Chapter 34

Af*fec"tion (#) , n. [F. affection , L. affectio , fr. afficere . See Affect .] 1. The act of affecting or acting upon; the state of being affected.

2. An attribute; a quality or property; a condition; a bodily state; as, figure, weight, etc. , are affections of bodies. "The affections of quantity."

Boyle.

And, truly, waking dreams were, more or less, An old and strange affection of the house. Tennyson.

3. Bent of mind; a feeling or natural impulse or natural impulse acting upon and swaying the mind; any emotion; as, the benevolent affections , esteem, gratitude, etc. ; the malevolent affections , hatred, envy, etc.; inclination; disposition; propensity; tendency.

Affection is applicable to an unpleasant as well as a pleasant state of the mind, when impressed by any object or quality. Cogan.

4. A settled good will; kind feeling; love; zealous or tender attachment; -- often in the pl. Formerly followed by to , but now more generally by for or towards ; as, filial, social, or conjugal affections ; to have an affection for or towards children.

All his affections are set on his own country. Macaulay.

5. Prejudice; bias. [Obs.]

Bp. Aylmer.

6. (Med.) Disease; morbid symptom; malady; as, a pulmonary affection .

Dunglison.

7. The lively representation of any emotion.

Wotton.

8. Affectation. [Obs.] "Spruce affection."

Shak.

9. Passion; violent emotion. [Obs.]

Most wretched man, That to affections does the bridle lend. Spenser.

Syn. -- Attachment; passion; tenderness; fondness; kindness; love; good will. See Attachment ; Disease .

Affectional <Xpage=28>

Af*fec"tion*al (#) , a. Of or pertaining to the affections; as, affectional impulses; an affectional nature.

Affectionate <Xpage=28>

Af*fec"tion*ate (#) , a. [Cf. F. affectionn\'82 .] 1. Having affection or warm regard; loving; fond; as, an affectionate brother .

2. Kindly inclined; zealous. [Obs.]

Johson.

Man, in his love God, and desire to please him, can never be too affectionate . Sprat.

3. Proceeding from affection; indicating love; tender; as, the affectionate care of a parent; affectionate countenance, message, language.

4. Strongly inclined; -- with to . [Obs.]

Bacon.

Syn. -- Tender; attached; loving; devoted; warm; fond; earnest; ardent.

Affectionated <Xpage=28>

Af*fec"tion*a`ted , a. Disposed; inclined. [Obs.]

Affectionated to the people. Holinshed.

Affectionately <Xpage=28>

Af*fec"tion*ate*ly , adv. With affection; lovingly; fondly; tenderly; kindly.

Affectionateness <Xpage=28>

Af*fec"tion*ate*ness , n. The quality of being affectionate; fondness; affection.

Affectioned <Xpage=28>

Af*fec"tioned (#) , a. 1. Disposed. [Archaic]

Be kindly affectioned one to another. Rom. xii. 10.

2. Affected; conceited. [Obs.]

Shak.

Affective <Xpage=28>

Af*fec"tive (#) , a. [Cf. F. affectif .] 1. Tending to affect; affecting. [Obs.]

Burnet.

2. Pertaining to or exciting emotion; affectional; emotional.

Rogers.

Affectively <Xpage=28>

Af*fec"tive*ly , adv. In an affective manner; impressively; emotionally.

Affectuous <Xpage=28>

Af*fec"tu*ous (?; 135) , a. [L. affectuous : cf. F. affectueux . See Affect .] Full of passion or emotion; earnest. [Obs.] -- Af*fec"tu*ous*ly , adv. [Obs.]

Fabyan.

Affeer <Xpage=28>

Af*feer" (#) , v. t. [OF. aforer , afeurer , to tax, appraise, assess, fr. L. ad + forum market, court of justice, in LL. also meaning pri<?/<?/ .] 1. To confirm; to assure. [Obs.] "The title is affeered ."

Shak.

2. (Old Law) To assess or reduce, as an arbitrary penalty or amercement, to a certain and reasonable sum.

Amercements . . . were affeered by the judges. Blackstone.

Affeerer, Affeeror <Xpage=28>

Af*feer"er (#) , Af*feer"or (#) , n. [OF. aforeur , LL. afforator .] (Old Law) One who affeers.

Cowell.

Affeerment <Xpage=28>

Af*feer"ment (#) , n. [Cf. OF. aforement .] (Old Law) The act of affeering.

Blackstone.

