Chapter 260

3. Pure in design and expression; correct; free from barbarisms or vulgarisms; refined; simple; as, a chaste style in composition or art .

That great model of chaste , lofty, and eloquence, the Book of Common Prayer. Macaulay.

4. Unmarried. [Obs.]

Chaucer.

Syn. -- Undefiled; pure; virtuous; continent; immaculate; spotless.

Chaste tree . Same as Agnus castus .

Chastely <Xpage=243>

Chaste"ly , adv. In a chaste manner; with purity.

Chasten <Xpage=243>

Chas"ten (?) , v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Chastened (?) ; p. pr. & vb. n. Chastening .] [OE. chastien , OF. Chastier , F. Ch<?/tier , fr. L. castigare to punish, chastise; castus pure + agere to lead, drive. See Chaste , Act , and cf. Castigate , Chastise .] 1. To correct by punishment; to inflict pain upon the purpose of reclaiming; to discipline; as, to chasten a son with a rod .

For whom the Lord loveth he chasteneth . Heb. xii. 6.

2. To purify from errors or faults; to refine.

They [classics] chasten and enlarge the mind, and excite to noble actions. Layard.

Syn. -- To chastise; punish; correct; discipline; castigate; afflict; subdue; purify. To Chasten , Punish , Chastise . To chasten is to subject to affliction or trouble, in order to produce a general change for the better in life or character. To punish is to inflict penalty for violation of law, disobedience to authority, or intentional wrongdoing. To chastise is to punish a particular offense, as with stripes, especially with the hope that suffering or disgrace may prevent a repetition of faults.

Chastened <Xpage=243>

Chas"tened (?) , a. Corrected; disciplined; refined; purified; toned down.

Sir. W. Scott.

Of such a finished chastened purity. Tennyson.

Chastener <Xpage=243>

Chas"ten*er (?) , n. One who chastens.

Chasteness <Xpage=243>

Chaste"ness (?) , n. 1. Chastity; purity.

2. (Literature & Art) Freedom from all that is meretricious, gaundy, or affected; as, chasteness of design .

Chastisable <Xpage=243>

Chas*tis"a*ble (?) , a. Capable or deserving of chastisement; punishable.

Sherwood.

Chastise <Xpage=243>

Chas*tise" (?) , v. t. [ imp & p. p. Chastised (?) ; p. pr. & vb. n. Chastising .] [OE. chastisen ; chastien + ending -isen + modern -ise , ize , L. izare , G. <?/. See Chasten .] 1. To inflict pain upon, by means of stripes, or in any other manner, for the purpose of punishment or reformation; to punish, as with stripes.

How fine my master is! I am afraid He will chastise me. Shak.

I am glad to see the vanity or envy of the canting chemists thus discovered and chastised . Boyle.

2. To reduce to order or obedience; to correct or purify; to free from faults or excesses.

The gay, social sense, by decency chastised . Thomson.

Syn. -- See Chasten .

Chastisement <Xpage=243>

Chas"tise*ment (?) , n. [From Chastise .] The act of chastising; pain inflicted for punishment and correction; discipline; punishment.

Shall I so much dishonor my fair stars, On equal terms to give him chastesement ! Shak.

I have borne chastisement ; I will not offend any more. Job xxxiv. 31.

Chastiser <Xpage=243>

Chas*tis"er (?) , n. One who chastises; a punisher; a corrector.

Jer. Taylor.

The chastiser of the rich. Burke.

Chastity <Xpage=243>

Chas"ti*ty (?) , n. [F. chastet\'82 , fr. L. castitas , fr. castus . See Chaste .] 1. The state of being chaste; purity of body; freedom from unlawful sexual intercourse.

She . . . hath preserved her spotless chastity . T. Carew.

2. Moral purity.

So dear to heaven is saintly chastity , That, when a soul is found sicerely so A thousand liveried angels lackey her. Milton.

3. The unmarried life; celibacy. [Obs.]

Chaucer.

4. (Literature & Art) Chasteness.

Chasuble <Xpage=243>

Chas"u*ble (?) , n. [F. chasuble , LL. casubula , cassibula , casula , a hooded garment, covering the person like a little house; cf. It. casupola , casipola , cottage, dim of L. casa cottage.] (Eccl.) The outer vestment worn by the priest in saying Mass, consisting, in the Roman Catholic Church, of a broad, flat, back piece, and a narrower front piece, the two connected over the shoulders only. The back has usually a large cross, the front an upright bar or pillar, designed to be emblematical of Christ's sufferings. In the Greek Church the chasuble is a large round mantle. [Written also chasible , and chesible .]

