Chapter 322

4. (Gram.) Agreeing in derivation and radical signification; -- said of words.

5. (Math.) Presenting themselves simultaneously and having reciprocal properties; -- frequently used in pure and applied mathematics with reference to two quantities, points, lines, axes, curves, etc.

Conjugate axis of a hyperbola (Math.) , the line through the center of the curve, perpendicular to the line through the two foci. -- Conjugate diameters (Conic Sections) , two diameters of an ellipse or hyperbola such that each bisects all chords drawn parallel to the other. -- Conjugate focus (Opt.) See under Focus . -- Conjugate mirrors (Optics) , two mirrors so placed that rays from the focus of one are received at the focus of the other, especially two concave mirrors so placed that rays proceeding from the principal focus of one and reflected in a parallel beam are received upon the other and brought to the principal focus. -- Conjugate point (Geom.) , an acnode. See Acnode , and Double point . -- Self-conjugate triangle (Conic Sections) , a triangle each of whose vertices is the pole of the opposite side with reference to a conic.

Conjugate <Xpage=304>

Con`ju*gate (?) , n. [L. conjugatum a combining, etymological relationship.] 1. A word agreeing in derivation with another word, and therefore generally resembling it in signification.

We have learned, in logic, that conjugates are sometimes in name only, and not in deed. Abp. Bramhall.

2. (Chem.) A complex radical supposed to act the part of a single radical. [R.]

Conjugate <Xpage=304>

Con"ju*gate (?) , v. t. [ imp. & p.p. Conjugated ; p.pr. & vb.n. Conjugating .] 1. To unite in marriage; to join. [Obs.]

Sir H. Wotton.

2. (Gram.) To inflect (a verb), or give in order the forms which it assumed in its several voices, moods, tenses, numbers, and persons.

Conjugate <Xpage=304>

Con"ju*gate , v. i. (Biol.) To unite in a kind of sexual union, as two or more cells or individuals among the more simple plants and animals.

Conjugation <Xpage=304>

Con`ju*ga"tion (?) , n. [L. conjugatio conjugation (in senses 1 & 3).] 1. the act of uniting or combining; union; assemblage. [Obs.]

Mixtures and conjugations of atoms. Bentley.

2. Two things conjoined; a pair; a couple. [Obs.]

The sixth conjugations or pair of nerves. Sir T. Browne.

3. (Gram.) (a) The act of conjugating a verb or giving in order its various parts and inflections. (b) A scheme in which are arranged all the parts of a verb. (c) A class of verbs conjugated in the same manner.

4. (Biol.) A kind of sexual union; -- applied to a blending of the contents of two or more cells or individuals in some plants and lower animals, by which new spores or germs are developed.

Conjugational <Xpage=304>

Con`ju*ga"tion*al (?) , a. relating to conjugation.

Ellis.

Conjugial <Xpage=304>

Con*ju"gi*al (?) , a. [L. conjugialis , fr. conjugium . Cf. Conjugal .] Conjugal. [R.]

Swedenborg.

Conjugium <Xpage=304>

Con*ju"gi*um (?) , n. [L.] (Rom. Law) The marriage tie.

Conjunct <Xpage=304>

Con*junct" (?) , a. [L. conjunctus , p.p. See Conjoin .] 1. United; conjoined; concurrent. [Archaic]

2. (Her.) Same as Conjoined .

Conjunction <Xpage=304>

Con*junc"tion (?) , n. [L. conjunctio : cf. F. conjunction . See Conjoin .] 1. The act of conjoining, or the state of being conjoined, united, or associated; union; association; league.

He will unite the white rose and the red: Smille heaven upon his fair conjunction . Shak.

Man can effect no great matter by his personal strength but as he acts in society and conjunction with others. South.

2. (Astron.) The meeting of two or more stars or planets in the same degree of the zodiac; as, the conjunction of the moon with the sun, or of Jupiter and Saturn . See the Note under Aspect , n. , 6.

&hand; Heavenly bodies are said to be in conjunction when they are seen in the same part of the heavens, or have the same longitude or right ascension. The inferior conjunction of an inferior planet is its position when in conjunction on the same side of the sun with the earth; the superior conjunction of a planet is its position when on the side of the sun most distant from the earth.

3. (Gram.) A connective or connecting word; an indeclinable word which serves to join together sentences, clauses of a sentence, or words; as, and , but , if .

