Chapter 371

Crunk krnk, Crunkle <Xpage=351>

Crunk (kr?nk) , Crun"kle (kr?n"k'l) , v. i. [Cf. Icel. kr<?/nka to croak.] To cry like a crane. [Obs.] "The crane crunketh ."

Withals (1608).

Crunodal <Xpage=351>

Cru*no"dal (kr?-n?"d a l) , a. (Geom.) Possessing, or characterized by, a crunode; -- used of curves.

Crunode <Xpage=351>

Cru"node (kr?"n?d) , n. [Prob. fr. L. crux a cross + E. node .] (Geom.) A point where one branch of a curve crosses another branch. See Double point , under Double , a.

Cruor <Xpage=351>

Cru"or (kr?"?r) , n. [L., blood. See Crude .] The coloring matter of the blood; the clotted portion of coagulated blood, containing the coloring matter; gore.

Cruorin <Xpage=351>

Cru"o*rin (-?-r?n) , n. (Physiol.) The coloring matter of the blood in the living animal; h\'91moglobin.

Crup <Xpage=351>

Crup (kr?p) , a. [Cf. OHG. grop , G. grob , coarse.] Short; brittle; as, crup cake .

Todd.

Crup <Xpage=351>

Crup (kr?p) , n. See Croup , the rump of a horse.

Crupper <Xpage=351>

Crup"per (kr?p"p?r in U.S. ; kr?p"?r in Eng. ) , n. [F. croupi<?/re , fr. croupe . See Croup the rump of a horse.] [Written also crouper .] 1. The buttocks or rump of a horse.

2. A leather loop, passing under a horse's tail, and buckled to the saddle to keep it from slipping forwards.

Crupper <Xpage=351>

Crup"per , v. t. To fit with a crupper; to place a crupper upon; as, to crupper a horse .

Crura <Xpage=351>

Cru"ra (kr?"r?) , n. pl. (Anat.) See Crus .

Crural <Xpage=351>

Cru"ral (-r a l) , a. [L. cruralis , fr. crus , cruris , leg: cf. F. crural .] (Anat.) Of or pertaining to the thigh or leg, or to any of the parts called crura ; as, the crural arteries; crural arch; crural canal; crural ring .

Crus <Xpage=351>

Crus (kr?s) , n. ; pl. Crura (kr<?/"r<?/) . [L., the leg.] (Anat.) (a) That part of the hind limb between the femur, or thigh, and the ankle, or tarsus; the shank. (b) Often applied, especially in the plural, to parts which are supposed to resemble a pair of legs; as, the crura of the diaphragm, a pair of muscles attached to it; crura cerebri , two bundles of nerve fibers in the base of the brain, connecting the medulla and the forebrain.

Crusade <Xpage=351>

Cru*sade" (kr?-s?d") , n. [F. croisade , fr. Pr. crozada , or Sp cruzada , or It. crociata , from a verb signifying to take the cross, mark one's self with a cross, fr. L. crux cross; or possibly taken into English directly fr. Pr. Cf. Croisade , Crosado , and see Cross .] 1. Any one of the military expeditions undertaken by Christian powers, in the 11th, 12th, and 13th centuries, for the recovery of the Holy Land from the Mohammedans.

2. Any enterprise undertaken with zeal and enthusiasm; as, a crusade against intemperance .

3. A Portuguese coin. See Crusado .

Crusade <Xpage=351>

Cru*sade" , v. i. [ imp. & p. p. Crusaded ; p. pr. & vb. n. Crusading .] To engage in a crusade; to attack in a zealous or hot-headed manner. "Cease crusading against sense."

M. Green.

Crusader <Xpage=351>

Cru*sad"er (-s?"d?r) , n. One engaged in a crusade; as, the crusaders of the Middle Ages .

Azure-eyed and golden-haired, Forth the young crusaders fared. Longfellow.

Crusading <Xpage=351>

Cru*sad"ing , a. Of or pertaining to a crusade; as, a crusading spirit .

Crusado <Xpage=351>

Cru*sa"do (-s?"d?) , n. [Pg. cruzado , fr. cruz , fr. L. crux . See Crusade , 3.] An old Portuguese coin, worth about seventy cents. [Written also cruade .]

Shak.

Cruse <Xpage=351>

Cruse (kr?s) , n. [Akin to LG. kruus , kroos , mug, jug, jar, D. kroes , G. krause , Icel. krus , Sw. krus , Dan. kruus . Cf. Crucible , Cresset .] 1. A cup or dish.

Take with thee . . . a cruse of honey. 1 Kings xiv. 3.

