Chapter 375

Culpatory <Xpage=355>

Cul"pa*to*ry (-t?-r?) , a. Expressing blame; censuring; reprehensory; inculpating.

Adjectives . . . commonly used by Latian authors in a culpatory sense. Walpole.

Culpe <Xpage=355>

Culpe (k?lp) , n. [F. coulpe , fr.L. culpa .] Blameworthiness. [Obs.]

Banished out of the realme . . . without culpe . E. Hall.

Culpon <Xpage=355>

Cul"pon (k?l"p?n) , n. [See Coupon .] A shered; a fragment; a strip of wood. [Obs.]

Chaucer.

Culprit <Xpage=355>

Cul"prit (k?l"pr?t) , n. [Prob. corrupted for culpate , fr. Law Latin culpatus the accused, p . p . of L. culpare to blame. See Culpable .] 1. One accused of, or ar<?/aigned for, a crime, as before a judge.

An author is in the condition of a culprit ; the public are his judges. Prior.

2. One quilty of a fault; a criminal.

Culrage <Xpage=355>

Cul"rage (k?l"r?j) , n. [OE. culrage , culrache ; prob. fr. F. cul the buttok + F. & E. rage ; F. curage .] (Bot.) Smartweed ( Polygonum Hydropiper ).

Cult <Xpage=355>

Cult (k?lt) n . [F. culte , L. cultus care, culture, fr. colere to cultivate. Cf. Cultus .] 1. Attentive care; homage; worship.

Every one is convinced of the reality of a better self, and of. the cult or homage which is due to it. Shaftesbury.

2. A system of religious belief and worship.

That which was the religion of Moses is the ceremonial or cult of the religion of Christ. Coleridge.

Cultch <Xpage=355>

Cultch (k?lch;224) , n. [Etymol. uncertain.] Empty oyster shells and other substances laid down on oyster grounds to furnish points for the attachment of the spawn of the oyster. [Also written cutch .]

Culter <Xpage=355>

Cul"ter (k?l"t?r) , n. [L.] A colter. See Colter .

Cultirostral <Xpage=355>

Cul`ti*ros"tral (-t?-r?s"tral) , a. [See Cultirostres .] (Zo\'94l.) Having a bill shaped like the colter of a plow, or like a knife, as the heron, stork, etc.

Cultirostres <Xpage=355>

Cul`ti*ros"tres (-tr?z) , n. pl. [NL., fr. L. culter colter of a plow, knife + rostrum bill.] (Zo\'94l.) A tribe of wading birds including the stork, heron, crane, etc.

Cultivable <Xpage=355>

Cul"ti*va*ble (k?l"t?-v?-b'l) , a. [Cf. F. cultivable .] Capable of being cultivated or tilled.

Todd.

Cultivatable <Xpage=355>

Cul"ti*va`ta*ble (k?l"t?-v?`t?-b'l) , a. Cultivable.

Cultivate <Xpage=355>

Cul"ti*vate (k?l"t?-v?t) , v. t. [ imp. & p.p. Cultivated (-v?`t?d) ; p.pr. & vb. n. Cultivating (-v?`-t\'b5ng) .] [LL. cultivatus , p.p. of cultivare to cultivate, fr. cultivus cultivated, fr. L. cultus , p.p. of colere to till, cultivate. Cf. Colony .] 1. To bestow attention, care, and labor upon, with a view to valuable returns; to till; to fertilize; as, to cultivate soil .

2. To direct special attention to; to devote time and thought to; to foster; to cherish.

Leisure . . . to cultivate general literature. Wordsworth.

3. To seek the society of; to court intimacy with.

I ever looked on Lord Keppel as one of the greatest and best men of his age; and I loved and cultivated him accordingly. Burke.

4. To improve by labor, care, or study; to impart culture to; to civilize; to refine.

To cultivate the wild, licentious savage. Addison.

