Chapter 359

So many turning cranks these have, so many crooks. Spenser.

<page="340"> Page 340

3. A twist or turn in speech; a conceit consisting in a change of the form or meaning of a word.

Quips, and cranks , and wanton wiles. Milton.

4. A twist or turn of the mind; caprice; whim; crotchet; also, a fit of temper or passion. [Prov. Eng.]

Violent of temper; subject to sudden cranks . Carlyle.

5. A person full of crotchets; one given to fantastic or impracticable projects; one whose judgment is perverted in respect to a particular matter. [Colloq.]

6. A sick person; an invalid. [Obs.]

Thou art a counterfeit crank , a cheater. Burton.

Crank axle (Mach.) , a driving axle formed with a crank or cranks, as in some kinds of locomotives. -- Crank pin (Mach.) , the cylindrical piece which forms the handle, or to which the connecting rod is attached, at the end of a crank, or between the arms of a double crank. -- Crank shaft , a shaft bent into a crank, or having a crank fastened to it, by which it drives or is driven. -- Crank wheel , a wheel acting as a crank, or having a wrist to which a connecting rod is attached.

Crank <Xpage=340>

Crank (kr?nk) , a. [AS. cranc weak; akin to Icel. krangr , D. & G. krank sick, weak (cf.D. krengen to careen). Cf. Crank , n. ] 1. Sick; infirm. [Prov. Eng.]

2. (Naut.) Liable to careen or be overest, as a ship when she is too narrow, or has not sufficient ballast, or is loaded too high, to carry full sail.

3. Full of spirit; brisk; lively; sprightly; overconfident; opinionated.

He who was, a little before, bedrid, . . . was now crank and lusty. Udall.

If you strong electioners did not think you were among the elect, you would not be so crank about it. Mrs. Stowe.

Crank <Xpage=340>

Crank , v. i. [See Crank , n. ] To run with a winding course; to double; to crook; to wind and turn.

See how this river comes me cranking in. Shak.

Crankbird <Xpage=340>

Crank"bird` (-b?rd`) , n. (Zo\'94l.) A small European woodpecker ( Picus minor ).

Cranked <Xpage=340>

Cranked (kr?nkt) , a. Formed with, or having, a bend or crank; as, a cranked axle .

Crankiness <Xpage=340>

Crank"i*ness (kr?nk"?-n?s) , n. Crankness.

Lowell.

Crankle <Xpage=340>

Cran"kle (kr?n"k'l) , v. t. [Cf. Crinkle .] To break into bends, turns, or angles; to crinkle.

Old Veg's stream . . . drew her humid train aslope, Crankling her banks. J. Philips.

Crankle <Xpage=340>

Cran"kle , v. i. To bend, turn, or wind.

Along the crankling path. Drayton.

Crankle <Xpage=340>

Cran"kle , n. A bend or turn; a twist; a crinkle.

Crankness <Xpage=340>

Crank"ness (kr?nk"n?s) , n. 1. (Naut.) Liability to be overset; -- said of a ship or other vessel.

2. Sprightliness; vigor; health.

Cranky <Xpage=340>

Crank"y (-?) , a. 1. Full of spirit; crank.

2. Addicted to crotchets and whims; unreasonable in opinions; crotchety. [Colloq.]

3. Unsteady; easy to upset; crank.

Crannied <Xpage=340>

Cran"nied (kr?n"n?d) , a. Having crannies, chinks, or fissures; as, a crannied wall .

Tennyson.

Crannog krnng, Crannoge <Xpage=340>

Cran"nog (kr?n"n?g) , Cran"noge (kr?n"n?j) , n. [From Celtic; cf. Gael. crann a tree.] One of the stockaded islands in Scotland and Ireland which in ancient times were numerous in the lakes of both countries. They may be regarded as the very latest class of prehistoric strongholds, reaching their greatest development in early historic times, and surviving through the Middle Ages. See also Lake dwellings , under Lake .

Encyc. Brit.

Cranny <Xpage=340>

Cran"ny (kr?n"n?) , n. ; pl. Crannies (-n<?/z) . [F. cran notch, prob. from L. crena (a doubful word).] 1. A small, narrow opening, fissure, crevice, or chink, as in a wall, or other substance.

In a firm building, the cavities ought not to be filled with rubbish, but with brick or stone fitted to the crannies . Dryden.

He peeped into every cranny . Arbuthnot.

2. (Glass Making) A tool for forming the necks of bottles, etc.

Cranny <Xpage=340>

Cran"ny , v. i. [ imp & p. p. Crannied (-n?d) ; p. pr. & vb. n. Crannying .] 1. To crack into, or become full of, crannies. [R.]

The ground did cranny everywhere. Golding.

