Chapter 288

Bayonet clutch (Mach.) , a clutch in which connection is made by means of bayonets attached to arms sliding on a feathered shaft. The bayonets slide through holes in a crosshead fastened on the shaft.

Clutch <Xpage=269>

Clutch , v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Clutched (?) ; p. pr. & vb. n. Clutching .] [OE. clucchen . See Clutch , n. ] 1. To seize, clasp, or gripe with the hand, hands, or claws; -- often figuratively; as, to clutch power .

A man may set the poles together in his head, and clutch the whole globe at one intellectual grasp. Collier.

Is this a dagger which I see before me . . . ? Come, let me clutch thee. Shak.

2. To close tightly; to clinch.

Not that I have the power to clutch my hand. Shak.

Clutch <Xpage=269>

Clutch , v. i. To reach (at something) as if to grasp; to catch or snatch; -- often followed by at .

Clutching at the phantoms of the stock market. Bankroft.

Clutter <Xpage=269>

Clut"ter (?) , n. [Cf. W. cludair heap, pile, cludeirio to heap.] 1. A confused collection; hence, confusion; disorder; as, the room is in a clutter .

He saw what a clutter there was with huge, overgrown pots, pans, and spits. L'Estrange.

2. Clatter; confused noise.

Swift.

Clutter <Xpage=269>

Clut"ter , v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Cluttered (?) ; p. pr. & vb. n. Cluttering .] To crowd together in disorder; to fill or cover with things in disorder; to throw into disorder; to disarrange; as, to clutter a room .

Clutter <Xpage=269>

Clut"ter , v. i. To make a confused noise; to bustle.

It [the goose] cluttered here, it chuckled there. Tennyson.

Clutter <Xpage=269>

Clut"ter , v. t. [From Clod , n. ] To clot or coagulate, as blood. [Obs.]

Holland.

Clypeastroid <Xpage=269>

Clyp`e*as"troid (?) , a. [NL. Clypeaster (L. clupeus shield + aster star) + -oid .] (Zo\'94l.) Like or related to the genus Clupeaster ; -- applied to a group of flattened sea urchins, with a rosette of pores on the upper side.

<page="270"> Page 270

Clypeate <Xpage=270>

Clyp"e*ate (?) , a. [L. clupeatus , p. p. of clupeare to arm with a shield, fr. clupeus , clipeus shield.] 1. (Bot.) Shaped like a round buckler or shield; scutate.

2. (Zo\'94l.) Furnished with a shield, or a protective plate or shell.

Clypeiform <Xpage=270>

Clyp"e*i*form` (?) , a. [L. clupeus shield + -form .] Shield-shaped; clypeate.

Clypeus <Xpage=270>

Clyp"e*us (?) , n. ; pl. Clypei (#) . [L., a shield.] (Zo\'94l.) The frontal plate of the head of an insect.

Clysmian <Xpage=270>

Clys"mi*an (?) , a. [Gr. <?/ a place washed by the waves, fr. <?/. See Clyster .] Connected with, or related to, the deluge, or to a cataclysm; as, clysmian changes .

Smart.

Clysmic <Xpage=270>

Clys"mic (?) , a. Washing; cleansing.

Clyster <Xpage=270>

Clys"ter (?) , n. [L., fr. G. <?/. fr. <?/ to wash off or out; akin to Goth. hl\'d4trs pure, G. lauter : cf. F. clyst\'8are ] (Med.) A liquid injected into the lower intestines by means of a syringe; an injection; an enema.

Clyster pipe , a tube or pipe used for injections.

Cnemial <Xpage=270>

Cne"mi*al (?) , a. [Gr. <?/ the tibia.] (Anat.) Pertaining to the shin bone.

Cnemial crest , a crestlike prominence on the proximal end of the tibia of birds and some reptiles.

Cnida <Xpage=270>

Cni"da (?) , n. ; pl. Cnid\'91 (#) . [NL., fr. Gr. <?/ nettle, sea nettle.] (Zo\'94l.) One of the peculiar stinging, cells found in C\'d2lenterata; a nematocyst; a lasso cell.

Cnidaria <Xpage=270>

Cni*da"ri*a (?) , n. , pl. [NL. See Cnida .] (Zo\'94l.) A comprehensive group equivalent to the true C\'d2lenterata, i.e. , exclusive of the sponges. They are so named from presence of stinging cells ( cnidae ) in the tissues. See Coelenterata .