The mind of man hath need to be prepared for piety and virtue; it must be cultivated to the end. Tillotson.

5. To raise or produce by tillage; to care for while growing; as, to cultivate corn or grass .

Cultivation <Xpage=355>

Cul`ti*va"tion (k?l`t?-v?"sh?n) , n. [Cf. F. cultivation .] 1. The art or act of cultivating; improvement for agricultural purposes or by agricultural processes; tillage; production by tillage.

2. Bestowal of time or attention for self-improvement or for the benefit of others; fostering care.

3. The state of being cultivated; advancement in physical, intellectual, or moral condition; refinement; culture.

Italy . . . was but imperfectly reduced to cultivation before the irruption of the barbarians. Hallam.

Cultivator <Xpage=355>

Cul"ti*va`tor (k?l"t?-v?`t?r) , n. [Cf. F. cultivateur .]

1. One who cultivates; as, a cultivator of the soil; a cultivator of literature.

Whewell.

2. An agricultural implement used in the tillage of growing crops, to loosen the surface of the earth and kill the weeds; esp., a triangular frame set with small shares, drawn by a horse and by handles.

&hand; In a broader signification it includes any complex implement for pulverizing or stirring the surface of the soil, as harrows, grubbers, horse hoes, etc.

Cultrate kltrt, Cultrated <Xpage=355>

Cul"trate (k?l"tr?t) , Cul"tra*ted (-tr?-t?d) , a. [L. cultratus knife-shaped, from culter , cultri , knife.] (Bot. & Zo\'94l.) Sharp-edged and pointed; shaped like a pruning knife, as the beak of certain birds.

Cultriform <Xpage=355>

Cul"tri*form (-tr?-f?rm) , a. [L. culter , cultri , knife + -form .] (Bot. & Zo\'94l.) Shaped like a pruning knife; cultrate.

Cultrivorous <Xpage=355>

Cul*triv"o*rous (k?l-tr?b"?-r?s) , a. [L. culter , cultri , knife + vorare to devour.] Devouring knives; swallowing, or pretending to swallow, knives; -- applied to persons who have swallowed, or have seemed to swallow, knives with impunity.

Dunglison.

Culturable <Xpage=355>

Cul"tur*a*ble (k?l"t?r-?-b'l; 135) , a. Capable of, or fit for, being cultivated; capable or becoming cultured.

London Spectator.

Cultural <Xpage=355>

Cul"tur*al (k?l"t?r-a]/>l) , a. Of or pertaining to culture.

Culture <Xpage=355>

Cul"ture (k?l"t?r; 135) , n. [F. culture , L. cultura , fr. colere to till, cultivate; of uncertain origin. Cf. Colony .] 1. The act or practice of cultivating, or of preparing the earth for seed and raising crops by tillage; as, the culture of the soil .

2. The act of, or any labor or means employed for, training, disciplining, or refining the moral and intellectual nature of man; as. the culture of the mind.

If vain our toil We ought to blame the culture , not the soil. Pepe.

3. The state of being cultivated; result of cultivation; physical improvement; enlightenment and discipline acquired by mental and moral training; civilization; refinement in manners and taste.

What the Greeks expressed by their <?/<?/<?/<?/<?/<?/<?/, the Romans by their humanitas , we less happily try to express by the more artificial word culture . J. C. Shairp.

The list of all the items of the general life of a people represents that whole which we call its culture . Tylor.

Culture fluid , a fluid in which the germs of microscopic organisms are made to develop, either for purposes of study or as a means of modifying their virulence.

Culture <Xpage=355>

Cul"ture , v. t. [ imp. & p.p. Cultured (-t?rd; 135) ; p. pr. & vb. n. Culturing .] To cultivate; to educate.

They came . . . into places well inhabited and cultured . Usher.

Cultured <Xpage=355>

Cul"tured (k?l"t?rd) , a. 1. Under culture; cultivated. " Cultured vales."

Shenstone.