Afferent <Xpage=28>

Af"fer*ent (#) , a. [L. afferens , p. pr. of afferre ; ad + ferre to bear.] (Physiol.) Bearing or conducting inwards to a part or organ; -- opposed to efferent ; as, afferent vessels; afferent nerves, which convey sensations from the external organs to the brain.

Affettuoso <Xpage=28>

Af*fet`tu*o"so (#) , adv. [It.] (Mus.) With feeling.

Affiance <Xpage=28>

Af*fi"ance (#) , n. [OE. afiaunce trust, confidence, OF. afiance , fr. afier to trust, fr. LL. affidare to trust; ad + fidare to trust, fr. L. fides faith. See Faith , and cf. Affidavit , Affy , Confidence .] 1. Plighted faith; marriage contract or promise.

2. Trust; reliance; faith; confidence.

Such feelings promptly yielded to his habitual affiance in the divine love. Sir J. Stephen.

Lancelot, my Lancelot, thou in whom I have Most joy and most affiance . Tennyson.

Affiance <Xpage=28>

Af*fi"ance , v. t. [ imp. <?/ p. p. Affianced (#) ; p. pr. <?/ vb. n. Affiancing (#) .] [Cf. OF. afiancier , fr. afiance .] 1. To betroth; to pledge one's faith to for marriage, or solemnly promise (one's self or another) in marriage.

To me, sad maid, he was affianced . Spenser.

2. To assure by promise. [Obs.]

Pope.

Affiancer <Xpage=28>

Af*fi"an*cer (#) , n. One who makes a contract of marriage between two persons.

Affiant <Xpage=28>

Af*fi"ant (#) , n. [From p. pr. of OF. afier , LL. affidare . See Affidavit .] (Law) One who makes an affidavit. [U. S.]

Burrill.

Syn. -- Deponent. See Deponent .

Affidavit <Xpage=28>

Af`fi*da"vit (#) , n. [LL. affidavit he has made oath, perfect tense of affidare . See Affiance , Affy .] (Law) A sworn statement in writing; a declaration in writing, signed and made upon oath before an authorized magistrate.

Bouvier. Burrill.

&hand; It is always made ex parte , and without cross-examination, and in this differs from a deposition . It is also applied to written statements made on affirmation.

Syn. -- Deposition. See Deposition .

Affile <Xpage=28>

Af*file" (#) , v. t. [OF. afiler , F. affiler , to sharpen; a (L. ad ) + fil thread, edge.] To polish. [Obs.]

Affiliable <Xpage=28>

Af*fil"i*a*ble (#) , a. Capable of being affiliated to or on, or connected with in origin.

Affiliate <Xpage=28>

Af*fil"i*ate (#) , v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Affiliated (#) ; p. pr. & vb. n. Affiliating (#) .] [LL. adfiliare , affiliare , to adopt as son; ad + filius son: cf. F. affilier .] 1. To adopt; to receive into a family as a son; hence, to bring or receive into close connection; to ally.

Is the soul affiliated to God, or is it estranged and in rebellion? I. Taylor.

2. To fix the paternity of; -- said of an illegitimate child; as, to affiliate the child to (or on or upon ) one man rather than another .

3. To connect in the way of descent; to trace origin to.

How do these facts tend to affiliate the faculty of hearing upon the aboriginal vegetative processes? H. Spencer.

4. To attach ( to ) or unite ( with ); to receive into a society as a member, and initiate into its mysteries, plans, etc.; -- followed by to or with .

Affiliated societies , societies connected with a central society, or with each other.

Affiliate <Xpage=28>

Af*fil"i*ate , v. i. To connect or associate one's self; -- followed by with ; as, they affiliate with no party .

Affiliation <Xpage=28>

Af*fil`i*a"tion (#) , n. [F. affiliation , LL. affiliatio .] 1. Adoption; association or reception as a member in or of the same family or society.

2. (Law) The establishment or ascertaining of parentage; the assignment of a child, as a bastard, to its father; filiation.

3. Connection in the way of descent.

H. Spencer.

Affinal <Xpage=28>

Af*fi"nal (#) , a. [L. affinis .] Related by marriage; from the same source.

Affine <Xpage=28>

Af*fine" (#) , v. t. [F. affiner to refine; <?/ (L. ad ) + fin fine. See Fine .] To refine. [Obs.]

Holland.