2. A bottle for holding water, oil, honey, etc.

So David took . . . the cruse of water. 1 Sam. xxvi. 12.

Cruset <Xpage=351>

Cru"set (kr?"s?t) , n. [Cf. F. creuset . See Cruse , Crucible .] A goldsmith's crucible or melting pot.

Crush <Xpage=351>

Crush (kr?sh) , v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Crushed (kr?sht) ; p. pr. & vb. n. Crushing .] [OE. cruschen , crousshen , Of. cruisir , croissir , fr. LL. cruscire , prob. of Ger. origin, from a derivative of the word seen in Goth. kruistan to gnash; akin to Sw. krysta to squeeze, Dan. kryste , Icel. kreysta .] 1. To press or bruise between two hard bodies; to squeeze, so as to destroy the natural shape or integrity of the parts, or to force together into a mass; as, to crush grapes .

Ye shall not offer unto the Lord that which is bruised, or crushed , or broken, or cut. Lev. xxii. 24.

The ass . . . thrust herself unto the wall, and crushed Balaam's foot against the wall. Num. xxii. 25.

2. To reduce to fine particles by pounding or grinding; to comminute; as, to crush quartz .

3. To overwhelm by pressure or weight; to beat or force down, as by an incumbent weight.

To crush the pillars which the pile sustain. Dryden.

Truth, crushed to earth, shall rise again. Bryant.

4. To oppress or burden grievously.

Thou shalt be only oppressed and crushed alway. Deut. xxviii. 33.

5. To overcome completely; to subdue totally.

Speedily overtaking and crushing the rebels. Sir. W. Scott.

To crush a cup , to drink. [Obs.] -- To crush out . (a) To force out or separate by pressure, as juice from grapes. (b) To overcome or destroy completely; to suppress.

Crush <Xpage=351>

Crush (kr?sh) , v. i. To be or become broken down or in, or pressed into a smaller compass, by external weight or force; as, an eggshell crushes easily .

Crush <Xpage=351>

Crush , n. 1. A violent collision or compression; a crash; destruction; ruin.

The wreck of matter, and the crush of worlds. Addison.

2. Violent pressure, as of a crowd; a crowd which produced uncomfortable pressure; as, a crush at a peception .

Crush hat , a hat which collapses, and can be carried under the arm, and when expanded is held in shape by springs; hence, any hat not injured by compressing. -- Crush room , a large room in a theater, opera house, etc., where the audience may promenade or converse during the intermissions; a foyer.

Politics leave very little time for the bow window at White's in the day, or for the crush room of the opera at night. Macualay.

Crusher <Xpage=351>

Crush"er (-?r) , n. One who, or that which, crushes.

Crusher gauge , an instrument for measuring the explosive force of gunpowder, etc., by its effect in compressing a piece of metal.

Crushing <Xpage=351>

Crush"ing , a. That crushes; overwhelming. "The blow must be quick and crushing ."

Macualay.

Crust <Xpage=351>

Crust (kr?st) , n. [L. crusta : cf. OF. crouste , F. cro<?/te ; prob. akin to Gr. <?/<?/<?/<?/<?/ ice, E. crystal , from the same root as E. crude , raw . See Raw , and cf. Custard .] 1. The hard external coat or covering of anything; the hard exterior surface or outer shell; an incrustation; as, a crust of snow .

I have known the statute of an emperor quite hid under a crust of dross. Addison.

Below this icy crust of conformity, the waters of infidelity lay dark and deep as ever. Prescott.

2. (Cookery) (a) The hard exterior or surface of bread, in distinction from the soft part or crumb; or a piece of bread grown dry or hard. (b) The cover or case of a pie, in distinction from the soft contents. (c) The dough, or mass of doughy paste, cooked with a potpie; -- also called dumpling .

Th' impenetrable crust thy teeth defies. Dryden.

He that keeps nor crust nor crumb. Shak.

They . . . made the crust for the venison pasty. Macualay.

3. (Geol.) The exterior portion of the earth, formerly universally supposed to inclose a molten interior.

4. (Zo\'94l.) The shell of crabs, lobsters, etc.

5. (Med.) A hard mass, made up of dried secretions blood, or pus, occurring upon the surface of the body.

6. An incrustation on the interior of wine bottles, the result of the ripening of the wine; a deposit of tartar, etc. See Beeswing .

Crust <Xpage=351>

Crust , v. t. [ imp. & p.p. Crusted ; p. pr. & vb. n. Crusting .] [Cf. OF. crouster , L. crustare . See Crust , n. ] To cover with a crust; to cover or line with an incrustation; to incrust.

The whole body is crusted over with ice. Boyle.

And now their legs, and breast, and bodies stood Crusted with bark. Addison.