2. Characterized by mental and moral training; disciplined; refined; well-educated.

The sense of beauty in nature, even among cultured people, is less often met with than other mental endowments. I. Taylor.

The cunning hand and cultured brain. Whittier.

Cultureless <Xpage=355>

Cul"ture*less , a. Having no culture.

Culturist <Xpage=355>

Cul"tur*ist , n. 1. A cultivator.

2. One who is an advocate of culture.

The culturists , by which term I mean not those who esteem culture (as what intelligent man does not<?/) but those its exclusive advocates who recommend it as the panacea for all the ills of humanity, for its effects in cultivating the whole man. J. C. Shairp

Cultus <Xpage=355>

Cul"tus (k?l"t?s) , n. sing. & pl .; E. pl. Cultuses (-<?/z) . [L., cultivation, culture. See Cult .] Established or accepted religious rites or usages of worship; state of religious development. Cf. Cult , 2.

Cultus cod <Xpage=355>

Cul"tus cod` (k?d`) . [Chinook cultus of little worth.] (Zo\'94l.) See Cod , and Buffalo cod , under Buffalo .

Culver <Xpage=355>

Cul"ver (k?"v?r) , n. [AS. culfre , perh. fr. L. columba .] A dove. " Culver in the falcon's fist."

Spenser.

Culver <Xpage=355>

Cul"ver , n. [Abbrev. fr. Culverin .] A culverin.

Falcon and culver on each tower Stood prompt their deadly hail to shower. Sir W. Scott.

Culverhouse <Xpage=355>

Cul"ver*house` (-hous`) , n. A dovecote.

Culverin <Xpage=355>

Cul"ver*in (k?l"v?r-?n) , n. [F. coulevrine , prop. fem. of couleuvrin like a serpent, fr. couleuvre adder, fr. L. coluber , colubra .] A long cannon of the 16th century, usually an 18-pounder with serpent-shaped handles.

Trump, and drum, and roaring culverin . Mac<?/ulay.

Culverkey <Xpage=355>

Cul"ver*key` (-k?`) , n. 1. A bunch of the keys or samaras of the ash tree.

Wright.

2. An English meadow plant, perhaps the columbine or the bluebell squill ( Scilla nutans ). [Obs.]

A girl cropping culverkeys and cowslips to make garlands. Walton.

Culvert <Xpage=355>

Cul"vert (k?l"v?rt) , n. [Prob. from OF. coulouere , F. couloir , channel, gutter, gallery, fr. couler to flow. See Cullis .] A transverse drain or waterway of masonry under a road, railroad, canal, etc.; a small bridge.

Culvertail <Xpage=355>

Cul"ver*tail` (k?l"v?r-t?l`) , n. (Carp.) Dovetail.

Culvertailed <Xpage=355>

Cul"ver*tailed` (-t?ld`) , a. United or fastened by a dovetailed joint.

Cumacea <Xpage=355>

Cu*ma"ce*a (k?-m?"sh?-? or -s?-?) , n. pl. [NL.] (Zo\'94l.) An order of marine Crustacea, mostly of small size.

Cumbent <Xpage=355>

Cum"bent (k?m"bent) , a. [Cf. Recumbent , Covey .] Lying down; recumbent.

J. Dyer.

Cumber <Xpage=355>

Cum"ber (k?m"b?r) , v. t. [ imp. & p.p. Cumbered (-b?rd) ; p. pr. & vb. n. Cumbering .] [OE. combren , cumbren ,OF. combrer to hinder, from LL. cumbrus a heap, fr. L. cumulus ; cf. Skr. <?/<?/ to increase, grow strong. Cf. Cumulate .] To rest upon as a troublesome or useless weight or load; to be burdensome or oppressive to; to hinder or embarrass in attaining an object, to obstruct or occupy uselessly; to embarrass; to trouble.

Why asks he what avails him not in fight, And would but cumber and retard his flight? Dryden.