2. To haunt, or enter by, crannies.

All tenantless, save to the cranning wind. Byron.

Cranny <Xpage=340>

Cran"ny , a. [Perh. for cranky . See Crank , a. ] Quick; giddy; thoughtless. [Prov. Eng.]

Halliwell.

Crantara <Xpage=340>

Cran*ta"ra (kr?n-t?"r? &or; -t?"r?) , n. [Gael. cranntara .] The fiery cross, used as a rallying signal in the Highlands of Scotland.

Crants <Xpage=340>

Crants (kr?nts) , n. [Cf. D. krans , G. kranz .] A garland carried before the bier of a maiden. [Obs.]

Yet here she is allowed her virgin crants , Her maaiden strewments. Shak.

Crapaudine <Xpage=340>

Crap"au*dine (kr?p"?-d?n) , a. [F., n. ] (Arch.) Turning on pivots at the top and bottom; -- said of a door.

Crapaudine <Xpage=340>

Crap"au*dine , n. [F.] (Far.) An ulcer on the coronet of a horse.

Bailey.

Crape <Xpage=340>

Crape (kr?p) , n. [F. cr<?/pe , fr. L. crispus curled, crisped. See Crisp .] A thin, crimped stuff, made of raw silk gummed and twisted on the mill. Black crape is much used for mourning garments, also for the dress of some clergymen.

A saint in crape is twice a saint in lawn. Pope.

Crape myrtle (Bot.) , a very ornamental shrub ( Lagerstr\'94mia Indica ) from the East Indies, often planted in the Southern United States. Its foliage is like that of the myrtle, and the flower has wavy crisped petals. -- Oriental crape . See Canton crape .

Crape <Xpage=340>

Crape , v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Craped (kr?pt) ; p. pr. & vb.n. Craping .] [F. cr<?/per , fr. L. crispare to curl, crisp, fr. crispus . See Crape , n. ] To form into ringlets; to curl; to crimp; to friz; as, to crape the hair; to crape silk.

The hour for curling and craping the hair. Mad. D'Arblay.

Crapefish <Xpage=340>

Crape"fish` (kr?p"f?sh`) , n. Salted codfish hardened by pressure.

Kane.

Crapnel <Xpage=340>

Crap"nel (kr?p"n e l) , n. A hook or drag; a grapnel.

Crappie <Xpage=340>

Crap"pie (kr?p"p?) , n. (Zo\'94l.) A kind of fresh-water bass of the genus Pomoxys , found in the rivers of the Southern United States and Mississippi valley. There are several species. [Written also croppie .]

Crapple <Xpage=340>

Crap"ple (kr?p"p'l) , n. [See Graple .] A claw. [Obs.]

Craps <Xpage=340>

Craps (kr?ps) , n. A gambling game with dice. [Local, U.S.]

Crapula krp-l, Crapule <Xpage=340>

Crap"u*la (kr?p"?-l?) , Crap"ule (kr?p"?l) , n. [L. crapula intoxication.] Same as Crapulence .

Crapulence <Xpage=340>

Crap"u*lence (-?-l e ns) , n. The sickness occasioned by intemperance; surfeit.

Bailey.

Crapulent -l e nt, Crapulous <Xpage=340>

Crap"u*lent (-l e nt) , Crap"u*lous (-l?s) , a. [L. crapulentus , crapulosus : cf. F. crapuleux .] Surcharged with liquor; sick from excessive indulgence in liquor; drunk; given to excesses. [R.]

Crapy <Xpage=340>

Crap"y (kr?p"?) , a. Resembling crape.

Crare <Xpage=340>

Crare (kr?r) , n. [OF. craier , creer , croyer , ship of war, LL. craiera , creyera , perh. from G. krieger warrior, or D. krijger .] A slow unwieldy trading vessel. [Obs.] [Written also crayer , cray , and craie .]

Shak.

Crase <Xpage=340>

Crase (kr?z) , v. t. [See Craze .] To break in pieces; to crack. [Obs.] "The pot was crased ."

Chaucer.

Crash <Xpage=340>

Crash (kr<?/sh>) , v. t. [ imp & p. p. Crashed (kr<?/sht) ; p. pr & vb. n. Crashing .] [OE. crashen , the same word as crasen to break, E. craze . See Craze .] To break in pieces violently; to dash together with noise and violence. [R.]

He shakt his head, and crasht his teeth for ire. Fairfax.

Crash <Xpage=340>

Crash , v. i. 1. To make a loud, clattering sound, as of many things falling and breaking at once; to break in pieces with a harsh noise.

Roofs were blazing and walls crashing in every part of the city. Macualay.

2. To break with violence and noise; as, the chimney in falling crashed through the roof .

Crash <Xpage=340>

Crash , n. 1. A loud, sudden, confused sound, as of manu things falling and breaking at once.