Chat <Xpage=243>

Chat (?) , v. i. [ imp. & p. p. Chatted ; p. pr. & vb. n. Chatting .] [From Chatter . \'fb22.] To talk in a light and familiar manner; to converse without form or ceremony; to gossip.

Shak.

To chat a while on their adventures. Dryden.

Syn. -- To talk; chatter; gossip; converse.

Chat <Xpage=243>

Chat , v. t. To talk of. [Obs.]

Chat <Xpage=243>

Chat , n. 1. Light, familiar talk; conversation; gossip.

Snuff, or fan, supply each pause of chat , With singing, laughing, ogling, and all that. Pope.

2. (Zo\'94l.) A bird of the genus Icteria , allied to the warblers, in America. The best known species are the yelow-breasted chat ( I. viridis ), and the long chat ( I. longicauda ). In Europe the name is given to several birds of the family Saxicolid\'91 , as the stonechat , and whinchat .

Bush chat . (Zo\'94l.) See under Bush .

Chat <Xpage=243>

Chat , n. 1. A twig, cone, or little branch. See Chit .

2. pl. (Mining) Small stones with ore.

Chat potatoes , small potatoes, such as are given to swine. [Local.]

Chateau <Xpage=243>

Cha`teau" (?) , n. ; pl. Chateux (#) . [F. ch\'83teau a castle. See Castle .] 1. A castle or a fortress in France.

2. A manor house or residence of the lord of the manor; a gentleman's country seat; also, particularly, a royal residence; as, the chateau of the Louvre; the chateau of the Luxembourg.

&hand; The distinctive, French term for a fortified caste of the middle ages is ch\'83teau-fort .

Chateau en Espagne (<?/) [F.] , a castle in Spain, that is, a castle in the air, Spain being the region of romance.

Chatelaine <Xpage=243>

Chat"e*laine (?) , n. [F. ch\'83telaine the wife of a castellan, the mistress of a chateau, a chatelaine chain.] An ornamental hook, or brooch worn by a lady at her waist, and having a short chain or chains attached for a watch, keys, trinkets, etc. Also used adjectively; as, a chatelaine chain .

Chatelet <Xpage=243>

Chat"e*let (?) , n. [F. ch\'83telet , dim. of ch\'83teau . See Castle .] A little castle.

Chatellany <Xpage=243>

Chat"el*la*ny (?) , n. [F. ch\'83tellenie .] Same as Castellany .

Chati <Xpage=243>

Cha`ti" (?) , n. [Cf. F. chat cat.] (Zo\'94l.) A small South American species of tiger cat ( Felis mitis ).

Chatoyant <Xpage=243>

Cha*toy"ant (?) , a. [F., p. pr. of chatoyer to be chatoyant, fr. chat cat.] (Min.) Having a changeable, varying luster, or color, like that of a changeable silk, or oa a cat's eye in the dark.

Chatoyant <Xpage=243>

Cha*toy"ant , n. (Min.) A hard stone, as the cat's-eye , which presents on a polished surface, and in the interior, an undulating or wary light.

Chatoyment <Xpage=243>

Cha*toy"ment (?) , n. [F. chatoiement . See Chatoyant .] Changeableness of color, as in a mineral; play of colors.

Cleaceland.

Chattel <Xpage=243>

Chat"tel (?) , n. [OF. chatel ; another form of catel . See Cattle .] (Law) Any item of movable or immovable property except the freehold, or the things which are parcel of it. It is a more extensive term than goods or effects .

&hand; Chattels are personal or real: personal are such as are movable, as goods, plate, money; real are such rights in land as are less than a freehold, as leases, mortgages, growing corn, etc.

Chattel mortgage (Law) , a mortgage on personal property, as distinguished from one on real property.

Chattelism <Xpage=243>

Chat"tel*ism (?) , n. The act or condition of holding chattels; the state of being a chattel.

Chatter <Xpage=243>

Chat"ter (?) , v. i. [ imp. & p. p. Chattered (?) ; p. pr. & vb. n. Chattering .] [Of imitative origin. Cf. Chat , v. i. Chitter .] 1. To utter sounds which somewhat resemble language, but are inarticulate and indistinct.

The jaw makes answer, as the magpie chatters . Wordsworth.

2. To talk idly, carelessly, or with undue rapidity; to jabber; to prate.

To tame a shrew, and charm her chattering tongue. Shak.

3. To make a noise by rapid collisions.

With chattering teeth, and bristling hair upright. Dryden.

Chatter <Xpage=243>

Chat"ter , v. t. To utter rapidly, idly, or indistinctly.