Martha was cumbered about much serving. Luke x. 40.

Cut it down; why cumbereth it the ground? Luke xiii. 7.

The multiplying variety of arguments, especially frivolous ones, . . . but cumbers the memory. Locke.

Cumber <Xpage=355>

Cum"ber (k?m"b?r) , n. [Cf. encombre hindrance, impediment. See Cuber, v. ] Trouble; embarrassment; distress. [Obs.] [Written also comber .]

A place of much distraction and cumber . Sir H. Wotton.

Sage counsel in cumber . Sir W. Scott.

Cumbersome <Xpage=355>

Cum"ber*some (k<?/m"b<?/r-s<?/m) , a. 1. Burdensome or hindering, as a weight or drag; embarrassing; vexatious; cumbrous.

To perform a cumbersome obedience. Sir. P. Sidney.

2. Not easily managed; as, a cumbersome contrivance or machine .

He holds them in utter contempt, as lumbering, cumbersome , circuitous. I. Taylor.

-- Cum"ber*some*ly , adv. -- Cum"ber*some*ness , n.

Cumbrance <Xpage=355>

Cum"brance (k?m"br a ns) , n. Encumbrance. [Obs.]

Extol not riches then, the toil of fools, The wise man's cumbrance , if not snare. Milton.

Cumbrian <Xpage=355>

Cum"bri*an (k?m"br?-a]/>n) , a. Pertaining to Cumberland, England, or to a system of rocks found there.

Cumbrian system (Geol.) , the slate or graywacke system of rocks, now included in the Cambrian or Silurian system; -- so called because most prominent at Cumberland.

Cumbrous <Xpage=355>

Cum"brous (k?m"br?s) , a. 1. Rendering action or motion difficult or toilsome; serving to obstruct or hinder; burdensome; clogging.

He sunk beneath the cumbrous weight. Swift.

That cumbrous and unwieldy style which disfigures English composition so extensively. De Quincey.

2. Giving trouble; vexatious. [Obs.]

A clud of cumbrous gnats. Spenser.

-- Cum"brous*ly , adv. -- Cum"brous*ness , n.

Cumene <Xpage=355>

Cu"mene (k?"m?n) , n. [From Cumin .] (Chem.) A colorless oily hydrocarbon, C6H5.C3H7 , obtained by the distillation of cuminic acid; -- called also cumol .

Cumfrey <Xpage=355>

Cum"frey (k?m"fr?) , n. (Bot.) See Comfrey .

Cumic <Xpage=355>

Cu"mic (k?"m?k) , a. (Chem.) See Cuming .

Cumidine <Xpage=355>

Cu"mi*dine (k?"m?-d?n &or; -d?n) , n. [From Cumin .] (Chem.) A strong, liquid, organic base, C3H7.C6H4.NH2 , homologous with aniline.

Cumin <Xpage=355>

Cum"in (k?m"?n) , n. [OE. comin , AS. cymen , fr. L. cuminum , Gr.<?/<?/<?/<?/<?/<?/<?/; of Semitic origin, cf. Ar. kamm<?/n , Heb. kamm<?/n ; cf. OF. comin , F. cumin . Cf. Kummel .] (Bot.) A dwarf umbelliferous plant, somewhat resembling fennel ( Cuminum Cyminum ), cultivated for its seeds, which have a bitterish, warm taste, with an aromatic flavor, and are used like those of anise and caraway. [Written also cummin .]

Rank-smelling rue, and cumin good for eyes. Spenser.

Black cumin (Bot.) , a plant ( Nigella sativa ) with pungent seeds, used by the Afghans, etc.

Cuminic <Xpage=355>

Cu*min"ic (k?-m?n"?k) , a. Pertaining to, or derived from, cumin, or from oil of caraway; as, cuminic acid .

Cuminic acid (Chem.) , white crystalline substance, C3H7.C6H4.CO2H , obtained from oil of caraway.

