Chapter 292

Co"coa (?) , n. , Co"coa palm` (?) [Sp. & Pg. coco cocoanut, in Sp. also, cocoa palm. The Portuguese name is said to have been given from the monkeylike face at the base of the nut, fr. Pg. coco a bugbear, an ugly mask to frighten children. Cf., however, Gr. <?/ the cocoa palm and its fruit, <?/, <?/, a kind of Egyptian palm.] (Bot.) A palm tree producing the cocoanut ( Cocos nucifera ). It grows in nearly all tropical countries, attaining a height of sixty or eighty feet. The trunk is without branches, and has a tuft of leaves at the top, each being fifteen or twenty feet in length, and at the base of these the nuts hang in clusters; the cocoanut tree.

Cocoa <Xpage=273>

Co"coa , n. [Corrupted fr. cacao .] A preparation made from the seeds of the chocolate tree, and used in making, a beverage; also the beverage made from cocoa or cocoa shells.

Cocoa shells , the husks which separate from the cacao seeds in preparing them for use.

Cocoanut <Xpage=273>

Co"coa*nut` (?) , n. The large, hard-shelled nut of the cocoa palm. It yields an agreeable milky liquid and a white meat or albumen much used as food and in making oil.

Cocobolo, Cocobolas <Xpage=273>

Co`co*bo"lo (?) , Co`co*bo"las (?) , n. [Sp. cocobolo .] (Bot.) A very beautiful and hard wood, obtained in the West India Islands. It is used in cabinetmaking, for the handles of tools, and for various fancy articles.

Cocoon <Xpage=273>

Co*coon" (?) , n. [F. cocon , dim. of coque shell of egge and insects, fr. L. concha mussel shell. See Conch .] 1. An oblong case in which the silkworn lies in its chrysalis state. It is formed of threads of silk spun by the worm just before leaving the larval state. From these the silk of commerce is prepared.

2. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The case constructed by any insect to contain its larva or pupa. (b) The case of silk made by spiders to protect their eggs. (c) The egg cases of mucus, etc., made by leeches and other worms.

Cocoonery <Xpage=273>

Co*coon"er*y (?) , n. A building or apartment for silkworms, when feeding and forming cocoons.

Coctible <Xpage=273>

Coc"ti*ble (?) , a. [See Coctile .] Capable of being cooked.

Blount.

Coctile <Xpage=273>

Coc"tile (?) , a. [L. coctilis , fr. coguere . See Cook .] Made by baking, or exposing to heat, as a brick.

Coction <Xpage=273>

Coc"tion (?) , n. [L. coctio .] 1. Act of boiling.

2. (Med.) (a) Digestion. [Obs.] (b) The change which the humorists believed morbific matter undergoes before elimination. [Obs.]

Dunglison.

Cocus wood <Xpage=273>

Co"cus wood` (?) . A West Indian wood, used for making flutes and other musical instruments.

Cod <Xpage=273>

Cod (?) , n. [AS. codd small bag; akin to Icel. koddi pillow, Sw. kudde cushion; cf. W. cod , ciod , bag, shell.]

1. A husk; a pod; as, a peas cod . [Eng.]

Mortimer.

2. A small bag or pouch. [Obs.]

Halliwell.

3. The scortum.

Dunglison.

4. A pillow or cushion. [Prov. Eng.] Halliwell.

Cod <Xpage=273>

Cod , n. [Cf. G. gadde , and (in Heligoland) gadden , L. gadus merlangus.] (Zo\'94l.) An important edible fish ( Gadus morrhua ), Taken in immense numbers on the northern coasts of Europe and America. It is especially abundant and large on the Grand Bank of Newfoundland. It is salted and dried in large quantities.

&hand; There are several varieties; as shore cod , from shallow water; bank cod , from the distant banks; and rock cod , which is found among ledges, and is often dark brown or mottled with red. The tomcod is a distinct species of small size. The bastard , blue , buffalo , or cultus cod of the Pacific coast belongs to a distinct family. See Buffalo cod , under Buffalo .

Cod fishery , the business of fishing for cod. -- Cod line , an eighteen-thread line used in catching codfish.

McElrath.

Coda <Xpage=273>

Co"da (?) , n. [It., tail, fr. L. cauda .] (Mus.) A few measures added beyond the natural termination of a composition.

Codder <Xpage=273>

Cod"der (?) , n. A gatherer of cods or peas. [Obs. or Prov.]

Johnson.

Codding <Xpage=273>

Cod"ding (?) , a. Lustful. [Obs.]

Shak.

Coddle <Xpage=273>

Cod"dle (?) , v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Coddled (?) ; p. pr. & vb. n. Coddling (?) .] [Cf. Prov . E. caddle to coax, spoil, fondle, and Cade , a. & v. t. ] [Written also codle .] 1. To parboil, or soften by boiling.

