
2. (Bot.) A cyme. See Cyme .
Cyma recta , ∨ Cyma , a cyma, hollow in its upper part and swelling below. -- Cyma reversa , ∨ Ogee , a cyma swelling out on the upper part and hollow below.
Cymar <Xpage=361>
Cy*mar" (s?-m?r") , n. [F. simarre . See Chimere .] A sight covering; a scarf. See Simar .
Her body shaded with a light cymar . Dryden.
Cymatium <Xpage=361>
Cy*ma"ti*um (s?-m?"sh?-?m) , n. [L., fr. Gr. <?/<?/<?/<?/<?/, dim. of <?/<?/<?/<?/ a wave.] (Arch.) A capping or crowning molding in classic architecture.
Cymbal <Xpage=361>
Cym"bal (s?m"b a l) . n. [OE. cimbale , simbale , OF. cimbale , F. cymbale , L. cymbalum , fr. Gr. <?/<?/<?/<?/, fr. <?/<?/<?/<?/, <?/<?/<?/<?/, anything hollow, hollow vessel, basin, akin to Skr. kubha pot. Cf. Chime .] 1. A musical instrument used by the ancients. It is supposed to have been similar to the modern kettle drum, though perhaps smaller.
2. A musical instrument of brass, shaped like a circular dish or a flat plate, with a handle at the back; -- used in pairs to produce a sharp ringing sound by clashing them together.
&hand; In orchestras, one cymbal is commonly attached to the bass drum, and the other heid in the drummer's left hand, while his right hand uses the drumstick.
3. A musical instrument used by gypsies and others, made of steel wire, in a triangular form, on which are movable rings.
Cymbalist <Xpage=361>
Cym"bal*ist , n. A performer upon cymbals.
Cymbiform <Xpage=361>