Chapter 257

Chape (?) , n. [F., a churchman's cope, a cover, a chape, fr. L. cappa . See Cap .] 1. The piece by which an object is attached to something, as the frog of a scabbard or the metal loop at the back of a buckle by which it is fastened to a strap.

2. The transverse guard of a sword or dagger.

3. The metal plate or tip which protects the end of a scabbard, belt, etc.

Knight.

Chapeau <Xpage=240>

Cha`peau" (?) , n. ; pl. Chapeux (#) . [F., fr. OF. chapel hat. See Chaplet .] 1. hat or covering for the head.

2. (Her.) A cap of maintenance. See Maintenance .

Chapeau bras (<?/) [F. chapeau hat + bras arm] , a hat so made that it can be compressed and carried under the arm without injury. Such hats were particularly worn on dress occasions by gentlemen in the 18th century. A chapeau bras is now worn in the United States army by general and staff officers.

Chaped <Xpage=240>

Chaped (?) , p. p. &or; a. Furnished with a chape or chapes. [Obs.]

Chaucer.

Chapel <Xpage=240>

Chap"el (?) , n. [OF. chapele , F. chapelle , fr. LL. capella , orig., a short cloak, hood, or cowl; later, a reliquary, sacred vessel, chapel; dim. of cappa , capa , cloak, cape, cope; also, a covering for the head. The chapel where St. Martin's cloak was preserved as a precious relic, itself came to be called capella , whence the name was applied to similar paces of worship, and the guardian of this cloak was called capellanus , or chaplain. See Cap , and cf. Chaplain ., Chaplet .] 1. A subordinate place of worship ; as, (a) a small church, often a private foundation, as for a memorial ; (b) a small building attached to a church ; (c) a room or recess in a church, containing an altar.

&hand; In Catholic churches, and also in cathedrals and abbey churches, chapels are usually annexed in the recesses on the sides of the aisles.

Gwilt.

2. A place of worship not connected with a church; as, the chapel of a palace, hospital, or prison .

3. In England, a place of worship used by dissenters from the Established Church; a meetinghouse.

4. A choir of singers, or an orchastra, attached to the court of a prince or nobleman.

5. (Print.) (a) A printing office, said to be so called because printing was first carried on in England in a chapel near Westminster Abbey. (b) An association of workmen in a printing office.

Chapel of ease . (a) A chapel or dependent church built for the ease or a accommodation of an increasing parish, or for parishioners who live at a distance from the principal church. (b) A privy. (Law) -- Chapel master , a director of music in a chapel; the director of a court or orchestra. -- To build a chapel (Naut.) , to chapel a ship. See Chapel , v. t. , 2. -- To hold a chapel , to have a meeting of the men employed in a printing office, for the purpose of considering questions affecting their interests.

Chapel <Xpage=240>

Chap"el (?) , v. t. 1. To deposit or inter in a chapel; to enshrine. [Obs.]

Beau. & Fl.

2. (Naut.) To cause (a ship taken aback in a light breeze) so to turn or make a circuit as to recover, without bracing the yards, the same tack on which she had been sailing.

Chapeless <Xpage=240>

Chape"less (?) , a. Without a chape.

Chapelet <Xpage=240>

Chap"e*let (?) , n. [F. See Chaplet .] 1. A pair of Straps, with stirrups, joined at the top and fastened to the pommel or the frame of the saddle, after they have been adjusted to the convenience of the rider. [Written also chaplet .]

2. A kind of chain pump, or dredging machine.

Chapellany <Xpage=240>

Chap"el*la*ny (?) , n. ; pl. Chapellanies (#) . [Cf. E. chapellenie , LL. capellania . See Chaplain.] A chapel within the jurisdiction of a church; a subordinate ecclesiastical foundation.

Chapelry <Xpage=240>

Chap"el*ry (?) , n. [Cf. OF. chapelerie .] The territorial disrict legally assigned to a chapel.

Chaperon <Xpage=240>

Chap"er*on (?) , n. [F. chaperon . See Chape , Cape , Cap .] 1. A hood; especially, an ornamental or an official hood.

His head and face covered with a chaperon , out of which there are but two holes to look through. Howell.

