Chapter 276

Circumflexion <Xpage=258>

Cir`cum*flex"ion (?) , n. 1. The act of bending, or causing to assume a curved form.

2. A winding about; a turning; a circuity; a fold.

Circumfluence <Xpage=258>

Cir*cum"flu*ence (?) , n. A flowing round on all sides; an inclosing with a fluid.

Circumfluent, Circumfluous <Xpage=258>

Cir*cum"flu*ent (?) , Cir*cum"flu*ous (?) , a. [L. circumfluere , p. pr. of circumfluere ; circum + fluere to flow; also L. circumfluus .] Flowing round; surrounding in the manner of a fluid. "The deep, circumfluent waves."

Pope.

Circumforanean, Circumforaneous <Xpage=258>

Cir`cum*fo*ra"ne*an (?) , Cir`cum*fo*ra"ne*ous (?) , a. [L. circumforaneus found in markets; circum + forum a market place.] Going about or abroad; walking or wandering from house to house.

Addison.

Circumfulgent <Xpage=258>

Cir`cum*ful"gent (?) , a. [Pref. circum- + fulgent .] Shining around or about.

Circumfuse <Xpage=258>

Cir`cum*fuse" (?) , v. t. [L. circumfusus , p. p. of circumfundere to pour around; circum + fundere to pour.] To pour round; to spread round.

His army circumfused on either wing. Milton.

Circumfusile <Xpage=258>

Cir`cum*fu"sile (?) , a. [Pref. circum- + L. fusilis fusil, a. ] Capable of being poured or spread round. " Circumfusile gold."

Pope.

Circumfusion <Xpage=258>

Cir`cum*fu"sion (?) , n. [L. circumfusio .] The act of pouring or spreading round; the state of being spread round.

Swift.

Circumgestation <Xpage=258>

Cir`cum*ges*ta"tion (?) , n. [L. circumgestare to carry around; circum + gestare to carry.] The act or process of carrying about. [Obs.]

Circumgestation of the eucharist to be adored. Jer. Taylor.

Circumgyrate <Xpage=258>

Cir`cum*gy"rate (?) , v. t. & i. [Pref. circum- + gyrate .] To roll or turn round; to cause to perform a rotary or circular motion.

Ray.

Circumgyration <Xpage=258>

Cir`cum*gy*ra"tion (?) , n. The act of turning, rolling, or whirling round.

A certain turbulent and irregular circumgyration . Holland.

Circumgyratory <Xpage=258>

Cir`cum*gy"ra*to*ry (?) , a. Moving in a circle; turning round.

Hawthorne.

Circumgyre <Xpage=258>

Cir`cum*gyre" (?) , v. i. To circumgyrate. [Obs.]

Circumincession <Xpage=258>

Cir`cum*in*ces"sion (?) , n. [Pref. circum- + L. incedere , incessum , to walk.] (Theol.) The reciprocal existence in each other of the three persons of the Trinity.

Circumjacence <Xpage=258>

Cir`cum*ja"cence (?) , n. Condition of being circumjacent, or of bordering ou every side.

Circumjacent <Xpage=258>

Cir`cum*ja"cent (?) , a. [L. circumjacens , p. pr. of circumjacere ; circum + jac<?/re to lie.] Lying round; borderong on every side.

T. Fuller.

Circumjovial <Xpage=258>

Cir`cum*jo"vi*al (?) , n. [Pref. circum- + L. Jupiter , gen. Jovis , Jove.] One of the moons or satellites of the planet Jupiter. [Obs.]

Derham.

Circumlittoral <Xpage=258>

Cir`cum*lit"to*ral (?) , a. [Pref. circum- + <?/ littus , littoris , shore; preferable form, litus , litoria .] Adjointing the shore.

Circumlocution <Xpage=258>

Cir`cum*lo*cu"tion (?) , n. [L. circumlocutio , fr. circumloqui , -locutus , to make use of circumlocution; circum + loqui to speak. See Loquacious .] The use of many words to express an idea that might be expressed by few; indirect or roundabout language; a periphrese.

the plain Billingagate way of calling names . . . would save abundance of time lost by circumlocution . Swift.

Circumlocution office , a term of riducle for a governmental office where business is delayed by passing through the hands of different officials.

Circumlocutional <Xpage=258>

Cir`cum*lo*cu"tion*al (?) , a. Relating to, or consisting of, circumlocutions; periphrastic; circuitous.

Circumlocutory <Xpage=258>

Cir`cum*loc"u*to*ry (?) , a. Characterised by circumlocution; periphrastic.

