Chapter 226

A bookworm, a candlewaster . B. Jonson.

Candock <Xpage=209>

Can"dock (?) n. [Prob. fr. can + dock (the plant). Cf. G. kannenkraut horsetail, lit. "canweed."] (Bot.) A plant or weed that grows in rivers; a species of of Equisetum ; also, the yellow frog lily ( Nuphar luteum ).

Candor <Xpage=209>

Can"dor (?) , n. [Written also candour .] [L. candor , fr. cand\'89re ; cf. F. candeur . See candid .]

1. Whiteness; brightness; (as applied to moral conditions) usullied purity; innocence. [Obs.]

Nor yor unquestioned integrity Shall e'er be sullied with one taint or spot That may take from your innocence and candor . Massinger.

2. A disposition to treat subjects with fairness; freedom from prejudice or disguise; frankness; sincerity.

Attribute superior sagacity and candor to those who held that side of the question. Whewell.

Candroy <Xpage=209>

Can"droy (?) , n. A machine for spreading out cotton cloths to prepare them for printing.

Candy <Xpage=209>

Can"dy (?) , v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Candied (?) ; p. pr & vb. n. Candying .] [F. candir (cf. It. candire , Sp. az\'a3car cande or candi ), fr. Ar. & Pers. qand , fr. Skr. Kha\'c9\'c8da piece, sugar in pieces or lumps, fr. kha\'c9\'c8 , kha\'c8 to break.] 1. To conserve or boil in sugar; as, to candy fruits; to candy ginger.

2. To make sugar crystals of or in; to form into a mass resembling candy; as, to candy sirup .

3. To incrust with sugar or with candy, or with that which resembles sugar or candy.

Those frosts that winter brings Which candy every green. Drayson.

<page="210"> Page 210

Candy <Xpage=210>

Can"dy (?) , v. i. 1. To have sugar crystals form in or on; as, fruits preserved in sugar candy after a time .

2. To be formed into candy; to solidify in a candylike form or mass.

Candy <Xpage=210>

Can"dy n. [F. candi . See Candy , v. t. ] A more or less solid article of confectionery made by boiling sugar or molasses to the desired consistency, and than crystallizing, molding, or working in the required shape. It is often flavored or colored, and sometimes contains fruit, nuts, etc.

Candy <Xpage=210>

Candy , n. [Mahratta kha\'c9\'c8\'c6 , Tamil ka\'c9\'c8i .] A weight, at Madras 500 pounds, at Bombay 560 pounds.

Candytuft <Xpage=210>

Can"dy*tuft` (?) , n. (Bot.) An annual plant of the genus Iberis , cultivated in gardens. The name was originally given to the I. umbellata , first, discovered in the island of Candia.

Cane <Xpage=210>

Cane (?) , n. [OE. cane , canne , OF. cane , F. canne , L. canna , fr. Gr. <?/, <?/; prob. of Semitic origin; cf. Heb. q\'beneh reed. Cf. Canister , canon , 1st Cannon .]

1. (Bot.) (a) A name given to several peculiar palms, species of Calamus and D\'91manorops , having very long, smooth flexible stems, commonly called rattans. (b) Any plant with long, hard, elastic stems, as reeds and bamboos of many kinds; also, the sugar cane. (c) Stems of other plants are sometimes called canes; as, the canes of a raspberry .

Like light canes , that first rise big and brave. B. Jonson.

&hand; In the Southern United States great cane is the Arundinaria macrosperma , and small cane is. A. tecta .

2. A walking stick; a staff; -- so called because originally made of one the species of cane.

Stir the fire with your master's cane . Swift.

3. A lance or dart made of cane. [R.]

Judgelike thou sitt'st, to praise or to arraign The flying skirmish of the darted cane . Dryden.

4. A local European measure of length. See Canna .

Cane borer (Zo\'94.) , A beetle (Oberea bimaculata) which, in the larval state, bores into pith and destroy the canes or stalks of the raspberry, blackberry, etc. -- Cane mill , a mill for grinding sugar canes, for the manufacture of sugar. -- Cane trash , the crushed stalks and other refuse of sugar cane, used for fuel, etc.

Cane <Xpage=210>

Cane (?) , v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Caned (?) ; p. pr. & vb. n. Caning .] 1. To beat with a cane.

Macaulay.

2. To make or furnish with cane or rattan; as, to cane chairs .

Canebrake <Xpage=210>

Cane"brake (?) , n. A thicket of canes.

Ellicott.

Caned <Xpage=210>

Caned (?) , a. [Cf. L. canus white.] Filled with white flakes; mothery; -- said vinegar when containing mother. [Prov. Eng.]