2. A divice placed on the foreheads of horses which draw the hearse in pompous funerals.

3. A matron who accompanies a young lady in public, for propriety, or as a guide and protector.

Chaperon <Xpage=240>

Chap"er*on , v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Chaperoned (?) ; p. pr. & vb. n. Chaperoning .] [Cf. F. chaperonner , fr. chaperon .] To attend in public places as a guide and protector; to matronize.

Fortunately Lady Bell Finley, whom I had promised to chaperon , sent to excuse herself. Hannah More.

Chaperonage <Xpage=240>

Chap"er*on`age (?) , n. Attendance of a chaperon on a lady in public; protection afforded by a chaperon.

Chapfallen <Xpage=240>

Chap"fall`en (?) , a. Having the lower chap or jaw drooping, -- an indication of humiliation and dejection; crestfallen; discouraged. See Chopfallen .

Chapiter <Xpage=240>

Chap"i*ter (?) , n. [OF. chapitel , F. chapiteau , from L. capitellum , dim. of caput head. Cf. Capital , Chapter .] 1. (Arch.) A capital [Obs.] See Chapital .

Ex. xxxvi. 38.

2. (Old Eng. Law) A summary in writing of such matters as are to be inquired of or presented before justices in eyre, or justices of assize, or of the peace, in their sessions; -- also called articles .

Jacob.

Chaplain <Xpage=240>

Chap"lain (?) , n. [F. chapelain , fr. LL. capellanus , fr. capella . See Chapel .] 1. An ecclesiastic who has a chapel, or who performs religious service in a chapel.

2. A clergyman who is officially atteched to the army or navy, to some public institution, or to a family or court, for the purpose of performing divine service.

3. Any person (clergyman or layman) chosen to conduct religious exercises for a society, etc.; as, a chaplain of a Masonic or a temperance lodge .

Chaplaincy <Xpage=240>

Chap"lain*cy (?) , n. ; pl. Chaplaincies (<?/) . The office, position, or station of a chaplain.

Swift.

Chaplainship <Xpage=240>

Chap"lain*ship , n. 1. The office or business of a chaplain.

The Bethesda of some knight's chaplainship . Milton.

2. The possession or revenue of a chapel.

Johnson.

Chapless <Xpage=240>

Chap"less (?) , a. Having no lower jaw; hence, fleshless. [R.] "Yellow, chapless skulls." Shak.

Chaplet <Xpage=240>

Chap"let (?) , n. [F. chapelet , dim. of OF. chapel hat, garland, dim. fr. LL. cappa . See Cap , and cf. Chapelet , Chapeau .] 1. A garland or wreath to be worn on the head.

2. A string of beads, or part of a string, used by Roman Catholic in praying; a third of a rosary, or fifty beads.

Her chaplet of beads and her missal. Longfellow.

3. (Arch.) A small molding, carved into beads, pearls, olives, etc.

4. (Man.) A chapelet. See Chapelet , 1.

5. (Founding) A bent piece of sheet iron, or a pin with thin plates on its ends, for holding a core in place in the mold.

6. A tuft of feathers on a peacock's head.

Johnson.

Chaplet <Xpage=240>

Chap"let , n. A small chapel or shrine.

Chaplet <Xpage=240>

Chap"let , v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Chapleted .] To adorn with a chaplet or with flowers.

R. Browning.

Chapman <Xpage=240>

Chap"man (?) , n. ; pl. Chapmen (#) . [AS. ce\'a0pman ; ce\'a0p trade + man man; akin to D. koopman , Sw. k\'94pman , Dan. ki\'94pmand , G. kaufmann .f. Chap to cheapen, and see Cheap .] 1. One who buys and sells; a merchant; a buyer or a seller. [Obs.]

The word of life is a quick commodity, and ought not, as a drug to be obtruded on those chapmen who are unwilling to buy it. T. Fuller.

2. A peddler; a hawker.

Chappy <Xpage=240>

Chap"py (?) , Full of chaps; cleft; gaping; open.

Chaps <Xpage=240>

Chaps (?) , n. pl. The jaws, or the fleshy parts about them. See Chap . "Open your chaps again."

Shak.

Chapter <Xpage=240>

Chap"ter (?) , n. [OF. chapitre , F. chapitre , fr. L. capitulum , dim. of caput head, the chief person or thing, the principal division of a writing, chapter. See Chief , and cf, Chapiter .] 1. A division of a book or treatise; as, Genesis has fifty chapters .