Affined <Xpage=28>

Af*fined" (#) , a. [OF. afin\'82 related, p. p., fr. LL. affinare to join, fr. L. affinis neighboring, related to; ad + finis boundary, limit.] Joined in affinity or by any tie. [Obs.] "All affined and kin."

Shak.

Affinitative <Xpage=28>

Af*fin"i*ta*tive (#) , a. Of the nature of affinity. -- Af*fin"i*ta*tive*ly , adv.

Affinitive <Xpage=28>

Af*fin"i*tive , a. Closely connected, as by affinity.

Affinity <Xpage=28>

Af*fin"i*ty (#) , n. ; pl. Affinities (#) . [OF. afinit\'82 , F. affinit\'82 , L. affinites , fr. affinis . See Affined .]

1. Relationship by marriage (as between a husband and his wife's blood relations, or between a wife and her husband's blood relations); -- in contradistinction to consanguinity , or relationship by blood; -- followed by with , to , or between .

Solomon made affinity with Pharaoh. 1 Kings iii. 1.

2. Kinship generally; close agreement; relation; conformity; resemblance; connection; as, the affinity of sounds, of colors, or of languages .

There is a close affinity between imposture and credulity. Sir G. C. Lewis.

2. Companionship; acquaintance. [Obs.]

About forty years past, I began a happy affinity with William Cranmer. Burton.

4. (Chem.) That attraction which takes place, at an insensible distance, between the heterogeneous particles of bodies, and unites them to form chemical compounds; chemism; chemical or elective affinity or attraction.

5. (Nat. Hist.) A relation between species or highe<?/ groups dependent on resemblance in the whole plan of structure, and indicating community of origin.

6. (Spiritualism) A superior spiritual relationship or attraction held to exist sometimes between persons, esp. persons of the opposite sex; also, the man or woman who exerts such psychical or spiritual attraction.

Affirm <Xpage=28>

Af*firm" (#) , v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Affirmed (#) ; p. pr. & vb. n. Affirming .] [OE. affermen , OF. afermer , F. affirmer , affermir , fr. L. affirmare ; ad + firmare to make firm, firmus firm. See Firm .] 1. To make firm; to confirm, or ratify; esp. (Law) , to assert or confirm, as a judgment, decree, or order, brought before an appelate court for review.

2. To assert positively; to tell with confidence; to aver; to maintain as true; -- opposed to deny .

Jesus, . . . whom Paul affirmed to be alive. Acts xxv. 19.

3. (Law) To declare, as a fact, solemnly, under judicial sanction. See Affirmation , 4 .

Syn. -- To assert; aver; declare; asseverate; assure; pronounce; protest; avouch; confirm; establish; ratify. -- To Affirm , Asseverate , Aver , Protest . We affirm when we declare a thing as a fact or a proposition. We asseverate it in a peculiarly earnest manner, or with increased positiveness as what can not be disputed. We aver it, or formally declare it to be true, when we have positive knowledge of it. We protest in a more public manner and with the energy of perfect sincerity. People asseverate in order to produce a conviction of their veracity; they aver when they are peculiarly desirous to be believed; they protest when they wish to free themselves from imputations, or to produce a conviction of their innocence.

Affirm <Xpage=28>

Af*firm" , v. i. 1. To declare or assert positively.

Not that I so affirm , though so it seem To thee, who hast thy dwelling here on earth. Milton.

2. (Law) To make a solemn declaration, before an authorized magistrate or tribunal, under the penalties of perjury; to testify by affirmation.

Affirmable <Xpage=28>

Af*firm"a*ble (#) , a. Capable of being affirmed, asserted, or declared; -- followed by of ; as, an attribute affirmable of every just man .

Affirmance <Xpage=28>

Af*firm"ance (#) , n. [Cf. OF. afermance .] 1. Confirmation; ratification; confirmation of a voidable act.

This statute . . . in affirmance of the common law. Bacon.

2. A strong declaration; affirmation.

Cowper.

<page="29"> Page 29

Affirmant <Xpage=29>

Af*firm"ant (#) , n. [L. affirmans , -antis , p. pr. See Affirm .] 1. One who affirms or asserts.

2. (Law) One who affirms of taking an oath.

Affirmation <Xpage=29>

Af`fir*ma"tion (#) , n. [L. affirmatio : cf. F. affirmation .] 1. Confirmation of anything established; ratification; as, the affirmation of a law .

Hooker.