Halliwell.

Canella <Xpage=210>

Ca*nel"la (?) , n. [LL. (OE. canel , canelle , cinnamon, fr. F. cannelle ), Dim. of L. canna a reed. Canella is so called from the shape of the rolls of prepared bark. See Cane .] (Bot.) A genus of trees of the order Canellace\'91 , growing in the West Indies.

&hand; The principal species is Canella alba , and its bark is a spice and drug exported under the names of wild cinnamon and whitewood bark .

Canescent <Xpage=210>

Ca*nes"cent (?) , a. [L. canescens , p. pr. of canescere , v. inchoative of canere to be white.] Growing white, or assuming a color approaching to white.

Can hook <Xpage=210>

Can" hook` (?) . A device consisting of a short rope with flat hooks at each end, for hoisting casks or barrels by the ends of the staves.

Cannicula <Xpage=210>

Can*nic"u*la (?) , n. [L. canicula , lit., a little dog, a dim of canis dog; cf. F. canicule .] (Astron.) The Dog Star; Sirius.

Canicular <Xpage=210>

Ca*nic"u*lar (?) , a. [L. canicularis ; cf. F. caniculaire .] Pertaining to, or measured, by the rising of the Dog Star.

Canicular days , the dog days, See Dog days . -- Canicular year , the Egyptian year, computed from one heliacal rising of the Dog Star to another.

Canicule <Xpage=210>

Can"i*cule (?) , n. Canicula.

Addison.

Caninal <Xpage=210>

Ca*ni"nal (?) , a. See Canine , a.

Canine <Xpage=210>

Ca*nine" (?) , a. [L. caninus , fr. canis dog: cf. F. canin . See Hound .] 1. Of or pertaining to the family Canid\'91 , or dogs and wolves; having the nature or qualities of a dog; like that or those of a dog.

2. (Anat.) Of or pertaining to the pointed tooth on each side the incisors.

Canine appetite , a morbidly voracious appetite; bulimia. -- Canine letter , the letter r. See R . -- Canine madness , hydrophobia. -- Canine toth , a toth situated between the incisor and bicuspid teeth, so called because well developen in dogs; usually, the third tooth from the front on each side of each jaw; an eyetooth, or the corresponding tooth in the lower jaw.

Canine <Xpage=210>

Ca*nine" , n. (Anat.) A canine tooth.

Canis <Xpage=210>

Ca"nis (?) , n. ; pl. Canes 3. [L., a dog.] (Zo\'94l.) A genus of carnivorous mammals, of the family Canid\'91 , including the dogs and wolves.

Canis major [L., larger dog] , a constellation to the southeast of Orion, containing Sirius or the Dog Star. -- Canis minor [L., smaller dog] , a constellation to the east of Orion, containing Procyon, a star of the first magnitude.

Canister <Xpage=210>

Can"is*ter (?) , n. [L. canistrum a basket woven from reeds Gr. <?/, fr. <?/, <?/ reed; cf. F. canistre . See Cane , and Canaster .] 1. A small basket of rushes, or wilow twigs, etc.

2. A small box or case for holding tea, coffee, etc.

3. (Mil.) A kind of case shot for cannon, in which a number of lead or iron balls in layers are inclosed in a case fitting the gun; -- called also canister shot ,

Canker <Xpage=210>

Can"ker (?) , n. [OE. canker , cancre , AS. cancer (akin to D. kanker , OHG chanchar .), fr. L. cancer a cancer; or if a native word, cf. Gr. <?/ excrescence on tree, <?/ gangrene. Cf. also OF. cancre , F. chancere , fr. L. cancer . See cancer , and cf. Chancre .]

1. A corroding or sloughing ulcer; esp. a spreading gangrenous ulcer or collection of ulcers in or about the mouth; -- called also water canker , canker of the mouth , and noma .

2. Anything which corrodes, corrupts, or destroy.

The cankers of envy and faction. Temple.

3. (Hort.) A disease incident to trees, causing the bark to rot and fall off.

4. (Far.) An obstinate and often incurable disease of a horse's foot, characterized by separation of the horny portion and the development of fungoid growths; -- usually resulting from neglected thrush.

5. A kind of wild, worthless rose; the dog-rose.

To put down Richard, that sweet lovely rose. And plant this thorm, this canker , Bolingbroke. Shak.

Black canker . See under Black .

Canker <Xpage=210>

Can"ker (?) , v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Cankered (?) ; p. pr. & vb. n. Cankering .] 1. To affect as a canker; to eat away; to corrode; to consune.

No lapse of moons can canker Love. Tennyson.

