Chapter 340

&hand; they belong to the Jacobite sect of Monophysite Christians, and for eleven centuries have had possession of the patriarchal chair of Alexandria.

Copula <Xpage=319>

Cop"u*la (?) , n. [L., bond, band. See Couple .] 1. (Logic & Gram.) The word which unites the subject and predicate.

2. (Mus.) The stop which connects the manuals, or the manuals with the pedals; -- called also coupler .

Copulate <Xpage=319>

Cop"u*late (?) , a. [L. copulatus , p.p. of copulare to couple, fr. copula . See Copula .] 1. Joined; associated; coupled. [Obs.]

Bacon.

2. (Gram.) Joining subject and predicate; copulative.

F. A. March.

Copulate <Xpage=319>

Cop"u*late (?) , v. i. [ imp. & p.p. Copulated ; p.pr. & vb.n. Copulating .] To unite in sexual intercourse; to come together in the act of generation.

Copulation <Xpage=319>

Cop`u*la"tion (?) , n. [L. copulatio : cf. F. copulation .] 1. The act of coupling or joining; union; conjunction.

Wit, you know, is the unexpected copulation of ideas. Johnson.

2. The coming together of male and female in the act of generation; sexual union; coition.

Copulative <Xpage=319>

Cop"u*la"tive (?) , a. [L. copulativus : cf. F. copulatif .] Serving to couple, unite, or connect; as, a copulative conjunction like "and" .

Copulative <Xpage=319>

Cop"u*la*tive , n. 1. Connection. [Obs.]

Rycaut.

2. (Gram.) A copulative conjunction.

Copulatively <Xpage=319>

Cop"u*la"tive*ly , adv. In a copulative manner.

Coplatry <Xpage=319>

Cop"*la*try (?) , a. 1. Pertaining to copulation; tending or serving to unite; copulative.

2. (Zo\'94l.) Used in sexual union; as, the copulatory organs of insects .

Copy <Xpage=319>

Cop"y (?) , n. ; pl. Copies (#) . [F. copie , fr. L. copia abundance, number, LL. also, a transcript; co- + the root of opes riches. See Opulent , and cf. Copious .] 1. An abundance or plenty of anything. [Obs.]

She was blessed with no more copy of wit, but to serve his humor thus. B. Jonson.

2. An imitation, transcript, or reproduction of an original work; as, a copy of a letter, an engraving, a painting, or a statue .

I have not the vanity to think my copy equal to the original. Denham.

3. An individual book, or a single set of books containing the works of an author; as, a copy of the Bible; a copy of the works of Addison.

4. That which is to be imitated, transcribed, or reproduced; a pattern, model, or example; as, his virtues are an excellent copy for imitation .

Let him first learn to write, after a copy , all the letters. Holder.

5. (print.) Manuscript or printed matter to be set up in type; as, the printers are calling for more copy .

6. A writing paper <?/f a particular size. Same as Bastard . See under Paper .

7. Copyhold; tenure; lease. [Obs.]

Shak.

Copy book , a book in which copies are written or printed for learners to imitate. -- Examined copies (Law) , those which have been compared with the originals. -- Exemplified copies , those which are attested under seal of a court. -- Certified &or; Office copies , those which are made or attested by officers having charge of the originals, and authorized to give copies officially.

Abbot.

Syn. -- Imitation; transcript; duplicate; counterfeit.

Copy <Xpage=319>

Cop"y (?) , v. t. [ imp. & p.p. Copied (?) ; p.pr. & vb.n. Copying .] [Cf. F. copir , fr. LL. copiare . See Copy , n. ] 1. To make a copy or copies of; to write; print, engrave, or paint after an original; to duplicate; to reproduce; to transcribe; as, to copy a manuscript, inscription, design, painting, etc. ; -- often with out , sometimes with off .

I like the work well; ere it be demanded (As like enough it will), I'd have it copied . Shak.

Let this be copied out, And keep it safe for our remembrance. Shak.

2. To imitate; to attempt to resemble, as in manners or course of life.

We copy instinctively the voices of our companions, their accents, and their modes of pronunciation. Stewart.

Copy <Xpage=319>

Cop"y , v. i. 1. To make a copy or copies; to imitate.

2. To yield a duplicate or transcript; as, the letter did not copy well .

Some . . . never fail, when they copy , to follow the bad as well as the good things. Dryden.

Copyer <Xpage=319>

Cop"y*er (?) , n. See Copier .

Copygraph <Xpage=319>

Cop"y*graph (?) , n. A contrivance for producing manifold copies of a writing or drawing.