2. (Eccl.) (a) An assembly of monks, or of the prebends and other clergymen connected with a cathedral, conventual, or collegiate church, or of a diocese, usually presided over by the dean. (b) A community of canons or canonesses. (c) A bishop's council. (d) A business meeting of any religious community.

3. An organized branch of some society or fraternity as of the Freemasons.

Robertson.

4. A meeting of certain organized societies or orders.

5. A chapter house. [R.]

Burrill.

6. A decretal epistle.

Ayliffe.

7. A location or compartment.

In his bosom! In what chapter of his bosom? Shak.

Chapter head , &or; Chapter heading , that which stands at the head of a chapter, as a title. -- Chapter house , a house or room where a chapter meets, esp. a cathedral chapter. -- The chapter of accidents , chance. Marryat .

Chapter <Xpage=240>

Chap"ter (?) , v. t. 1. To divide into chapters, as a book.

Fuller.

2. To correct; to bring to book, i. e. , to demand chapter and verse. [Obs.]

Dryden.

Chaptrel <Xpage=240>

Chap"trel (?) , n. [See Chapiter .] (Arch.) An impost. [Obs.]

Char, Charr <Xpage=240>

Char , Charr (?) , n. [Ir. cear , Gael. ceara , lit., red, blood-colored, fr. cear blood. So named from its red belly.] (Zo\'94l.) One of the several species of fishes of the genus Salvelinus , allied to the spotted trout and salmon, inhabiting deep lakes in mountainous regions in Europe. In the United States, the brook trout ( Salvelinus fontinalis ) is sometimes called a char .

Char <Xpage=240>

Char , n. [F.] A car; a chariot. [Obs.]

Chaucer.

Char <Xpage=240>

Char (?) , n. [OE. cherr , char a turning, time, work, AS. cerr , cyrr , turn, occasion, business, fr. cerran , cyrran , to turn; akin to OS. k\'89rian , OHG. ch\'89ran , G. kehren . Cf. Chore , Ajar .] Work done by the day; a single job, or task; a chore. [Written also chare .] [Eng.]

When thou hast done this chare , I give thee leave To play till doomsday. Shak.

Char, Chare <Xpage=240>

Char , Chare , v. t. [See 3d Char .] 1. To perform; to do; to finish. [Obs.]

Nores.

Thet char is chared , as the good wife said when she had hanged her husband. Old Proverb.

2. To work or hew, as stone.

Oxf. Gloss.

Char, Chare <Xpage=240>

Char , Chare , v. i. To work by the day, without being a regularly hired servant; to do small jobs.

Char <Xpage=240>

Char (?) , v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Charred (?) ; p. pr. & vb. n. Charring .] [Prob. the same word as char to perform (see Char , n. ), the modern use coming from charcoal , prop. coal-turned , turned to coal.] 1. To reduce to coal or carbon by exposure to heat; to reduce to charcoal; to burn to a cinder.

2. To burn slightly or partially; as, to char wood .

Chara <Xpage=240>

Cha"ra (?) , n. [NL., of uncertain origin.] (Bot.) A genus of flowerless plants, having articulated stems and whorled branches. They flourish in wet places.

Char-a-bancs <Xpage=240>

Char`-a-bancs" (?) , n. ; pl. Chars-a-banc (#) . [F.] A long, light, open vehicle, with benches or seats running lengthwise.

Charact <Xpage=240>

Char"act (?) , n. A distinctive mark; a character; a letter or sign. [Obs.] See Character .

In all his dressings, characts , titles, forms. Shak.

Character <Xpage=240>

Char"ac*ter (?) , n. [L., an instrument for marking, character, Gr. <?/, fr. <?/ to make sharp, to cut into furrows, to engrave: cf. F. caract\'8are .]

1. A distinctive mark; a letter, figure, or symbol.

It were much to be wished that there were throughout the world but one sort of character for each letter to express it to the eye. Holder.

2. Style of writing or printing; handwriting; the peculiar form of letters used by a particular person or people; as, an inscription in the Runic character .

You know the character to be your brother's? Shak.

3. The peculiar quality, or the sum of qualities, by which a person or a thing is distinguished from others; the stamp impressed by nature, education, or habit; that which a person or thing really is; nature; disposition.

The character or that dominion. Milton.

Know well each Ancient's proper character ; His fable, subject, scope in every page; Religion, Country, genius of his Age. Pope.