Begin his witless note apace to chatter . Spenser.

Chatter <Xpage=243>

Chat"ter , n. 1. Sounds like those of a magpie or monkey; idle talk; rapid, thoughtless talk; jabber; prattle.

Your words are but idle and empty chatter . Longfellow.

2. Noise made by collision of the teeth, as in shivering.

Chatteration <Xpage=243>

Chat*ter*a"tion (?) , n. The act or habit of chattering. [Colloq.]

Chatterer <Xpage=243>

Chat"ter*er (?) , n. 1. A prater; an idle talker.

2. (Zo\'94l.) A bird of the family Ampelid\'91 -- so called from its monotonous note. The Bohemion chatterer ( Ampelis garrulus ) inhabits the arctic regions of both continents. In America the cedar bird is a more common species. See Bohemian chatterer , and Cedar bird .

Chattering <Xpage=243>

Chat"ter*ing (?) , n. The act or habit of talking idly or rapidly, or of making inarticulate sounds; the sounds so made; noise made by the collision of the teeth; chatter.

Chattiness <Xpage=243>

Chat"ti*ness (?) , n. The quality of being chatty, or of talking easily and pleasantly.

Chatty <Xpage=243>

Chat"ty (?) , a. Given to light, familiar talk; talkative.

Lady M. W. Montagu.

Chatty <Xpage=243>

Chat"ty , n. [Tamil sh\'beti .] A porous earthen pot used in India for cooling water, etc.

Chatwood <Xpage=243>

Chat"wood` (?) , n. [ Chat a little stick + wood .] Little sticks; twigs for burning; fuel.

Johnson.

Chaud-medley <Xpage=243>

Chaud"-med`ley (?) , n. [F. chaude m\'88l\'82e ; chaud hot + m\'88ler (Formerly sometimes spelt medler) to mingle.] (Law) The killing of a person in an affray, in the heat of blood, and while under the influence of passion, thus distinguished from chance-medley or killing in self-defense, or in a casual affray.

Burrill.

Chaudron <Xpage=243>

Chau"dron (?) , n. See Chawdron . [Obs.]

Chauffer <Xpage=243>

Chauf"fer (?) , n. [Cf. F. chauffoir a kind of stone, fr. chauffer to heat. See Chafe .] (Chem.) A table stove or small furnace, usually a cylindrical box of sheet iron, with a grate at the bottem, and an open top.

Chauldron <Xpage=243>

Chaul"dron (?) , n. See Chawdron . [Obs.]

Chaun <Xpage=243>

Chaun (?) , n. A gap. [Obs.]

Colgrave.

Chaun <Xpage=243>

Chaun , v. t. & i. To open; to yawn. [Obs.]

O, chaun thy breast. Marston.

Chaunt <Xpage=243>

Chaunt (?) , n. & v. See Chant .

Chaunter <Xpage=243>

Chaunt"er (?) , n. 1. A street seller of ballads and other broadsides. [Slang, Eng.]

2. A deceitful, tricky dealer or horse jockey. [Colloq.]

He was a horse chaunter ; he's a leg now. Dickens.

3. The flute of a bagpipe. See Chanter , n. , 3.

Chaunterie <Xpage=243>

Chaunt"er*ie (?) , n. See Chantry . [Obs.]

Chaucer.

Chaus <Xpage=243>

Cha"us (?) , n. (Zo\'94l.) a lynxlike animal of Asia and Africa ( Lynx Lybicus ).

Chausses <Xpage=243>

Chausses (?) , n. pl. [F.] The garment for the legs and feet and for the body below the waist, worn in Europe throughout the Middle Ages; applied also to the armor for the same parts, when fixible, as of chain mail.

Chaussure <Xpage=243>

Chaus`sure" (?) , n. [F.] A foot covering of any kind.

Chauvinism <Xpage=243>

Chau"vin*ism (?) , n. [F. chauvinisme , from Chauvin , a character represented as making grotesque and threatening displays of his attachment to his fallen chief, Napoleon I., in 1815.] Blind and absurd devotion to a fallen leader or an obsolete cause; hence, absurdly vainglorious or exaggerated patriotism.

-- Chau"vin*ist , n. -- Chau`vin*is"tic (<?/) , a.

&hand; To have a generous belief in the greatness of one's country is not chauvinism . It is the character of the latter quality to be wildly extravagant, to be fretful and childish and silly, to resent a doubt as an insult, and to offend by its very frankness.

Prof. H. Tuttle.

Chavender <Xpage=243>

Chav"en*der (?) , n. [Cf. Cheven .] (Zo\'94l.) The chub.

Walton.