Though all conjunctions conjoin sentences, yet, with respect to the sense, some are conjunctive and some disjunctive. Harris.

Conjunctional <Xpage=304>

Con*junc"tion*al (?) , a. Relating to a conjunction.

Conjunctiva <Xpage=304>

Con`junc*ti"va (?) , n. [NL., from L. conjunctivus connective.] (Anat.) The mucous membrane which covers the external surface of the ball of the eye and the inner surface of the lids; the conjunctival membrance.

Conjunctival <Xpage=304>

Con`junc*ti"val (?) , a. 1. Joining; connecting.

2. (Anat.) Of or pertaining to the conjunctiva.

Conjunctive <Xpage=304>

Con*junc"tive (?) , a. [L. conjunctivus .] 1. Serving to unite; connecting together.

2. Closely united. [Obs.]

Shak.

Conjunctive mood (Gram.) , the mood which follows a conjunction or expresses contingency; the subjunctive mood. -- Conjunctive tissue (Anat.) , the tissue found in nearly all parts of most animals. It yields gelatin on boiling, and consists of vriously arranged fibers which are imbedded protoplasmic cells, or corpuscles; -- called also cellular tissue and connective tissue . Adipose or fatty tissue is one of its many forms, and cartilage and bone are sometimes included by the phrase.

Conjunctively <Xpage=304>

Con*junc"tive*ly , adv. In conjunction or union; together.

Sir T. Browne.

Conjunctiveness <Xpage=304>

Con*junc"tive*ness , n. The state or quality of being conjunctive.

Johnson.

Conjunctivitis <Xpage=304>

Con*junc`ti*vi"tis (? &or; <?/) , n. (Med.) Inflammation of the conjunctiva.

Conjunctly <Xpage=304>

Con*junct"ly (?) , adv. In union; conjointly; unitedly; together.

Sir W. Hamilton.

Conjuncture <Xpage=304>

Con*junc"ture (?; 135) , n. [Cf. F. conjoncture, LL. conjunctura .] 1. The act of joining, or state of being joined; union; connection; combination.

The conjuncture of philosophy and divinity. Hobbes.

A fit conjuncture or circumstances. Addison.

2. A crisis produced by a combination of circumstances; complication or combination of events or circumstances; plight resulting from various conditions.

He [Chesterfield] had recently governed Ireland, at a momentous conjuncture , with eminent firmness, wisdom, and humanity. Macaulay.

Conjuration <Xpage=304>

Con`ju*ra"tion (?) , n. [L. conjuratio , cf. F. conjuration .] 1. The act of calling or summoning by a sacred name, or in solemn manner; the act of binding by an oath; an earnest entreaty; adjuration.

We charge you, in the name of God, take heed; . . . Under this conjuration speak, my lord. Shak.

2. The act or process of invoking supernatural aid by the use of a magical form of words; the practice of magic arts; incantation; enchantment.

Pretended conjurations and prophecies of that event. Hallam.

3. A league for a criminal purpose; conspiracy. [Obs.] "The conjuration of Catiline."

Sir T. Elyot.

Conjurator <Xpage=304>

Con"ju*ra`tor (?) , n. [LL.] (O. Eng. Law) One who swears or is sworn with others; one bound by oath with others; a compurgator.

Burrill.

Conjure <Xpage=304>

Con*jure" (?) , v. t. [ imp. & p.p. Conjured (?) ; p.pr. & vb.n. Conjuring .] [F. conjurer , fr. L. conjurare to swear together, to conspire; con- + jurare to swear. See Jury .] To call on or summon by a sacred name or in solemn manner; to implore earnestly; to adjure.

I conjure you, let him know, Whate'er was done against him, Cato did it. Addison.

Conjure <Xpage=304>

Con*jure" , v. i. To combine together by an eath; to conspire; to confederate. [A Latinism]

Drew after him the third part of Heaven's sons Conjured against the Highest. Milton.

Conjure <Xpage=304>

Con"jure (?) , v. t. To affect or effect by conjuration; to call forth or send away by magic arts; to excite or alter, as if by magic or by the aid of supernatural powers.

The habitation which your prophet . . . conjured the devil into. Shak.

To conjure up , or make visible, as a spirit, by magic arts; hence, to invent; as, to conjure up a story; to conjure up alarms.