Shenstone.

The officials set to work in regular circumlocutory order. Chambers's Journal.

Circummeridian <Xpage=258>

Cir`cum*me*rid"i*an (?) , a. [Pref. circum- + meridian .] About, or near, the meridian.

Circummure <Xpage=258>

Cir`cum*mure" (?) , v. t. [Pref. circum- + mure , v. t.] To encompass with a wall.

Shak.

Circumnavigable <Xpage=258>

Cir`cum*nav"i*ga*ble (?) , a. Capable of being sailed round.

Ray.

Circumnavigate <Xpage=258>

Cir`cum*nav"i*gate (?) , v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Circumnavigated (?) ; p. pr. & vb. n. Circumnavigating (?) .] [L. circumnavigatus , p. p. of circumnavigare to sail round; circum + navigare to navigate.] To sail completely round.

Having circumnavigated the whole earth. T. Fuller.

Circumnavigation <Xpage=258>

Cir`cum*nav`i*ga"tion (?) , n. The act of circumnavigating, or sailing round.

Arbuthnot.

Circumnavigator <Xpage=258>

Cir`cum*nav"iga`tor (?) , n. One who sails round.

W. Guthrie.

Circumnutate <Xpage=258>

Cir`cum*nu"tate (?) , v. i. [Pref. circum- + nutate .] To pass through the stages of circumnutation.

Circumnutation <Xpage=258>

Cir`cum*nu*ta"tion (?) , n. (Bot.) The successive bowing or bending in different directions of the growing tip of the stems of many plants, especially seen in climbing plants.

Circumpolar <Xpage=258>

Cir`cum*po"lar (?) , a. [Pref. circum- + polar .] About the pole; -- applied to stars that revolve around the pole without setting; as, circumpolar stars .

Circumposition <Xpage=258>

Cir`cum*po*si"tion (?) , n. [L. circumpositio , fr. circumponere , - positium , to place around.] The act of placing in a circle, or round about, or the state of being so placed.

Evelyn.

Circumrotary, Circumrotatory <Xpage=258>

Cir`cum*ro"tary (?) , Cir`cum*ro"ta*to*ry (?) , a. [Pref. circum- + rotary , rotatory .] turning, rolling, or whirling round.

Circumrotate <Xpage=258>

Cir`cum*ro"tate (?) , v. t. & i. [L. circumrotare ; circum + rotare to turn round.] To rotate about. [R.]

Circumrotation <Xpage=258>

Cir`cum*ro*ta"tion (?) , n. The act of rolling or revolving round, as a wheel; circumvolution; the state of being whirled round.

J. Gregory.

Circumscissile <Xpage=258>

Cir`cum*scis"sile (?) , a. [Pref. circum- + scissle .] (Bot.) Dehiscing or opening by a transverse fissure extending around (a capsule or pod). See Illust . of Pyxidium .

Circumscribable <Xpage=258>

Cir`cum*scrib"a*ble (?) , a. Capable of being circumscribed.

Circumscribe <Xpage=258>

Cir`cum*scribe" (?) , v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Circumscribed (?) ; p. pr. & vb. n. Circumscribing .] [L. circumscribere , -scriptum ; circum + scribere to write, draw. See Soribe .]

1. to write or engare around. [R.]

Thereon is circumscribed this epitaph. Ashmole.

2. To inclose within a certain limit; to hem in; to surround; to bound; to confine; to restrain.

To circumscribe royal power. Bancroft.

3. (Geom.) To draw a line around si as to touch at certain points without cutting. See Inscribe , 5.

Syn. -- To bound; limit; restrict; confine; abridge; restrain; environ; encircle; inclose; encompass.

Circumscriber <Xpage=258>

Cir`cum*scrib"er (?) , n. One who, or that which, circumscribes.

Circumscriptible <Xpage=258>

Cir`cum*scrip"ti*ble (?) , a. Capable of being circumscribed or limited by bounds.

Circumscription <Xpage=258>

Cir`cum*scrip"tion (?) , n. [L. circumscriptio . See Circumscribe .] 1. An inscription written around anything. [R.]

Ashmole.

2. The exterior line which determines the form or magnitude of a body; outline; periphery.

Ray.

3. The act of limiting, or the state of being limited, by conditions or restraints; bound; confinement; limit.

The circumscriptions of terrestrial nature. Johnson.

I would not my unhoused, free condition Put into circumscription and confine. Shak.

Circumscriptive <Xpage=258>

Cir`cum*scrip"tive (?) , a. Circumscribing or tending to circumscribe; marcing the limits or form of.