Very foul and crusted bottles. Swift.

Their minds are crusted over, like diamonds in the rock. Felton.

Crust <Xpage=351>

Crust , v. i. To gather or contract into a hard crust; to become incrusted.

The place that was burnt . . . crusted and healed. Temple.

Crusta <Xpage=351>

Crus"ta (kr?s"t?) , n. [L., shell, crust, inlaid work.]

1. A crust or shell.

2. A gem engraved, or a plate embossed in low relief, for inlaying a vase or other object.

Crustacea <Xpage=351>

Crus*ta"ce*a (kr?s-t?"sh?-?) , n. pl. [Neut. pl. of NL. crustaceus pert. to the crust or shell, from L. crusta the hard surfsce of a body, rind, shell.] (Zo\'94l.) One of the classes of the arthropods, including lobsters and crabs; -- so called from the crustlike shell with which they are covered.

&hand; The body usually consists of an anterior part, made up of the head and thorax combined, called the cephalothorax , and of a posterior jointed part called the abdomen , postabdomen , and (improperly) tail . They breathe by means of gills variously attached to some of the limbs or to the sides the body, according to the group. They are divisible into two subclasses, Entomostraca and Malacostraca, each of which includes several orders.

Crustacean <Xpage=351>

Crus*ta"cean (kr?s-t?"sh a n; 97) , a. (Zo\'94l.) Of or pertaining to the Crustacea; crustaceous. -- n. An animal belonging to the class Crustacea .

Crustaceological <Xpage=351>

Crus*ta`ce*o*log"ic*al (-sh?-?-l?j"?-k a l) , a. Pertaining to crustaceology.

Crustaceologist <Xpage=351>

Crus*ta`ce*ol"o*gist (-?ll"?-j?st) , n. One versed in crustaceology; a crustalogist.

Crustaceology <Xpage=351>

Crus*ta`ce*ol"o*gy (-j?) , n. [ Crustacea + -logy .] That branch of Zo\'94logy which treats of the Crustacea; malacostracology; carcinology.

Crustaceous <Xpage=351>

Crus*ta"ceous (kr?s-t?"sh?s; 97) , a. [NL. crustaceous . See crustacea .] 1. Pertaining to, or of the nature of, crust or shell; having a crustlike shell.

2. (Zo\'94l.) Belonging to the Crustacea; crustacean.

Crustaceousness <Xpage=351>

Crus*ta"ceous*ness , n. The state or quality of being crustaceous or having a crustlike shell.

Crustal <Xpage=351>

Crust"al (kr?st" a l) , a. Relating to a crust.

Crustalogical <Xpage=351>

Crus`ta*log"ic*al (kr?s`t?-l?j"?-k a l) , a. Pertaining to crustalogy.

Crustalogist <Xpage=351>

Crus*tal"o*gist (-t<?/l"<?/-j<?/st) , n. One versed in crustalogy.

<page="352"> Page 352

Crustalogy <Xpage=352>

Crus*tal"o*gy (kr?s-t?l"?-j?) , n. [L. crusta shell + -logy .] Crustaceology.

Crustated <Xpage=352>

Crus"ta*ted (kr?s"t?-t?d) , a. [L. crustatus , p. p. of crustare , fr. crusta . See Crust .] Covered with a crust; as, crustated basalt .

Crustation <Xpage=352>

Crus*ta"tion (kr?s-t?"sh?n) , n. An adherent crust; an incrustation.

Pepys.

Crusted <Xpage=352>

Crust"ed (kr?st"?d) , a. Incrusted; covered with, or containing, crust; as, old, crusted port wine .

Crustific <Xpage=352>

Crus*tif`ic (kr?s-t?f"?k) , a. [L. crusta crust + -facere to make.] Producing or forming a crust or skin. [R.]

Crustily <Xpage=352>

Crust"i*ly (kr?st"?-l\'b5) , adv. In a crusty or surly manner; morosely.

Crustiness <Xpage=352>

Crust"i*ness (-?-n?s) , n. 1. The state or quality of having crust or being like crust; hardness.

2. The quality of being crusty or surly.

Old Christy forgot his usual crustiness . W. Irving.

Crusty <Xpage=352>

Crust"y (-?) , a. 1. Having the nature of crust; pertaining to a hard covering; as, a crusty coat; a crusty surface or substance.

2. [Possibly a corruption of cursty . Cf. Curst , Curstness .] Having a hard exterior, or a short, rough manner, though kind at heart; snappish; peevish; surly.

Thou crusty batch of nature, what's the news? Shak.