The wreck of matter and the crash of worlds. Addison.

2. Ruin; failure; sudden breaking down, as of a business house or a commercial enterprise.

Crash <Xpage=340>

Crash , n. [L. crassus coarse. See Crass .] Coarse, heavy, narrow linen cloth, used esp. for towels.

Crashing <Xpage=340>

Crash"ing , n. The noise of many things falling and breaking at once.

There shall be . . . a great crashing from the hills. Zeph. i. 10.

Crasis <Xpage=340>

Cra"sis (kr?"s?s) , n. [LL., temperament, fr. Gr. <?/<?/<?/<?/, fr. <?/<?/<?/<?/ to mix.] 1. (Med.) A mixture of constituents, as of the blood; constitution; temperament.

2. (Gram.) A contraction of two vowels (as the final and initial vowels of united words) into one long vowel, or into a dipthong; syn\'91resis; as, cogo for coago .

Craspedota <Xpage=340>

Cras`pe*do"ta (kr?s`p?-d?"t?) , n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. <?/<?/<?/<?/ to be bordered or edged.] (Zo\'94l.) The hydroid or naked-eyed medus\'91. See Hydroidea .

Craspedote <Xpage=340>

Cras"pe*dote (kr?s"p?-d?t) , a. (Zo\'94l.) Of or pertaining to the Craspedota.

Crass <Xpage=340>

Crass (kr?s) , a. [L. crassus thick, fat, gross, prob. orig., closely woven See Crease animal fat, and cf. Crate , Hurdle .] Cross; thick; dense; coarse; not elaborated or refined. " Crass and fumid exhalations." Sir . T . Browne . " Crass ignorance" Cudworth .

Crassament krss-m e nt, Crassamentum <Xpage=340>

Cras"sa*ment (kr?s"s?-m e nt) , Cras`sa*men"tum (-m?n"t?m) , n. [L. crassamentum , fr. crassare to make thick. See Crass , a. ] A semisolid mass or clot, especially that formed in coagulation of the blood.

Crassiment <Xpage=340>

Cras"si*ment (kr?s"s?-m e nt) , n. See Crassament .

Crassitude <Xpage=340>

Cras"si*tude (-t?d) , n. [L. crassitudo .] Crossness; coarseness; thickness; density.

Bacon.

Crassness <Xpage=340>

Crass"ness (kr?s"n?s) , n. Grossness. [Obs.]

Glanvill.

Crastination <Xpage=340>

Cras`ti*na"tion (kr?s`t?-n?"sh?n) , n. [L. crastinus of to-morrow, from cras to-morrow.] Procrastination; a putting off till to-morrow. [Obs.]

Crat\'91gus <Xpage=340>

Cra*t\'91"gus (kr?-t?"g?s) , n. [NL., fr. Gr. <?/<?/<?/<?/.] (Bot.) A genus of small, hardy trees, including the hawthorn, much used for ornamental purposes.

Cratch <Xpage=340>

Cratch (kr?ch; 224) , n. [OE. crache , creche , F. cr<?/che crib, manger, fr. OHG. krippa , krippea ,G. krippe crib. See Crib .] A manger or open frame for hay; a crib; a rack. [Obs.]

Begin from first where He encradled was, In simple cratch , wrapt in a wad of hay. Spenser.

Cratch cradle , a representation of the figure of the cratch, made upon the fingers with a string; cat's cradle; -- called also scratch cradle .

Crate <Xpage=340>

Crate (kr?t) , n. [L. cratis hurdle; perh. akin to E. cradle . See Hurdle , and cf. Crate a framework.] 1. A large basket or hamper of wickerwork, used for the transportation of china, crockery, and similar wares.

2. A box or case whose sides are of wooden slats with interspaces, -- used especially for transporting fruit.

Crate <Xpage=340>

Crate , v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Crated ; p. pr. & vb. n. Crating .] To pack in a crate or case for transportation; as, to crate a sewing machine; to crate peaches.

Crater <Xpage=340>

Cra"ter (kr?t?r) , n. [L. crater , cratera , a mixing vessel, the mouth of a volcano, Gr. <?/<?/<?/, fr. <?/<?/<?/ to mix; cf. Skr. <?/<?/ to mix, <?/ ir to cook, <?/r<?/ to cook. Cf. Crail , in Holy Grail .] 1. The basinlike opening or mouth of a volcano, through which the chief eruption comes; similarly, the mouth of a gevser, about which a cone of silica is often built up.

2. (Mil.) The pit left by the explosion of a mine.

3. (Astron.) A constellation of the southen hemisphere; -- called also the Cup .

Crateriform <Xpage=340>

Cra*ter"i*form (kr?-t?r"?-f?rm) , a. [L. cratera + -form .] (Bot.) Having the form of a shallow bowl; -- said of a corolla.