A man of . . . thoroughly subservient character . Motley.

4. Strength of mind; resolution; independence; individuality; as, he has a great deal of character .

5. Moral quality; the principles and motives that control the life; as, a man of character ; his character saves him from suspicion.

6. Quality, position, rank, or capacity; quality or conduct with respect to a certain office or duty; as, in the miserable character of a slave; in his character as a magistrate; her character as a daughter.

7. The estimate, individual or general, put upon a person or thing; reputation; as, a man's character for truth and veracity; to give one a bad character .

This subterraneous passage is much mended since Seneca gave so bad a character of it. Addison.

8. A written statement as to behavior, competency, etc., given to a servant. [Colloq.]

9. A unique or extraordinary individuality; a person characterized by peculiar or notable traits; a person who illustrates certain phases of character; as, Randolph was a character ; C\'91sar is a great historical character .

10. One of the persons of a drama or novel.

&hand; "It would be well if character and reputation were used distinctively. In truth, character is what a person is; reputation is what he is supposed to be. Character is in himself, reputation is in the minds of others. Character is injured by temptations, and by wrongdoing; reputation by slanders, and libels. Character endures throughout defamation in every form, but perishes when there is a voluntary transgression; reputation may last through numerous transgressions, but be destroyed by a single, and even an unfounded, accusation or aspersion."

Abbott.

Character <Xpage=240>

Char"ac*ter , v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Charactered (?) .]

1. To engrave; to inscribe. [R.]

These trees shall be my books. And in their barks my thoughts I 'll character . Shak.

2. To distinguish by particular marks or traits; to describe; to characterize. [R.]

Mitford.

<page="241"> Page 241

Characterism <Xpage=241>

Char"ac*ter*ism (?) , n. [Gr. <?/ a characterizing.] A distinction of character; a characteristic. [Obs.]

Bp. Hall.

Characteristic <Xpage=241>

Char`ac*ter*is"tic (?) , a. [Gr. <?/: cf. F. charact\'82ristique .] Pertaining to, or serving to constitute, the character; showing the character, or distinctive qualities or traits, of a person or thing; peculiar; distinctive.

Characteristic clearness of temper. Macaulay.

Characteristic <Xpage=241>

Char`ac*ter*is"tic , n. 1. A distinguishing trait, quality, or property; an element of character; that which characterized.

Pope.

The characteristics of a true critic. Johnson.

2. (Math.) The integral part (whether positive or negative) of a logarithm.

Characteristical <Xpage=241>

Char`ac*ter*is"tic*al (?) , a. Characteristic.

Characteristically <Xpage=241>

Char`ac*ter*is"tic*al*ly , adv. In a characteristic manner; in a way that characterizes.

Characterization <Xpage=241>

Char`ac*ter*i*za"tion (?) , n. The act or process of characterizing.

Characterize <Xpage=241>

Char"ac*ter*ize (?) , v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Characterized (?) ; p. pr. & vb. n. Characterizing .] [LL. characterizare , Gr. <?/: cf. F. charact\'82riser .] 1. To make distinct and recognizable by peculiar marks or traits; to make with distinctive features.

European, Asiatic, Chinese, African, and Grecian faces are Characterized . Arbuthot.

2. To engrave or imprint. [Obs.]

Sir M. Hale.

3. To indicate the character of; to describe.

Under the name of Tamerlane he intended to characterize King William. Johnson.

4. To be a characteristic of; to make, or express the character of.

The softness and effeminacy which characterize the men of rank in most countries. W. Irving.

Syn. -- To describe; distinguish; mark; designate; style; particularize; entitle.

Characterless <Xpage=241>

Char"ac*ter*less , a. Destitute of any distinguishing quality; without character or force.

Charactery <Xpage=241>

Char"ac*ter*y (?) , n. 1. The art or means of characterizing; a system of signs or characters; symbolism; distinctive mark.

Fairies use flowers for their charactery . Shak.

2. That which is charactered; the meaning. [Obs.]

I will construe to thee All the charactery of my sad brows. Shak.

Charade <Xpage=241>

Cha*rade" (?) , n. [F. charade , cf. Pr. charrada long chat, It ciarlare to chat, whence E. charlatan .] A verbal or acted enigma based upon a word which has two or more significant syllables or parts, each of which, as well as the word itself, is to be guessed from the descriptions or representations.

Charbocle <Xpage=241>