Crut <Xpage=352>

Crut (kr?t) , n. [Cf. F. cro<?/te crust.] The rough, shaggy part of oak bark.

Crutch <Xpage=352>

Crutch (kr?ch; 224) , n. ; pl. Crutches (-<?/z) . [OE. cruche , AS. crycc , cricc ; akin to D. kruk , G. kr<?/cke , Dan. krykke , Sw. krycka , and to E. crook . See Crook , and cf. Cricket a low stool.] 1. A staff with a crosspiece at the head, to be placed under the arm or shoulder, to support the lame or infirm in walking.

I'll lean upon one crutch , and fight with the other. Shak.

Rhyme is a crutch that lifts the weak alone. H. Smith.

2. A form of pommel for a woman's saddle, consisting of a forked rest to hold the leg of the rider.

3. (Naut.) (a) A knee, or piece of knee timber . (b) A forked stanchion or post; a crotch. See Crotch .

Crutch <Xpage=352>

Crutch , v. t. To support on crutches; to prop up. [R.]

Two fools that crutch their feeble sense on verse. Dryden.

Crutched <Xpage=352>

Crutched (kr?cht) , a. 1. Supported upon crutches.

2. [See Crouch , v. t. , and Crouched , a. ] Marked with the sign of the cross; crouched.

Crutched friar (Eccl.) , one of a religious order, so called because its members bore the sign of the cross on their staves and habits; -- called also crossed friar and crouched friar .

Cruth <Xpage=352>

Cruth (kr?th) , n. [W. crwth .] (Mus.) See 4th Crowd .

Crux <Xpage=352>

Crux (kr?ks) , n. ; pl. E. Cruxes (-<?/z) , L. Cruces (kr<?/"s<?/z) . [L., cross, torture, trouble.] Anything that is very puzzling or difficult to explain.

Dr. Sheridan.

The perpetual crux of New Testament chronologists. Strauss.

Cruzado <Xpage=352>

Cru*za"do (kr?-z?"d?) , n. A coin. See Crusado .

Crwth <Xpage=352>

Crwth (kr??th) , n. [W.] (Mus) See 4th Crowd .

Cry <Xpage=352>

Cry (kr?) , v. i. [ imp. & p. p. Cried (kr?d) ; p. pr. & vb. n. Crying .] [F. crier , cf. L. quiritare to raise a plaintive cry, scream, shriek, perh. fr. queri to complain; cf. Skr. cvas to pant, hiss, sigh. Cf. Quarrel a brawl, Querulous .] 1. To make a loud call or cry; to call or exclaim vehemently or earnestly; to shout; to vociferate; to proclaim; to pray; to implore.

And about the ninth hour, Jesus cried with a loud voice. Matt. xxvii. 46.

Clapping their hands, and crying with loud voice. Shak.

Hear the voice of my supplications when I cry unto thee. Ps. xxviii. 2.

The voice of him that crieth in the wilderness, Prepare ye the way of the Lord. Is. xl. 3.

Some cried after him to return. Bunyan.

2. To utter lamentations; to lament audibly; to express pain, grief, or distress, by weeping and sobbing; to shed tears; to bawl, as a child.

Ye shall cry for sorrow of heart. Is. lxv. 14.

I could find it in my heart to disgrace my man's apparel and to cry like a woman. Shak.

3. To utter inarticulate sounds, as animals.

The young ravens which cry . Ps. cxlvii. 9.

In a cowslip's bell I lie There I couch when owls do cry . Shak.

To cry on &or; upon , to call upon the name of; to beseech."No longer on Saint Denis will we cry ." Shak . -- To cry out . (a) To exclaim; to vociferate; to scream; to clamor. (b) To complain loudly; to lament. -- To cry out against , to complain loudly of; to censure; to blame. -- To cry out on &or; upon , to denounce; to censure. " Cries out upon abuses." Shak . -- To cry to , to call on in prayer; to implore. -- To cry you mercy , to beg your pardon. "I cry you mercy , madam; was it you?" Shak .

Cry <Xpage=352>

Cry , v. t. 1. To utter loudly; to call out; to shout; to sound abroad; to declare publicly.

All, all, cry shame against ye, yet I 'll speak. Shak.

The man . . . ran on, crying , Life! life! Eternal life! Bunyan.

2. To cause to do something, or bring to some state, by crying or weeping; as, to cry one's self to sleep .

3. To make oral and public proclamation of; to declare publicly; to notify or advertise by outcry, especially things lost or found, goods to be sold, ets.; as, to cry goods, etc.

Love is lost, and thus she cries him. Crashaw.

4. Hence, to publish the banns of, as for marriage.

I should not be surprised if they were cried in church next Sabbath. Judd.