CRaterous <Xpage=340>

CRa"ter*ous (kr?"t?r-?s) , a. Pertaining to, or resembling, a crater. [R.]

R. Browning.

Craunch <Xpage=340>

Craunch (kr?nch) , v. t. & i. [ imp. & p. p. Craunched (kr?ncht) ; p. pr. & vb. n. Craunching .] [See Crunch .] To crush with the teeth; to chew with violence and noise; to crunch.

Swift.

Cravat <Xpage=340>

Cra*vat" (kr?-v?t") , n. [F. cravate , fr. Cravate a Croat, an inhabitant of Croatia, one of a body of Austrian troops, from whom, in 1636, this article of dress was adopted in France.] A neckcloth; a piece of silk, fine muslin, or other cloth, worn by men about the neck.

While his wig was combed and his cravat tied. Macualay.

Cravatted <Xpage=340>

Cra*vat`ted (kr?-v?t"t?d) , a. Wearing a cravat.

The young men faultlessly appointed, handsomely cravatted . Thackeray.

Crave <Xpage=340>

Crave (kr?v) , v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Craved (kr<?/vd) ; p pr. & vb. n. Craving .] [AS. crafian ; akin to Icel. krefia , Sw. kr<?/fva , Dan. kr<?/ve .] 1. To ask with earnestness or importunity; to ask with submission or humility; to beg; to entreat; to beseech; to implore.

I crave your honor's pardon. Shak.

Joseph . . . went in boldly unto Pilate, and craved the body of Jesus. Mark xv. 43.

2. To call for, as a gratification; to long for; hence, to require or demand; as, the stomach craves food .

His path is one that eminently craves weary walking. Edmund Gurney.

Syn. -- To ask; seek; beg; beseech; implore; entreat; solicit; request; supplicate; adjure.

Crave <Xpage=340>

Crave , v. i. To desire strongly; to feel an insatiable longing; as, a craving appetite .

Once one may crave for love. Suckling.

Craven <Xpage=340>

Cra"ven (kr?"v'n) , a. [OE. cravant , cravaunde , OF. cravant<?/ struck down, p. p. of cravanter , crevanter , to break, crush, strike down, fr. an assumed LL. crepantare , fr. L. crepans , p. pr. of crepare to break, crack, rattle. Cf. Crevice , Crepitate .] Cowardly; fainthearted; spiritless. "His craven heart."

Shak.

The poor craven bridegroom said never a word. Sir. W. Scott.

In craven fear of the sarcasm of Dorset. Macualay.

Craven <Xpage=340>

Cra"ven , n. [Formerly written also cravant and cravent .] A recreant; a coward; a weak-hearted, spiritless fellow. See Recreant , n.

King Henry . Is it fit this soldier keep his oath? Fluellen .He is a craven and a villain else. Shak.

Syn. -- Coward; poltroon; dastard.

Craven <Xpage=340>

Cra"ven , v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Cravened (-v'nd) ; p. pr. & vb. n. Cravening .] To make recreant, weak, spiritless, or cowardly. [Obs.]

There is a prohibition so divine, That cravens my weak hand. Shak.

Craver <Xpage=340>

Crav"er (kr?v"?r) , n. One who craves or begs.

Craving <Xpage=340>

Crav"ing (-?ng) , n. Vehement or urgent desire; longing for; beseeching.

A succession of cravings and satiety. L'Estrange.

-- Crav"ing*ly , adv. -- Crav"ing*ness , n.

Craw <Xpage=340>

Craw (kr?) , n. [Akin to D. kraag neck, collar, G. kragen , Sw. kr<?/fva craw, Dan. kro , and possibly to Gr.<?/<?/<?/<?/ (E. bronchus ), or <?/<?/<?/ throat. <?/25. Cf. Crag neck.] (Zo\'94l.) (a) The crop of a bird. (b) The stomach of an animal.

Crawfish krfsh, Crayfish <Xpage=340>

Craw"fish` (kr?"f?sh`) , Cray"fish` (kr?"f?sh`) , n. ; pl. -fishes or -fish . [Corrupted fr. OE. crevis , creves , OF. crevice , F. <?/crevisse , fr. OHG. krebiz crab, G. krebs . See Crab . The ending -fish arose from confusion with E. fish .] (Zo\'94l.) Any crustacean of the family Astacid\'91 , resembling the lobster, but smaller, and found in fresh waters. Crawfishes are esteemed very delicate food both in Europe and America. The North American species are numerous and mostly belong to the genus Cambarus . The blind crawfish of the Mamoth Cave is Cambarus pellucidus . The common European species is Astacus fluviatilis .

Crawford <Xpage=340>