Conjure <Xpage=304>

Con"jure (?) , v. i. To practice magical arts; to use the tricks of a conjurer; to juggle; to charm.

She conjures ; away with her. Shak.

Conjurement <Xpage=304>

Con*jure"ment (?) , n. Serious injunction; solemn demand or entreaty. [Obs.]

Milton.

Conjurer <Xpage=304>

Con*jur"er (?) , n. One who conjures; one who calls, entreats, or charges in a solemn manner.

Conjurer <Xpage=304>

Con"jur*er (?) , n. 1. One who practices magic arts; one who pretends to act by the aid super natural power; also, one who performs feats of legerdemain or sleight of hand.

Dealing with witches and with conjurers . Shak.

From the account the loser brings, The conjurer knows who stole the things. Prior.

2. One who conjectures shrewdly or judges wisely; a man of sagacity. [Obs.]

Addison.

Conjuror <Xpage=304>

Con*ju"ror (?) , n. (Law) One bound by a common cath with others. [Obs.]

Conjury <Xpage=304>

Con"ju*ry (?) , n. The practice of magic; enchantment.

Motley.

Conn <Xpage=304>

Conn (?) , v. t. See Con , to direct a ship.

Connascence, Connascency <Xpage=304>

Con*nas"cence (?) , Con*nas"cen*cy (?) , n. [L. con- + nascentia birth, fr. nascens , p.pr. of nasci to be born.] 1. The common birth of two or more at the same tome; production of two or more together.

Johnson.

2. That which is born or produced with another.

3. The act of growing together. [Obs.]

Wiseman.

Connascent <Xpage=304>

Con*nas"cent (?) , a. Born together; produced at the same time.

Craig.

Connate <Xpage=304>

Con"nate (?; 277) , a. [L. connatus ; con- + natus born, p.p. of nasci . See Cognate .]

1. Born with another; being of the same birth.

2. Congenital; existing from birth. " Connate notions."

South.

A difference has been made by some; those diseases or conditions which are dependent on original conformation being called congenital ; while the diseases of affections that may have supervened during gestation or delivery are called connate . Dunglison.

3. (Bot.) Congenitally united; growing from one base, or united at their bases; united into one body; as, connate leaves or athers . See Illust . of Connate-perfoliate .

Connate-perfoliate <Xpage=304>

Con"nate-per*fo"li*ate (?) , a. (Bot.) Connate or coalescent at the base so as to produce a broad foliaceous body through the center of which the stem passes; -- applied to leaves, as the leaves of the boneset.

Connation <Xpage=304>

Con*na"tion (?) , n. Connection by birth; natural union. [Obs.]

Dr. H. More.

Connatural <Xpage=304>

Con*nat"u*ral (?; 135) , a. [Pref. con- + natural .] 1. Connected by nature; united in nature; inborn; inherent; natural.

These affections are connatural to us. L'Estrange.

2. Partaking of the same nature.

And mix with our connatural dust. Milton.

Connaturality <Xpage=304>

Con*nat`u*ral"i*ty (?) , n. Participation of the same nature; natural union or connection. [R.]

A congruity and connaturality between them. Sir M. Hale.

Connaturalize <Xpage=304>

Con*nat"u*ral*ize (?; 135) , v. t. To bring to the same nature as something else; to adapt. [Obs.]

Dr. J. Scott.

Connaturally <Xpage=304>

Con*nat"u*ral*ly , adv. By the act of nature; originally; from birth.

Sir M. Hale.

Connaturalness <Xpage=304>

Con*nat"u*ral*ness , n. Participation of the same nature; natural union.

I. Walton.

Connature <Xpage=304>

Con*na"ture (?; 135) , n. Participation in a common nature or character. [R.]

Connature was defined as likeness in kind between either two changes in consciousness, or two states of consciousness. H. Spencer.

Connect <Xpage=304>

Con*nect" (?) , v. t. [ imp. & p.p. Connected ; p.pr. & vb.n. Connecting >.] [L. connectere , -nexum ; con- + nectere to bind. See Annex .] 1. To join, or fasten together, as by something intervening; to associate; to combine; to unite or link together; to establish a bond or relation between.

He fills, he bounds, connect and equals all. Pope.

A man must the connection of each intermediate idea with those that it connects before he can use it in a syllogism. Locke.