2. The act of affirming or asserting as true; assertion; -- opposed to negation or denial .

3. That which is asserted; an assertion; a positive <?/tatement; an averment; as, an affirmation , by the vender, of title to property sold, or of its quality .

4. (Law) A solemn declaration made under the penalties of perjury, by persons who conscientiously decline taking an oath, which declaration is in law equivalent to an oath.

Bouvier.

Affirmative <Xpage=29>

Af*firm"a*tive (#) , a. [L. affirmativus : cf. F. affirmatif .] 1. Confirmative; ratifying; as, an act affirmative of common law .

2. That affirms; asserting that the fact is so; declaratory of what exists; answering "yes" to a question; -- opposed to negative ; as, an affirmative answer; an affirmative vote.

3. Positive; dogmatic. [Obs.]

J. Taylor.

Lysicles was a little by the affirmative air of Crito. Berkeley.

4. (logic) Expressing the agreement of the two terms of a proposition.

5. (Alg.) Positive; -- a term applied to quantities which are to be added, and opposed to negative , or such as are to be subtracted.

Affirmative <Xpage=29>

Af*firm"a*tive , n. 1. That which affirms as opposed to that which denies; an affirmative proposition; that side of question which affirms or maintains the proposition stated; -- opposed to negative ; as, there were forty votes in the affirmative , and ten in the negative .

Whether there are such beings or not, 't is sufficient for my purpose that many have believed the affirmative . Dryden.

2. A word or phrase expressing affirmation or assent; as, yes , that is so , etc.

Affirmatively <Xpage=29>

Af*firm"a*tive*ly , adv. In an affirmative manner; on the affirmative side of a question; in the affirmative; -- opposed to negatively .

Affirmatory <Xpage=29>

Af*firm"a*to*ry (#) , a. Giving affirmation; assertive; affirmative.

Massey.

Affirmer <Xpage=29>

Af*firm"er (#) , n. One who affirms.

Affix <Xpage=29>

Af*fix" (#) , v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Affixed (#) ; p. pr. & vb. n. Affixing .] [LL. affixare , L. affixus , p. p. of affigere to fasten to; ad + figere to fasten: cf. OE. affichen , F. afficher , ultimately fr. L. affigere . See Fix .] 1. To subjoin, annex, or add at the close or end; to append to; to fix to any part of; as, to affix a syllable to a word; to affix a seal to an instrument; to affix one's name to a writing.

2. To fix or fasten in any way; to attach physically.

Should they [caterpillars] affix them to the leaves of a plant improper for their food. Ray.

3. To attach, unite, or connect with; as, names affixed to ideas, or ideas affixed to things; to affix a stigma to a person; to affix ridicule or blame to any one.

4. To fix or fasten figuratively; -- with on or upon ; as, eyes affixed upon the ground . [Obs.]

Spenser.

Syn. -- To attach; subjoin; connect; annex; unite.

Affix <Xpage=29>

Af"fix (#) , n. ; pl. Affixes (#) . [L. affixus , p. p. of affigere : cf. F. affixe .] That which is affixed; an appendage; esp. one or more letters or syllables added at the end of a word; a suffix; a postfix.

Affixion <Xpage=29>

Af*fix"ion (#) , n. [L. affixio , fr. affigere .] Affixture. [Obs.]

T. Adams.

Affixture <Xpage=29>

Af*fix"ture (?; 135) , n. The act of affixing, or the state of being affixed; attachment.

Afflation <Xpage=29>

Af*fla"tion (#) , n. [L. afflatus , p. p. of afflare to blow or breathe on; ad + flare to blow.] A blowing or breathing on; inspiration.

Afflatus <Xpage=29>

Af*fla"tus (#) , n. [L., fr. afflare . See Afflation .] 1. A breath or blast of wind.

2. A divine impartation of knowledge; supernatural impulse; inspiration.

A poet writing against his genius will be like a prophet without his afflatus . Spence.

Afflict <Xpage=29>

Af*flict" (#) , v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Afflicted ; p. pr. & vb. n. Afflicting .] [L. afflictus , p. p. of affigere to cast down, deject; ad + fligere to strike: cf. OF. aflit , afflict , p. p. Cf. Flagellate .] 1. To strike or cast down; to overthrow. [Obs.] "Reassembling our afflicted powers."

Milton.

2. To inflict some great injury or hurt upon, causing continued pain or mental distress; to trouble grievously; to torment.

They did set over them taskmasters to afflict them with their burdens. Exod. i. 11.