&hand; The writing or drawing is made with aniline ink on paper, and a reverse copy transferred by pressure to a slab of gelatin softened with glycerin. A large number of transcripts can be taken while the ink is fresh.

Various names have been given to the process [the gelatin copying process], some of them acceptable and others absurd; hectograph, polygraph, copygraph , lithogram, etc. Knight.

Copyhold <Xpage=319>

Cop"y*hold` (?) , n. (Eng. Law) (a) A tenure of estate by copy of court roll; or a tenure for which the tenant has nothing to show, except the rolls made by the steward of the lord's court. Blackstone. (b) Land held in copyhold. Milton.

&hand; Copyholds do not exist in the United States.

Copyholder <Xpage=319>

Cop"y*hold`er (?) , n. 1. (Eng. Law) One possessed of land in copyhold.

2. (print.) (a) A device for holding copy for a compositor. (b) One who reads copy to a proof reader.

Copying <Xpage=319>

Cop"y*ing , a. & n. From Copy , v.

Copying ink . See under Ink . -- Copying paper , thin unsized paper used for taking copies of letters, etc., in a copying press. -- Copying press , a machine for taking by pressure, an exact copy of letters, etc., written in copying ink.

Copyist <Xpage=319>

Cop"y*ist , n. A copier; a transcriber; an imitator; a plagiarist.

Copyright <Xpage=319>

Cop"y*right (?) , n. The right of an author or his assignee, under statute, to print and publish his literary or artistic work, exclusively of all other persons. This right may be had in maps, charts, engravings, plays, and musical compositions, as well as in books.

&hand; In the United States a copyright runs for the term of twenty-eight years, with right of renewal for fourteen years on certain conditions. <-- now life plus 50 years, or 75 years for works created for hire. Further extension is (1996) being discussed. -->

International copyright , an author's right in his productions as secured by treaty between nations.

Copyright <Xpage=319>

Cop"y*right` , v. t. To secure a copyright on.

Coquelicot <Xpage=319>

Coque"li*cot` (?) , n. [F.] 1. (Bot.) The wild poppy, or red corn rose.

2. The color of the wild poppy; a color nearly red, like orange mixed with scarlet.

Coquet <Xpage=319>

Co*quet" (?) , v. t. [ imp. & p.p. Coquetted ; p.pr. & vb.n. Coquetting .] To attempt to attract the notice, admiration, or love of; to treat with a show of tenderness or regard, with a view to deceive and disappoint.

You are coquetting a maid of honor. Swift.

Coquet <Xpage=319>

Co*quet" , v. i. To trifle in love; to stimulate affection or interest; to play the coquette; to deal playfully instead of seriously; to play (with); as, we have coquetted with political crime .

Coquetry <Xpage=319>

Co*quet"ry (?) , n. ; pl. Coquetries (#) . [F. coquetterie .] Attempts to attract admoration, notice, or love, for the mere gratification of vanity; trifling in love. "Little affectations of coquetry ."

Addison.

Coquette <Xpage=319>

Co*quette" (?) , n. [F., fr. coquet , coquette , coquettish, orig., cocklike, strutting like a cock, fr. coq a cock. Cf. Cock , Cocket , Cocky , Cockade .] 1. A vain, trifling woman, who endeavors to attract admiration from a desire to grafity vanity; a flirt; -- formerly sometimes applied also to men.

2. (Zo\'94l.) A tropical humming bird of the genus Lophornis , with very elegant neck plumes. Several species are known. See Illustration under Spangle , v. t. /def>

Coquettish <Xpage=319>

Co*quet"tish (?) , a. Practicing or exhibiting coquetry; alluring; enticing.

A pretty, coquettish housemaid. W. Irving.

Coquettishly <Xpage=319>

Co*quet"tish*ly , adv. In a coquettish manner.

Coquilla nut <Xpage=319>

Co*quil"la nut (?) . [Pg. coquilho , Sp. coquillo , dim. of coco a cocoanut.] (Bot.) The fruit of a Brazilian tree ( Attalea funifera of Martius.).

&hand; Its shell is hazel-brown in color, very hard and close in texture, and much used by turners in forming ornamental articles, such as knobs for umbrella handles.

Coquimbite <Xpage=319>

Co*quim"bite (?) , n. A mineral consisting principally of sulphate of iron; white copperas; -- so called because found in the province of Coquimbo , Chili.