Cnidoblast <Xpage=270>

Cni"do*blast (?) , n. [ Cnida + -blast .] (Zo\'94l.) One of the cells which, in the C\'d2lenterata, develop into cnid\'91.

Cnidocil <Xpage=270>

Cni"do*cil (?) , n. [ Cnida + cilium eyelash.] (Zo\'94l.) The fine filiform process of a cnidoblast.

Co- <Xpage=270>

Co- (<?/) . A form of the prefix com- , signifying with , together , in conjunction , joint . It is used before vowels and some consonants. See Com- .

Coacervate <Xpage=270>

Co`a*cer"vate (?) , a. [L. coacervatus , p. p. of coacervare to heap up; co- + acervare . See Acervate .] Raised into a pile; collected into a crowd; heaped. [R.]

Bacon.

Coacervate <Xpage=270>

Co`a*cer"vate (?) , v. t. To heap up; to pile. [R.]

Coacervation <Xpage=270>

Co*ac`er*va"tion (?) , n. [L. coacervatio .] A heaping together. [R.]

Bacon.

Coach <Xpage=270>

Coach (?; 224) , n. [F. coche , fr. It. cocchio , dim. of cocca little boat, fr. L. concha mussel, mussel shell, Gr. <?/, akin to Skr. \'87ankha . Cf. Conch , Cockboat , Cockle .] 1. A large, closed, four-wheeled carriage, having doors in the sides, and generally a front and back seat inside, each for two persons, and an elevated outside seat in front for the driver.

&hand; Coaches have a variety of forms, and differ in respect to the number of persons they can carry. Mail coaches and tallyho coaches often have three or more seats inside, each for two or three persons, and seats outside, sometimes for twelve or more.

2. A special tutor who assists in preparing a student for examination; a trainer; esp. one who trains a boat's crew for a race. [Colloq.]

Wareham was studying for India with a Wancester coach . G. Eliot.

3. (Naut.) A cabin on the after part of the quarterdeck, usually occupied by the captain. [Written also couch .] [Obs.]

The commanders came on board and the council sat in the coach . Pepys.

4. (Railroad) A first-class passenger car, as distinguished from a drawing-room car, sleeping car, etc. It is sometimes loosely applied to any passenger car.

Coach <Xpage=270>

Coach , v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Coached (?) ; p. pr. & vb. n. Coaching .] 1. To convey in a coach.

Pope.

2. To prepare for public examination by private instruction; to train by special instruction. [Colloq.]

I coached him before he got his scholarship. G. Eliot.

Coach <Xpage=270>

Coach , v. i. To drive or to ride in a coach; -- sometimes used with it . [Colloq.] " Coaching it to all quarters."

E. Waterhouse.

Coachbox <Xpage=270>

Coach"box` (?) . The seat of a coachman.

Coachdog <Xpage=270>

Coach"dog` (?; 115) . (Zo\'94l.) One of a breed of dogs trained to accompany carriages; the Dalmatian dog.

Coachee <Xpage=270>

Coach"ee (?) , n. A coachman [Slang]

Coachfellow <Xpage=270>

Coach"fel`low (?) , n. One of a pair of horses employed to draw a coach; hence (Fig.) , a comrade.

Shak.

Coachman <Xpage=270>

Coach"man (?) , n. ; pl. Coachmen (#) . 1. A man whose business is to drive a coach or carriage.

2. (Zo\'94l.) A tropical fish of the Atlantic ocean ( Dutes auriga ); -- called also charioteer . The name refers to a long, lashlike spine of the dorsal fin.

Coachmanship <Xpage=270>

Coach"man*ship (?) , n. Skill in driving a coach.

Coachwhip snake <Xpage=270>

Coach"whip` snake" (?) . (Zo\'94l.) A large, slender, harmless snake of the southern United States ( Masticophis flagelliformis ).

&hand; Its long and tapering tail has the scales so arranged and colored as to give it a braided appearance, whence the name.

Coact <Xpage=270>

Co*act" (?) , v. t. [L. coactare , intens. fr. cogere , coactum , to force. See Cogent .] To force; to compel; to drive. [Obs.]

The faith and service of Christ ought to be voluntary and not coacted . Foxe.

Coact <Xpage=270>

Co*act" , v. i. [Pref. co- + act , v.i.] To act together; to work in concert; to unite. [Obs.]

But if I tell you how these two did coact . Shak.

Coaction <Xpage=270>

Co*ac"tion (?) , n. [L. coactio .] Force; compulsion, either in restraining or impelling.

Sojth.