Circumscriptively <Xpage=258>

Cir`cum*scrip"tive*ly , adv. In a limited manner.

Circumscriptly <Xpage=258>

Cir"cum*script`ly (?) , adv. In a literal, limited, or narrow manner. [R.]

Milton.

Circumspect <Xpage=258>

Cir"cum*spect (?) , a. [L. circumspectus , p. p. of circumspicere to look about one's self, to observe; circum + spicere , specere , to look. See Spy .] Attentive to all the circustances of a case or the probable consequences of an action; cautious; prudent; wary.

Syn. -- See Cautious .

Circumspection <Xpage=258>

Cir`cum*spec"tion (?) , n. [L. circumspectio .] Attention to all the facts and circumstances of a case; caution; watchfulness.

With silent circumspection , unespied. Milton.

Syn. -- Caution; prudence; watchfulness; deliberation; thoughtfulness; wariness; forecast.

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Circumspective <Xpage=259>

Cir`cum*spec"tive (?) , a. Looking around everi way; cautious; careful of consequences; watchful of danger. " Circumspective eyes."

Pope.

Circumspectively <Xpage=259>

Cir`cum*spec"tive*ly , adv. Circumspectly.

Circumspectly <Xpage=259>

Cir"cum*spect"ly (?) , adv. In a circumspect manner; cautiously; warily.

Circumspectness <Xpage=259>

Cir"cum*spect"ness , n. Vigilance un guarding against evil from every quarter; caution.

[Travel] forces circumspectness on those abroad, who at home are nursed in security. Sir H. Wotton.

Circumstance <Xpage=259>

Cir"cum*stance (?) , n. [L. circumstantia , fr. circumstans , -antis , p. pr. of circumstare to stand around; circum + stare to stand. See Stand .] 1. That which attends, or relates to, or in some way affects, a fact or event; an attendant thing or state of things.

The circumstances are well known in the country where they happened. W. Irving.

2. An event; a fact; a particular incident.

The sculptor had in his thoughts the conqoeror weeping for new worlds, or the like circumstances in histery. Addison.

3. Circumlocution; detail. [Obs.]

So without more circumstance at all I hold it fit that shake hands and part. Shak.

4. pl. Condition in regard to worldly estate; state of property; situation; surroundings.

When men are easy in their circumstances , they are naturally enemies to innovations. Addison.

Not a circumstance , of no account. [Colloq.] -- Under the circumstances , taking all things into consideration.

Syn. -- Event; occurrence; incident; situation; condition; position; fact; detail; item. See Event .

Circumstance <Xpage=259>

Cir"cum*stance , v. t. To place in a particular situation; to suppy relative incidents.

The poet took the matters of fact as they came down to him and circumstanced them, after his own manner. Addison.

Circumstanced <Xpage=259>

Cir"cum*stanced (?) , p. a. 1. Placed in a particular position or condition; situated.

The proposition is, that two bodies so circumstanced will balance each other. Whewell.

2. Governed by events or circumstances. [Poetic & R.] "I must be circumstanced ."

Shak.

Circumstant <Xpage=259>

Cir"cum*stant (?) , a. [L. circumstans . See Circumstance .] Standing or placed around; surrounding. [R.] " Circumstant bodies."

Sir K. Digby.

Circumstantiable <Xpage=259>

Cir`cum*stan"tia*ble (?) , a. Capable of being circumstantiated. [Obs.]

Jer Taylor.

Circumstantial <Xpage=259>

Cir`cum*stan"tial (?) , a. [Cf. F. circonstanciel .]

1. Consisting in, or pertaining to, circumstances or particular incidents.

The usual character of human testimony is substantial truth under circumstantial variety. Paley.

2. Incidental; relating to, but not essential.

We must therefore distinguish between the essentials in religious worship . . . and what is merely circumstantial . Sharp.

3. Abounding with circumstances; detailing or exhibiting all the circumstances; minute; particular.

Tedious and circumstantial recitals. Prior.

Circumstantial evidence (Law) , evidence obtained from circumstances, which necessarily or usually attend facts of a particular nature, from which arises presumption. According to some authorities circumstantial is distinguished from positive evidence in that the latter is the testimony of eyewitnesses to a fact or the admission of a party; but the prevalent opinion now is that all such testimony is dependent on circumstances for its support. All testimony is more or less circumstantial . Wharton .

Syn. -- See Minute .

Circumstantial <Xpage=259>

Cir`cum*stan"tial , n. Something incidental to the main subject, but of less importance; opposed to an essential ; -- generally in the plural; as, the circumstantials of religion .