2. To infect or pollute; to corrupt.

Addison.

A tithe purloined canker the whole estate. Herbert.

Canker <Xpage=210>

Can"ker , v. i. 1. To waste away, grow rusty, or be oxidized, as a mineral. [Obs.]

Silvering will sully and canker more than gliding. Bacom.

2. To be or become diseased, or as if diseased, with canker; to grow corrupt; to become venomous.

Deceit and cankered malice. Dryden.

As with age his body uglier grows, So his mind cankers . Shak.

Canker-bit <Xpage=210>

Can"ker-bit` (?) , a. Eaten out by canker, or as by canker. [Obs.]

Canker bloom <Xpage=210>

Can"ker bloom` (?) . The bloom or blossom of the wild rose or dog-rose.

Canker blossom <Xpage=210>

Can"ker blos`som (?) . That which blasts a blossom as a canker does. [Obs.]

O me! you juggler! you canker blossom ! You thief of Love! Shak.

Cankered <Xpage=210>

Can"kered (?) , a. 1. Affected with canker; as, a cankered mouth .

2. Affected mentally or morally as with canker; sore, envenomed; malignant; fretful; ill-natured. "A cankered grandam's will."

Shak.

Cankeredly <Xpage=210>

Can"kered*ly , adv. Fretfully; spitefully.

Canker fly <Xpage=210>

Can"ker fly` (?) . A fly that preys on fruit.

Cankerous <Xpage=210>

Can"ker*ous (?) , a. Affecting like a canker. " Canrerous shackles."

Thomson.

Misdeem it not a cankerous change. Wordsworth.

Canker rash <Xpage=210>

Can"ker rash" (?) . (Med.) A form of scarlet fever characterized by ulcerated or putrid sore throat.

Cankerworm <Xpage=210>

Can"ker*worm` (?) , n. (Zo\'94l.) The larva of two species of geometrid moths which are very injurious to fruit and shade trees by eating, and often entirely destroying, the foliage. Other similar larv\'91 are also called cankerworms.

&hand; The autumnal species ( Anisopteryx pometaria ) becomes adult late in autumn (after frosts) and in winter. The spring species ( A. vernata ) remains in the ground through the winter, and matures in early spring. Both have winged males and wingless females. The larv\'91 are similar in appearance and habits, and beling to the family of measuring worms or spanworms. These larv\'91 hatch from the eggs when the leaves being to expand in spring.

Cankery <Xpage=210>

Can"ker*y (?) , a. 1. Like a canker; full of canker.

2. Surly; sore; malignant.

Canna <Xpage=210>

Can"na (?) , n. [It.] A measure of length in Italy, varying from six to seven feet. See Cane , 4.

Canna <Xpage=210>

Can"na (?) , n. [L., a reed. See Cane .] (Bot.) A genus of tropical plants, with large leaves and often with showy flowers. The Indian shot. ( C. Indica ) is found in gardens of the northern United States.

Cannabene <Xpage=210>

Can"na*bene (?) , n. [From Cannabis .] (Chem.) A colorless oil obtained from hemp dy distillation, and possessing its intoxicating properties.

Cannabin <Xpage=210>

Can"na*bin (?) , n. (Chem.) A pisonous resin extracted from hemp ( Cannabis sativa , variety Indica ). The narcotic effects of hasheesh are due to this resin.

Cannabine <Xpage=210>

Can"na*bine (?) , a. [L. cannabinus .] Pertaining to hemp; hempen. [R.]

Cannabis <Xpage=210>

Can"na*bis (?) , n. [L., hemp. See Canvas .] (Bot.) A genus of a single species belonging to the order Uricace\'91 ; hemp.

Cannabis Indica (<?/) , the Indian hemp, a powerful narcotic, now considered a variety of the common hemp.

Cannel coal <Xpage=210>

Can"nel coal` (?) . [Corrupt. fr. ndle coal .] A kind of mineral coal of a black color, sufficiently hard and solid to be cut and polished. It burns readily, with a clear, yellow flame, and on this account has been used as a substitute for candles.

Cannery <Xpage=210>

Can"ner*y (?) , n. A place where the business of canning fruit, meat, etc., is carried on. [U. S.]

Cannibal <Xpage=210>

Can"ni*bal (?) , n. [Cf. F. cannibale . Columbus, in a letter to the Spanish monarchs written in Oct., 1498, mentions that the people of Hayti lived in great fear of the Caribales (equivalent to E. Caribbees .), the inhabitants of the smaller Antilles; which form of the name was afterward changed into NL. Canibales , in order to express more forcibly their character by a word intelligible through a Latin root "propter rabiem caninam anthropophagorum gentis." The Caribbees call themselves, in their own language. Calinago , Carinago , Calliponam , and, abbreviated, Calina , signifying a brave, from which Columbus formed his Caribales .] A human being that eats human flesh; hence, any that devours its own kind.