Coactive <Xpage=270>

Co*ac"tive (?) , a. [In sense 1, fr. 1st Coact ; in sense 2, fr. 2d Coact .] 1. Serving to compel or constrain; compulsory; restrictive.

Any coactive power or the civil kind. Bp. Warburton.

2. Acting in concurrence; united in action.

With what's unreal thou coactive art. Shak.

Coactively <Xpage=270>

Co*ac"tive*ly , adv. In a coactive manner.

Coactivity <Xpage=270>

Co`ac*tiv"i*ty (?) , n. Unity of action.

Coadaptation <Xpage=270>

Co*ad`ap*ta"tion (?) , n. Mutual adaption.

R. Owen.

Coadapted <Xpage=270>

Co`a*dapt"ed (?) , a. Adapted one to another; as, coadapted pulp and tooth .

R. Owen.

Coadjument <Xpage=270>

Co*ad"ju*ment (?) , n. Mutual help; co\'94peration. [R.]

Johnson.

Coadjust <Xpage=270>

Co`ad*just" (?) , v. t. To adjust by mutual adaptations.

R. Owen.

Coadjustment <Xpage=270>

Co`ad*just"ment (?) , n. Mutual adjustment.

Coadjutant <Xpage=270>

Co*ad"ju*tant (?) , a. Mutually assisting or operating; helping.

J. Philips.

Coadjutant <Xpage=270>

Co*ad"ju*tant , n. An assistant.

R. North.

Coadjuting <Xpage=270>

Co*ad"ju*ting , a. Mutually assisting. [Obs.]

Drayton.

Coadjutive <Xpage=270>

Co*ad"ju*tive (?) , a. Rendering mutual aid; coadjutant.

Feltham.

Coadjutor <Xpage=270>

Co`ad*ju"tor (?) , n. [L. See Co -, and Aid .] 1. One who aids another; an assistant; a coworker.

Craftily outwitting her perjured coadjutor . Sheridan.

2. (R. C. Ch.) The assistant of a bishop or of a priest holding a benefice.

Coadjutorship <Xpage=270>

Co`ad*ju"tor*ship , n. The state or office of a coadjutor; joint assistance.

Pope.

Coadjutress, Coadjutrix <Xpage=270>

Co`ad*ju"tress (?) , Co`ad*ju"trix (?) , n. A female coadjutor or assistant.

Holland. Smollett.

Coadjuvancy <Xpage=270>

Co*ad"ju*van*cy (?) , n. Joint help; co\'94peration.

Sir T. Browne.

Coadjuvant <Xpage=270>

Co*ad"ju*vant (?) , a. Co\'94perating.

Coadjuvant <Xpage=270>

Co*ad"ju*vant , n. (Med.) An adjuvant.

Coadunate <Xpage=270>

Co*ad"u*nate (?; 135) , a. [L. coadunatus , p. p. of coadunare to unite. See Adunation .] (Bot.) United at the base, as contiguous lobes of a leaf.

Coadunation <Xpage=270>

Co*ad`u*na"tion (?) , n. [L. coadunatio .] Union, as in one body or mass; unity.

Jer. Taylor.

The coadunation of all the civilized provinces. Coleridge.

Coadunition <Xpage=270>

Co*ad`u*ni"tion (?) , n. [Pref. co- + pref. ad- + unition .] Coadunation. [R.]

Sir M. Hale.

Coadventure <Xpage=270>

Co`ad*ven"ture (?; 135) , n. An adventure in which two or more persons are partakers.

Coadventure <Xpage=270>

Co`ad*ven"ture , v. i. To share in a venture.

Howell.

Coadventurer <Xpage=270>

Co`ad*ven"tur*er (?) , n. A fellow adventurer.

Coafforest <Xpage=270>

Co`af*for"est (?) , v. t. To convert into, or add to, a forest.

Howell.

Coag <Xpage=270>

Coag (?) , n. See Coak , a kind of tenon.

Coagency <Xpage=270>

Co*a"gen*cy (?) , n. Agency in common; joint agency or agent.

Coleridge.

Coagent <Xpage=270>

Co*a"gent (?) , n. An associate in an act; a coworker.

Drayton.

Coagment <Xpage=270>

Co`ag*ment" (?) , v. t. [L. coagmentare , fr. coagmentum a joining together, fr. cogere . See Cogent .] To join together. [Obs.]

Glanvill.

Coagmentation <Xpage=270>

Co*ag`men*ta"tion (?) , n. [L. coagmentatio .] The act of joining, or the state of being joined, together; union. [Obs.]