Addison.

Circumstantiality <Xpage=259>

Cir`cum*stan`ti*al"i*ty (?) , n. The state, characteristic, or quality of being circumstantial; particularity or minuteness of detail. "I will endeavor to describe with sufficient circumstantiality ."

De Quincey.

Circumstantially <Xpage=259>

Cir`cum*stan"tial*ly (?) , adv. 1. In respect to circumstances; not essentially; accidentally.

Of the fancy and intellect, the powers are only circumstantially different. Glanvill.

2. In every circumstance or particular; minutely.

To set down somewhat circumstantially , not only the events, but the manner of my trials. Boyle.

Circumstantiate <Xpage=259>

Cir`cum*stan"ti*ate (?) , v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Circumstantiated (?) ; p. pr. & vb. n. Circumstantiating (?) .] [See Circumstantiating (<?/).]

1. To place in particular circumstances; to invest with particular accidents or adjuncts. [R.]

If the act were otherwise circumstantiated , it might will that freely which now it wills reluctantly. Bramhall.

2. To prove or confirm by circumstances; to entr into details concerning.

Neither will time permint to circumstantiate these particulars, which I have only touched in the general. State Trials (1661).

Circumterraneous <Xpage=259>

Cir`cum*ter*ra"ne*ous (?) , a. [Pref. circum- + L. terra earth.] Being or dwelling around the earth. " Circumterraneous demouns."

H. Hallywell.

Circumundulate <Xpage=259>

Cir`cum*un"du*late (?) , v. t. [Pref. circum- + undulate .] To flow round, as waves. [R.]

Circumvallate <Xpage=259>

Cir`cum*val"late (?) , v. t. [L. circumvallatus , p. p. of circumvallare to surround with a wall; circum + vallare to wall, fr. vallum rampart.] To surround with a rampart or wall.

Johnson.

Circumvallate <Xpage=259>

Cir`cum*val"late (?) , a. 1. Surrounded with a wall; inclosed with a rampart.

2. (Anat.) Surrounded by a ridle or elevation; as, the circumvallate papill\'91, near the base of the tongue .

Circumvallation <Xpage=259>

Cir`cum*val*la"tion (?) , n. (Mil.) (a) The act of surrounding with a wall or rampart. (b) A line of field works made around a besieged place and the besieging army, to protect the camp of the besiegers against the attack of an enemy from without.

Circumvection <Xpage=259>

Cir`cum*vec"tion (?) , n. [L. circumvectio ; circum + vehere to carry.] The act of carrying anything around, or the state of being so carried.

Circumvent <Xpage=259>

Cir`cum*vent" (?) , v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Circumvented ; p. pr. vb. n. Circumventing .] [L. circumventis , p. p. of circumvenire , to come around, encompass, decieve; circum + venire to come, akin to E. come. ] To gain advantage over by arts, stratagem, or deception; to decieve; to delude; to get around.

I circumvented whom I could not gain. Dryden.

Circumvention <Xpage=259>

Cir`cum*ven"tion (?) , n. [L. circumventio .] The act of prevailing over another by arts, address, or fraud; deception; fraud; imposture; delusion.

A school in which he learns sly circumvention . Cowper.

Circumventive <Xpage=259>

Cir`cum*vent"ive (?) , a. Tending to circumvent; deceiving by artifices; deluding.

Circumventor <Xpage=259>

Cir`cum*vent"or (?) , n. [L.] One who circumvents; one who gains his purpose by cunning.

Circumvest <Xpage=259>

Cir`cum*vest" (?) , v. t. [L. circumvestire ; circum + vestire to clothe.] To cover round, as woth a garment; to invest. [Obs.]

Circumvested with much prejudice. Sir H. Wotton.

Circumvolant <Xpage=259>

Cir*cum"vo*lant (?) , a. [L. circumvolans , p. pr. See Circumvolation .] Flying around.

The circumvolant troubles of humanity. G. Macdonald.

Circumvolation <Xpage=259>

Cir`cum*vo*la"tion (?) , n. [L. circumvolate . -volatum , to fly around; circum + volare to fly.] The act of flying round. [R.]

Circumvolution <Xpage=259>

Cir`cum*vo*lu"tion (?) , n. [See Circumvolve .]

1. The act of rolling round; the state of being rolled.

2. A thing rolled round another.

Arbuthnot.

3. A roundabout procedure; a circumlocution.

He had neither time nor temper for sentimental circumvolutions . Beaconsfield.