Coquina <Xpage=319>

Co*qui"na (?) , n. [Sp., shellfish, cockle.] A soft, whitish, coral-like stone, formed of broken shells and corals, found in the southern United States, and used for roadbeds and for building material, as in the fort at St. Augustine, Florida.

Cor- <Xpage=319>

Cor- (?) . A prefix signifying with , together , etc. See Com- .

Cor <Xpage=319>

Cor (?) , n. [Heb. k<?/r .] A Hebrew measure of capacity; a homer. [Written also core .]

Cora <Xpage=319>

Co"ra (?) , n. (Zo\'94l.) The Arabian gazelle ( Gazella Arabica ), found from persia to North Africa.

Coracle <Xpage=319>

Cor"a*cle (?) , n. [W. corwgl , cwrwgl , fr. corwg , cwrwg , any round body or vessel, the trunk of the body, carcass.] A boat made by covering a wicker frame with leather or oilcloth. It was used by the ancient Britons, and is still used by fisherman in Wales and some parts of Ireland. Also, a similar boat used in Thibet and in Egypt.

Coracoid <Xpage=319>

Cor"a*coid (?) , a. [Gr. <?/; ko`rax crow + e'i^dos form.] 1. Shaped like a crow's beak.

2. (Anat.) Pertaining to a bone of the shoulder girdle in most birds, reptiles, and amphibians, which is reduced to a process of the scapula in most mammals.

Coracoid <Xpage=319>

Cor"a*coid , n. The coracoid bone or process.

Corage <Xpage=319>

Cor"age (?; OF. <?/) , n. See Courage [Obs.]

To Canterbury with full devout corage . Chaucer.

Coral <Xpage=319>

Cor"al (?) , n. [Of. coral , F, corail , L. corallum , coralium , fr. Gr. kora`llion .] 1. (Zo\'94l.) The hard parts or skeleton of various Anthozoa, and of a few Hydrozoa. Similar structures are also formed by some Bryozoa.

&hand; The large stony corals forming coral reefs belong to various genera of Madreporaria , and to the hydroid genus, Millepora . The red coral, used in jewelry, is the stony axis of the stem of a gorgonian ( Corallium rubrum ) found chiefly in the Mediterranean. The fan corals , plume corals , and sea feathers are species of Gorgoniacea , in which the axis is horny. Organ-pipe coral is formed by the genus Tubipora , an Alcyonarian, and black coral is in part the axis of species of the genus Antipathes . See Anthozoa , Madrepora .

2. The ovaries of a cooked lobster; -- so called from their color.

3. A piece of coral, usually fitted with small bells and other appurtenances, used by children as a plaything.

Brain coral , &or; Brain stone coral . See under Brain . -- Chain coral . See under Chain . -- Coral animal (Zo\'94l.) , one of the polyps by which corals are formed. They are often very erroneously called coral insects . -- Coral fish . See in the Vocabulary. -- Coral reefs (Phys. Geog.) , reefs, often of great extent, made up chiefly of fragments of corals, coral sands, and the solid limestone resulting from their consolidation. They are classed as fringing reefs , when they border the land; barrier reefs , when separated from the shore by a broad belt of water; atolls , when they constitute separate islands, usually inclosing a lagoon. See Atoll . -- Coral root (Bot.) , a genus ( Corallorhiza ) of orchideous plants, of a yellowish or brownish red color, parasitic on roots of other plants, and having curious jointed or knotted roots not unlike some kinds of coral. See Illust . under Coralloid . -- Coral snake . (Zo) (a) A small, venomous, Brazilian snake (Elaps corallinus) , coral-red, with black bands. (b) A small, harmless, South American snake ( Tortrix scytale ). -- Coral tree (Bot.) , a tropical, leguminous plant, of several species, with showy, scarlet blossoms and coral-red seeds. The best known is Erythrina Corallodendron . -- Coral wood , a hard, red cabinet wood. McElrath.

Coraled <Xpage=319>

Cor"aled (?) , a. Having coral; covered with coral.

Coral fish <Xpage=319>

Cor"al fish` (?) . (Zo\'94l.) Any bright-colored fish of the genera Ch\'91todon , Pomacentrus , Apogon , and related genera, which live among reef corals.

Corallaceous <Xpage=319>

Cor`al*la"ceous (?) , a. Like coral, or partaking of its qualities.

Corallian <Xpage=319>

Co*ral"li*an (?) , n. (Geol.) A deposit of coralliferous limestone forming a portion of the middle division of the o\'94lite; -- called also coral-rag.

Coralliferous <Xpage=319>

Cor`al*lif"er*ous (?) , a. [L. corallum coral + -ferous .] Containing or producing coral.