B. Jonson.

Coagulability <Xpage=270>

Co*ag`u*la*bil"i*ty (?) , n. The quality of being coagulable; capacity of being coagulated.

Ure.

Coagulable <Xpage=270>

Co*ag"u*la*ble (?) , a. Capable of being coagulated.

Boyle.

Coagulant <Xpage=270>

Co*ag"u*lant (?) , n. [L. coagulans , p. pr.] That which produces coagulation.

Coagulate <Xpage=270>

Co*ag"u*late (?) , a. [L. coagulatus , p. p. of coagulare to coagulate, fr. coagulum means of coagulation, fr. cogere , coactum , to drive together, coagulate. See Cogent .] Coagulated. [Obs.]

Shak.

Coagulate <Xpage=270>

Co*ag"u*late (?) , v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Coagulated (?) ; p. pr. & vb. n. Coagulating (?) .] To cause (a liquid) to change into a curdlike or semisolid state, not by evaporation but by some kind of chemical reaction; to curdle; as, rennet coagulates milk; heat coagulates the white of an egg.

Coagulate <Xpage=270>

Co*ag"u*late , v. i. To undergo coagulation.

Boyle.

Syn. -- To thicken; concrete; curdle; clot; congeal.

Coagulated <Xpage=270>

Co*ag"u*la`ted (?) , a. Changed into, or contained in, a coagulum or a curdlike mass; curdled.

Coagulated proteid (Physiol. Chem.) , one of a class of bodies formed in the coagulation of a albuminous substance by heat, acids, or other agents.

Coagulation <Xpage=270>

Co*ag`u*la"tion (?) , n. [L. coagulatio .] 1. The change from a liquid to a thickened, curdlike, insoluble state, not by evaporation, but by some kind of chemical reaction; as, the spontaneous coagulation of freshly drawn blood; the coagulation of milk by rennet, or acid, and the coagulation of egg albumin by heat . Coagulation is generally the change of an albuminous body into an insoluble modification. <-- by heat is due to denaturation of protein. -->

2. The substance or body formed by coagulation.

Coagulative <Xpage=270>

Co*ag"u*la*tive (?) , a. Having the power to cause coagulation; as, a coagulative agent .

Boyle.

Coagulator <Xpage=270>

Co*ag"u*la`tor (?) , n. That which causes coagulation.

Hixley.

Coagulatory <Xpage=270>

Co*ag"u*la*to*ry (?) , a. Serving to coagulate; produced by coagulation; as, coagulatory effects .

Boyle.

Coagulum <Xpage=270>

Co*ag"u*lum (?) , n. ; pl. Coagula (#) . [L. See Coagulate , a. ] The thick, curdy precipitate formed by the coagulation of albuminous matter; any mass of coagulated matter, as a clot of bloot.

Coaita <Xpage=270>

Co*ai"ta (?) , n. (Zo\'94l.) The native name of certain South American monkeys of the genus Ateles , esp. A. paniscus . The black-faced coaita is Ateles ater . See Illustration in Appendix.

Coak <Xpage=270>

Coak (?) , n. See Coke , n.

Coak <Xpage=270>

Coak , n. 1. (Carp.) A kind of tenon connecting the face of a scarfed timber with the face of another timber, or a dowel or pin of hard wood or iron uniting timbers. [Also spelt coag .]

2. A metallic bushing or strengthening piece in the center of a wooden block sheve.

Coak <Xpage=270>

Coak , v. t. (Carp.) To unite, as timbers, by means of tenons or dowels in the edges or face.

Totten.

Coal <Xpage=270>

Coal (?) , n. [AS. col ; akin to D. kool , OHG. chol , cholo , G. kohle , Icel. kol , pl., Sw. kol , Dan. kul ; cf. Skr. jval to burn. Cf. Kiln , Collier .] 1. A thoroughly charred, and extinguished or still ignited, fragment from wood or other combustible substance; charcoal.

2. (Min.) A black, or brownish black, solid, combustible substance, dug from beds or veins in the earth to be used for fuel, and consisting, like charcoal, mainly of carbon, but more compact, and often affording, when heated, a large amount of volatile matter.

&hand; This word is often used adjectively, or as the first part of self-explaining compounds; as, coal -black; coal formation; coal scuttle; coal ship. etc.

&hand; In England the plural coals is used, for the broken mineral coal burned in grates, etc.; as, to put coals on the fire. In the United States the singular in a collective sense is the customary usage; as, a hod of coal .