It [the guava fruit] may be coddled . Dampier.

2. To treat with excessive tenderness; to pamper.

How many of our English princes have been coddled at home by their fond papas and mammas! Thackeray.

He [Lord Byron] never coddled his reputation. Southey.

Coddymoddy <Xpage=273>

Cod"dy*mod"dy (?) , n. (Zo\'94l.) A gull in the plumage of its first year.

Code <Xpage=273>

Code (?) , n. [F., fr. L. codex , caudex , the stock or <?/tem of a tree, a board or tablet of wood smeared over with wax, on which the ancients originally wrote; hence, a book, a writting.] 1. A body of law, sanctioned by legislation, in which the rules of law to be specifically applied by the courts are set forth in systematic form; a compilation of laws by public authority; a digest.

&hand; The collection of laws made by the order of Justinian is sometimes called, by way of eminence. " The Code "

Wharton.

2. Any system of rules or regulations relating to one subject; as, the medical code , a system of rules for the regulation of the professional conduct of physicians; the naval code , a system of rules for making communications at sea means of signals.

Code civil &or; Code Napoleon , a code enacted in France in 1803 and 1804, embodying the law of rights of persons and of property generally.

Abbot.

Codefendant <Xpage=273>

Co`de*fend"ant (?) , n. A joint defendant.

Blackstone.

Codeine <Xpage=273>

Co*de"ine (?) , n. [Gr. <?/ poppy head: cf. F. cod<?/ine .] (Chem.) One of the opium alkaloids; a white crystalline substance, C18H21NO3 , similar to and regarded as a derivative of morphine, but much feebler in its action; -- called also codeia .

Codetta <Xpage=273>

Co*det"ta (?) , n. [It., dim. of coda tail.] (Mus.) A short passage connecting two sections, but not forming part of either; a short coda.

Codex <Xpage=273>

Co"dex (?) , n. ; pl. Codices (#) . [L. See Code .] 1. A book; a manuscript.

2. A collection or digest of laws; a code.

Burrill.

3. An ancient manuscript of the Sacred Scriptures, or any part of them, particularly the New Testament.

4. A collection of canons.

Shipley.

Codfish <Xpage=273>

Cod"fish (?) , n. (Zo\'94l.) A kind of fish. Same as Cod .

Codger <Xpage=273>

Codg"er (?) , n. [Cf. Cadger .] 1. A miser or mean person.

2. A singular or odd person; -- a familiar, humorous, or depreciatory appellation. [Colloq.]

A few of us old codgers met at the fireside. Emerson.

Codical <Xpage=273>

Cod"i*cal (?) , a. Ralating to a codex, or a code.

Codicil <Xpage=273>

Cod"i*cil (?) , n. [L. codicillus , dim. of codex : cf. F. codicille . See Code .] (Law) A clause added to a will.

Codicillary <Xpage=273>

Cod`i*cil"la*ry (?) , a. [L. codicillaris , codicillarius .] Of the nature of a codicil.

Codification <Xpage=273>

Co`di*fi*ca"tion (? &or; ?) , n. [Cf. F. codification .] The act or process of codifying or reducing laws to a code.

Codifier <Xpage=273>

Co"di*fi`er (? &or; ?) , n. One who codifies.

Codify <Xpage=273>

Co"di*fy (? &or; ?; 277) , v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Codified (?) ; p. pr. & vb. n. Codifying .] [ Code + -fy : cf. F. codifier .] To reduce to a code, as laws.

Codilla <Xpage=273>

Co*dil"la (?) , n. [Cf. L. codicula a little tail, dim. of cauda tail.] (Com.) The coarse tow of flax and hemp.

McElrath.

Codille <Xpage=273>

Co*dille" (?) , n. [F. codile .] A term at omber, signifying that the game is won.

Pope.

Codist <Xpage=273>

Co"dist (?) , n. A codifier; a maker of codes. [R.]

Codle <Xpage=273>

Co"dle (?) , v. t. See Coddle .

Codlin, Codling <Xpage=273>

Cod"lin (?) , Cod"ling (?) , n. [Cf. AS. cod\'91ppel a quince.] (a) An apple fit to stew or coddle. (b) An immature apple.

A codling when 't is almost an apple. Shak.

Codling moth (Zo\'94l.) , a small moth ( Carpocapsa Pomonella ), which in the larval state (known as the apple worm ) lives in apples, often doing great damage to the crop.

Codling <Xpage=273>

Cod"ling , n. [Dim. of cod the fish.] (Zo\'94l.) A young cod; also, a hake.