Darwin.

Cannibal <Xpage=210>

Can"ni*bal (?) , a. Relating to cannibals or cannibalism. " Cannibal terror."

Burke.

Cannibalism <Xpage=210>

Can"ni*bal*ism (?) , n. [Cf. F. cannibalisme .] The act or practice of eating human flesh by mankind. Hence; Murderous cruelty; barbarity.

Berke.

Cannibally <Xpage=210>

Can"ni*bal*ly , adv. In the manner of cannibal. "An he had been cannibally given."

Shak.

Cannikin <Xpage=210>

Can"ni*kin (?) , n. [ Can + -kin .] A small can or drinking vessel.

Cannily <Xpage=210>

Can"ni*ly , adv. In a canny manner. [N. of Eng. & Scot.]

Canniness <Xpage=210>

Can"ni*ness , n. Caution; crafty management. [N. of Eng. & Scot.]

Cannon <Xpage=210>

Can"non (?) , n. ; pl. Cannons (#) , collectively Cannon . [F. cannon , fr. L. canna reed, pipe, tube. See Cane .] 1. A great gun; a piece of ordnance or artillery; a firearm for discharging heavy shot with great force.

&hand; Cannons are made of various materials, as iron, brass, bronze, and steel, and of various sizes and shapes with respect to the special service for which they are intended, as intended, as siege, seacoast, naval, field, or mountain, guns. They always aproach more or less nearly to a cylindrical from, being usually thicker toward the breech than at the muzzle. Formerly they were cast hollow, afterwards they were cast, solid, and bored out. The cannon now most in use for the armament of war vessels and for seacoast defense consists of a forged steel tube reinforced with massive steel rings shrunk upon it. Howitzers and mortars are sometimes called cannon. See Gun .

2. (Mech.) A hollow cylindrical piece carried by a revolving shaft, on which it may, however, revolve independently.

3. (Printing.) A kind of type. See Canon .

Cannon ball , strictly, a round solid missile of stone or iron made to be fired from a cannon, but now often applied to a missile of any shape, whether solid or hollow, made for cannon. Elongated and cylindrical missiles are sometimes called bolts ; hollow ones charged with explosives are properly called shells . -- Cannon bullet , a cannon ball . [Obs.] -- Cannon cracker , a fire cracker of large size. -- Cannon lock , a device for firing a cannon by a percussion primer. -- Cannon metal . See Gun Metal . -- Cannon pinion , the pinion on the minute hand arbor of a watch or clock, which drives the hand but permits it to be moved in setting. -- Cannon proof , impenetrable by cannon balls. -- Cannon shot . (a) A cannon ball. (b) The range of a cannon.

Cannon <Xpage=210>

Can"non , n. & v. (Billiards) See Carom . [Eng.]

Cannonade <Xpage=210>

Can"non*ade" (?) , n. [F. Canonnade ; cf. It. cannanata .] 1. The act of discharging cannon and throwing ball, shell, etc., for the purpose of destroying an army, or battering a town, ship, or fort; -- usually, an attack of some continuance.

A furious cannonade was kept up from the whole circle of batteries on the devoted towm. Prescott.

2. Fig.; A loud noise like a cannonade; a booming.

Blue Walden rolls its cannonade . Ewerson.

Cannonade <Xpage=210>

Can`non*ade" , v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Cannonade ; p. pr. & vb. n. Cannonading .] To attack with heavy artillery; to batter with cannon shot.

Cannonade <Xpage=210>

Can`non*ade" , v. i. To discharge cannon; as, the army cannonaded all day .

Cannon bone <Xpage=210>

Can"non bone (?) . (Anat.) See Canon Bone .

Cannoned <Xpage=210>

Can"noned (<?/) , a. Furnished with cannon. [Poetic] "Gilbralter's cannoned steep." M. Arnold.

Cannoneer, Cannonier <Xpage=210>

Can`non*eer" , Can`non*ier" (?) , n. [F. canonnier .] A man who manages, or fires, cannon.

Cannonering <Xpage=210>

Can`non*er"ing , n. The use of cannon.

Burke.

Cannonry <Xpage=210>

Can"non*ry (?) , n. Cannon, collectively; artillery.

The ringing of bells and roaring of cannonry proclaimed his course through the country. W. Irving.

Cannot <Xpage=210>