Cuminil <Xpage=355>

Cu"mi*nil (k?"m?-n?l) , n . A substance, analogous to benzil, obtained from oil of caraway.

Cuminol <Xpage=355>

Cu"mi*nol (-n?l) , n. [ Cuminic + L. ole um.] A liquid, C3H7.C6H4.CHO , obtained from oil of caraway; -- called also cuminic aldehyde .

Cummin <Xpage=355>

Cum"min (k?m"m?n) , n. Same as Cumin .

Ye pay tithe of mint, and cummin . Matt. xxiii. 23.

Cumshaw <Xpage=355>

Cum"shaw (k?m"sha) , n. [Chin. kom-tsie .] A present or bonus; -- originally applied to that paid on ships which entered the port of Canton.

S. Wells Williams.

Cumshaw <Xpage=355>

Cum"shaw , v. t. To give or make a present to.

Cumu-cirro-stratus <Xpage=355>

Cu"mu-cir`ro-stra"tus (k?`m\'b5-s?r`r?-str?"t?s) , n. (Meteor.) Nimbus, or rain cloud. See Nimbus , and Cloud .

Cumulate <Xpage=355>

Cu"mu*late (k?"m?-l?t) , v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Cumulated (-l?`t?d) ; p. pr. & vb. n. Cumulating (-l?`t?ng) .] [L. cumulatus , p. p. of cumulare to heap up, fr. cumulus a heap. See Cumber .] To gather or throw into a heap; to heap together; to accumulate.

Shoals of shells, bedded and cumulated heap upon heap. Woodward.

Cumulation <Xpage=355>

Cu`mu*la"tion (k?`m?-l?"sh?n) , n. [Cf. F. cumulation .] The act of heaping together; a heap. See Accumulation .

Cumulatist <Xpage=355>

Cu"mu*la*tist (k?"m?-l?-t?st) , n. One who accumulates; one who collects. [R.]

Cumulative <Xpage=355>

Cu"mu*la*tive (k?"m?-l?-t?v) , a. [Cf. F. cumulatif .]

1. Composed of parts in a heap; forming a mass; agregated. "As for knowledge which man receiveth by teaching, it is cumulative , njt original."

Bacon

2. Augmenting, gaining, or giving force, by successive additions; as, a cumulative argument, i . e ., one whose force increases as the statement proceeds.

The argument . . . is in very truth not logical and single, but moral and cumulative . Trench.

3. (Law) (a) Tending to prove the same point to which other evidence has been offered; -- said of evidence. (b) Given by same testator to the same legatee; -- said of a legacy.

Bouvier. Wharton.

<page="356"> Page 356

Cumulative action (Med.) , that action of certain drugs, by virtue of which they produce, when administered in small doses repeated at considerable intervals, the same effect as if given in a single large dose. -- Cumulative poison , a poison the action of which is cumulative. -- Cumulative vote &or; system of voting (Politics) , that system which allows to each voter as many votes as there are persons to be voted for, and permits him to accumulate these votes upon one person, or to distribute them among the candidates as he pleases.

Cumulose <Xpage=356>

Cu"mu*lose` (k?"m?-l?s`) , a. [From Cumulus .] Full of heaps.

Cumulostratus <Xpage=356>

Cu"mu*lo*stra"tus (k?"m?-l?-str?"t?s) , n. (Meteor.) A form of cloud. See Cloud .

Cumulus <Xpage=356>

Cu"mu*lus (k?"m?-l?s) , n. ; pl. Cumuli (-l<?/) . [L., a heap. See Cumber .] (Meteor.) One of the four principal forms of clouds. See Cloud .

Cun <Xpage=356>

Cun (k?n) , v. t. [See Cond .] To con (a ship). [Obs.]

Cun <Xpage=356>

Cun , v. t. [See 1st Con .] To know. See Con . [Obs.]

Cunabula <Xpage=356>