Cod liver <Xpage=273>

Cod" liv`er (?) , n. The liver of the common cod and allied species.

Cod-liver oil , an oil obtained fron the liver of the codfish, and used extensively in medicine as a means of supplying the body with fat in cases of malnutrition.

Codpiece <Xpage=273>

Cod"piece` (?) , n. [ Cod , n., <?/ + piece .] A part of male dress in front of the breeches, formerly made very conspicuous.

Shak. Fosbroke.

C\'d2cilian <Xpage=273>

C\'d2*cil"i*an (?) , n. (Zo\'94l.) See C\'91cilian .

Coeducation <Xpage=273>

Co*ed`u*ca"tion (?; 135) , n. An educating together, as of persons of different sexes or races. <-- usu. of different sexes. -->

Co*ed`u*ca"tion*al (<?/) , a.

Coefficacy <Xpage=273>

Co*ef"fi*ca*cy (?) , n. Joint efficacy.

Coefficiency <Xpage=273>

Co`ef*fi"cien*cy (?) , n. Joint efficiency; co\'94peration.

Glanvill.

Coefficient <Xpage=273>

Co`ef*fi"cient (?) , a. Co\'94perating; acting together to produce an effect.

Co`ef*fi"cient*ly , adv.

Coefficient <Xpage=273>

Co`ef*fi"cient , n. 1. That which unites in action with something else to produce the same effect.

2. [Cf. F. coefficient .] (Math.) A number or letter put before a letter or quantity, known or unknown, to show how many times the latter is to be taken; as, 6 x ; bx ; here 6 and b are coefficients of x .

3. (Physics) A number, commonly used in computation as a factor, expressing the amount of some change or effect under certain fixed conditions as to temperature, length, volume, etc.; as, the coefficient of expansion; the coefficient of friction.

Arbitrary coefficient (Math.) , a literal coefficient placed arbitrarily in an algebraic, expression, the value of the coefficient being afterwards determined by the conditions of the problem.

Coehorn <Xpage=273>

Coe"horn (?) , n. [From its inventor, Baron Coehorn .] (Mil.) A small bronze mortar mounted on a wooden block with handles, and light enough to be carried short distances by two men.

C\'d2lacanth <Xpage=273>

C\'d2l"a*canth (? or <?/) , a. [Gr. <?/ hollow + <?/ spine.] (Zo\'94l.) Having hollow spines, as some ganoid fishes.

C\'d2lentera &or; C\'d2lenterata <Xpage=273>

C\'d2*len"te*ra (?) &or; C\'d2*len`te*ra"ta , n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. <?/ hollow + <?/ intestines.] (Zo\'94l.) A comprehensive group of Invertebrata, mostly marine, comprising the Anthozoa , Hydrozoa , and Ctenophora . The name implies that the stomach and body cavities are one. The group is sometimes enlarged so as to include the sponges.

C\'d2lenterate <Xpage=273>

C\'d2*len"ter*ate (?) , a. (Zo\'94l.) Belonging to the C\'d2lentra. -- n. One of the C\'d2lentera.

C\'d2lia <Xpage=273>

C\'d2"li*a (?) , n. [NL., fr. Gr. <?/ a cavity of the body, a ventricle.] (Anat.) A cavity.

&hand; The word is applied to the ventricles of the brain, the different venticles being indicated by prefixes like those characterizing the parts of the brain in which the cavities are found; as, epic\'d2lia , mesoc\'d2lia , metac\'d2lia , proc\'d2lia , etc.

B. G. Wilder.

C\'d2liac, Celiac <Xpage=273>

C\'d2"li*ac , Ce"li*ac (?) , a. [L. coeliacus , Gr. <?/, fr. <?/ belly, fr. <?/ hollow.] Relating to the abdomen, or to the cavity of the abdomen.

C\'d2liac artery (Anat.) , the artery which issues from the aorta just below the diaphragm; -- called also c\'d2liac axis . -- C\'d2liac flux , C\'d2liac passion (Med.) , a chronic flux or diarrhea of undigested food.

C\'d2lodont <Xpage=273>

C\'d2"lo*dont (?) , a. [Gr. <?/ hollow + <?/, <?/, tooth.] (Zo\'94l.) Having hollow teeth; -- said of a group lizards. -- n. One of a group of lizards having hollow teeth.

C\'d2lospermous <Xpage=273>

C\'d2l`o*sper"mous (? &or; <?/) , a. [Gr. <?/ hollow + <?/ seed.] (Bot.) Hollow-seeded; having the ventral face of the seedlike carpels incurved at the ends, as in coriander seed.

C\'d2lum <Xpage=273>

C\'d2"lum (?) , n. [NL., fr. Gr. <?/ a hollow, neut. of <?/ hollow.] (Anat.) See Body cavity , under Body .