2. To associate (a person or thing, or one's self) with another person, thing, business, or affair.

Connecting rod (Mach.) , a rod or bar joined to, and connecting, two or more moving parts; esp. a rod connecting a crank wrist with a beam, crosshead, piston rod, or piston, as in a steam engine.

Connect <Xpage=304>

Con*nect" (?) , v. i. To join, unite, or cohere; to have a close relation; as, one line of railroad connects with another; one argument connect with another.

Connectedly <Xpage=304>

Con*nect"ed*ly , adv. In a connected manner.

Connection <Xpage=304>

Con*nec"tion (?) , n. [Cf. Connexion .] 1. The act of connecting, or the state of being connected; junction; union; alliance; relationship.

He [Algazel] denied the possibility of a known connection between cause and effect. Whewell.

The eternal and inserable connection between virtue and hapiness. Atterbury.

2. That which connects or joins together; bond; tie.

Any sort of connection which is perceived or imagined between two or more things. I. Taylor.

3. A relation; esp. a person connected with another by marriage rather than by blood; -- used in a loose and indefinite, and sometimes a comprehensive, sense.

4. The persons or things that are connected; as, a business connection ; the Methodist connection .

Men elevated by powerful connection . Motley.

At the head of a strong parliamentary connection . Macaulay.

Whose names, forces, connections , and characters were perfectly known to him. Macaulay.

In this connection , in connection with this subject. [A phrase objected to by some writers.]

&hand; This word was formerly written, as by Milton, with x instead of t in the termination, connexion , and the same thing is true of the kindred words inflexion , reflexion , and the like. But the general usage at present is to spell them connection , inflection , reflection , etc.

Syn. -- Union; coherence; continuity; junction; association; dependence; intercourse; commerce; communication; affinity; relationship.

Connective <Xpage=304>

Con*nect"ive (?) , a. Connecting, or adapted to connect; involving connection.

Connection tissue (Anat.) See Conjunctive tissue , under Conjunctive .

Connective <Xpage=304>

Con*nect"ive , n. That which connects . Specifically: (a) (Gram.) A word that connect words or sentences; a conjunction or preposition. (b) (Bot.) That part of an anther which connects its thec\'91, lobes, or cells.

Connectively <Xpage=304>

Con*nect"ive*ly , adv. In connjunction; jointly.

Connector <Xpage=304>

Con*nect"or (?) , n. One who, or that which, connects ; as: (a) A flexible tube for connecting the ends of glass tubes in pneumatic experiments. (b) A device for holding two parts of an electrical conductor in contact.

Conner <Xpage=304>

Con"ner (?) , n. [Cf. Cunner .] (Zo\'94l.) A marine European fish ( Crenilabrus melops ); also, the related American cunner. See Cunner .

Connex <Xpage=304>

Con*nex" (?) , v. t. [L. connexus , p.p. See Connect .] To connect.

Sir M. Hale.

Connexion <Xpage=304>

Con*nex"ion (?) , n. [L. connexio : cf. F. connexion .] Connection. See Connection .

Connexive <Xpage=304>

Con*nex"ive (?) , a. See Connective .

Conning tower <Xpage=304>

Con"ning tow"er (?) , n. The shotproof pilot house of a war vessel.

Connivance <Xpage=304>

Con*niv"ance (?) , n. [Cf. F. connivence , L. conniventia .] 1. Intentional failure or forbearance to discover a fault or wrongdoing; voluntary oversight; passive consent or co<?/peration.

2. (Law) Corrupt or guilty assent to wrongdoing, not involving actual participation in, but knowledge of, and failure to prevent or oppose it.

Syn. -- See Collusion .

Connive <Xpage=304>

Con*nive" (?) , v. i. [ imp. & p.p. Connived (?) ; p.pr. & vb.n. Conniving .] [L. connivere to shut the eues, connive, fr. con- + (perh.) a word akin to nicere to beckon, nictare to wink.] 1. To open and close the eyes rapidly; to wink. [Obs.]

The artist is to teach them how to nod judiciously, and to connive with either eye. Spectator.

2. To close the eyes upon a fault; to wink (at); to fail or forbear by intention to discover an act; to permit a proceeding, as if not aware of it; -- usually followed by at .

To connive at what it does not approve. Jer. Taylor.

In many of these, the directors were heartily concurring; in most of them, they were encouraging, and sometimes commanding; in all they were conniving . Burke.