Chaw <Xpage=243>

Chaw (?) , v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Chawed (?) ; p. pr. & vb. n. Chawing .] [See Chew .] 1. To grind with the teeth; to masticate, as food in eating; to chew, as the cud; to champ, as the bit.

The trampling steed, with gold and purple trapped, Chawing the foamy bit, there fiercely stood. Surrey.

2. To ruminate in thought; to consider; to keep the mind working upon; to brood over.

Dryden.

A word formerly in good use, but now regarded as vulgar.

Chaw <Xpage=243>

Chaw , n. [See Chaw , v. t. ] 1. As much as is put in the mouth at once; a chew; a quid. [Law]

2. [Cf. Jaw .] The jaw. [Obs.]

Spenser.

Chaw bacon , a rustic; a bumpkin; a lout. (Law) -- Chaw tooth , a grinder. (Law)

Chawdron <Xpage=243>

Chaw"dron (?) , n. [OF. chaudun , caudun , caldun ; cf. G. kaldaunen guts, bowels, LL. calduna intestine, W. coluddyn gut, dim. of coludd bowels.] Entrails. [Obs.] [Written also chaudron , chauldron .]

Shak.

Chay root <Xpage=243>

Chay" root` (?) . [Tamil sh\'beya .] The root of the Oldenlandia umbellata , native in India, which yieds a durable red dyestuff. [Written also choy root .]

Chazy epoch <Xpage=243>

Cha*zy" ep"och (?) . (Geol.) An epoch at the close of the Canadian period of the American Lower Silurian system; -- so named from a township in Clinton Co., New York. See the Diagram under Geology .

Cheap <Xpage=243>

Cheap (?) , n. [AS. ce\'a0p bargain, sale, price; akin to D. Koop purchase, G. Kauf , ICel. kaup bargain. Cf. Cheapen , Chapman , Chaffer , Cope , v. i.] A bargain; a purchase; cheapness. [Obs.]

The sack that thou hast drunk me would have bought me lights as good cheap at the dearest chandler's in Europe. Shak.

Cheap <Xpage=243>

Cheap , a. [Abbrev. fr. "good cheap ": a good purchase or bargain; cf. F. bon march\'82 , \'85 bon march\'82 . See Cheap , n. , Cheapen .] 1. Having a low price in market; of small cost or price, as compared with the usual price or the real value.

Where there are a great sellers to a few buyers, there the thing to be sold will be cheap . Locke.

2. Of comparatively small value; common; mean.

You grow cheap in every subject's eye. Dryden.

Dog cheap , very cheap, -- a phrase formed probably by the catachrestical transposition of good cheap. [Colloq.] <-- = dirt cheap?-->

Cheap <Xpage=243>

Cheap , adv. Cheaply.

Milton.

Cheap <Xpage=243>

Cheap , v. i. To buy; to bargain. [Obs.]

Chaucer.

<page="244"> Page 244

Cheapen <Xpage=244>

Cheap"en (?) , v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Cheapened (?) ; p. pr. & vb. n. Cheapening .] [OE. cheapien , chepen , to trade, buy, sell, AS. ce\'a0pian ; akin to D. koopen to buy, G. kaufen , Icel. kaupa , Goth. kaup\'d3n to trade. Cf. Chap to bargain.] 1. To ask the price of; to bid, bargain, or chaffer for. [Obsoles.]

Pretend to cheapen goods, but nothing buy. Swift.

2. [Cf. Cheap , a. ] To beat down the price of; to lessen the value of; to depreciate.

Pope.

My proffered love has cheapened me. Dryden.

Cheapener <Xpage=244>

Cheap"en*er (?) , n. One who cheapens.

Cheap-jack, Cheap-john <Xpage=244>

Cheap"-jack` (?) , Cheap"-john` (?) , n. A seller of low-priced or second goods; a hawker.

Cheaply <Xpage=244>

Cheap"ly (?) , adv. At a small price; at a low value; in a common or inferior manner.

Cheapness <Xpage=244>

Cheap"ness (?) , n. Lowness in price, considering the usual price, or real value.

Chear <Xpage=244>

Chear (?) , n. & v. [Obs.] See Cheer .

Cheat <Xpage=244>

Cheat (?) , n. [rob. an abbrevation of escheat , lands or tenements that fall to a lord or to the state by forfeiture, or by the death of the tenant without heirs; the meaning being explained by the frauds, real or supposed, that were resorted to in procuring escheats. See Escheat .] 1. An act of deception or fraud; that which is the means of fraud or deception; a fraud; a trick; imposition; imposture.

When I consider life, 'tis all a cheat . Dryden.