Coralliform <Xpage=319>

Cor"al*li*form (?) , a. [L. corallum coral + -form .] resembling coral in form.

Coralligena <Xpage=319>

Cor`al*lig"e*na (?) , n. ; pl. [NL., fr. L. corallum coral + root of gignere to produce.] (Zo\'94l.) Same as Anthozoa .

Coralligenous <Xpage=319>

Cor`al*lig"e*nous (?) , a. producing coral; coraligerous; coralliferous.

Humble.

Coralligerous <Xpage=319>

Cor`al*lig"er*ous (?) , a [L. corallum coral + -gerous .] Producing coral; coraliferous.

Corallin <Xpage=319>

Cor"al*lin (?) , n. [So named in allusion to the color of red corallin, fr. L. corallum coral.] (Chem.) A yellow coal-tar dyestuff which probably consists chiefly of rosolic acid. See Aurin , and Rosolic acid under Rosolic .

Red corallin , a red dyestuff which is obtained by treating aurin or rosolic acid with ammonia; -- called also p\'91onin . -- Yellow corallin . See Aurin .

Coralline <Xpage=319>

Cor"al*line (? &or; ?) , a. [Cf. L. corallinus coralred.] Composed of corallines; as, coralline limestone .

Coralline <Xpage=319>

Cor"al*line , n. [Cf. F. coralline .] 1. (Bot.) A submarine, semicalcareous or calcareous plant, consisting of many jointed branches.

2. (Zo\'94l.) Formerly any slender coral-like animal; -- sometimes applied more particulary to bryozoan corals.

Corallinite <Xpage=319>

Cor"al*lin*ite (?) , n. (Paleon.) A fossil coralline.

Corallite <Xpage=319>

Cor"al*lite (?) , n. [L. corallum coral.] 1. (Min.) A mineral substance or petrifaction, in the form of coral.

2. (Zo\'94l.) One of the individual members of a compound coral; or that part formed by a single coral animal. [Written also corallet .]

Coralloid <Xpage=319>

Cor"al*loid (?) , a. [L. corallum coral + -oid : cf. F. corallo\'8bde .] Having the form of coral; branching like coral.

Coralloidal <Xpage=319>

Cor`al*loid"al (?) , a. resembling coral; coralloid.

Sir T. browne.

Corallum <Xpage=319>

Co*ral"lum (?) , n. [L.] (Zo\'94l.) The coral or skeleton of a zo\'94phyte, whether calcareous of horny, simple or compound. See Coral .

Coral-rag <Xpage=319>

Cor"al-rag` (?) , n. (geol.) Same as Corallian .

Coralwort <Xpage=319>

Cor"al*wort` (?) , n. (Bot.) A cruciferous herb of certain species of Dentaria ; -- called also toothwort , tooth violet , or pepper root .

Coranach <Xpage=319>

Cor"a*nach (?) , n. [Gael. coranach , or corranach , a crying, the Irish funeral cry (the keen ), a dirge; comh with + ranaich a roaring, ran to roar, shriek.] A lamentation for the dead; a dirge. [Written also coranich , corrinoch , coronach , cronach , etc.] [Scot.]

Corant, Coranto <Xpage=319>

Co*rant (?) , Co*ran"to (?) , n. [See Courant .] A sprightly but somewhat stately dance, now out of fashion.

It is harder to dance a corant well, than a jig. Sir W. temple.

Dancing a coranto with him upon the heath. Macaulay.

Corb <Xpage=319>

Corb (?) , n. [ L. corbis basket. Cf. Corbeil , Corp .] 1. A basket used in coal mines, etc. see Corf .

2. (Arch.) An ornament in a building; a corbel.

Corban <Xpage=319>

Cor"ban (?) , n. [Heb. qorb\'ben , akin to Ar. qurb\'ben.] 1. (Jewish Antiq.) An offering of any kind, devoted to God and therefore not be appropriated to any other use; esp., an offering in fulfillment of a vow.

&hand; In the old Testament the hebrew word is usually translated "oblation" as in Numb. xviii. 9, xxxi. 50.

&hand; The traditionists laid down that a man might interdict himself by vow, not only from using for himself, but from giving to another, or receiving from him, some particular object, whether of food or any other kind. A person might thus exempt himself from assisting parents in distress, under plea of corban . Dr. W. Smith.

2. An alms basket; a vessel to receive gifts of charity; a treasury of the church, where offerings are deposited.

Corbe <Xpage=319>