Coemption <Xpage=273>

Co*emp"tion (?; 215) , n. [L. co\'89mptio , fr. co\'89mere to buy up. See Emption .] The act of buying the whole quantity of any commodity. [R.]

Bacon.

Coendoo <Xpage=273>

Co*en"doo (?) , n. [Native name.] (Zo\'94l.) The Brazilian porcupine ( Cercolades, &or; Sphingurus, prehensiles ), remarkable for its prehensile tail.

C\'d2nenchym, C\'d2nenchyma <Xpage=273>

C\'d2*nen"chym (?) , C\'d2*nen"chy*ma (?) n. [NL. coenenchyma , fr. Gr. <?/ common + <?/ something poured in. Formed like parenchyma .] (Zo\'94l.) The common tissue which unites the polyps or zooids of a compound anthozoan or coral. It may be soft or more or less ossified. See Coral .

C\'d2nesthesis <Xpage=273>

C\'d2n`es*the"sis (? &or; ?) , n. [NL., fr. Gr. <?/ common + <?/ sensation.] (Physiol.) Common sensation or general sensibility, as distinguished from the special sensations which are located in, or ascribed to, separate organs, as the eye and ear. It is supposed to depend on the ganglionic system.

C\'d2nobite <Xpage=273>

C\'d2n"o*bite (? &or; ?) , n. See Cenobite .

C\'d2n\'d2cium <Xpage=273>

C\'d2*n\'d2"ci*um (? &or; ?) , n. [NL., fr. Gr. <?/ common + <?/ house.] (Zo\'94l.) The common tissue which unites the various zooids of a bryozoan.

C\'d2nogamy <Xpage=273>

C\'d2*nog"a*my (?) , n. [Gr. <?/; <?/ common + <?/ marraige.] The state of a community which permits promiscuous sexual intercourse among its members; -- as in certain primitive tribes or communistic societies. [Written also cenogamy .]

C\'d2nosarc <Xpage=273>

C\'d2n"o*sarc (? &or; ?) , n. [Gr. <?/ common + <?/, <?/, flesh.] (Zo\'94l.) The common soft tissue which unites the polyps of a compound hydroid. See Hydroidea .

C\'d2nurus <Xpage=273>

C\'d2*nu"rus (?) , n. [NL. fr. Gr. <?/ + <?/ tail.] (Zo\'94l.) The larval stage of a tapeworm ( T\'91nia c\'d2nurus ) which forms bladderlike sacs in the brain of sheep, causing the fatal disease known as water brain , vertigo , staggers or gid.

&hand; This bladder worm has on its surface numerous small heads, each of which, when swallowed by a dog, becomes a mature tapeworm in the dog's intestine.

Coequal <Xpage=273>

Co*e"qual (?) , a. [L. coaequalis ; co- + aequalis equal.] Being on an equality in rank or power. -- n. One who is on an equality with another.

In once he come to be a cardinal, He'll make his cap coequal with the crown. Shak.

Coequality <Xpage=273>

Co`e*qual"i*ty (?) , n. The state of being on an equality, as in rank or power.

Coequally <Xpage=273>

Co*e"qual*ly (?) , adv. With coequality.

Coerce <Xpage=273>

Co*erce" (?) , v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Coerced (?) ; p. pr. & vb. n. Coercing .] [L. co\'89rcere ; co- + arcere to shut up, to press together. See Ark .] 1. To restrain by force, especially by law or authority; to repress; to curb.

Burke.

Punishments are manifold, that they may coerce this profligate sort. Ayliffe.

2. To compel or constrain to any action; as, to coerce a man to vote for a certain candidate .

3. To compel or enforce; as, to coerce obedience .

Syn. -- To Coerce , Compel . To compel denotes to urge on by force which cannot be resisted. The term aplies equally to physical and moral force; as, compelled by hunger; compelled adverse circumstances; compelled by parental affection. Coerce had at first only the negative sense of checking or restraining by force; as, to coerce a bad man by punishments or a prisoner with fetters. It has now gained a positive sense., viz., that of driving a person into the performance of some act which is required of him by another; as, to coerce a man to sign a contract; to coerce obedience. In this sense (which is now the prevailing one), coerce differs but little from compel , and yet there is a distinction between them. Coercion is usually acomplished by indirect means, as threats and intimidation, physical force being more rarely employed in coercing .

Coercible <Xpage=273>

Co"er"ci*ble (?) , a. Capable of being coerced.

-- Co*er"ci*ble*ness , n.

Coercion <Xpage=273>

Co*er"cion (?) , n. [L. coercio , fr. coercere . See Coerce .] 1. The act or process of coercing.